E. Krueger, L. M. S. Magri, A. S. Botelho, F. Bach, C. Rebellato, L. Fracaro, F. Fragoso, J. Villanova, P. Brofman, L. Popović-Maneski
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is classified as neurological disorder that affects motor and sensory function below the injury level. Studies show that application of low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) to neural tissue increases neurochemical factors responsible for regeneration as nerve growth factor. Stem cell (SC) therapy for patients with SCI can result in the replacement of injured neurons after trauma. The electromechanical delay (EMD) is defined as time elapsed between the onset of muscle electrical activation and onset of force production. A dog diagnosed with incomplete thoracolumbar SCI followed by disc hernia between the vertebral segments LI and L2, was evaluated by electromyography and mechanomyography after surgical decompression procedure, one SC transplantation and LIES. We observed motor response and decrease in the EMD from 8.25ms to 5.75ms after the procedures. The wavelet decomposition of EMG signals showed reestablishment of vastus lateralis muscle activity 30 days after the procedure. In addition, the EMGRMS increased from 3.3 µVRMS to 157 µVRMS. The preliminary results of this case report indicate positive effects of the hybrid therapy involving stem cells and low-intensity electrical stimulation after surgical decompression.
{"title":"Low-intensity electrical stimulation and stem cells in a dog with acute spinal cord injury","authors":"E. Krueger, L. M. S. Magri, A. S. Botelho, F. Bach, C. Rebellato, L. Fracaro, F. Fragoso, J. Villanova, P. Brofman, L. Popović-Maneski","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-007","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal cord injury (SCI) is classified as neurological disorder that affects motor and sensory function below the injury level. Studies show that application of low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) to neural tissue increases neurochemical factors responsible for regeneration as nerve growth factor. Stem cell (SC) therapy for patients with SCI can result in the replacement of injured neurons after trauma. The electromechanical delay (EMD) is defined as time elapsed between the onset of muscle electrical activation and onset of force production. A dog diagnosed with incomplete thoracolumbar SCI followed by disc hernia between the vertebral segments LI and L2, was evaluated by electromyography and mechanomyography after surgical decompression procedure, one SC transplantation and LIES. We observed motor response and decrease in the EMD from 8.25ms to 5.75ms after the procedures. The wavelet decomposition of EMG signals showed reestablishment of vastus lateralis muscle activity 30 days after the procedure. In addition, the EMGRMS increased from 3.3 µVRMS to 157 µVRMS. The preliminary results of this case report indicate positive effects of the hybrid therapy involving stem cells and low-intensity electrical stimulation after surgical decompression.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"22 1","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78258224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Having missing values due to several experimental conditions is a common problem in analyzing the results of microarray experiments. Although many imputation methods exist, comparative studies based on regression based models are very limited. Particularly, Relevance Vector Machine (RVM), a recent regression method shown to be effective in various domains, has not been considered so far for missing value imputation in microarray data. In this study, we present a comparative study between regression based models, including linear regression, k-nearest neighbor regression and RVM that uses data obtained from breast, colon and prostate cancer tissues through the microarray technology. The leave-one-out (or Jackknife) procedure is applied for the validation. To measure the performance of the model we used Spearman correlation coefficient (CC). The results reveal that RVM with a Gaussian kernel outperforms other regression models in some cases.
{"title":"Microarray missing data imputation using regression","authors":"T. Bayrak, H. Oğul","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-033","url":null,"abstract":"Having missing values due to several experimental conditions is a common problem in analyzing the results of microarray experiments. Although many imputation methods exist, comparative studies based on regression based models are very limited. Particularly, Relevance Vector Machine (RVM), a recent regression method shown to be effective in various domains, has not been considered so far for missing value imputation in microarray data. In this study, we present a comparative study between regression based models, including linear regression, k-nearest neighbor regression and RVM that uses data obtained from breast, colon and prostate cancer tissues through the microarray technology. The leave-one-out (or Jackknife) procedure is applied for the validation. To measure the performance of the model we used Spearman correlation coefficient (CC). The results reveal that RVM with a Gaussian kernel outperforms other regression models in some cases.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"54 1","pages":"68-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86729118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, Magneto-Acousto Electrical Tomography with magnetic measurements technique is investigated using two dimensional (2D) simplified numerical breast model. This technique comprises of the electrical current induction and ultrasound in the static magnetic field. 2D numerical simplified breast geometry is modeled with an ultrasonic transducer (linear phased array (LPA)) placed on the top side of the simplified breast model. A rectangular loop coil is encircled the breast. The sensitivity matrix is obtained for this transducer-coil configuration. LPA transducer is steered with eleven angles (−25 ° to 25 ° at intervals of 5 °). The characteristics of this modality is shown by the singular value decomposition (SVD) method. The reconstruction of the images is performed by truncated SVD approach. This study shows that perturbations (5 mm × 5 mm) up to a depth of 3 cm can be detected.
