Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978324
J. V. Kumar, A. Maldonado-Alvarez, Y. Matsumoto, M. D. L. L. Olvera-Amador
Undoped ZnO Ultra thin films were deposited on glass substrates by rf magnetron sputtering. Thin films were deposited at various rf powers 50, 75, 100 and 125W. The measured thickness of the films were less than 50nm. Structural properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) which confirmed that the films were crystalline with a (002) preferential orientation. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis spectrophotometry in the 300-1000nm range, obtaining an average transmittance around 70 %. The AFM characterization revealed that rms roughness value increases with rf power.
{"title":"Effect of rf power on structural, optical and morphological properties of ultrathin undoped ZnO films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering","authors":"J. V. Kumar, A. Maldonado-Alvarez, Y. Matsumoto, M. D. L. L. Olvera-Amador","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978324","url":null,"abstract":"Undoped ZnO Ultra thin films were deposited on glass substrates by rf magnetron sputtering. Thin films were deposited at various rf powers 50, 75, 100 and 125W. The measured thickness of the films were less than 50nm. Structural properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) which confirmed that the films were crystalline with a (002) preferential orientation. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis spectrophotometry in the 300-1000nm range, obtaining an average transmittance around 70 %. The AFM characterization revealed that rms roughness value increases with rf power.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"233 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77110084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978287
J. N. Guerrero-Tavares, H. Aguirre-Becerra, S. Ortiz-Santos
In this paper the comparison of an adaptive method with Super-Twisting for states and parameters estimation of an IWP is presented. The estimated states are arm velocity and pendulum wheel velocity through the position measurement (outputs) and the control signal (input). Subsequently the parameter estimator is implemented. The adaptive law estimates the states and parameters at the same time. For this, a passivity-based controller for positioning the pendulum in its inverted position is used. Finally the results simulated in Simulink / Matlab are presented.
{"title":"Observer and parameter estimation for IWP: Comparison of a super-twisting algorithm and an adaptive method","authors":"J. N. Guerrero-Tavares, H. Aguirre-Becerra, S. Ortiz-Santos","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978287","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the comparison of an adaptive method with Super-Twisting for states and parameters estimation of an IWP is presented. The estimated states are arm velocity and pendulum wheel velocity through the position measurement (outputs) and the control signal (input). Subsequently the parameter estimator is implemented. The adaptive law estimates the states and parameters at the same time. For this, a passivity-based controller for positioning the pendulum in its inverted position is used. Finally the results simulated in Simulink / Matlab are presented.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75262671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978307
Pablo S. Luna-Lozano, Oscar A. García-Zetina, J. A. Pérez-López, C. Alvarado-Serrano
The design of a portable device for heart rate monitoring is described in this work. The cardiac activity is detected through the noninvasively measurement of blood volume changes in the forearm. When blood volume arrives to the forearm from the left ventricle, the electrical properties of the body segment change. These changes, that mainly comprise the electrical impedance of the tissue, are measured through the injection of a safely ac current and the detection of the voltage changes due to blood flow. Such a method is known as electrical impedance plethysmography. A peak-detection-software is used in a microcontroller to estimate the heart rate. Results of measuring the heart rate have shown accuracy that accomplishes the AAMI standards for heart rate monitors.
{"title":"Portable device for heart rate monitoring based on impedance pletysmography","authors":"Pablo S. Luna-Lozano, Oscar A. García-Zetina, J. A. Pérez-López, C. Alvarado-Serrano","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978307","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a portable device for heart rate monitoring is described in this work. The cardiac activity is detected through the noninvasively measurement of blood volume changes in the forearm. When blood volume arrives to the forearm from the left ventricle, the electrical properties of the body segment change. These changes, that mainly comprise the electrical impedance of the tissue, are measured through the injection of a safely ac current and the detection of the voltage changes due to blood flow. Such a method is known as electrical impedance plethysmography. A peak-detection-software is used in a microcontroller to estimate the heart rate. Results of measuring the heart rate have shown accuracy that accomplishes the AAMI standards for heart rate monitors.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82532810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978262
Y. Gurevich, I. Lashkevych
The linear electrical conductivity of a bipolar semiconductor which is connected to a metal from both sides is investigated in general case, i.e., when the influence of both nonequilibrium charge carriers (electrons and holes) and nonequilibrium temperature on transport of electrical charges is taken into account. Let us notice that the electrical and energy nonequilibriums arise automatically in a bipolar semiconductor when electrical current flows even in a linear approximation with respect to an electrical current. The expression for the electrical conductivity is obtained for a bipolar semiconductor which depends on the electrical conductivity of electrons and holes, the thermal conductivity, the bandgap, the lifetime of charge carriers, the surface recombination rate on a semiconductor-metal contact.
