Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201900827
W. Dai, Z. Xu, X. Cheng, K. Jiao, D. Vígh
Recent development of reverse time migration allows us to produce surface-offset gathers (SOGs) and opens the opportunity for amplitude-verse-offset analysis with a wave-equation-based migration method instead of traditional ray-based migration. We formulate an image-domain least-squares migration for surface-offset gathers to correct for limited acquisition aperture, geometric spreading, and velocity complexity. To approximate the Hessian, we start with a distribution of point scatterers in the model space, generate synthetic diffraction data with Born modelling, and migrate the data to produce corresponding point-spread functions in the form of surface-offset gathers. An image-domain inversion is then performed with these point-spread functions, as an approximate to the Hessian inverse. Numerical examples of the 3D synthetic elastic data are shown to illustrate the benefits of our method. After inversion, the SOGs clearly show consistent amplitudes to further offsets and better resolutions after compensating for acquisition aperture, geometric spreading, and velocity complexity.
{"title":"Image-Domain Least-Squares Migration for RTM Surface-Offset Gathers","authors":"W. Dai, Z. Xu, X. Cheng, K. Jiao, D. Vígh","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201900827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201900827","url":null,"abstract":"Recent development of reverse time migration allows us to produce surface-offset gathers (SOGs) and opens the opportunity for amplitude-verse-offset analysis with a wave-equation-based migration method instead of traditional ray-based migration. We formulate an image-domain least-squares migration for surface-offset gathers to correct for limited acquisition aperture, geometric spreading, and velocity complexity. To approximate the Hessian, we start with a distribution of point scatterers in the model space, generate synthetic diffraction data with Born modelling, and migrate the data to produce corresponding point-spread functions in the form of surface-offset gathers. An image-domain inversion is then performed with these point-spread functions, as an approximate to the Hessian inverse. Numerical examples of the 3D synthetic elastic data are shown to illustrate the benefits of our method. After inversion, the SOGs clearly show consistent amplitudes to further offsets and better resolutions after compensating for acquisition aperture, geometric spreading, and velocity complexity.","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75362464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901473
A. Mantilla, P. Szafián, R. Bell
Reservoir characterisation using advanced seismic techniques can mitigate risk and enhance hydrocarbon exploration. This study presents an integrated reservoir characterisation of the Triassic Mungaroo Formation in the Yellowglen-Chandon gas discoveries based on formation evaluation, structural analysis, and stratigraphic expression using wireline log interpretation, core description, a synthesis of regional studies, application of structural and stratigraphic seismic multi-attribute analysis, and development of high-definition frequency decomposition. An initial stage of data conditioning covered noise cancellation and spectral enhancement. The stratigraphic analysis from frequency decomposition and attribute combination revealed the position and geometries of fluvial channels, the main reservoir architectural element. Iso-proportional slicing confirmed the presence of these geo-bodies throughout the vertical extent of the reservoir and supported the reconstruction of the tectonostratigraphic history. Characterisation involved the identification of hydrocarbon accumulations. Rock-physics and seismic forward modelling tested the veracity of these identified accumulations and corroborated their existence. Forward modelling is indeed effective in predicting the frequency response of new prospect geobodies in undrilled areas, by establishing reasonable assumptions of elastic properties and gas saturation values. The end product was the identification of issues and strengths regarding the petroleum system elements and the comparison between Chevron volumetrics and the ones derived by this study.
