Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627379
Frederico S. Almeida, F. H. Silveira, S. Visacro
This paper evaluates the use of the Monte Carlo method for the assessment of the lightning performance of transmission lines. By the application of the ATP-DE-MC, an interface between the Monte Carlo method and the software ATP, the critical current and the backflashover probability for a typical 138-kV transmission line under different tower-footing grounding impedance ZP are calculated. From the analysis of the results for different number of Monte Carlo rounds, a stopping criterion is proposed based on the simultaneous consideration of the error of the probability distribution and the dispersion coefficient. It was shown that evaluations of the lightning performance of transmission lines related to high critical current demand more Monte Carlo rounds and consequently more computational efforts and simulation time. The use of the stopping criterion provides decreases of 21% in the number of rounds for ZP of 10 Ω and 92% for ZP of 40 Ω and 80 Ω, maintaining consistent and feasible results that ensure its use in the Monte Carlo method execution.
本文对蒙特卡罗法在输电线路防雷性能评估中的应用进行了评价。应用Monte - Carlo方法与ATP软件的接口ATP- de - mc，计算了典型138-kV输电线路在不同塔基接地阻抗ZP下的临界电流和反闪络概率。通过对不同弹数的结果分析，提出了一种同时考虑概率分布误差和离散系数误差的停止判据。结果表明，在高临界电流条件下，输电线路雷电性能的评估需要更多的蒙特卡罗算法，从而需要更多的计算量和模拟时间。停止准则的使用使ZP为10 Ω时的轮数减少21%，ZP为40 Ω和80 Ω时的轮数减少92%，保持了一致和可行的结果，确保了它在蒙特卡罗方法执行中的使用。
{"title":"On the Assessment of a New Stopping Criterion for the Monte Carlo Method Applied to the Analysis of the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines","authors":"Frederico S. Almeida, F. H. Silveira, S. Visacro","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627379","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the use of the Monte Carlo method for the assessment of the lightning performance of transmission lines. By the application of the ATP-DE-MC, an interface between the Monte Carlo method and the software ATP, the critical current and the backflashover probability for a typical 138-kV transmission line under different tower-footing grounding impedance ZP are calculated. From the analysis of the results for different number of Monte Carlo rounds, a stopping criterion is proposed based on the simultaneous consideration of the error of the probability distribution and the dispersion coefficient. It was shown that evaluations of the lightning performance of transmission lines related to high critical current demand more Monte Carlo rounds and consequently more computational efforts and simulation time. The use of the stopping criterion provides decreases of 21% in the number of rounds for ZP of 10 Ω and 92% for ZP of 40 Ω and 80 Ω, maintaining consistent and feasible results that ensure its use in the Monte Carlo method execution.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90326637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627420
J. R. Smit, Hugh G. P. Hunt, C. Schumann
The current measurements from the Sentech tower for the 2020–2021 rain season are presented. The tower is a cylindrical concrete radio broadcast tower, situated on the highveld plateau in Johannesburg, South Africa. The season produced 43 distinguishable lightning current measurements, 186 return strokes, 30 ICC fast pulses and 7 ICCOnly events. The return stroke multiplicity for the season is 6.41. The return stroke median current is 7.51 kA while the ICC pulses had a median peak of 3.75 kA. The median charge transfer for a lightning event with return strokes is 41.36C, while it is 35.51C for ICCP events and 26.08C for ICCOnly events.
{"title":"First lightning current measurements to the Sentech tower, South Africa","authors":"J. R. Smit, Hugh G. P. Hunt, C. Schumann","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627420","url":null,"abstract":"The current measurements from the Sentech tower for the 2020–2021 rain season are presented. The tower is a cylindrical concrete radio broadcast tower, situated on the highveld plateau in Johannesburg, South Africa. The season produced 43 distinguishable lightning current measurements, 186 return strokes, 30 ICC fast pulses and 7 ICCOnly events. The return stroke multiplicity for the season is 6.41. The return stroke median current is 7.51 kA while the ICC pulses had a median peak of 3.75 kA. The median charge transfer for a lightning event with return strokes is 41.36C, while it is 35.51C for ICCP events and 26.08C for ICCOnly events.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89018831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627448
H. Cai, Xiaolei Wang, Gang Liu, M. Liao, Shangmao Hu, Yu Liu
Dart leader behavior preceding eight subsequent return strokes (RS) in two negative cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes striking on the top of Canton tower has been investigated, by using the high-speed video camera. The optical observations show some unusual behavior of dart leader propagation. There appear two branches on the top portion of discharge channel in one flash. Dart leader could propagate downward along either branch, and after RS initiation, there occurs a tiny leader branch near the branching point, following the other branch but normally does not propagate long. Only in one subsequent stoke event, it keeps developing upward so that the entire branched channel can be apparently observed. In the other flash, one dart leader, whose leader tip has the similar characteristics as the normal dart leader, is initiated from the striking point and then develops upward, along the preconditioned channel. The two-dimensional (2-D) average speed of dart leader propagation ranges from 2.83×106 m/s to 1.92×107 m/s, mostly in the order of 106m/s.