{"title":"Influence of nonequilibrium temperature and charge carriers on the Ohm's law in a bipolar semiconductor","authors":"Y. Gurevich, I. Lashkevych","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978262","url":null,"abstract":"The linear electrical conductivity of a bipolar semiconductor which is connected to a metal from both sides is investigated in general case, i.e., when the influence of both nonequilibrium charge carriers (electrons and holes) and nonequilibrium temperature on transport of electrical charges is taken into account. Let us notice that the electrical and energy nonequilibriums arise automatically in a bipolar semiconductor when electrical current flows even in a linear approximation with respect to an electrical current. The expression for the electrical conductivity is obtained for a bipolar semiconductor which depends on the electrical conductivity of electrons and holes, the thermal conductivity, the bandgap, the lifetime of charge carriers, the surface recombination rate on a semiconductor-metal contact.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"60 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83004132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978258
Pérez-Arreguín Jorge Israel, Pedraza-Ortega Jesus Carlos, Álvares-Servín Jorge, Tovar-Arriaga Saúl, V. Emilio, Vega-Hernández Susana
In this article, a rapid prototyping tool design and construction for the development of tools for navigation optical systems is presented. Theses markers differentiate from commonly used ones because they use cheap reflective stickers as markers fiducials. We built markers with a 3D printer and tested two different sized circular reflective stickers with calibration errors bellow to 0.25 mm. The reflection angle of the sticker fiducials are their mayor problem. Nevertheless, the obtained calibration accuracy (quite similar to state of the art fiducials) could be a fast and cheap option to be used with non-risky applications, such as metrology or object digitalization in which the reflection loss due to critical angles is not an issue.
{"title":"Design and construction of tools with reflecting-disks fiducials for optical stereo trackers: An afforable technique for navigation tools development","authors":"Pérez-Arreguín Jorge Israel, Pedraza-Ortega Jesus Carlos, Álvares-Servín Jorge, Tovar-Arriaga Saúl, V. Emilio, Vega-Hernández Susana","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978258","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a rapid prototyping tool design and construction for the development of tools for navigation optical systems is presented. Theses markers differentiate from commonly used ones because they use cheap reflective stickers as markers fiducials. We built markers with a 3D printer and tested two different sized circular reflective stickers with calibration errors bellow to 0.25 mm. The reflection angle of the sticker fiducials are their mayor problem. Nevertheless, the obtained calibration accuracy (quite similar to state of the art fiducials) could be a fast and cheap option to be used with non-risky applications, such as metrology or object digitalization in which the reflection loss due to critical angles is not an issue.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"213 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91461657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978290
Amberlay Ruíz-Serrano, Miriam Reyes-Fernandez, R. Posada-Gómez, A. Martínez-Sibaja, A. Aguilar-Lasserre
Many users with motor disabilities, such as quadriplegics are unable to handle a power wheelchair securely, without causing harm to others, to themselves or their surroundings. Smart wheelchairs usually have been instrumented with a collection of sensors and computers using systems and algorithms that have been designed to provide safe navigation assistance through collision avoidance. This paper proposes a real-time obstacle avoidance embedded system adapted to work with a multimodal navigation interface. 26 Ultrasonic sensors (Sonars) were used to provide feedback of the distance between the wheelchair and the obstacles.
