Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627348
Adrián Stacul, Daniel Pastafiglia, Ariel Dalmas Di Giovanni, M. Morales, G. Nicora, M. Rubinstein
At present, data on atmospheric parameters are used in climatology, engineering, weather forecasting, agriculture, and other fields of research and applied science. In 2013, a group of researchers, including Dr. Gabriela Nicora, Prof. Marcos Rubinstein, Prof. Vernon Cooray, Prof. Francisco Román, and Prof. Farhad Rachidi declared themselves in favor of the development of an inexpensive sensor network, called AKUNU, which has for objective to collect atmospheric data in low- and middle-income countries. From the first prototypes, a data acquisition system was developed that records the electric field generated by a return stroke from a lightning using low-cost electronics. This was achieved between the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HEIG-VD) and the Institute of Scientific and Technical Research for Defense (CITEDEF of Argentina), where the Digital Techniques laboratory in conjunction with the Atmosphere laboratory continues and expands this research field with the development of a network of sensors to capture the electric field from atmospheric discharges, and of software applications for its analysis.
{"title":"AKUNU Atmospheric Network as Part of the GeoRays Project in Argentina","authors":"Adrián Stacul, Daniel Pastafiglia, Ariel Dalmas Di Giovanni, M. Morales, G. Nicora, M. Rubinstein","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627348","url":null,"abstract":"At present, data on atmospheric parameters are used in climatology, engineering, weather forecasting, agriculture, and other fields of research and applied science. In 2013, a group of researchers, including Dr. Gabriela Nicora, Prof. Marcos Rubinstein, Prof. Vernon Cooray, Prof. Francisco Román, and Prof. Farhad Rachidi declared themselves in favor of the development of an inexpensive sensor network, called AKUNU, which has for objective to collect atmospheric data in low- and middle-income countries. From the first prototypes, a data acquisition system was developed that records the electric field generated by a return stroke from a lightning using low-cost electronics. This was achieved between the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HEIG-VD) and the Institute of Scientific and Technical Research for Defense (CITEDEF of Argentina), where the Digital Techniques laboratory in conjunction with the Atmosphere laboratory continues and expands this research field with the development of a network of sensors to capture the electric field from atmospheric discharges, and of software applications for its analysis.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82582314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627433
A. Leal
Lightning return-stroke peak current is one of the most important parameters for lightning protection purposes. It can be directly measured in instrumented tower facilities or using artificial-initiated lightning. Lightning peak currents can be also estimated using field-to-current empirical formulas. These formulas use the electric field peak radiation and distance between the lightning channel and the measuring station to estimate lightning peak currents. In this work, we use wideband electric fields (160 Hz -10 MHz) and acoustic measurements of 54 negative cloud to ground flashes to estimate lightning strike distance and lightning return-stoke peak currents remotely. We use the time-to-thunder method to determine the lightning strike distance. We compare our results for distance and peak current estimations with data reported by the Earth Networks Global Lightning Network (ENGLN).
{"title":"Remote measurements of lightning return stroke peak currents based on electric and acoustic signals","authors":"A. Leal","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627433","url":null,"abstract":"Lightning return-stroke peak current is one of the most important parameters for lightning protection purposes. It can be directly measured in instrumented tower facilities or using artificial-initiated lightning. Lightning peak currents can be also estimated using field-to-current empirical formulas. These formulas use the electric field peak radiation and distance between the lightning channel and the measuring station to estimate lightning peak currents. In this work, we use wideband electric fields (160 Hz -10 MHz) and acoustic measurements of 54 negative cloud to ground flashes to estimate lightning strike distance and lightning return-stoke peak currents remotely. We use the time-to-thunder method to determine the lightning strike distance. We compare our results for distance and peak current estimations with data reported by the Earth Networks Global Lightning Network (ENGLN).","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89630875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627431
Z. Ding, S. Chen, V. Rakov, Y. Zhu, I. Kereszy, M. Uman
Using electric field records obtained at the Lightning Observatory in Gainesville (LOG), Florida, we examined in detail the characteristics of far electric field waveforms produced by RTL (rocket-triggered lightning) and natural cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning. Electric field waveforms of 139 return strokes in flashes triggered by a rocket extending a grounded wire toward the overhead thundercloud in years 2013 to 2016 and 184 subsequent return strokes in natural lightning flashes from years 2013 to 2015 are used for this analysis. All strokes transported negative charge to ground. Similarities and dissimilarities of waveform parameters are examined and discussed. This is the first detailed comparison of electric field waveforms of RTL strokes and subsequent strokes in natural CGs recorded at approximately the same distance (some tens of kilometers) and by the same instrumentation.
