Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033091
J. H. Leong
Design methodology and consideration for 6/4 switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive are presented. The initial geometries of the machine are estimated using a series of empirical rules. Due to the complex geometry of the doubly salient structure and the highly nonlinear nature of the motor, a detailed analysis of the electromagnetic performance of SRM is essential to fine-tune the preliminary design. Static electromagnetic modeling alone without considering the electrical transient operation of the motor is insufficient to predict the performance of the motor. Hence, a simulation model of SRM, which takes into account the nonlinear magnetization data obtained from finite element (FE) analysis, is built to study the dynamic behavior of the motor. The final design of the SRM, and its associated power converter and controller, have been prototyped. Various tests have been carried out and the measured results show that the prototype works as expected.
{"title":"Design consideration and implementation of switched reluctance motor drive","authors":"J. H. Leong","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033091","url":null,"abstract":"Design methodology and consideration for 6/4 switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive are presented. The initial geometries of the machine are estimated using a series of empirical rules. Due to the complex geometry of the doubly salient structure and the highly nonlinear nature of the motor, a detailed analysis of the electromagnetic performance of SRM is essential to fine-tune the preliminary design. Static electromagnetic modeling alone without considering the electrical transient operation of the motor is insufficient to predict the performance of the motor. Hence, a simulation model of SRM, which takes into account the nonlinear magnetization data obtained from finite element (FE) analysis, is built to study the dynamic behavior of the motor. The final design of the SRM, and its associated power converter and controller, have been prototyped. Various tests have been carried out and the measured results show that the prototype works as expected.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"2 1","pages":"196-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84160379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033138
M. L. Sim, H. T. Chuah
In cellular WCDMA systems, power control is used to assist the receiver to achieve minimum signal power deviation from its desired mean value. By minimising the signal power variation, the desired bit error rate of the desired user can be achieved while causing minimum interference to other multiple access users. We investigate two power control algorithms. Namely, the conventional fixed step-size power control algorithm and the newly proposed adaptive step-size algorithm. Simulations on a frequency selective fading, L-resolvable multipaths reverse link system were carried out. Lastly, results in terms of bit error probability for the above mentioned algorithms were presented.
{"title":"Performance of power control algorithms in wideband CDMA systems","authors":"M. L. Sim, H. T. Chuah","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033138","url":null,"abstract":"In cellular WCDMA systems, power control is used to assist the receiver to achieve minimum signal power deviation from its desired mean value. By minimising the signal power variation, the desired bit error rate of the desired user can be achieved while causing minimum interference to other multiple access users. We investigate two power control algorithms. Namely, the conventional fixed step-size power control algorithm and the newly proposed adaptive step-size algorithm. Simulations on a frequency selective fading, L-resolvable multipaths reverse link system were carried out. Lastly, results in terms of bit error probability for the above mentioned algorithms were presented.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"1 1","pages":"382-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81690125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033122
K. Mohammadi, A. Monfared, A. M. Nejad
This paper presents a method for analog circuit fault diagnosis by using neural networks. This method exploits a DC approach for constructing a dictionary in fault diagnosis using the neural network's classification capability. Also, Radial Basis Function (RBF) and backward error propagation (BEP) networks are considered and compared for analog fault diagnosis. The primary focus of the paper is to provide robust diagnosis using a mechanism to deal with the problem of component tolerance and reduce testing time. Simulation results show that the radial basis function network with reasonable dimension has double precision in fault classification but its classification is local, while the backward error propagation network with reasonable dimension has single precision in fault classification but its classification is global.
{"title":"Fault diagnosis of analog circuits with tolerances by using RBF and BP neural networks","authors":"K. Mohammadi, A. Monfared, A. M. Nejad","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for analog circuit fault diagnosis by using neural networks. This method exploits a DC approach for constructing a dictionary in fault diagnosis using the neural network's classification capability. Also, Radial Basis Function (RBF) and backward error propagation (BEP) networks are considered and compared for analog fault diagnosis. The primary focus of the paper is to provide robust diagnosis using a mechanism to deal with the problem of component tolerance and reduce testing time. Simulation results show that the radial basis function network with reasonable dimension has double precision in fault classification but its classification is local, while the backward error propagation network with reasonable dimension has single precision in fault classification but its classification is global.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"4 1","pages":"317-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81859762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033149
Z. Zakaria, S. M. Bashi, N. Mailah, M. R. Othman, H. Osman
This paper describes the analytical and the experimental responses of the surges strike on the transmission line towers. A new method of calculating transmission tower surge response has been proposed. It has been found that the tower surge response calculated by the proposed method has a close agreement with the measured tower surge response obtained from scale model and field tests. Without the use of simulation program, this topic might be difficult to understand. PSCAD/EMTDC has been selected as the software used to generate the appropriate data needed to graphically demonstrate this phenomenon.
