Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1007/s10953-023-01357-1
Thomas Raynaud, Martin Bachet, Pascale Bénézeth, Anaïs Graff
The zinc boron complex formation was studied as a function of temperature (25, 50 and 70 °C) in boric acid solutions of various concentration (0.25, 0.50 and 0.68 mol·kg−1). pH was monitored during zinc ion addition by galvanostatic dissolution of a zinc metal electrode, in a solution of boric acid. The determination of the complex formation showed the importance of an accurate model of the polyborate speciation, recalculated for this work based on the previous literature data mainly potentiometric measurements completed by Raman spectroscopy and Ab Initio calculations. Modelling of our experimental results, considering various scenarios of boric acid speciation, was performed using R and PhreeqC, suggesting the formation of an aqueous triborate-zinc (II) complex, ({{text{ZnB}}}_{3}{{text{O}}}_{3}{({text{OH}})}_{4({text{aq}})}^{+},) according to the reaction: ({{text{Zn}}}^{2+}+3{{text{B}}({text{OH}})}_{3} rightleftharpoons {{text{ZnB}}}_{3}{{text{O}}}_{3}{({text{OH}})}_{4({text{aq}})}^{+}+2{{text{H}}}_{2}{text{O}}+{{text{H}}}^{+}). The nature and structure of this aqueous complex disagrees with the results reported previously in the literature. Three formation constants of the triborate-zinc (II) complex were determined at 25, 50 and 70 °C as ({{text{log}}}_{10}{K}_{text{ZnB}}) = − 4.73 ± 0.10, − 4.21 ± 0.16 and − 4.94 ± 0.12, respectively. The evolution of zinc boron complex formation as a function of temperature (between 25 and 70 °C) provides information on the effect of the polyborate predominance in the solution on the complexation of zinc.
在不同浓度(0.25、0.50 和 0.68 mol-kg-1)的硼酸溶液中,研究了锌硼络合物的形成与温度(25、50 和 70 °C)的函数关系。在锌离子添加过程中,通过锌金属电极在硼酸溶液中的静电溶解来监测 pH 值。对复合物形成的测定表明,精确的聚硼酸酯标示模型非常重要,该模型是根据以前的文献数据重新计算的,主要是通过拉曼光谱和 Ab Initio 计算完成的电位测量。使用 R 和 PhreeqC 对我们的实验结果进行了建模,考虑到了硼酸标示的各种情况,结果表明根据反应形成了一种水性三硼酸盐-锌(II)复合物,({{text{ZnB}}}_{3}{{text{O}}}_{3}{({text{OH}})}_{4({text{aq}})}^{+},):({{text{Zn}}}^{2+}+3{{text{B}}({text{OH}})}_{3}rightleftharpoons {{text{ZnB}}}_{3}{{text{O}}}_{3}{({text{OH}})}_{4({text{aq}})}^{+}+2{{text{H}}}_{2}{text{O}}+{{text{H}}}^{+}).这种水性复合物的性质和结构与之前文献报道的结果不一致。在 25、50 和 70 °C 时,三硼酸锌 (II) 复合物的三个形成常数分别为 ({{text{log}}_{10}{K}_{text{ZnB}}) = - 4.73 ± 0.10、- 4.21 ± 0.16 和 - 4.94 ± 0.12。锌硼络合物的形成随温度(25 至 70 °C)的变化提供了溶液中聚硼酸盐占优势对锌络合作用影响的信息。
{"title":"Zinc (II)–Boron (III) Aqueous Complex Formation Between 25 and 70 °C","authors":"Thomas Raynaud, Martin Bachet, Pascale Bénézeth, Anaïs Graff","doi":"10.1007/s10953-023-01357-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-023-01357-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The zinc boron complex formation was studied as a function of temperature (25, 50 and 70 °C) in boric acid solutions of various concentration (0.25, 0.50 and 0.68 mol·kg<sup>−1</sup>). pH was monitored during zinc ion addition by galvanostatic dissolution of a zinc metal electrode, in a solution of boric acid. The determination of the complex formation showed the importance of an accurate model of the polyborate speciation, recalculated for this work based on the previous literature data mainly potentiometric measurements completed by Raman spectroscopy and Ab Initio calculations. Modelling of our experimental results, considering various scenarios of boric acid speciation, was performed using R and PhreeqC, suggesting the formation of an aqueous triborate-zinc (II) complex, <span>({{text{ZnB}}}_{3}{{text{O}}}_{3}{({text{OH}})}_{4({text{aq}})}^{+},)</span> according to the reaction: <span>({{text{Zn}}}^{2+}+3{{text{B}}({text{OH}})}_{3} rightleftharpoons {{text{ZnB}}}_{3}{{text{O}}}_{3}{({text{OH}})}_{4({text{aq}})}^{+}+2{{text{H}}}_{2}{text{O}}+{{text{H}}}^{+})</span>. The nature and structure of this aqueous complex disagrees with the results reported previously in the literature. Three formation constants of the triborate-zinc (II) complex were determined at 25, 50 and 70 °C as <span>({{text{log}}}_{10}{K}_{text{ZnB}})</span> = − 4.73 ± 0.10, − 4.21 ± 0.16 and − 4.94 ± 0.12, respectively. The evolution of zinc boron complex formation as a function of temperature (between 25 and 70 °C) provides information on the effect of the polyborate predominance in the solution on the complexation of zinc.</p>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140006929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1007/s10953-024-01362-y