利用高速摄像机研究了两次云对地负闪电击中广州塔顶后8次回击前的镖头行为。光学观察显示出一些不寻常的省道前导传播行为。在一次闪光中，放电通道顶部出现两个支路。先导子可沿任一分支向下传播，RS起始后，在分支点附近出现一个微小的先导子分支，跟随另一个分支，但通常不长时间传播。只有在随后的一个斯托克事件中，它继续向上发展，以便可以明显地观察到整个分支通道。在另一闪中，其尖端特征与正常省道相似的一个省道从击打点开始，然后沿着预设通道向上发展。镖头的二维(2-D)平均传播速度在2.83×106 m/s ~ 1.92×107 m/s之间，以106m/s居多。
{"title":"High-speed Video Observations of Unusual Dart Leaders in Two Natural Lightning Flashes Striking on Canton Tower","authors":"H. Cai, Xiaolei Wang, Gang Liu, M. Liao, Shangmao Hu, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627448","url":null,"abstract":"Dart leader behavior preceding eight subsequent return strokes (RS) in two negative cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes striking on the top of Canton tower has been investigated, by using the high-speed video camera. The optical observations show some unusual behavior of dart leader propagation. There appear two branches on the top portion of discharge channel in one flash. Dart leader could propagate downward along either branch, and after RS initiation, there occurs a tiny leader branch near the branching point, following the other branch but normally does not propagate long. Only in one subsequent stoke event, it keeps developing upward so that the entire branched channel can be apparently observed. In the other flash, one dart leader, whose leader tip has the similar characteristics as the normal dart leader, is initiated from the striking point and then develops upward, along the preconditioned channel. The two-dimensional (2-D) average speed of dart leader propagation ranges from 2.83×106 m/s to 1.92×107 m/s, mostly in the order of 106m/s.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84356761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627363
D. Baissac, M. G. Nicora, E. Ávila, G. Badi
A phenomenon that occurs regularly during explosive volcanic eruptions is the presence of lightning associated with the development of the volcanic plume. Remote detection of these electrical discharges can be helpful in volcanic monitoring. In recent years, the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-16) satellite has provided information on recorded electrical discharges through its sensor, the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM). This information is in addition to the detection of lightning strokes by ground stations that was already being used for this purpose. In this work we propose to use the data provided by the GLM and the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) to analyze the electrical activity that occurred during the eruption of the Volcan de Fuego on June 3, 2018
{"title":"Lightning in the eruption of the Volcan de Fuego 2018 - Seeing from earth and space","authors":"D. Baissac, M. G. Nicora, E. Ávila, G. Badi","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627363","url":null,"abstract":"A phenomenon that occurs regularly during explosive volcanic eruptions is the presence of lightning associated with the development of the volcanic plume. Remote detection of these electrical discharges can be helpful in volcanic monitoring. In recent years, the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-16) satellite has provided information on recorded electrical discharges through its sensor, the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM). This information is in addition to the detection of lightning strokes by ground stations that was already being used for this purpose. In this work we propose to use the data provided by the GLM and the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) to analyze the electrical activity that occurred during the eruption of the Volcan de Fuego on June 3, 2018","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79220734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627466
K. Arzag, Z. Azzouz, Y. Baba
The aim of this paper was to study voltages on overhead single wire induced by lightning strikes to a tower located on a mountain, using the three dimension finite difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. The overhead wire is located at a close distance from the base of the mountain. The transmission line model extended to include a tall strike object was used to present the lightning channel and the tower. The case of the absence of the mountain is also analyzed. From the comparison between the two cases, it is shown that the induced voltages magnitudes and waveforms are significantly affected by the presence of the mountain.
