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Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica最新文献

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Contributions to the knowledge of the plant-inhabiting mite fauna of Hungary and Austria (Acari: Parasitiformes and Acariformes) 对匈牙利和奥地利植物寄生螨区系认识的贡献(蜱螨目:寄生螨目和蜱螨目)
Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00160
G. Ripka, G. Király, J. Kontschán, Á. Szabó, A. Kaźmierski
Date-locality-host records for 37 mite species of 15 families are presented for Hungary and Austria. These results include the first record of eight species for Hungary, viz. Charletonia krendowskyi (Feider, 1954), Marantelophus rudaensis (Haitlinger, 1986), Cunaxa gazella (Berlese, 1916), Eupalopsellus oelandicus Sellnick, 1949, Tydeus lindquisti (Marshall, 1970), Neoseiulus dungeri (Karg, 1977), Neoseiulus tauricus (Livshitz et Kuznetzov, 1972) and Proctolaelaps drosophilae Karg, Baker et Jenkinson, 1995. Observations on habitat preferences, plant associations, co-occurrences and feeding behaviour are also provided.
匈牙利和奥地利提供了15科37种螨的日期-地点宿主记录。这些结果包括匈牙利8个物种的首次记录,即Charletonia krendowsky(Feider,1954)、Marantelophus rudaensis(Haitlinger,1986)、Cunaxa gazella(Berlese,1916)、Eupalopcellus oelandicus Sellnick,1949、Tydeus lindquisti(Marshall,1970)、Neoseulus dungeri(Karg,1977)、Neosseulus tauricus(Livshitz et Kuznetzov,1972)和Proctolaps drosophilae Karg,Baker et Jenkinson,1995年。还提供了对栖息地偏好、植物组合、共存和觅食行为的观察。
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引用次数: 1
The first occurrence of the family Homotomidae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) and Homotoma ficus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Hungary 匈牙利首次发现同叶蝇科(半翅目:木蝇总科)和无花果同叶蝇(林奈,1758)
Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00158
Imre Fazekas, J. Kontschán, G. Ripka
The first author observed Homotoma ficus (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae on several street and garden fig trees in the city of Pécs in southern Hungary at the end of May 2022. In the first week of June 2022, imagoes were already flying. This is the first observation of this species in Hungary, together with the first report of the family Homotomidae. A diagnosis and illustrations of adults and larvae in Hungary with 21 figures are given.
第一作者于2022年5月底在匈牙利南部psamacs市的几棵街道和花园无花果树上观察到homtoma ficus (Linnaeus, 1758)幼虫。在2022年6月的第一周,图像已经在飞行。这是在匈牙利首次观察到该物种,同时也是首次报道的同形蚊科。对匈牙利的成虫和幼虫进行了诊断和图解,共21例。
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引用次数: 0
Electrophysiological responses of Varroa mite to honey bee drone brood volatiles 瓦螨对蜂幼虫挥发物的电生理反应
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00147
Anna Teski, G. Bozsik, Sándor Brunner, G. Szőcs
Varroa mite, Varroa destructor is the most important ectoparasite of the honey bee, Apis mellifera worldwide, contributing to colony collapse. The development of alternative non-toxic methods against this pest is needed, as most of the wide-used acaricides in apiculture are banned in the European Union, which increase the risk of developing resistant mite populations against the remaining few products. In order to reveal biological basis of a new, semiochemical-based method, the aim of this study was to search for olfactory stimuli, used by female Varroa mites in orienting to drone brood for egglaying. Volatiles of uncapped drone brood were collected in situ, inside bee-hives, using either charcoal, or HayeSep® Q filters. Collections were analyzed by gas chromatograph linked to an electrotarsogram detector (GC-ETD), using the foreleg of female mite. Results showed that most components were present in collections trapped by any of these filters. However, some components appreared only in charcoal-, while others only in HayeSep® collections, respectively. Out of the large number of components, a few elicited electrophysiological responses. Structure elucidation of these active components are underways. Futher behavioral studies should reveal, which components play role in attraction of Varroa mites.
