Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652073
A. Langi, K. Soemintapura, T. Mengko, W. Kinsner
This paper proposes image quality measures based on multifractality preservation. Image quality measures play critical roles in designing and evaluating image processing schemes and performance, especially in which the resulting images deviate from the original ones. Examples of such schemes include image denoising and lossy compression. Traditional quality or distortion measures have been based on mean square error (MSE) measure or its derivatives, e.g., signal to noise ratio (SNR) or peak SNR (PSNR). Although such measures often lead to optimal schemes (with respect to MSE or PSNR), they are known to remove image parts that has noise-like appearances. Furthermore, they treat image singularities such as sharp edges or high textures (that are more important visually and diagnostically) and other image parts (that are less important) uniformly. In contrast, multifractal measures proposed in this paper characterize image singularities. This means the measures pay attention more on important image features, such as sharp edges and high textures. Furthermore, it can distinguish noise from noise-like signals through their differences in their types of singularities. As a result, the measure can be used to assess image quality of sensitive images resulting from processing schemes. The paper shows various ways of defining the measure that reveals multifractality of different aspects of images. It reports the use of the multifractal measure to compare a joint photographic expert group (JPEG) scheme and a variant of differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) coding showing that the DPCM scheme is superior in multifractal preservation for comparable compression ratios. As a result, the DPCM coding has been selected for a database of aerial ortho images.
{"title":"Multifractal measures of image quality","authors":"A. Langi, K. Soemintapura, T. Mengko, W. Kinsner","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652073","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes image quality measures based on multifractality preservation. Image quality measures play critical roles in designing and evaluating image processing schemes and performance, especially in which the resulting images deviate from the original ones. Examples of such schemes include image denoising and lossy compression. Traditional quality or distortion measures have been based on mean square error (MSE) measure or its derivatives, e.g., signal to noise ratio (SNR) or peak SNR (PSNR). Although such measures often lead to optimal schemes (with respect to MSE or PSNR), they are known to remove image parts that has noise-like appearances. Furthermore, they treat image singularities such as sharp edges or high textures (that are more important visually and diagnostically) and other image parts (that are less important) uniformly. In contrast, multifractal measures proposed in this paper characterize image singularities. This means the measures pay attention more on important image features, such as sharp edges and high textures. Furthermore, it can distinguish noise from noise-like signals through their differences in their types of singularities. As a result, the measure can be used to assess image quality of sensitive images resulting from processing schemes. The paper shows various ways of defining the measure that reveals multifractality of different aspects of images. It reports the use of the multifractal measure to compare a joint photographic expert group (JPEG) scheme and a variant of differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) coding showing that the DPCM scheme is superior in multifractal preservation for comparable compression ratios. As a result, the DPCM coding has been selected for a database of aerial ortho images.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"390 1","pages":"726-730 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76668234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.647136
K. Mohamed-Pour, P. Farrell
The construction of the block coded modulation (BCM) over the modulo-q rings of integers are considered. Trellis construction for encoding and decoding of the codes with the Viterbi algorithm is introduced. The significant parameters for performance evaluation over fading channels are discussed, and the simulation results for some of the 1/2 rate of rings 4 and 8 are presented.
{"title":"Trellis decoding of band efficient multilevel ring-BCM for fading channels","authors":"K. Mohamed-Pour, P. Farrell","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.647136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.647136","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of the block coded modulation (BCM) over the modulo-q rings of integers are considered. Trellis construction for encoding and decoding of the codes with the Viterbi algorithm is introduced. The significant parameters for performance evaluation over fading channels are discussed, and the simulation results for some of the 1/2 rate of rings 4 and 8 are presented.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"1 1","pages":"444-447 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82990259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652220
Yong Wu, A. R. Leyman
The problem of time delay estimation of Gaussian and non-Gaussian signals is considered. Different kinds of corrupting noises are studied and three new methods are proposed which are based on higher-order statistics of the received signals. Computer simulations show that the new methods outperform the generalized cross-section and bispectrum-based methods.