Abstract
In a binary liquid mixture containing pyrimidine-substituted azetidinone ultrasonic velocities, densities, and viscosities have been measured by unit of molality azetidinone at temperatures T = (298.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K). 3-chloro-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (AT1) and 3-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (AT2) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were studied. The density, dynamic viscosity, and ultrasonic sound velocity have all been measured, among other acoustical and thermodynamic properties. Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG*), enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), and entropy of activation (ΔS*) values have been studied further to determine how solvent changes and structural modifications impact these values. The molecular interactions between the components of the liquid combination have been used to explain these findings.
{"title":"Acoustical Studies of Some Derivatives of Pyrimidine-Substituted Azetidine in Binary Liquid Mixture at Different Temperatures","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10953-024-01362-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-024-01362-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>In a binary liquid mixture containing pyrimidine-substituted azetidinone ultrasonic velocities, densities, and viscosities have been measured by unit of molality azetidinone at temperatures T = (298.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K). 3-chloro-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (<strong>AT</strong><sub><strong>1</strong></sub>) and 3-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (<strong>AT</strong><sub><strong>2</strong></sub>) in <em>N,N</em>-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were studied. The density, dynamic viscosity, and ultrasonic sound velocity have all been measured, among other acoustical and thermodynamic properties. Gibbs free energy of activation (Δ<em>G</em>*), enthalpy of activation (Δ<em>H</em>*), and entropy of activation (Δ<em>S</em>*) values have been studied further to determine how solvent changes and structural modifications impact these values. The molecular interactions between the components of the liquid combination have been used to explain these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139927529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-21DOI: 10.1007/s10953-023-01351-7
Sa’ib J. Khouri, Dalya Alsaad, Abdelmnim M. Altwaiq
Titrimetric methods were used to estimate the molar solubility and apparent acid dissociation constant (Kc) of salicylic acid in water. This was done with varied ionic strength values ranging from 0.00 to 0.75 mol·L−1 and over a temperature range of 15 to 60 °C. The thermodynamic dissociation constant (as pKa) of salicylic acid was found to be 2.985 at 25 °C. Within the measured temperature range, there was no consistent association between the pKa of salicylic acid and the temperature. The pKa values exhibited an inverse relationship with temperatures between 15 and 40 °C, while they showed a direct relationship with temperatures between 40 and 60 °C. Through the use of the Van’t Hoff plot, the standard thermodynamic quantities (∆H°, ∆S°, and ∆G°) for the dissociation process of salicylic acid in water were calculated. For temperatures between 15 and 30 °C, these values were determined as 3.346 kJ·mol−1, − 19.99 JK−1·mol−1, and 9.306 kJ·mol−1 respectively. For the temperature range of 45 to 60 °C, the values were calculated as − 1.499 kJ·mol−1, − 27.06 kJ·K−1·mol−1, and 6.564 kJ·mol−1. The heat of solution (∆H