We present a system engineering approach to a problem of DNA damage-repair in human cells. We discuss chosen control systems existing in the cells and demonstrate that they constitute an almost perfect fault tolerant system. We discuss the consequences of gaps in this system and explain why it cannot be completely perfect.
{"title":"Is cell cycle a perfect fault tolerant control system? - System engineering point of view","authors":"A. Świerniak, R. Jaksik, J. Śmieja","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-005","url":null,"abstract":"We present a system engineering approach to a problem of DNA damage-repair in human cells. We discuss chosen control systems existing in the cells and demonstrate that they constitute an almost perfect fault tolerant system. We discuss the consequences of gaps in this system and explain why it cannot be completely perfect.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"24 1","pages":"108-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83076423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human liver plays a major role in metabolizing medications. One of its metabolic roles is to activate prodrugs into their active form enzymatically. The proposed structure below can be considered as a basic concept of utilizing a liver-on-a-chip for evaluating drug response. One example that of paramount interest to cardiologists is the variable response of their patients to an antiplatelet agent (Plavix®, clopidogrel) which is used after the implantation of a coronary stent to prevent stent clotting. It has been found that some patients, due to genetic variability, are slow metabolizers or resistant to clopidogrel which poses grave danger to them after coronary stenting. In this paper, a multi-layered microfluidic liver-on-a-chip is presented. The model consists of three processing steps: (1) mixing, (2) metabolizing, (3) and testing. Simulations in COMSOL® was performed and reported.
{"title":"Liver-on-a-chip for evaluating hepatic activation of clopidogrel in patients with coronary stents","authors":"Samah A. Atiyat, Shadi M. Karabsheh","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-026","url":null,"abstract":"Human liver plays a major role in metabolizing medications. One of its metabolic roles is to activate prodrugs into their active form enzymatically. The proposed structure below can be considered as a basic concept of utilizing a liver-on-a-chip for evaluating drug response. One example that of paramount interest to cardiologists is the variable response of their patients to an antiplatelet agent (Plavix®, clopidogrel) which is used after the implantation of a coronary stent to prevent stent clotting. It has been found that some patients, due to genetic variability, are slow metabolizers or resistant to clopidogrel which poses grave danger to them after coronary stenting. In this paper, a multi-layered microfluidic liver-on-a-chip is presented. The model consists of three processing steps: (1) mixing, (2) metabolizing, (3) and testing. Simulations in COMSOL® was performed and reported.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"42 1","pages":"218-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82334256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper a technique for detecting the daily fatigue using the characteristics of local facial image is discussed. To reduce the influence of environment illumination and retain more details of features, the images are preprocessed by the method of color consistent area correction. The texture and color features are derived from the gray level co-occurrence matrix and two kinds of color space, and the reliability and universality of the system is improved by the difference algorithm. Then the error backward propagation algorithm is employed to form a complete detection algorithm. Finally, the method achieves 92.3% accuracy with the self-built image database. With convenient data acquisition source and low computational complexity, the proposed method has a good prospect for the application in the field of home medical devices and mobile health devices.
{"title":"Fatigue detection based on facial images processed by difference algorithm","authors":"Jia Chen, Yin Tao, Dalong Zhang, Xiaoli Liu, Zhen Fang, Qinwu Zhou, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-017","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a technique for detecting the daily fatigue using the characteristics of local facial image is discussed. To reduce the influence of environment illumination and retain more details of features, the images are preprocessed by the method of color consistent area correction. The texture and color features are derived from the gray level co-occurrence matrix and two kinds of color space, and the reliability and universality of the system is improved by the difference algorithm. Then the error backward propagation algorithm is employed to form a complete detection algorithm. Finally, the method achieves 92.3% accuracy with the self-built image database. With convenient data acquisition source and low computational complexity, the proposed method has a good prospect for the application in the field of home medical devices and mobile health devices.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"30 1","pages":"208-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81373156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early detection of polyps play an essential role for the prevention of colorectal cancer. Manual clinical inspection have many limitations and could result to either false or missed polyps. Computer aided diagnosis system has been used to help the medical expert and to provide more accurate diagnosis. Since their introduction, many types of algorithms have been proposed in the literature using different types of features and classifiers. This paper provides a state-of-the-art for the automatic detection of polyps using endoscopic videos. Given the increasing evolution of medical imaging technologies and algorithms, it is important to have a recent review in order to know the current state of the art, and the opportunities for improving existing algorithms, or developing innovative ones. The paper divides the work done on this research area according to the type of features and classification methods implemented. The features have been divided into shape, texture or fusion features. Future directions and challenges for more accurate polyp detection in endoscopy videos are also discussed.
{"title":"Automatic polyp detection in endoscopy videos: A survey","authors":"Bilal Taha, N. Werghi, Jorge Dias","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-031","url":null,"abstract":"Early detection of polyps play an essential role for the prevention of colorectal cancer. Manual clinical inspection have many limitations and could result to either false or missed polyps. Computer aided diagnosis system has been used to help the medical expert and to provide more accurate diagnosis. Since their introduction, many types of algorithms have been proposed in the literature using different types of features and classifiers. This paper provides a state-of-the-art for the automatic detection of polyps using endoscopic videos. Given the increasing evolution of medical imaging technologies and algorithms, it is important to have a recent review in order to know the current state of the art, and the opportunities for improving existing algorithms, or developing innovative ones. The paper divides the work done on this research area according to the type of features and classification methods implemented. The features have been divided into shape, texture or fusion features. Future directions and challenges for more accurate polyp detection in endoscopy videos are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"33 1","pages":"233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89617560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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