{"title":"Time delay estimation using higher-order statistics: a set of new results","authors":"Yong Wu, A. R. Leyman","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652220","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of time delay estimation of Gaussian and non-Gaussian signals is considered. Different kinds of corrupting noises are studied and three new methods are proposed which are based on higher-order statistics of the received signals. Computer simulations show that the new methods outperform the generalized cross-section and bispectrum-based methods.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"90 3 1","pages":"1397-1400 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73263968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652116
Chun-Chia Wang, Timothy K. Shih, Yule-Chyun Lin, W. Pai
In this paper, we propose a concept named unit repeated inheritance (URI) to realize object-oriented testing and object-oriented metrics. The approach describes an inheritance level technique (ILT) as a guide to detect the software errors of the inheritance hierarchy and measure the software complexity of the inheritance hierarchy. The measurement of inheritance metrics and some testing criteria are formed based on the proposed mechanism. Thus, we use Lex and Yacc to construct a windowing tool which is used in conjunction with a conventional C++ programming environment to assist a programmer to analyze, test, and measure his/her C++ programs.
{"title":"An automatic approach to object-oriented software testing and metrics for C++ inheritance hierarchies","authors":"Chun-Chia Wang, Timothy K. Shih, Yule-Chyun Lin, W. Pai","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652116","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a concept named unit repeated inheritance (URI) to realize object-oriented testing and object-oriented metrics. The approach describes an inheritance level technique (ILT) as a guide to detect the software errors of the inheritance hierarchy and measure the software complexity of the inheritance hierarchy. The measurement of inheritance metrics and some testing criteria are formed based on the proposed mechanism. Thus, we use Lex and Yacc to construct a windowing tool which is used in conjunction with a conventional C++ programming environment to assist a programmer to analyze, test, and measure his/her C++ programs.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"26 1","pages":"934-938 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82124659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652227
H. Do, J. Yoon, Joobin Song
This paper proposes a new inter-processor communication (IPC) method that can reduce the processing time of network restoration such as self healing mesh (SHM) and presents the performance evaluation through the analysis and simulation of the proposed method. This IPC mechanism was adopted at the SDH-based broadband digital cross-connect system (BDCS). Results of simulations are presented. And its performance was proved at the implementation of the SHM function in the BDCS.
{"title":"The strategy of inter-processor communication in BDCS for network survivability","authors":"H. Do, J. Yoon, Joobin Song","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652227","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new inter-processor communication (IPC) method that can reduce the processing time of network restoration such as self healing mesh (SHM) and presents the performance evaluation through the analysis and simulation of the proposed method. This IPC mechanism was adopted at the SDH-based broadband digital cross-connect system (BDCS). Results of simulations are presented. And its performance was proved at the implementation of the SHM function in the BDCS.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"2 1","pages":"1428-1431 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81392472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652115
M. Chakraborty, Uday K. Chakraborty
This paper applies the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing to the problem of optimal link enhancement, which is an NP-complete combinatorial optimization problem in the topological expansion of computer communication networks. Experimental results show that simulated annealing outperforms the genetic algorithm on this problem.
{"title":"Applying genetic algorithm and simulated annealing to a combinatorial optimization problem","authors":"M. Chakraborty, Uday K. Chakraborty","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652115","url":null,"abstract":"This paper applies the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing to the problem of optimal link enhancement, which is an NP-complete combinatorial optimization problem in the topological expansion of computer communication networks. Experimental results show that simulated annealing outperforms the genetic algorithm on this problem.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"6 1","pages":"929-933 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82488612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.647056
M. A. Thornton
A method for the computation of Haar spectral coefficients is described using the OBDD representation of a function. An algebraic relationship between the circuit output probabilities and the Haar spectral coefficients is derived and used. The circuit output probabilities are computed by applying graph algorithms to the OBDDs. A fundamental dependence between the spectral coefficients and n+1 simple Boolean equivalence relationships is noted.