{"title":"Obstacle avoidance embedded system for a smart wheelchair with a multimodal navigation interface","authors":"Amberlay Ruíz-Serrano, Miriam Reyes-Fernandez, R. Posada-Gómez, A. Martínez-Sibaja, A. Aguilar-Lasserre","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978290","url":null,"abstract":"Many users with motor disabilities, such as quadriplegics are unable to handle a power wheelchair securely, without causing harm to others, to themselves or their surroundings. Smart wheelchairs usually have been instrumented with a collection of sensors and computers using systems and algorithms that have been designed to provide safe navigation assistance through collision avoidance. This paper proposes a real-time obstacle avoidance embedded system adapted to work with a multimodal navigation interface. 26 Ultrasonic sensors (Sonars) were used to provide feedback of the distance between the wheelchair and the obstacles.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84220484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978321
Ana M. Pineda, M. R. Herrera-Rivera, M. D. L. L. Olvera-Amador
This experimental work reports the results obtained on the effect of two different zinc precursors (zinc nitrate and zinc acetate), using sodium hydroxide as precipitant agent and different parameters on the synthesis of zinc oxide powders, applying the Taguchi method. The zinc oxide powders were synthesized by the homogeneous precipitation technique. All the resultant precipitates in the process were dried and calcined to produce zinc oxide powders. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization results revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure with an average particular size of 34.4 to 53.5 nanometers. All the synthesized particles presented different sizes with an irregular geometry.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of ZnO powders by homogeneous precipitation from different precursors","authors":"Ana M. Pineda, M. R. Herrera-Rivera, M. D. L. L. Olvera-Amador","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978321","url":null,"abstract":"This experimental work reports the results obtained on the effect of two different zinc precursors (zinc nitrate and zinc acetate), using sodium hydroxide as precipitant agent and different parameters on the synthesis of zinc oxide powders, applying the Taguchi method. The zinc oxide powders were synthesized by the homogeneous precipitation technique. All the resultant precipitates in the process were dried and calcined to produce zinc oxide powders. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization results revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure with an average particular size of 34.4 to 53.5 nanometers. All the synthesized particles presented different sizes with an irregular geometry.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79819434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978300
Alvaro Narciso Perez-Garcia, Gerardo Marcos Tornez-Xavier, L. M. Flores-Nava, F. Gómez-Castañeda, J. Moreno-Cadenas
In this manuscript we present the implementation of an artificial neural network type Multilayer Perceptron (ANN-MP or NNMP) in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), including Back-Propagation training method based on descendent gradient. This network has 2 reconfigurable hidden layers, adjustable parameters (epochs and ratio learning) and batch learning. The proposed architecture aims to reduce the number of logical elements to be used, so serial processing is utilized. In order to test the performance of the trained network, a nonlinear function was approximated with satisfactory results.
{"title":"Multilayer perceptron network with integrated training algorithm in FPGA","authors":"Alvaro Narciso Perez-Garcia, Gerardo Marcos Tornez-Xavier, L. M. Flores-Nava, F. Gómez-Castañeda, J. Moreno-Cadenas","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978300","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript we present the implementation of an artificial neural network type Multilayer Perceptron (ANN-MP or NNMP) in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), including Back-Propagation training method based on descendent gradient. This network has 2 reconfigurable hidden layers, adjustable parameters (epochs and ratio learning) and batch learning. The proposed architecture aims to reduce the number of logical elements to be used, so serial processing is utilized. In order to test the performance of the trained network, a nonlinear function was approximated with satisfactory results.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"77 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85477011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978318
F. Arce, L. Leija, A. Vera, M. F. J. C. Rubio, Geshel David Guerrero López
This paper describes the procedure to make a realistic and novel breast and breast cancer phantoms in order to mimic acoustic and geometric properties of the woman breast. Comparing the propagation speed of sound in our phantoms with others papers, we achieved 96.34 % of similarity in breast phantoms and 96.99 % of similarity in breast cancer phantoms by using accessible and cheap materials; furthermore, the phantom is easy to prepare. Images taken with a commercial equipment are presented.
{"title":"Realistic novel breast and breast cancer phantoms for the study of imaging and therapy ultrasound","authors":"F. Arce, L. Leija, A. Vera, M. F. J. C. Rubio, Geshel David Guerrero López","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978318","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the procedure to make a realistic and novel breast and breast cancer phantoms in order to mimic acoustic and geometric properties of the woman breast. Comparing the propagation speed of sound in our phantoms with others papers, we achieved 96.34 % of similarity in breast phantoms and 96.99 % of similarity in breast cancer phantoms by using accessible and cheap materials; furthermore, the phantom is easy to prepare. Images taken with a commercial equipment are presented.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76505749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978275
J. Cruz-Prieto, I. Bazán, A. Ramírez-García
The objective of this paper is to develop an ultrasound signal processing technique suitable to measure changes in distance between two membranes that simulate the pleural membranes in a basic human thorax phantom. The proposed technique is based on the correlation and autocorrelation methods. Obtaining an accuracy of 96.83 percent compared to those measures obtained with a caliper.
{"title":"Ultrasonic estimation of separation change between membranes in a human thorax phantom oriented to pleural effusion detection","authors":"J. Cruz-Prieto, I. Bazán, A. Ramírez-García","doi":"10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2014.6978275","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to develop an ultrasound signal processing technique suitable to measure changes in distance between two membranes that simulate the pleural membranes in a basic human thorax phantom. The proposed technique is based on the correlation and autocorrelation methods. Obtaining an accuracy of 96.83 percent compared to those measures obtained with a caliper.","PeriodicalId":6661,"journal":{"name":"2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72670340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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