{"title":"A numerical analysis of Magneto-Acousto Electrical Tomography with a simplified breast model","authors":"Reyhan Zengin, N. G. Gencer","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-015","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Magneto-Acousto Electrical Tomography with magnetic measurements technique is investigated using two dimensional (2D) simplified numerical breast model. This technique comprises of the electrical current induction and ultrasound in the static magnetic field. 2D numerical simplified breast geometry is modeled with an ultrasonic transducer (linear phased array (LPA)) placed on the top side of the simplified breast model. A rectangular loop coil is encircled the breast. The sensitivity matrix is obtained for this transducer-coil configuration. LPA transducer is steered with eleven angles (−25 ° to 25 ° at intervals of 5 °). The characteristics of this modality is shown by the singular value decomposition (SVD) method. The reconstruction of the images is performed by truncated SVD approach. This study shows that perturbations (5 mm × 5 mm) up to a depth of 3 cm can be detected.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"16 1","pages":"11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85993156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we investigate the methods to express the structural information such as tube-like shape or isolated region based on fluoro-deoxy glucose(FDG) PET images and its visualization. To extract the human structural information, we calculate the curvatures of two types. One is calculated by Hessian matrix, the other is based on the four dimensional hyper-surface of FDG-PET images. There are three curvatures through each calculations, and these curvatures express original structures such as the linear shape and isolation degree. Using by these features, we extract the abnormal regions which include doubtful cancer. For the visualization, we propose to construct the newly image, that is the extracted abnormal regions are superimposed on the ordinary image which used for diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, we evaluate each abnormal regions from the view point such as the statistical FDG accumulation or the shape information, and we certify the effectiveness of out methods in the diagnosis of cancer.
{"title":"Extraction and visualization of structural information based on FDG-PET images","authors":"T. Tozaki, M. Senda","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-013","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the methods to express the structural information such as tube-like shape or isolated region based on fluoro-deoxy glucose(FDG) PET images and its visualization. To extract the human structural information, we calculate the curvatures of two types. One is calculated by Hessian matrix, the other is based on the four dimensional hyper-surface of FDG-PET images. There are three curvatures through each calculations, and these curvatures express original structures such as the linear shape and isolation degree. Using by these features, we extract the abnormal regions which include doubtful cancer. For the visualization, we propose to construct the newly image, that is the extracted abnormal regions are superimposed on the ordinary image which used for diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, we evaluate each abnormal regions from the view point such as the statistical FDG accumulation or the shape information, and we certify the effectiveness of out methods in the diagnosis of cancer.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"73 1","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86967036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motor imagery is currently one of the main applications of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) which aims at providing the disabled with means to execute motor commands. One of the major stages of motor imagery systems is reducing the dimensions of the input data and enhancing the features prior to applying a classification stage to recognize the intended movement. In this paper, we utilize autoencoders as a powerful tool to enhance the input features of the band power filtered electroencephalography (EEG) data. We compare the performance of the autoencoder-based approach to using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our results demonstrate that using autoencoders with non-linear activation function achieves better performance compared to using PCA. We demonstrate the effects of varying the number of hidden nodes of the autoencoder as well as the activation function on the performance. We finally examine the characteristics of the trained autoencoders to identify the features that are most relevant for the motor imagery classification task.