{"title":"Comparison of Far Electric Field Waveforms Produced by Rocket-Triggered Lightning Strokes and Subsequent Strokes in Natural Lightning","authors":"Z. Ding, S. Chen, V. Rakov, Y. Zhu, I. Kereszy, M. Uman","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627431","url":null,"abstract":"Using electric field records obtained at the Lightning Observatory in Gainesville (LOG), Florida, we examined in detail the characteristics of far electric field waveforms produced by RTL (rocket-triggered lightning) and natural cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning. Electric field waveforms of 139 return strokes in flashes triggered by a rocket extending a grounded wire toward the overhead thundercloud in years 2013 to 2016 and 184 subsequent return strokes in natural lightning flashes from years 2013 to 2015 are used for this analysis. All strokes transported negative charge to ground. Similarities and dissimilarities of waveform parameters are examined and discussed. This is the first detailed comparison of electric field waveforms of RTL strokes and subsequent strokes in natural CGs recorded at approximately the same distance (some tens of kilometers) and by the same instrumentation.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81244028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627450
K. Yamashita, Hironobu Fujisaka, H. Iwasaki, Kakeru Kanno, M. Hayakawa
This paper presents a methodology to estimate the quantity and location of charges in an isolated cloud based on multipoint measurements of electrostatic fields on the ground. We have newly designed and fabricated an electric field mill (EFM) and constructed an EFM network in Tochigi and Gunma prefectures, Japan. It is difficult to understand the relationship between variations of surface electrostatic field and charge distribution in the cloud. In our observation, a single cell thundercloud is focused on to assume a simple charge model inside the cloud and to simplify the calculation of the quantity and height of the point charge in the cloud. In this paper, by assuming a point charge model in the cloud, amount and height of charge in an isolated storm is estimated as an initial result. We also summarize details of the developed sensor system and the method of calibration for sensors in our EFM network.
{"title":"Construction of an Electrostatic Sensor Network to Estimate Total Charge in an Isolated Thundercloud","authors":"K. Yamashita, Hironobu Fujisaka, H. Iwasaki, Kakeru Kanno, M. Hayakawa","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627450","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology to estimate the quantity and location of charges in an isolated cloud based on multipoint measurements of electrostatic fields on the ground. We have newly designed and fabricated an electric field mill (EFM) and constructed an EFM network in Tochigi and Gunma prefectures, Japan. It is difficult to understand the relationship between variations of surface electrostatic field and charge distribution in the cloud. In our observation, a single cell thundercloud is focused on to assume a simple charge model inside the cloud and to simplify the calculation of the quantity and height of the point charge in the cloud. In this paper, by assuming a point charge model in the cloud, amount and height of charge in an isolated storm is estimated as an initial result. We also summarize details of the developed sensor system and the method of calibration for sensors in our EFM network.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86098779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627393
Daniel E. Villamil, H. Rojas, Francisco Javier Vela Santamaría, Wilson Diaz
The current decade started facing great challenges in the path towards sustainable development. Less than 10 years remain to achieve the goals of the Sustainable Development Agenda adopted by all the United Nations (UN) and one of the key components in this process is disaster risk management (DRM). However, the risk from lightning plays a very small role in the global DRM scenario. This paper emphasizes the nature of lightning risk and how its estimation requires methods that may involve socio-demographic factors. The above with the intention of drawing the attention of the authorities in charge of enacting the DRM guidelines and thus get involved within the programs of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.
{"title":"Lightning Risk and Disaster Risk Management at the beginning of the 2020s","authors":"Daniel E. Villamil, H. Rojas, Francisco Javier Vela Santamaría, Wilson Diaz","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627393","url":null,"abstract":"The current decade started facing great challenges in the path towards sustainable development. Less than 10 years remain to achieve the goals of the Sustainable Development Agenda adopted by all the United Nations (UN) and one of the key components in this process is disaster risk management (DRM). However, the risk from lightning plays a very small role in the global DRM scenario. This paper emphasizes the nature of lightning risk and how its estimation requires methods that may involve socio-demographic factors. The above with the intention of drawing the attention of the authorities in charge of enacting the DRM guidelines and thus get involved within the programs of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85570815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627436
S. Cheng, Jianguo Wang, L. Cai, Yijun Huang, Yutong Xiao, Quanxin Li
A total lightning activity process lasting 5 hours occurred on August 19, 2014 at pearl river delta in China is analyzed in detail. Based on Foshan Total Lightning Location System, the characteristics and parameters of the total lightning process are proposed. The number of lightning flashes in the thunderstorm reach to 97249, of which intra-cloud(IC) flashes account for 80.4%, cloud-to-ground(CG) flashes 18.8% and narrow bipolar events (NBE) 0.8%. The variation of IC flashes and total lightning are synchronous. More than 96.69% of the height of IC flashes are below 15 km, while 7 km to 10 km is the maximum probability area of IC flashes. The height distribution of NBE is relatively disorganized compared with IC flashes, the variation of which does not show any visible trend.
