Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869060
A. Eckhardt, Sebastian Müller
At the SPS IPC Drives in Germany a joint working group between the leading automation manufacturers announced to work together on a set of vendor independent standards for the next generation of industrial communication products. This set of standards is based on OPC UA and Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) and shall be used throughout the automation pyramid. This work contributes to analyze the performance of OPC UA and TSN. Therefore, a test framework is implemented to measure the round trip time of a peer-to-peer communication. The round trip time is an important performance indicator for controller-to-controller and controller-to-field device use cases.
{"title":"Analysis of the Round Trip Time of OPC UA and TSN based Peer-to-Peer Communication","authors":"A. Eckhardt, Sebastian Müller","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869060","url":null,"abstract":"At the SPS IPC Drives in Germany a joint working group between the leading automation manufacturers announced to work together on a set of vendor independent standards for the next generation of industrial communication products. This set of standards is based on OPC UA and Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) and shall be used throughout the automation pyramid. This work contributes to analyze the performance of OPC UA and TSN. Therefore, a test framework is implemented to measure the round trip time of a peer-to-peer communication. The round trip time is an important performance indicator for controller-to-controller and controller-to-field device use cases.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"40 1","pages":"161-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89627339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/etfa.2019.8869065
{"title":"Computer Vision and Human-Machine Interaction in Industrial and Factory Automation [breaker page]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/etfa.2019.8869065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2019.8869065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89180408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869118
L. A. Ferreira, M. A. Souto, D. Fernández, Miguel Carmody, Jorge Cebreiros
Logistics racks used in the automotive sector for the transport and storage of the parts require a dimensional control with high requirements in terms of tolerance. The high measurement time and cost of commercial solutions leads to the development of more flexible options to deal with these lacks. Therefore, an industrial implementation based on different technologies is shown in this paper. The proposed solution is a novel development involving powerful and user-friendly interface, secure cloud environment, machine vision development and predictive ability. The prototype measures specific elements that compound a rack, by means of an interface based on Computer Aided Design (CAD) environment and a database stored in a cloud server capable of analyze the information through machine learning algorithms.
{"title":"Smart system for calibration of automotive racks in Logistics 4.0 based on CAD environment","authors":"L. A. Ferreira, M. A. Souto, D. Fernández, Miguel Carmody, Jorge Cebreiros","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869118","url":null,"abstract":"Logistics racks used in the automotive sector for the transport and storage of the parts require a dimensional control with high requirements in terms of tolerance. The high measurement time and cost of commercial solutions leads to the development of more flexible options to deal with these lacks. Therefore, an industrial implementation based on different technologies is shown in this paper. The proposed solution is a novel development involving powerful and user-friendly interface, secure cloud environment, machine vision development and predictive ability. The prototype measures specific elements that compound a rack, by means of an interface based on Computer Aided Design (CAD) environment and a database stored in a cloud server capable of analyze the information through machine learning algorithms.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"62 1","pages":"536-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87067400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869455
Jonathan Manrique Garay, C. Diedrich
Remaining Useful Life estimation based on stochastic methods has been widely used with successful results to forecast the first hitting time of a failure threshold on turbomachinery, as well as in navigation systems of real weapons. Nevertheless, not enough attention has been paid in the implementation in real production environments. Most of the Remaining Useful Life estimation methods implement an online adaption with each new data input, and with this they generate an updated estimation of the remaining useful life. However, given the conditions in the production, in some applications would be easier to generate an estimation based on remaining cycles before failure. Remaining cycles would be helpful to make maintenance decisions based on available produced parts, reducing undesired uncertainties generated by long pauses on the production bounded to human schedules. In this research, we implement Remaining Useful Life estimation on real production devices based on Bayesian prognosis, Wiener process, and Monte Carlo simulations. These methods are adjusted to deliver a result suitable for decision making in production environments. Moreover, a health score is implemented to generate an estimation only after some wear on the device is detected.
