Acta hepato-gastroenterologica最新文献

Endogenously released secretin had no effect on the intestinal sucrose hydrolysis, the absorption of the sucrose split products, glucose and fructose, and the net water movement in the rat in vivo.

Dixyrazine (Esucos) as premedication for esophagogastroscopy was studied in a double-blind trial with diazepam and atropine in 321 successive endoscopies. It was established that dixyrazine was fairly well tolerated, regurgitation was significantly reduced. A distinct antiemetic effect was observed compared with diazepam; the difference was statistically significant in the male patients. Dixyrazine may be regarded as a fairly good alternative premedication for esophagogastroscopy.

For a long time, it has been assumed that stagnation of active estrogens in the blood gives rise to liver injury and causes a severe inflammatory process in the liver as well as affecting the clinical course of chronic aggressive hepatitis in women. During reproductive years, estrogen production, as gaged by the values of urinary excretion, follows a cyclic pattern. As the menopause is approached, urinary excretion of estrogens gradually diminishes and the cyclic fluctuation becomes more shallow. The titer continues to fall progressively in the post-menopausal years although some estrogen may be found even in aged women. Even though it must be assumed that estrogens are rarely produced in bilaterally ovariectomized women, chronic aggressive hepatitis is rather frequently encountered in practice in women after ovariectomy. To find a solution to the question of whether stagnation of active estrogen in the blood actually gives rise to liver injury, estrogen levels in the blood must be estimated in these patients. It will be desirable to estimate not the metabolites of estrogens in the urine but the estrogens or estrogenic substances themselves in the blood. The authors have estimated estrogens in the blood by means of radioimmunoassay and revealed a decrease in quantity of the estrogen values in the blood. Therefore, it can be stressed that the lack of estrogens in the blood must be taken into consideration because it has been pointed out that estrogens exert some form of liver-protecting influence against infection as well as the protracting factors of hepatitis.

Thirty outpatients suffering from duodenal ulcer of recent onset were given cimetidine 1 g/day or gefarnate 250 mg/day for 6 weeks in a double blind trial, randomly balances between the groups. Endoscopic assessment was carried out at 4 and 6 weeks; patients healed after 4 weeks were withdrawn from the trial. In all parameters considered, cimetidine showed a highly significant difference. The healing rate at 4--6 weeks was 67--93% after cimetidine treatment and 27--53% after gefarnate treatment. The effect of cimetidine on the disappearance of symptoms, mainly the nocturnal ulcer pain, and on antacid consumption was greater than that after medication wity gefarnate. After 4--6 weeks of a full dose cimetidine regimen, both basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion were reduced and peptone meal stimulated serum gastrin increased; the basal gastrinaemia remained unchanged.

A case of gastrointestinal complaints with a long history due to an intraduodenal diverticulum is described. The patient had a gastric resection and a cholecystectomy before the correct diagnosis could be made by an intravenous cholangiography.

In an isolated rat liver perfusion system the effects of normothermal ischemia on hepatic functions were investigated. After 30 minutes of anoxy bile production and BSP elimination capacity of the liver are significantly reduced. The quantity of secreted "ascites" from the surface of the liver several times high after anoxic damage, while oxygen consumption, portal venous pressure and ammonia elimination do not differ significantly from the controls. Pretreatment with insulin plus glucose, isoproterenol, hypoxanthine, chlorpromazine and glucagon (5 micrograms/100 g i.v., or 0.2 mg/100 g s.c.) does not reduce noticeably the normothermal anoxic lesion of the liver Glucagon (50 micrograms/100 g i.v.), allopurinol, dibenzyline, ATP-MgCl2 and aspartic acid enhance significantly the ischemia-tolerance of liver in vitro.

A new model for the study of ischemic liver lesion on rats has been worked out. Pretreatment with allopurinol, dibenzyline, methylprednisolone, glucagon, ATP-MgCl2 and aspartic acid reduced the overall mortality of ischemic liver injury. Administered after the anoxic hepatic lesion only glucagon and aspartic acid had beneficial effect on the survival rate. Under the influence of 30 minutes of normothermal ischemia the DNA synthetizing ability of the liver decreased. Aspartic acid, glucagon and ATP-MgCl2 significantly enhanced the regeneration of the ischemically damaged liver. These procedures might be suitable for donor pretreatment in liver transplantation, as well as for the treatment of other pathological states, causing a normothermal ischemia of the liver.