Acta hepato-gastroenterologica最新文献

The association of duodenal diverticula and pancreatitis is rare. Various types of such diverticula are reviewed, especially intra- and extraluminal Vaterian diverticula in which common and pancreatic duct terminate. The pathogenesis of the pancreatitis in case of interposed Vaterian diverticula is thought to be mechanical by means of the creation of a closed Vaterian pouch in which higher pressures produce reflux of bile and pancreatic enzymes. Two patients with this particular type of duodenal diverticula are presented.

In six healthy volunteers the interdigestive motor activity and the secretory pattern were recorded in the duodenum by open tip catheters and intraluminal titration, respectively. The duodenal part of the interdigestive myoelectric complex (IDMEC) was regularly associated with a significantly increased alkali load to the duodenum amounting to 2.4 +/- 0.4 mmol per IDMEC. Thus, the intestinal "housekeeper" function of the IDMEC may be brought about by a coupled action of propagated motility and flushing secretion.

The time of macular functional-recuperation after dazzling has been evaluated in 46 patients of both sexes with ages between 26 and 65, with chronic active hepatitis (CAH). Knowing that the macular recuperation time, even under physiological conditions, increases after the age of 40, we divided these subjects in two groups: under 40 years old (20 cases) and over 40 years old (26 cases). Patients with CAH show a noticeably increased frequency of pathological times especially in those over 40 years old. In this group the pathological cases are 96,15% compared to 60% found among those under 40. The reason for this behavior is only hypothetic. However, the importance of the results must be underlined, as during biological and clinical remission of chronic liver disease patients of working age hold jobs where weakness of mesopic vision could cause serious accidents of legal-medical interest.

Liver injury was investigated in the course of salmonellosis evoked by Salmonella agona in experimental infection of rabbits. Histological and biochemical examination (proteinogram, the level of bilirubin, fibrinogen, cholesterol and its esters in blood, activity of asparine and alanine aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase and guanase in blood) were carried out in 70 animals. Liver injury showing degeneration, steatosis and necrosis was found in the course of salmonellosis. Hepatitis gigantocellularis was sporadically observed. Biochemical parameters were not in correlation with the observed histological changes.

Because of intolerance to oral steroids, a patient with Chronic Active Hepatitis and an active gastric ulcer was treated with rectal steroids in addition to azathioprine and carbenoxolone sodium. The liver function tests showed a marked improvement with this therapy, and the gastric ulcer healed. The possible advantages of steroid administration by suppositories are discussed.

In dogs with gastric and pancreatic fistulas, the rate of delivery of acid from the stomach to the duodenum and the rate of pancreatic bicarbonate secretion were measured in response to a meal of liver extract. The time course of changes in quantity of bicarbonate secreted per minute closely paralleled that of changes in quantity of hydrogen ions delivered to the duodenum per minute. For each mole of hydrogen ion entering the duodenum, about 5 moles of bicarbonate were secreted.

We measured, by the RIA method, the concentrations of serum gastrin in a fasting state in 80 healthy volunteers of both sexes (M = 43, F = 37) aged 15-81 years. We did not find significant differences in the mean values of gastrin among them and the correlation of gastrin with the ages was insignificant. Further study of various age groups (15-29, 30-59, greater than 60 years) in both sexes and of two more age groups (18-45, 46-71) in the females, did not disclose any significant differences either. People of ages greater than 60 years had the greatest concentration of gastrin. Furthermore, we studied the concentrations of gastrin in the sera of 39 of these 80 people (M = 23, F = 16), aged 15-47 years, 10 min. and 40 min. after a test meal. No differences were found between the two sexes. However, although the mean levels of gastrin were significantly increased 10 min and 40 min after the meal in comparison with the fasting levels in both sexes, only in the men was the increase after 40 min. significantly greater than that after 10 min.

Liver-bypass in the pig and the rat instantly results in a marked increase of fibrinolytic activity. Within 1--2 hours this increase is followed in rats by a normalization. A new increase can be obtained by intravenous Carbachol injection. Removal of organs results to various degrees -- most pronounced after bilateral nephrectomy -- in reduction of control value of fibrinolytic activity before liver-bypass. In rats with adrenalectomy plus splenectomy there is no normalization of liver-bypass-induced increased fibrinolytic activity.