瓦螨是世界范围内蜜蜂最重要的外寄生生物,是造成蜂群崩溃的主要原因。由于欧盟禁止在养蜂业中广泛使用的大多数杀螨剂,这增加了螨虫种群对剩余几种产品产生抗性的风险,因此需要开发针对这种害虫的无毒替代方法。为了揭示一种基于半化学的新方法的生物学基础,本研究的目的是寻找雌性瓦螨在定位雄蜂幼虫产卵时使用的嗅觉刺激。使用木炭或HayeSep®Q过滤器,在蜂箱内原位收集未封顶的蜂群挥发物。采集的标本以雌螨前腿为研究对象,采用气相色谱仪结合电斑图检测器(GC-ETD)进行分析。结果表明,大多数成分存在于任何这些过滤器捕获的集合中。然而,一些成分只出现在木炭中,而另一些只出现在HayeSep®系列中。在大量的成分中,少数引起电生理反应。这些活性成分的结构解析正在进行中。进一步的行为学研究应该揭示哪些成分在吸引瓦螨中起作用。
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引用次数: 0
New data to the scale insect (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha) fauna of Spain 标题西班牙蚧虫(半翅目,蚧虫科)区系新资料
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00152
É. Szita, Maria Amparo Blay Goicoechea, M. París, M. Kaydan
New data are provided on the distribution of scale insect species based on the soil sample collection of Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain. Six species proved to be new to the scale insect fauna of Spain: 1 species of Ortheziidae (Ortheziola vejdovskyi Sulc), 3 species of Pseudococcidae (Fonscolombia graminis Lichtenstein, Peliococcus mathisi (Balachowsky), Rhodania porifera Goux) and 2 species of Rhizoecidae (Rhizoecus arabicus Hambleton, Ripersiella lelloi (Mazzeo)).
根据西班牙马德里国家自然科学博物馆的土壤样本收集,提供了关于介壳虫物种分布的新数据。有6种被证明是西班牙介壳虫区系的新物种:1种介壳虫科(Ortheziola vejdovskii Sulc),3种拟球虫科(Fonscolombia graminis Lichtenstein,Peliococcus mathisi(Balachowsky),Rhodania porifera Goux)和2种介壳菌科(Rhizoecus arabicus Hambleton,Ripersiella lelloi(Mazzeo))。
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引用次数: 0
An overview of Potyviruses infecting daffodil and their disease management 水仙花感染potyvirus及其疾病管理综述
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00149
R. Raj, Susheel Kumar, P. Chauhan, S. K. Raj
Daffodil (Narcissus tazetta L.) is a bulbous ornamental plant which belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. It is popular for sweet-smelling beautiful flowers and is used for the fragrant oil and perfumes. It is also a source of alkaloids used in traditional medicines. Daffodil is commercially important ornamental plant, therefore, it is important to maintain its quality and production. Various type of viruses affect daffodil cultivation and among them, potyviruses are of great concern as they cause more economic losses to its commercial cultivation in term of reduction in bulb size, number of bulbs and the quality of daffodil flowers. In this review, a general overview of daffodils, genus Potyvirus, disease symptoms in daffodils linked to potyvirus infection, potyviruses described in daffodils, Potyvirus identification methods and possible management strategies of potyviruses in daffodil cultivation are described in detail. The study will be helpful to daffodil growers for improvement of the production/yield and quality of daffodil crop.