{"title":"3D-FDTD Calculation of Lightning-Induced Voltages on an Overhead Wire in Presence of aTower and a Mountain","authors":"K. Arzag, Z. Azzouz, Y. Baba","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627466","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to study voltages on overhead single wire induced by lightning strikes to a tower located on a mountain, using the three dimension finite difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. The overhead wire is located at a close distance from the base of the mountain. The transmission line model extended to include a tall strike object was used to present the lightning channel and the tower. The case of the absence of the mountain is also analyzed. From the comparison between the two cases, it is shown that the induced voltages magnitudes and waveforms are significantly affected by the presence of the mountain.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82428442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627418
H. Hunt, C. Schumann, J. R. Smit, C. Gomes, K. Nixon, I. Jandrell, M. Saba, T. Warner
South Africa has a rich history of lightning research. This paper describes The Johannesburg Lightning Research Laboratory (JLRL) project which continues the tradition of South African lightning research. The paper compares Johannesburg, South Africa with other similar studies and describes the highspeed camera, direct current measurement installation at Sentech tower and electric field studies currently underway.
{"title":"The Johannesburg Lightning Research Laboratory","authors":"H. Hunt, C. Schumann, J. R. Smit, C. Gomes, K. Nixon, I. Jandrell, M. Saba, T. Warner","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627418","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa has a rich history of lightning research. This paper describes The Johannesburg Lightning Research Laboratory (JLRL) project which continues the tradition of South African lightning research. The paper compares Johannesburg, South Africa with other similar studies and describes the highspeed camera, direct current measurement installation at Sentech tower and electric field studies currently underway.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78659500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627405
Constanza Inés Villagrán Asiares, M. G. Nicora, A. Meza, M. Paula, Natali, E. Ávila
This article aims to study the variations that occur in the ionosphere as a consequence of a thunderstorm. For this purpose, we started by analyzing the thunderstorms of November 10 at night in the central region of Argentina, the place and time when the RELAMPAGO-CACTI Project was developed. The data used were The Total electron Content (TEC) which was computed from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements provided by Argentine Continuous Satellite Monitoring Network (RAMSAC by its Spanish acronym) stations and the atmospheric electrical activity data which were provided by the Earth Network Total Lightning Network (ENTLN). We found that thunderstorms generated some oscillations in the vertical total electron content (VTEC). Some variations showed oscillations with periodicities of 25–30 minutes and amplitudes greater than 0.3 total electron content units (TECU). While in other cases oscillatory variations were observed with periods of about 4 minutes and amplitudes around 0.1 TECU. The former could be related to gravity waves, while the latter could be considered acoustic waves.
{"title":"Relationship between the activity of thunderstorms and ionospheric oscillation during the RELAMPAGO Project","authors":"Constanza Inés Villagrán Asiares, M. G. Nicora, A. Meza, M. Paula, Natali, E. Ávila","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627405","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to study the variations that occur in the ionosphere as a consequence of a thunderstorm. For this purpose, we started by analyzing the thunderstorms of November 10 at night in the central region of Argentina, the place and time when the RELAMPAGO-CACTI Project was developed. The data used were The Total electron Content (TEC) which was computed from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements provided by Argentine Continuous Satellite Monitoring Network (RAMSAC by its Spanish acronym) stations and the atmospheric electrical activity data which were provided by the Earth Network Total Lightning Network (ENTLN). We found that thunderstorms generated some oscillations in the vertical total electron content (VTEC). Some variations showed oscillations with periodicities of 25–30 minutes and amplitudes greater than 0.3 total electron content units (TECU). While in other cases oscillatory variations were observed with periods of about 4 minutes and amplitudes around 0.1 TECU. The former could be related to gravity waves, while the latter could be considered acoustic waves.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86204024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627340
Daohong Wang, Ting Wu, Masaki Urada, N. Takagi
We have studied 189 return strokes which exhibited abnormal waveforms. We classified these return strokes into 4 types according to their waveforms. Compared to ordinary return strokes, the first type of abnormal return strokes have similar rise time, but much shorter fall time, so RS pulse waveforms appear much narrower. It appears that this type of return strokes are associated with power transmission towers. The second type have a much longer rise time but shorter fall time. The third type have a symmetrical waveform. Both the second and the third types of return strokes are much weaker than ordinary return strokes. The fourth type have two RS waveforms within a time of less than 2 ms. This type of return strokes have two ground terminations with a distance mostly less than 2 km. The return stroke at the first termination is usually stronger than that at the second termination.