{"title":"Integrated Reservoir Characterisation Using High Definition Frequency Decomposition, Multiattribute Analysis and Forward Modelling. Chandon Discovery, Australia","authors":"A. Mantilla, P. Szafián, R. Bell","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901473","url":null,"abstract":"Reservoir characterisation using advanced seismic techniques can mitigate risk and enhance hydrocarbon exploration. This study presents an integrated reservoir characterisation of the Triassic Mungaroo Formation in the Yellowglen-Chandon gas discoveries based on formation evaluation, structural analysis, and stratigraphic expression using wireline log interpretation, core description, a synthesis of regional studies, application of structural and stratigraphic seismic multi-attribute analysis, and development of high-definition frequency decomposition.\u0000An initial stage of data conditioning covered noise cancellation and spectral enhancement. The stratigraphic analysis from frequency decomposition and attribute combination revealed the position and geometries of fluvial channels, the main reservoir architectural element. Iso-proportional slicing confirmed the presence of these geo-bodies throughout the vertical extent of the reservoir and supported the reconstruction of the tectonostratigraphic history.\u0000Characterisation involved the identification of hydrocarbon accumulations. Rock-physics and seismic forward modelling tested the veracity of these identified accumulations and corroborated their existence. Forward modelling is indeed effective in predicting the frequency response of new prospect geobodies in undrilled areas, by establishing reasonable assumptions of elastic properties and gas saturation values. The end product was the identification of issues and strengths regarding the petroleum system elements and the comparison between Chevron volumetrics and the ones derived by this study.","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75476192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901604
E. Rossi, S. Jamali, M. Saar, R. Rohr
{"title":"Laboratory and Field Investigation of a Combined Thermo-Mechanical Technology to Enhance Deep Geothermal Drilling","authors":"E. Rossi, S. Jamali, M. Saar, R. Rohr","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74198782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901404
T. Dean, H. Nguyen
In a previous paper we described how a small electromagnetic vibrator could be manufactured using commercially available components for less than $US2,000. The basis of the unit was a set of four low-frequency actuators designed for use in home-theatre systems. In this paper we describe a new unit with the number of actuators increased from four to ten and improved quality electronic components. The maximum output of the vibrator, as measured using load-cells, was more than 10 kN; when operating the unit in the field we noticed that the weight of the vehicle was not sufficient to prevent it decoupling. Variation between the load-cell and accelerometer measurements, consistent with similar studies conducted using hydraulic vibrators, suggests that the new unit has considerable potential as a research tool looking at issues such as baseplate flexure. A VSP acquired using distributed acoustic sensing showed signal to a depth of 850 m for a single sweep.
{"title":"Turning it up to 11: A 10 kN Electromagnetic Vibrator for Downhole and Near-Surface Applications","authors":"T. Dean, H. Nguyen","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901404","url":null,"abstract":"In a previous paper we described how a small electromagnetic vibrator could be manufactured using commercially available components for less than $US2,000. The basis of the unit was a set of four low-frequency actuators designed for use in home-theatre systems. In this paper we describe a new unit with the number of actuators increased from four to ten and improved quality electronic components. \u0000The maximum output of the vibrator, as measured using load-cells, was more than 10 kN; when operating the unit in the field we noticed that the weight of the vehicle was not sufficient to prevent it decoupling. Variation between the load-cell and accelerometer measurements, consistent with similar studies conducted using hydraulic vibrators, suggests that the new unit has considerable potential as a research tool looking at issues such as baseplate flexure. A VSP acquired using distributed acoustic sensing showed signal to a depth of 850 m for a single sweep.","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74333576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901175
W. Wei, Z. Dong-hong, W. Kui, K. Lin, L. Yaojun
{"title":"Quantitative Characterization of Faults Based on Angle of the Dip, Dip and Structural Bearing Attributes","authors":"W. Wei, Z. Dong-hong, W. Kui, K. Lin, L. Yaojun","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72566258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901537
B. Zhou, Y. Wang, S. Greemhalgh, X. Liu
{"title":"Frequency-Domain Wavefield Differences and Conversion Between 2.5D and 2D Seismic Wave Modelling in Elastic Anisotropic Media","authors":"B. Zhou, Y. Wang, S. Greemhalgh, X. Liu","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78718880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901212
B. Osdal, M. Haverl
{"title":"4D AVO Analysis for Pressure and Water flooding Discrimination on Norne Field","authors":"B. Osdal, M. Haverl","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78749659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901400
A. Lapteva, G. Loginov, A. Duchkov, S. Alyamkin
Summary Due to the large volumes of seismic in the industry, there is a constant effort to develop automatic or semi-automatic tools for picking horizons, faults etc. The variety of convolution neural networks proposed for automatic interpretation of seismic images, especially for faults detection. In this paper, we test different CNN models for faults detection and derive the key neural network parameters that influence on the faults localization. We aim to derive the CNN parameters, that allows to detect thin area of the fault and balanced detection of the unmarked faults. We provide the experiments on the open F3 Northen Block dataset, which is popular for benchmarking of the machine learning solutions in seismic interpretation. The best of the tested models allows to highlight the unmarked faults. The accuracy of this model for test and validation dataset is 0.97/0.96, precision, recall and f1 score for faults and background classes are 0.55/0.87, 1.00/0.98, 0.68/0.99, the Jaccard similarity score is 0.94.