{"title":"Modified Haar transform calculation using digital circuit output probabilities","authors":"M. A. Thornton","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.647056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.647056","url":null,"abstract":"A method for the computation of Haar spectral coefficients is described using the OBDD representation of a function. An algebraic relationship between the circuit output probabilities and the Haar spectral coefficients is derived and used. The circuit output probabilities are computed by applying graph algorithms to the OBDDs. A fundamental dependence between the spectral coefficients and n+1 simple Boolean equivalence relationships is noted.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"2007 1","pages":"52-58 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78885847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652122
S. Suthaharan
This paper presents a new method for block classification, at the decoding stage, in digital image and video coding. Linear filters have been used to reduce the blocking artifacts caused by the block-based transforms used in the digital video processing. However, the linear filters have been applied to every block on the image regardless of their degree of visibility. In this paper, a block classification algorithm is proposed to identify the blocks that are apparent and significantly contribute to the overall blocking artifacts so that these blocks can be filtered out to reduce the blockiness.
{"title":"Block classification using t-statistics and L/sub /spl infin// distortion measure","authors":"S. Suthaharan","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new method for block classification, at the decoding stage, in digital image and video coding. Linear filters have been used to reduce the blocking artifacts caused by the block-based transforms used in the digital video processing. However, the linear filters have been applied to every block on the image regardless of their degree of visibility. In this paper, a block classification algorithm is proposed to identify the blocks that are apparent and significantly contribute to the overall blocking artifacts so that these blocks can be filtered out to reduce the blockiness.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"35 1","pages":"962-964 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78962611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652257
S. Suthaharan, H.R. Wu
A method is proposed to measure the blocking artifact which is a common problem in block-based coding mechanisms used in various digital image and video coding standards. In this method, the quantitative distortion measure, the generalized block-edge impairment metric (GBIM), is modified to accommodate the local statistical characteristics, based on directional inter-pixel differences between adjoining blocks, of a video image. This modified block-edge impairment metric (MGBIM) gives results which are consistent and highly correlated with subjective evaluations.
{"title":"A distortion measure for blocking artifacts in digital video","authors":"S. Suthaharan, H.R. Wu","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652257","url":null,"abstract":"A method is proposed to measure the blocking artifact which is a common problem in block-based coding mechanisms used in various digital image and video coding standards. In this method, the quantitative distortion measure, the generalized block-edge impairment metric (GBIM), is modified to accommodate the local statistical characteristics, based on directional inter-pixel differences between adjoining blocks, of a video image. This modified block-edge impairment metric (MGBIM) gives results which are consistent and highly correlated with subjective evaluations.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"16 1","pages":"1566-1569 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87458211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652103
Jeong-Jin Lee, J. Oh, Young-Ho Park, Hyup-Jong Kim
We have developed 16/spl times/16 ACSF (ATM cell switch fabric) which can provide PTP (point to point) connection and PTMP (point to multipoint) connection services. It guarantees in-order cell sequencing, fairness and can accommodate sixteen 155.52 Mbps ports. For reliable and continuous services in the public network ACSF supports DSO (dual switch operation); two of the same ACSFs operate like one ATM switch hardware as an active and standby plane respectively. If the active plane detects any internal fault unexpectedly or is drawn out for maintenance, the standby plane takes over the switching task. Of course, a single switch mode is possible.
{"title":"Implementation of 16/spl times/16 ATM switch fabric with pipelined architecture","authors":"Jeong-Jin Lee, J. Oh, Young-Ho Park, Hyup-Jong Kim","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652103","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed 16/spl times/16 ACSF (ATM cell switch fabric) which can provide PTP (point to point) connection and PTMP (point to multipoint) connection services. It guarantees in-order cell sequencing, fairness and can accommodate sixteen 155.52 Mbps ports. For reliable and continuous services in the public network ACSF supports DSO (dual switch operation); two of the same ACSFs operate like one ATM switch hardware as an active and standby plane respectively. If the active plane detects any internal fault unexpectedly or is drawn out for maintenance, the standby plane takes over the switching task. Of course, a single switch mode is possible.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"11 1","pages":"868-872 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88390389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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