{"title":"Remaining Useful Life estimation for production devices in the automotive industry based on health threshold and cyclical data streaming","authors":"Jonathan Manrique Garay, C. Diedrich","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869455","url":null,"abstract":"Remaining Useful Life estimation based on stochastic methods has been widely used with successful results to forecast the first hitting time of a failure threshold on turbomachinery, as well as in navigation systems of real weapons. Nevertheless, not enough attention has been paid in the implementation in real production environments. Most of the Remaining Useful Life estimation methods implement an online adaption with each new data input, and with this they generate an updated estimation of the remaining useful life. However, given the conditions in the production, in some applications would be easier to generate an estimation based on remaining cycles before failure. Remaining cycles would be helpful to make maintenance decisions based on available produced parts, reducing undesired uncertainties generated by long pauses on the production bounded to human schedules. In this research, we implement Remaining Useful Life estimation on real production devices based on Bayesian prognosis, Wiener process, and Monte Carlo simulations. These methods are adjusted to deliver a result suitable for decision making in production environments. Moreover, a health score is implemented to generate an estimation only after some wear on the device is detected.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"12 1","pages":"910-915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87132316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869439
Z. Manjiyani, C. Iatrou, Markus Graube, L. Urbas
In recent years, the automation industry is moving towards Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems. There is an increasing demand for smarter plants and plant modules. In this paper, we are proposing an architecture for the open cognitive control system. This will provide the benefits of a control strategy based on the data analysis. With the possibility to connect with the cloud, this will enable easy updates and exchange of task modules that would ensure the system to keep up with the technological advancements. This will also improve the accuracy and lifetime of the automation system. To meet the requirements of flexibility, speed and reliability of the system, the architecture has been based on distributed and concurrent systems design. A detailed description of the architecture along with its challenges have been presented in this paper. A comparison of different implementation techniques for certain blocks has also been discussed.
{"title":"Open Cognitive Control System Architecture","authors":"Z. Manjiyani, C. Iatrou, Markus Graube, L. Urbas","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869439","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the automation industry is moving towards Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems. There is an increasing demand for smarter plants and plant modules. In this paper, we are proposing an architecture for the open cognitive control system. This will provide the benefits of a control strategy based on the data analysis. With the possibility to connect with the cloud, this will enable easy updates and exchange of task modules that would ensure the system to keep up with the technological advancements. This will also improve the accuracy and lifetime of the automation system. To meet the requirements of flexibility, speed and reliability of the system, the architecture has been based on distributed and concurrent systems design. A detailed description of the architecture along with its challenges have been presented in this paper. A comparison of different implementation techniques for certain blocks has also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"389 1","pages":"1673-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84997514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/etfa.2019.8869064
{"title":"Complex automation systems and systems engineering [breaker page]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/etfa.2019.8869064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2019.8869064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83892902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8868968
C. Iatrou, Heiner Bauer, Markus Graube, S. Höppner, Julian Rahm, L. Urbas
The fast semantics project examines the use of the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) in embedded industrial systems and proposes the design of a customizable, hard real time capable OPC UA Intellectual Property Core (IP Core) for single chip computing plattforms. This allows using OPC UA in both novel energy efficient sensor applications and in state of the art field devices. These single chip OPC UA servers form the semantic data sources for future applications such as cloud based added value services or machine learning applications. This article presents the design alternatives and first synthesis results for the implementation of OPC UA servers in embedded systems.
{"title":"Hard Real-Time Capable OPC UA Server as Hardware Peripheral for Single Chip IoT Systems","authors":"C. Iatrou, Heiner Bauer, Markus Graube, S. Höppner, Julian Rahm, L. Urbas","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8868968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8868968","url":null,"abstract":"The fast semantics project examines the use of the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) in embedded industrial systems and proposes the design of a customizable, hard real time capable OPC UA Intellectual Property Core (IP Core) for single chip computing plattforms. This allows using OPC UA in both novel energy efficient sensor applications and in state of the art field devices. These single chip OPC UA servers form the semantic data sources for future applications such as cloud based added value services or machine learning applications. This article presents the design alternatives and first synthesis results for the implementation of OPC UA servers in embedded systems.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"21 1","pages":"1631-1634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81665481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869241
Xiaolin Jiang, Michele Luvisotto, Zhibo Pang, C. Fischione
An innovative feature of the 5th Generation mobile network (5G) is to consider industrial applications as use cases for which its new radio access, 5G New Radio, aims to provide ultra low latency and ultra high reliability performance. These requirements are fulfilled by minimizing standard performance indicators such as end-to-end latency and packet error rate. However, industrial control applications typically require periodic exchange of small data, where the ability of networks to support short and deterministic cycle times is the main key performance indicator. This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the achievable cycle time of an industrial network deployed over the 5G New Radio specifications. Numerical results shows that 5G can achieve millisecond level cycle time with network size of several hundred, which is promising for many factory automation applications.