由于行业中地震数据量很大，人们一直在努力开发自动或半自动的工具来采集层位、断层等。各种卷积神经网络被提出用于地震图像的自动解释，特别是断层检测。在本文中，我们测试了不同的CNN模型用于故障检测，并得出了影响故障定位的关键神经网络参数。我们的目标是推导出CNN参数，允许检测故障的薄区域和平衡检测未标记的故障。我们在开放的F3 north Block数据集上进行了实验，该数据集在地震解释中的机器学习解决方案的基准测试中很受欢迎。经过测试的最好的模型可以突出显示未标记的错误。该模型对测试和验证数据集的准确率为0.97/0.96，对故障和背景类的精密度、召回率和f1得分分别为0.55/0.87、1.00/0.98、0.68/0.99,Jaccard相似度得分为0.94。
{"title":"The Comparison of Convolution Neural Networkы for Localized Capturing Detection of Faults on Seismic Images","authors":"A. Lapteva, G. Loginov, A. Duchkov, S. Alyamkin","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901400","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Due to the large volumes of seismic in the industry, there is a constant effort to develop automatic or semi-automatic tools for picking horizons, faults etc. The variety of convolution neural networks proposed for automatic interpretation of seismic images, especially for faults detection. In this paper, we test different CNN models for faults detection and derive the key neural network parameters that influence on the faults localization. We aim to derive the CNN parameters, that allows to detect thin area of the fault and balanced detection of the unmarked faults. We provide the experiments on the open F3 Northen Block dataset, which is popular for benchmarking of the machine learning solutions in seismic interpretation. The best of the tested models allows to highlight the unmarked faults. The accuracy of this model for test and validation dataset is 0.97/0.96, precision, recall and f1 score for faults and background classes are 0.55/0.87, 1.00/0.98, 0.68/0.99, the Jaccard similarity score is 0.94.","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78247111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201901002
Yiming Li, T. Alkhalifah
Summary Extended waveform inversion provides an effective way to mitigate cycle skipping that usually occurs in conventional full waveform inversion (FWI), resulting in an inaccurate local minimum model. A matching filter between the predicted and observed data can provide an additional degree of freedom to avoid the cycle skipping. We extend the search space to treat the matching filter as an independent variable that we use to bring the compared data within a half cycle to obtain accurate direction of velocity updates. In this case, the objective function with a reasonable penalty parameter has a larger region of convexity compared to conventional FWI. The normalization of the data can bring us an equivalent normalization of the filter, and a more effective convergence. A Marmousi example demonstrates these features.
{"title":"Matching-Filter Based Extended Full Waveform Inversion","authors":"Yiming Li, T. Alkhalifah","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.201901002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901002","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Extended waveform inversion provides an effective way to mitigate cycle skipping that usually occurs in conventional full waveform inversion (FWI), resulting in an inaccurate local minimum model. A matching filter between the predicted and observed data can provide an additional degree of freedom to avoid the cycle skipping. We extend the search space to treat the matching filter as an independent variable that we use to bring the compared data within a half cycle to obtain accurate direction of velocity updates. In this case, the objective function with a reasonable penalty parameter has a larger region of convexity compared to conventional FWI. The normalization of the data can bring us an equivalent normalization of the filter, and a more effective convergence. A Marmousi example demonstrates these features.","PeriodicalId":6840,"journal":{"name":"81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75001604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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