{"title":"Return Strokes with Abnormal Electric Field Change Waveforms","authors":"Daohong Wang, Ting Wu, Masaki Urada, N. Takagi","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627340","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied 189 return strokes which exhibited abnormal waveforms. We classified these return strokes into 4 types according to their waveforms. Compared to ordinary return strokes, the first type of abnormal return strokes have similar rise time, but much shorter fall time, so RS pulse waveforms appear much narrower. It appears that this type of return strokes are associated with power transmission towers. The second type have a much longer rise time but shorter fall time. The third type have a symmetrical waveform. Both the second and the third types of return strokes are much weaker than ordinary return strokes. The fourth type have two RS waveforms within a time of less than 2 ms. This type of return strokes have two ground terminations with a distance mostly less than 2 km. The return stroke at the first termination is usually stronger than that at the second termination.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72689499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627461
S. A. Mohammad, M. Abdullah, M. Ahmad, Shamsul Ammar Shamsul Baharin, Sang‐Jong Park, G. Lu, V. Cooray
In this study, we present the observation of cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes detected surrounding Antarctica Peninsula. Lightning sensors had been setup and deployed at King Sejong station in King George Island, Antarctica Peninsula. The lightning sensors consist of fast and slow electric field sensors that uses parallel plate antenna accompanied with respective buffer circuits. A magnetic field sensor was also deployed with two orthogonal loops antennas. The lightning data were collected between 11th and 31st January 2020. 20 storms have been identified with a total of 176 CG flashes detected. From the total CG, 116 were identified as negative CG flashes while 60 were identified as positive CG flashes.
{"title":"Observation of Lightning Occurrence Surrounding Antarctica Peninsula","authors":"S. A. Mohammad, M. Abdullah, M. Ahmad, Shamsul Ammar Shamsul Baharin, Sang‐Jong Park, G. Lu, V. Cooray","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627461","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present the observation of cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes detected surrounding Antarctica Peninsula. Lightning sensors had been setup and deployed at King Sejong station in King George Island, Antarctica Peninsula. The lightning sensors consist of fast and slow electric field sensors that uses parallel plate antenna accompanied with respective buffer circuits. A magnetic field sensor was also deployed with two orthogonal loops antennas. The lightning data were collected between 11th and 31st January 2020. 20 storms have been identified with a total of 176 CG flashes detected. From the total CG, 116 were identified as negative CG flashes while 60 were identified as positive CG flashes.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74399097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627432
A. Adekitan, M. Rock
A lightning strike to a floating roof tank (FRT) can induce fire, and if the fire is not properly managed, a full surface fire and a complete tank boil over may ensue. The optimal approach is to prevent lightning-induced sparks rather than firefighting. Designing a lightning protection system (LPS) for a FRT is quite intricate due to its large tank dimensions and the movable roof. This study explores the probability of a direct lightning strike to a floating roof tank using the dynamic electro-geometrical model. The impact of various tank dimensions on strike probability was investigated, and the result shows that the probability of a strike to the rim edge of the FRT reduces with tank diameter and increases with tank height. Various LPS air termination arrangements are proposed to be deployed on and around a FRT to channel the lightning current and associated energy via multiple flow paths. Challenges that may hinder implementation are also identified.
{"title":"The Undesirable Interaction of Lightning Strike and Floating Roof Tanks","authors":"A. Adekitan, M. Rock","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627432","url":null,"abstract":"A lightning strike to a floating roof tank (FRT) can induce fire, and if the fire is not properly managed, a full surface fire and a complete tank boil over may ensue. The optimal approach is to prevent lightning-induced sparks rather than firefighting. Designing a lightning protection system (LPS) for a FRT is quite intricate due to its large tank dimensions and the movable roof. This study explores the probability of a direct lightning strike to a floating roof tank using the dynamic electro-geometrical model. The impact of various tank dimensions on strike probability was investigated, and the result shows that the probability of a strike to the rim edge of the FRT reduces with tank diameter and increases with tank height. Various LPS air termination arrangements are proposed to be deployed on and around a FRT to channel the lightning current and associated energy via multiple flow paths. Challenges that may hinder implementation are also identified.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80373122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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