{"title":"Using autoencoders for feature enhancement in motor imagery Brain-Computer Interfaces","authors":"Mahmoud A. Helal, S. Eldawlatly, M. Taher","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-052","url":null,"abstract":"Motor imagery is currently one of the main applications of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) which aims at providing the disabled with means to execute motor commands. One of the major stages of motor imagery systems is reducing the dimensions of the input data and enhancing the features prior to applying a classification stage to recognize the intended movement. In this paper, we utilize autoencoders as a powerful tool to enhance the input features of the band power filtered electroencephalography (EEG) data. We compare the performance of the autoencoder-based approach to using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our results demonstrate that using autoencoders with non-linear activation function achieves better performance compared to using PCA. We demonstrate the effects of varying the number of hidden nodes of the autoencoder as well as the activation function on the performance. We finally examine the characteristics of the trained autoencoders to identify the features that are most relevant for the motor imagery classification task.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"1 1","pages":"89-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77284166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Praemai Wannawat, Nutchanant Foojinphan, Thananya Khienwad, P. Naiyanetr
A centrifugal blood pump is a meaningful device for heart failure patients. However, the centrifugal blood pump causes side effects to blood for long term used; thrombosis and hemolysis, both factors relate to shear stress, therefore, the pump must be well-designed in order to decrease shear stress. Three types of impellers were designed; backward, forward and straight impeller. Each designed impellers and original impeller were compared together to determine the appropriate impeller for the blood pump.
{"title":"The study of various impeller design for centrifugal blood pump using computer method","authors":"Praemai Wannawat, Nutchanant Foojinphan, Thananya Khienwad, P. Naiyanetr","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-041","url":null,"abstract":"A centrifugal blood pump is a meaningful device for heart failure patients. However, the centrifugal blood pump causes side effects to blood for long term used; thrombosis and hemolysis, both factors relate to shear stress, therefore, the pump must be well-designed in order to decrease shear stress. Three types of impellers were designed; backward, forward and straight impeller. Each designed impellers and original impeller were compared together to determine the appropriate impeller for the blood pump.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"287 5","pages":"247-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72570747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A phantom study for breast tumor registration based on the deformation of the external surface is proposed. This study aims at the integration into an image guided system for breast cancer biopsy or ablation. To compensate potentially large breast displacements, due to different positions of the breast during biopsy or ablation compared with pre-operative data, where the diagnosis was made, an initial linear alignment using visible landmarks is involved, followed by thin-plate spline (TPS) registration of the linearly aligned surfaces. Subsequently, the TPS deformation will be applied to the tumors. The results were validated using a multimodal phantom of the breast, while the tumors and the surface were segmented on four different positions of the phantom: prone, supine, vertical and on a side. The use of computed tomography (CT) dataset allowed us to obtain a very precise segmentation of the external surface, of the tumors and the landmarks. Despite large variation among the different positions of the phantom due to the gravitational force, the accuracy of the method at the target point was under 5 millimeters. These results allow us to conclude that, using our prototype image registration system, we are able to align acquisition of the breast in different positions with clinically relevant accuracy.
{"title":"Deformable surface registration for breast tumors tracking: A phantom study","authors":"B. Maris, P. Fiorini","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-021","url":null,"abstract":"A phantom study for breast tumor registration based on the deformation of the external surface is proposed. This study aims at the integration into an image guided system for breast cancer biopsy or ablation. To compensate potentially large breast displacements, due to different positions of the breast during biopsy or ablation compared with pre-operative data, where the diagnosis was made, an initial linear alignment using visible landmarks is involved, followed by thin-plate spline (TPS) registration of the linearly aligned surfaces. Subsequently, the TPS deformation will be applied to the tumors. The results were validated using a multimodal phantom of the breast, while the tumors and the surface were segmented on four different positions of the phantom: prone, supine, vertical and on a side. The use of computed tomography (CT) dataset allowed us to obtain a very precise segmentation of the external surface, of the tumors and the landmarks. Despite large variation among the different positions of the phantom due to the gravitational force, the accuracy of the method at the target point was under 5 millimeters. These results allow us to conclude that, using our prototype image registration system, we are able to align acquisition of the breast in different positions with clinically relevant accuracy.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"37 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74562767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human balancing on a balance board is modelled as a delayed proportional-derivative control mechanism with unknown feedback delay. The mechanical model implies that there exists a critical delay, for which no control gain parameters can stabilize the system. This theoretical critical delay is determined by numerical analysis for different geometries of the balance board. Then the results are compared to real balancing trials on balance boards with the same geometries. Comparison of the unsuccessful balancing trials to the theoretical critical delay suggests that the feedback delay of human balancing task is between 20ms and 110ms.