{"title":"Latency Performance of 5G New Radio for Critical Industrial Control Systems","authors":"Xiaolin Jiang, Michele Luvisotto, Zhibo Pang, C. Fischione","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869241","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative feature of the 5th Generation mobile network (5G) is to consider industrial applications as use cases for which its new radio access, 5G New Radio, aims to provide ultra low latency and ultra high reliability performance. These requirements are fulfilled by minimizing standard performance indicators such as end-to-end latency and packet error rate. However, industrial control applications typically require periodic exchange of small data, where the ability of networks to support short and deterministic cycle times is the main key performance indicator. This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the achievable cycle time of an industrial network deployed over the 5G New Radio specifications. Numerical results shows that 5G can achieve millisecond level cycle time with network size of several hundred, which is promising for many factory automation applications.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"69 1","pages":"1135-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78744055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869171
S. Azaiez, F. Tanguy, M. Engel
Semi-conductor industry have been handling for decades some of Industry 4.0 concepts mainly related to the remote control and the monitoring of the equipment and devices. In such industries, production jobs are launched on aggregated set of equipment responsible of the execution of the production process. Each equipment is controlled by a host. Such configurations allow the semi-conductor fabs to be highly flexible since jobs are not constrained to a single machine and a single machine can process several times the same product. SECS/GEM (SEMI Equipment Communications Standard/Generic Equipment Model) standards define the minimum specifications for the equipment/host interfaces. In this paper, we assess SECS/GEM standards against Industry 4.0 communication architecture OPC-UA. We show the complementarity between both standards and propose an approach to translate the specifications stacks of SECS/GEM standards towards OPC-UA information models. We first build UML models from which we generate services that must be exhibited by the host and the equipment interfaces and then we generate from these UML models specific OPC-UA address space model for SECS/GEM that will be deployed on OPC-UA servers and accessible by OPC-UA clients.
{"title":"Towards building OPC-UA companions for semi-conductor domain","authors":"S. Azaiez, F. Tanguy, M. Engel","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869171","url":null,"abstract":"Semi-conductor industry have been handling for decades some of Industry 4.0 concepts mainly related to the remote control and the monitoring of the equipment and devices. In such industries, production jobs are launched on aggregated set of equipment responsible of the execution of the production process. Each equipment is controlled by a host. Such configurations allow the semi-conductor fabs to be highly flexible since jobs are not constrained to a single machine and a single machine can process several times the same product. SECS/GEM (SEMI Equipment Communications Standard/Generic Equipment Model) standards define the minimum specifications for the equipment/host interfaces. In this paper, we assess SECS/GEM standards against Industry 4.0 communication architecture OPC-UA. We show the complementarity between both standards and propose an approach to translate the specifications stacks of SECS/GEM standards towards OPC-UA information models. We first build UML models from which we generate services that must be exhibited by the host and the equipment interfaces and then we generate from these UML models specific OPC-UA address space model for SECS/GEM that will be deployed on OPC-UA servers and accessible by OPC-UA clients.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"11 1","pages":"142-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78849247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869200
T. Tran, J. Thiriet, N. Marchand, A. Mrabti, G. Luculli
Nowadays, the market of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) develops progressively with a lot of applications such as: infrastructure monitoring, law enforcement, environment research, goods transportation, etc. However, due to the lack of human observation, communication capacities, and protection, a UAS is an appropriate target for a criminal or a terrorist cyber attack. Therefore, risks related to the cyber-security need to be taken into account during the development of a UAS. This document presents a risk management methodology related to cyber-security. The expected result of the application of this methodology is a list of cyber-security requirements which guides the development of cyber-security countermeasures.
{"title":"Methodology for risk management related to cyber-security of Unmanned Aircraft Systems","authors":"T. Tran, J. Thiriet, N. Marchand, A. Mrabti, G. Luculli","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869200","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the market of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) develops progressively with a lot of applications such as: infrastructure monitoring, law enforcement, environment research, goods transportation, etc. However, due to the lack of human observation, communication capacities, and protection, a UAS is an appropriate target for a criminal or a terrorist cyber attack. Therefore, risks related to the cyber-security need to be taken into account during the development of a UAS. This document presents a risk management methodology related to cyber-security. The expected result of the application of this methodology is a list of cyber-security requirements which guides the development of cyber-security countermeasures.","PeriodicalId":6682,"journal":{"name":"2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"29 1","pages":"695-702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85313626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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