Acta medica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae最新文献

The pH was studied in pancreatic tissue and arterial blood in 22 dogs. Respiratory acidosis was induced by CO2 inhalations in 5 dogs, respiratory alkalosis by hyperventilation in 5 dogs, metabolic acidosis by intravenous(i.v.) infusion of 0.1 N HCl in 5 dogs, metabolic alkalosis by i.v. infusion of 4.2% Na bicarbonate in 5 dogs. The differences between the shifts of blood pH and tissue pH were not significant statistically. Infusion of Ringer's solution failed to affect the pH in blood and pancreatic tissue in two control animals. It is concluded, that with an adequate tissue blood flow the pancreatic tissue pH is uninformative unless the blood pH is known.

The inhibitory effect of atropine on the gastric mucosal damage produced by topical aspirin has been studied in the rat, in the presence and in the absence of intragastrically applied 160 mmole/l HCl. The gastric mucosal damage was produced by aspirin given intragastrically in doses of 192 mg/kg. The topical application was done alone or in the presence of 160 mmole/l HCl. The ulcer incidence, the number and size of gastric mucosal damage were studied during 4 h. The aspirin solutions were administered with or without atropine (in doses of 4 and 10 mg/kg). The atropine was added immediately after the administration of aspirin. The results were as follows 1. A dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer incidence, number and size of gastric mucosal damage was produced by atropine in both groups of animals, when the aspirin was given alone or together with 160 mmole/l HCl; 2. The inhibitory effect of atropine was significantly weaker in the group treated with aspirin plus 160 mmole/l HCl than in th aspirin-treated group. It has been concluded the ulcer-preventing effect of atropine is mediated partly through the inhibition of gastric H+ secretion, and partly some "cytoprotective effect"; the extent of the "cytoprotective effect" of atropine was about half that on gastric H+ secretion.

Studies on isolated canine jejunal loops revealed that hypertonic solutions of triiodinated contrast media produce a significant increase in intestinal blood flow together with a significant elevation of intraluminal pressure. The effect involves two factors, hyperosmolality and the nature of the medium itself.

Human vascular tissue antigens were administered to guinea pigs for the study of humoral immune responses and of the microscopic and ultrastructural features of the changes produced in the aorta and liver. Immunization was followed by a definite humoral reaction. The passive haemagglutination test gave a cross reaction between the two antigenic effects. Histologic, immunofluorescent and electron microscopic studies revealed changes in the intima and the liver structure. IgG-containing immunocomplexes were demonstrable by means of ferritin-labelled monospecific antiserum in the aortic endothelium and hepatocytes.

An increased percentage of intracellular immunoglobulin containing-polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes was found in patients with elevated level of circulating immune complexes. A more pronounced increase of positive cells was observed when PMN leukocytes of normal controls or patients were incubated in the presence of serum derived from patients with an elevated level of circulating immune complexes. Sera from patients with a normal immune complex level did not cause such an increase. Since both autologous and allogeneic serum (with higher immune complex levels) increased the percentage of positive cells of patients with elevated circulating immune complex levels, it is not likely that a "saturated" state would occur in these patients.

Rats subjected to inhalation of 3500 ppm o-xylene for 6 weeks were found to increase their body-weight at a lower rate than did the controls, despite an increased food and fluid intake, and to develop hepatic enlargement. Post mortem studies revealed no other abnormality. The distribution of the hepatocellular nuclei according to size was, however, modified. The proportion of large nuclei was higher in the test animals than in the controls, and the number of cells per unit area was lower, as a sign of cellular hypertrophy. Electron microscopic studies revealed a loss of glycogen, and increase of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and of peroxisomes. These changes which are typical of the adaptational phase of poisoning may be connected with the induction of the mixed function oxidase system. Enzyme histochemical and ultrastructural studies also revealed a slight hepatocellular damage.

Monocyte chemotaxis and its response to levamisole were studied in patients with Hodgkin's disease. Levamisole caused a significant improvement of the deficient monocyte chemotaxis of the patients. By enhancing monocyte functions including chemotaxis, levamisole may contribute to the improvement of cellular immune reactivity, thus increasing the resistance to infections and prolonging the periods of remission.

Ten drugs were measured for the rate of buccal absorption and examined for the relationships between the rate constant for absorption and molecular physicochemical parameters. On the ground of the results the molecular dipole moment seems to provide more reliable information on the rate constant of buccal absorption than does the water-lipid partition coefficient or the diffusion constant. Additional perfusion studies on isolated gut were also performed in some cases. A mathematical model was developed for the calculation of the rate constants for those cases in which pH of the system changes linearly with the logarithm of time.

This paper briefly describes the techniques available for evaluation of conduction in our catheterization laboratory. The application of the technique for recording His-bundle potentials has greatly enhanced our understanding of rhythm and conduction disturbances and has provided useful and important information in the management of atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction disorders.