{"title":"A Total Lightning Activity Process and Parameter Characteristics at Pearl River Delta in China","authors":"S. Cheng, Jianguo Wang, L. Cai, Yijun Huang, Yutong Xiao, Quanxin Li","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627436","url":null,"abstract":"A total lightning activity process lasting 5 hours occurred on August 19, 2014 at pearl river delta in China is analyzed in detail. Based on Foshan Total Lightning Location System, the characteristics and parameters of the total lightning process are proposed. The number of lightning flashes in the thunderstorm reach to 97249, of which intra-cloud(IC) flashes account for 80.4%, cloud-to-ground(CG) flashes 18.8% and narrow bipolar events (NBE) 0.8%. The variation of IC flashes and total lightning are synchronous. More than 96.69% of the height of IC flashes are below 15 km, while 7 km to 10 km is the maximum probability area of IC flashes. The height distribution of NBE is relatively disorganized compared with IC flashes, the variation of which does not show any visible trend.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90059852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627467
J. Cristancho, J. Rodríguez, F. Roman
This paper analyzes from a technical point of view, a medical case reported in 2016 about a young couple, man and pregnant woman, stroked by a lightning flash current in the Southwestern United States, resulting in third trimester fetal injury. The most probable scenario of the case it is recreated and analyzed the evidence reported to give a probable explanation of the fetal injury under the panorama of other similar cases. The outcomes of a research work that uses an in-silico simulation in a 3D body model was used to show the current density distribution inside a human body due to a lightning-caused step potential. This study helps to give a possible explanation of the fetal injury at nine-month and the posterior disability of the baby, not given until now.
{"title":"Revisiting a case of lightning-caused trauma in a pregnant woman","authors":"J. Cristancho, J. Rodríguez, F. Roman","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627467","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes from a technical point of view, a medical case reported in 2016 about a young couple, man and pregnant woman, stroked by a lightning flash current in the Southwestern United States, resulting in third trimester fetal injury. The most probable scenario of the case it is recreated and analyzed the evidence reported to give a probable explanation of the fetal injury under the panorama of other similar cases. The outcomes of a research work that uses an in-silico simulation in a 3D body model was used to show the current density distribution inside a human body due to a lightning-caused step potential. This study helps to give a possible explanation of the fetal injury at nine-month and the posterior disability of the baby, not given until now.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77824358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627339
S. Yasui, Masakazu Tanida, Masaya Nakagawa, Hirokazu Uenishi, Y. Kunii, Yuki Kanazawa
We need measures to establish a reasonable lightning protection design for medium-voltage distribution lines, which can reduce the capital investment costs and ensure protection against lightning strikes. We will adopt two measures to reduce the capital investment costs of the lightning protection. Firstly, removing GW from new construction or renovation of distribution lines to reduce accidents caused by the fatigue disconnection of GW. Secondly, excluded the currently installed middle-phase arcing horns for the new distribution lines to reduce the maintenance cost of the lightning arresters within the arcing horn. However, the probability of a multi-phase flashover increased when the middle-phase arcing horn was excluded in all the medium phases in the twisted distribution line. In this study, we investigated the measures to improve the lightning protection performance of medium-voltage distribution lines that omitted middle phase arcing horn using the typical distribution configuration. We confirmed to greatly reduce the risk of lightning strikes by leaving the support bracket with the grounding line when removing the GW.