{"title":"Estimation of human reaction time delay during balancing on balance board","authors":"Csenge A. Molnar, A. Zelei, T. Insperger","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-048","url":null,"abstract":"Human balancing on a balance board is modelled as a delayed proportional-derivative control mechanism with unknown feedback delay. The mechanical model implies that there exists a critical delay, for which no control gain parameters can stabilize the system. This theoretical critical delay is determined by numerical analysis for different geometries of the balance board. Then the results are compared to real balancing trials on balance boards with the same geometries. Comparison of the unsuccessful balancing trials to the theoretical critical delay suggests that the feedback delay of human balancing task is between 20ms and 110ms.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"9 1","pages":"176-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72895841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. H. Soomro, G. Giunta, A. Laghi, D. Caruso, M. Ciolina, C. De Marchis, S. Conforto, M. Schmid
Haralick's features have been extensively used in texture analysis of medical images. In this contribution, we have applied Haralick's to T2-weighted colorectal MRI for a possible cancer evaluation. In particular, the T2-MRI images of 8 patients with colorectal pathology were identified as early stage malignant and later stage malignant using the whole amount of follow-up exams by radiologists. 192 Haralick's textural features were computed from normalized gray level co-occurrence matrix with respect to four different directions. Mean and standard deviation were also calculated for the extracted features to assess the statistical significance of results. Among all the extracted features, only 5 from 14 Haralick's textural features (viz. energy, contrast, correlation, entropy and inverse difference moment (IDM)) were found as significant for colorectal cancer evaluation. In future research, these five Haralick's textural features may be useful to detect and evaluate colorectal cancer as well as constitute a basis for predicting the prognostic trend of the disease.
{"title":"Haralick's texture analysis applied to colorectal T2-weighted MRI: A preliminary study of significance for cancer evolution","authors":"M. H. Soomro, G. Giunta, A. Laghi, D. Caruso, M. Ciolina, C. De Marchis, S. Conforto, M. Schmid","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-019","url":null,"abstract":"Haralick's features have been extensively used in texture analysis of medical images. In this contribution, we have applied Haralick's to T2-weighted colorectal MRI for a possible cancer evaluation. In particular, the T2-MRI images of 8 patients with colorectal pathology were identified as early stage malignant and later stage malignant using the whole amount of follow-up exams by radiologists. 192 Haralick's textural features were computed from normalized gray level co-occurrence matrix with respect to four different directions. Mean and standard deviation were also calculated for the extracted features to assess the statistical significance of results. Among all the extracted features, only 5 from 14 Haralick's textural features (viz. energy, contrast, correlation, entropy and inverse difference moment (IDM)) were found as significant for colorectal cancer evaluation. In future research, these five Haralick's textural features may be useful to detect and evaluate colorectal cancer as well as constitute a basis for predicting the prognostic trend of the disease.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"45 1","pages":"16-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88494376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this report we have demonstrated a fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET)-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) combined approach to study the intracellular pathway of gold nanoparticles. The detected energy transfer between gold nanorods (GNRs) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) labeled Heia cell early endosomes and the in-depth lifetime distribution analysis on the transfer process suggest an endocytotic uptake process of GNRs. Furthermore, the FRET-FLIM method profits from a surface plasmon enhanced energy transfer mechanism when taking into consideration of GNRs and two photon excitation, and is effective in biological imaging, sensing, and even in single molecular tracing in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
{"title":"Endosytosis study of gold nanoparticles through FRET-FLIM approach","authors":"Yinan Zhang, Yu Chen, Jun Yu, D. Birch","doi":"10.2316/P.2017.852-032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2017.852-032","url":null,"abstract":"In this report we have demonstrated a fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET)-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) combined approach to study the intracellular pathway of gold nanoparticles. The detected energy transfer between gold nanorods (GNRs) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) labeled Heia cell early endosomes and the in-depth lifetime distribution analysis on the transfer process suggest an endocytotic uptake process of GNRs. Furthermore, the FRET-FLIM method profits from a surface plasmon enhanced energy transfer mechanism when taking into consideration of GNRs and two photon excitation, and is effective in biological imaging, sensing, and even in single molecular tracing in both in vivo and in vitro studies.","PeriodicalId":6635,"journal":{"name":"2017 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed)","volume":"40 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80353137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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