{"title":"Simulation of lightning surges on tower transmission using PSCAD/EMTDC: A comparative study","authors":"Z. Zakaria, S. M. Bashi, N. Mailah, M. R. Othman, H. Osman","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033149","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the analytical and the experimental responses of the surges strike on the transmission line towers. A new method of calculating transmission tower surge response has been proposed. It has been found that the tower surge response calculated by the proposed method has a close agreement with the measured tower surge response obtained from scale model and field tests. Without the use of simulation program, this topic might be difficult to understand. PSCAD/EMTDC has been selected as the software used to generate the appropriate data needed to graphically demonstrate this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"24 1","pages":"426-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82435362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033130
S. Y. Koay, A. Ramli, Y. P. Lew, V. Prakash, R. Ali
This paper presents the steps involved in processing the output image obtained from image subtraction. A Web camera or Web cam is used as a video clip capture device and MATLAB version 6.01 with Image Processing Toolbox is used as the analysis software. Image frames extracted from the video clips undergo image subtraction for motion detection purposes. The continuous steps presented in this paper are thresholding, noise removal and motion region estimation. Thresholding determines the areas of output images (from subtraction) consisting of pixels with values lying within the threshold value range. Threshold value also indicates the sensitivity of motion to detection. The image still contains a small amount of noise after thresholding. Noise is removed using a median filtering method. Motion region estimation is done by executing an AND or OR operation on two subtracted images from three successive frames. Both the output image from AND and OR operations will estimate the motion region in a different time frame.
{"title":"A motion region estimation technique for Web camera application","authors":"S. Y. Koay, A. Ramli, Y. P. Lew, V. Prakash, R. Ali","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033130","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the steps involved in processing the output image obtained from image subtraction. A Web camera or Web cam is used as a video clip capture device and MATLAB version 6.01 with Image Processing Toolbox is used as the analysis software. Image frames extracted from the video clips undergo image subtraction for motion detection purposes. The continuous steps presented in this paper are thresholding, noise removal and motion region estimation. Thresholding determines the areas of output images (from subtraction) consisting of pixels with values lying within the threshold value range. Threshold value also indicates the sensitivity of motion to detection. The image still contains a small amount of noise after thresholding. Noise is removed using a median filtering method. Motion region estimation is done by executing an AND or OR operation on two subtracted images from three successive frames. Both the output image from AND and OR operations will estimate the motion region in a different time frame.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"28 1","pages":"352-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83664377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033131
Q. Salih, A. Ramly
In this paper, we present an application of the bicubic filter for interpolation of medical images. Our method is based multi-scale medical image interpolation for zooming images. Magnetic resonance "MR" scans diffusion imaging of the brain. Images based on these parameters show potential for use in the differentiation of gray and white matter, edema, and tumor. A bicubic filter was implemented to recognize the tumor in digital images of the brain. This paper describes the basic achievement in the detection of tumors in medical images. The basic concept is that local textures in the images can reveal the typical regularities of the biological structures. The analysis of the level of correction has permitted us to decrease the number of the features to only the significant components. The level of recognition is among three possible types of image area: tumor non-tumor and background. The essential characteristics of the bicubic such as high resolution and accuracy, are exploited to distinguish between the three features. In fact, the concept of distinguishing normal and tumor tissue with MR imaging goes back to the contrast agents, who described substantial differences between normal and cancerous tissue. In gray scale images the determination of the tumor margin based on contrast margin in MRI images makes an unclear view for normal brain tissue and tumor tissue. Multi-scale images are required for obtaining the detection accuracy of the MRI view.
{"title":"Multi-scale zooming of medical image using bicubic filter","authors":"Q. Salih, A. Ramly","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033131","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an application of the bicubic filter for interpolation of medical images. Our method is based multi-scale medical image interpolation for zooming images. Magnetic resonance \"MR\" scans diffusion imaging of the brain. Images based on these parameters show potential for use in the differentiation of gray and white matter, edema, and tumor. A bicubic filter was implemented to recognize the tumor in digital images of the brain. This paper describes the basic achievement in the detection of tumors in medical images. The basic concept is that local textures in the images can reveal the typical regularities of the biological structures. The analysis of the level of correction has permitted us to decrease the number of the features to only the significant components. The level of recognition is among three possible types of image area: tumor non-tumor and background. The essential characteristics of the bicubic such as high resolution and accuracy, are exploited to distinguish between the three features. In fact, the concept of distinguishing normal and tumor tissue with MR imaging goes back to the contrast agents, who described substantial differences between normal and cancerous tissue. In gray scale images the determination of the tumor margin based on contrast margin in MRI images makes an unclear view for normal brain tissue and tumor tissue. Multi-scale images are required for obtaining the detection accuracy of the MRI view.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"61 1","pages":"356-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86288778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033162
S. Nor, M. Yusof
This technical paper presents aspects of Web-based applications using JavaScript (JScript) and Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript). By integrating JScript and VBScript into HTML pages, it can make elements of the Web page respond to user action. This paper focused on developing a Web site about loans, specifically national car loans through an intranet or the Internet using any Web browser. The function of this system is to assist users in evaluate their bank loan. This will serve as guidance for users before they apply directly to any bank in Malaysia. This system will directly reduce the cost and time that a user needs to obtain information from each dealer.