{"title":"Lightning Risk Assessment of a Distribution Line by Excluding a Grounding Wire and Current-Limiting Arcing Horns","authors":"S. Yasui, Masakazu Tanida, Masaya Nakagawa, Hirokazu Uenishi, Y. Kunii, Yuki Kanazawa","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627339","url":null,"abstract":"We need measures to establish a reasonable lightning protection design for medium-voltage distribution lines, which can reduce the capital investment costs and ensure protection against lightning strikes. We will adopt two measures to reduce the capital investment costs of the lightning protection. Firstly, removing GW from new construction or renovation of distribution lines to reduce accidents caused by the fatigue disconnection of GW. Secondly, excluded the currently installed middle-phase arcing horns for the new distribution lines to reduce the maintenance cost of the lightning arresters within the arcing horn. However, the probability of a multi-phase flashover increased when the middle-phase arcing horn was excluded in all the medium phases in the twisted distribution line. In this study, we investigated the measures to improve the lightning protection performance of medium-voltage distribution lines that omitted middle phase arcing horn using the typical distribution configuration. We confirmed to greatly reduce the risk of lightning strikes by leaving the support bracket with the grounding line when removing the GW.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84478606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627438
Jinxin Cao, Ya-ping Du, Yuxuan Ding, Ruihan Qi, Zhe Li
This paper investigates the lightning performance on 10kV overhead distribution lines grounded with counterpoise wires under extremely low soil conductivity. A partial element equivalent circuit model considering lossy ground is used for surge analysis, and the Monte Carlo method is adopted for evaluating the flashover rate. It is found that under extremely low soil conductivity, the simple vertical grounding rod is not effective in lightning protection, while the performance is significantly increased with extended counterpoise wires. The single-row counterpoise wire with a length of pole span performs best among the schemes of concern. The single-row counterpoise wire with a half-length of pole span is a competitive one, due to a half-cost reduction but a competitive performance with a difference of less than 9%. With the same total wire length, the scheme of single-row counterpoise wire is slightly better than the parallel-row arrangement. If a higher lightning protection level is required, the improvement could be achieved by increasing the CFO level or shortening the span of two adjacent surge arresters, since increasing the length of counterpoise wire is not cost-effective.
{"title":"Performance against Direct Lightning on 10kV Overhead Distribution Lines with Counterpoise Wires","authors":"Jinxin Cao, Ya-ping Du, Yuxuan Ding, Ruihan Qi, Zhe Li","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627438","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the lightning performance on 10kV overhead distribution lines grounded with counterpoise wires under extremely low soil conductivity. A partial element equivalent circuit model considering lossy ground is used for surge analysis, and the Monte Carlo method is adopted for evaluating the flashover rate. It is found that under extremely low soil conductivity, the simple vertical grounding rod is not effective in lightning protection, while the performance is significantly increased with extended counterpoise wires. The single-row counterpoise wire with a length of pole span performs best among the schemes of concern. The single-row counterpoise wire with a half-length of pole span is a competitive one, due to a half-cost reduction but a competitive performance with a difference of less than 9%. With the same total wire length, the scheme of single-row counterpoise wire is slightly better than the parallel-row arrangement. If a higher lightning protection level is required, the improvement could be achieved by increasing the CFO level or shortening the span of two adjacent surge arresters, since increasing the length of counterpoise wire is not cost-effective.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84587878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627342
N. Sapumanage, S. Nanayakkara, S. Abegunawardana, M. Fernando, V. Cooray
This study disclosed that the IEC impulse is not an appropriate candidate to benchmark real transient over-voltages owing to have many discrepancies between them in terms of energy localization and frequencies that host such energies. However, the total energy content of the comparable IEC impulse is higher than the real transient voltages. Thus, once tested and passed the endurance at laboratories such an energy absorbing device would not fail at the field applications against single real transient voltage. However the same cannot be guaranteed against the swarm of impulses as the same cannot be tested at the test bench due to many practical constraints. The study revealed that IEC impulses can accommodate only 2.31% of the total energy until it reaches to 90% of the peak voltage, whereas the selected real transient impulses have shown that they could accommodate nearly 6% to 18% of the total incident energy before they reach to 90 % of the peak voltage. Moreover, when IEC impulse reaches to the peak, it can incident only a 9.71% of the total energy, but real transient voltages demonstrated that they have a capacity to incident nearly 30% to 45 % total energy embedded in the impulse.
{"title":"Comparison of energy presence in IEC and real transient impulses","authors":"N. Sapumanage, S. Nanayakkara, S. Abegunawardana, M. Fernando, V. Cooray","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627342","url":null,"abstract":"This study disclosed that the IEC impulse is not an appropriate candidate to benchmark real transient over-voltages owing to have many discrepancies between them in terms of energy localization and frequencies that host such energies. However, the total energy content of the comparable IEC impulse is higher than the real transient voltages. Thus, once tested and passed the endurance at laboratories such an energy absorbing device would not fail at the field applications against single real transient voltage. However the same cannot be guaranteed against the swarm of impulses as the same cannot be tested at the test bench due to many practical constraints. The study revealed that IEC impulses can accommodate only 2.31% of the total energy until it reaches to 90% of the peak voltage, whereas the selected real transient impulses have shown that they could accommodate nearly 6% to 18% of the total incident energy before they reach to 90 % of the peak voltage. Moreover, when IEC impulse reaches to the peak, it can incident only a 9.71% of the total energy, but real transient voltages demonstrated that they have a capacity to incident nearly 30% to 45 % total energy embedded in the impulse.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83855586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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