{"title":"Loan assessment through Internet","authors":"S. Nor, M. Yusof","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033162","url":null,"abstract":"This technical paper presents aspects of Web-based applications using JavaScript (JScript) and Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript). By integrating JScript and VBScript into HTML pages, it can make elements of the Web page respond to user action. This paper focused on developing a Web site about loans, specifically national car loans through an intranet or the Internet using any Web browser. The function of this system is to assist users in evaluate their bank loan. This will serve as guidance for users before they apply directly to any bank in Malaysia. This system will directly reduce the cost and time that a user needs to obtain information from each dealer.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"27 1","pages":"480-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85703674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033063
Chin Kui Fern, M. K. Suaidi
Boolean function simplification is the art of exploiting simplification opportunities that exist inherently in logical structures by using the identities that exist within that algebra or reducing the number of roots in separate equations that, in its turn, leads to decreasing the number of variables in a considered system, the number of equations and time complexity. This paper studies the definition, characteristics and implementation of a minimization algorithm originally presented by Fiser and Hlavieka (2000). It is suitable for Boolean functions, whose values are defined only for a small part of their range. They were programmed in C++ and extensive experimental results, which were conducted with a set of standard LGSynth93 benchmarks, are discussed.
{"title":"Simplification of Boolean function based on simplification rules","authors":"Chin Kui Fern, M. K. Suaidi","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033063","url":null,"abstract":"Boolean function simplification is the art of exploiting simplification opportunities that exist inherently in logical structures by using the identities that exist within that algebra or reducing the number of roots in separate equations that, in its turn, leads to decreasing the number of variables in a considered system, the number of equations and time complexity. This paper studies the definition, characteristics and implementation of a minimization algorithm originally presented by Fiser and Hlavieka (2000). It is suitable for Boolean functions, whose values are defined only for a small part of their range. They were programmed in C++ and extensive experimental results, which were conducted with a set of standard LGSynth93 benchmarks, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"224 1","pages":"87-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85949919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033123
M. Mosavi, K. Mohammadi
We study a way of using a low cost GPS receiver for position determination and propose a neural network for better positioning accuracy. First we define the GPS system errors. Then measuring the components of the position errors, a real and dynamic pattern of the errors is created and feed into the neural networks. These neural networks are taught with such real data to predict the errors of later seconds. The stages of neural networks implementation and the result of the tests are stated with real data. They show the errors of the position components decrease due to the training of the neural networks.
{"title":"Improve the position accuracy on low cost GPS receiver with adaptive neural networks","authors":"M. Mosavi, K. Mohammadi","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033123","url":null,"abstract":"We study a way of using a low cost GPS receiver for position determination and propose a neural network for better positioning accuracy. First we define the GPS system errors. Then measuring the components of the position errors, a real and dynamic pattern of the errors is created and feed into the neural networks. These neural networks are taught with such real data to predict the errors of later seconds. The stages of neural networks implementation and the result of the tests are stated with real data. They show the errors of the position components decrease due to the training of the neural networks.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"220 1","pages":"322-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89380785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033148
Z. Akma Rhazali, M. Ismail, K. Jumari
Signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) is a major limitation factor in cellular radio systems. Capacity, coverage and quality are general key drivers in deploying any wireless system and they are all a function of SIR. Expanding capacity through conventional methods such as deploying new cell sites or new equipment upgrading is expensive and not always effective as it will introduce more interference in the current network. With the emerging of smart antenna technology, some performance improvement over conventional cellular systems is expected. This paper studies the use of a switched beam smart antenna system in a mobile communication system for reducing cochannel interference. Simulation has been carried out for the GSM cellular system employing various antenna techniques such as omnidirectional, directional and switched beam smart antenna. SIR performances are analyzed and results are compared with those obtained when omnidirectional and directional antenna patterns are used in base stations. SIR improvement of at least 6 dB throughout the network is achieved when the switched beam smart antenna technique is applied in the system.
{"title":"Simulation of signal-to-interference ratio performance in GSM system employing switched beam smart antenna system","authors":"Z. Akma Rhazali, M. Ismail, K. Jumari","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2002.1033148","url":null,"abstract":"Signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) is a major limitation factor in cellular radio systems. Capacity, coverage and quality are general key drivers in deploying any wireless system and they are all a function of SIR. Expanding capacity through conventional methods such as deploying new cell sites or new equipment upgrading is expensive and not always effective as it will introduce more interference in the current network. With the emerging of smart antenna technology, some performance improvement over conventional cellular systems is expected. This paper studies the use of a switched beam smart antenna system in a mobile communication system for reducing cochannel interference. Simulation has been carried out for the GSM cellular system employing various antenna techniques such as omnidirectional, directional and switched beam smart antenna. SIR performances are analyzed and results are compared with those obtained when omnidirectional and directional antenna patterns are used in base stations. SIR improvement of at least 6 dB throughout the network is achieved when the switched beam smart antenna technique is applied in the system.","PeriodicalId":6865,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"25 1","pages":"422-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87885758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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