水仙花(Narcissus tazetta L.)是一种球茎状观赏植物,属于水仙科。它是受欢迎的芬芳美丽的花朵,并用于芬芳的油和香水。它也是传统药物中使用的生物碱的来源。水仙花是一种具有重要商业价值的观赏植物,因此,保持水仙花的质量和产量至关重要。水仙花的栽培受到多种病毒的影响,其中以多型病毒(potyvirus)最为受关注,因为它们在水仙花的鳞茎大小、鳞茎数量和花的质量等方面对水仙花的商业栽培造成较大的经济损失。本文综述了水仙花的概况、水仙花病毒属、水仙花与水仙花病毒感染相关的疾病症状、水仙花中所描述的水仙花病毒、水仙花中水仙花病毒的鉴定方法以及水仙花栽培中可能的水仙花病毒管理策略。该研究将有助于水仙种植者提高水仙作物的产量和品质。
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引用次数: 1
Antennal responses of black plum sawfly (Hoplocampa minuta) to European plum (Prunus domestica) flower volatiles 黑梅锯蝇(Hoplocampa minuta)对欧洲李(Prunus domestica)花挥发物的触角反应
Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00140
Z. Kárpáti, B. Molnár
Black plum sawfly (Hoplocampa minuta) is an important pest species of plum (Prunus domestica). In organic plum orchards, the yield loss caused by H. minuta larval damage can reach almost 100% occasionally. Adults feed on pollen and nectar of the plum flower; therefore, we hypothesize that, besides visual cues, also olfaction plays an important role in habitat and host finding. To understand the chemical communication mediated by flower volatiles to black sawflies, we investigated the chemical signals released from plum flowers, which can trigger the peripheral physiological responses of adult sawflies. First, using gas chromatography coupled with electroantennography (GC-EAD), we selected 18 physiologically active compounds from the headspace volatile collection of plum flowers, which triggered the H. minuta male and female antennae. Subsequently, we determine the volatilome of plum flower and identified those compounds, which elicited physiological responses, using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These antennally active components in flower volatiles could be candidates for potential kairomone, which could later be used for attracting males and females of H. minuta and could contribute to developing pesticide-free, effective monitoring and lure and kill strategy against this pest.
黑李锯蝇(Hoplocampa minuta)是李(Prunus domestica)的重要害虫。在有机梅园中,微小弯孢幼虫的危害有时会造成近100%的产量损失。成虫以梅花的花粉和花蜜为食;因此,我们假设,除了视觉线索,嗅觉在寻找栖息地和宿主方面也起着重要作用。为了了解花挥发物与黑锯蝇介导的化学通讯,我们研究了梅花释放的化学信号,这些信号可以触发成年锯蝇的外围生理反应。首先,利用气相色谱-触角电图(GC-EAD),我们从梅花的顶部空间挥发性集合中选择了18种生理活性化合物,这些化合物触发了H.minuta雄性和雌性触角。随后,我们使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定了梅花的挥发物,并鉴定了这些引起生理反应的化合物。花挥发物中的这些天线活性成分可能是潜在的kairomone的候选者,kairomone后来可用于吸引微小夜蛾的雄性和雌性,并有助于开发针对这种害虫的无农药、有效的监测和诱杀策略。
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引用次数: 0
Appraising the role of anti-thermal activity of beta-cyclodextrin on selective insecticides against Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) -环糊精对选择性杀虫剂对烟蓟马的抗热活性评价
Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00141
Wael M. Khamis, Ehsan M. Abdel-Moety
Evaluation studies investigated the leverage effects of beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the long-termed toxicity of cypermethrin 25% EC, sulfoxaflor 24% SC, acetamiprid 20% SL and chlorfenapyr 24% SC against adults of Thrips tabaci laboratory strain (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) (Lindeman, 1889) from 8 up to 40 °C. Laboratory studies showed no toxicity for β-CD alone at all tested concentrations. Concentrations of β-CD at 1.25 and 2.50 gm L−1 had potent leverage effects on the LC50s of cypermethrin within 30–35 °C and sulfuxoflor at 40 °C. β-CD at 0.5 gm L−1 had no leverage effect on tested insecticides. All the tested concentrations of β-CD decreased the toxicity of acetamiprid. Semi-field trials (≥28 °C) along 12 days declared that β-CD (equivalent to 1.25 gm L−1) increased the overall mean mortality percentages of 0.5 FRs of cypermethrin (73.08%) and sulfoxaflor (54.74%) compared to their 0.5 FRs alone of 63.70 and 44.30%, respectively in season 2020. While in season 2021, only cypermethrin at 0.5 FR + β-CD (74.45%) surpassed its 0.5FR (61.83%). Lethal times (LT50) values in semi-field trials showed a prolonged residual toxicity periods for the 0.5 FRs of cypermethrin + β-CD (8.58 days) and sulfoxaflor + β-CD (4.80 days) compared to their 0.5 FRs of 6.65 and 3.24 days, respectively in season, 2020. Furthermore, LT50 values of the 0.5 FRs of cypermethrin + β-CD (9.02 days) and sulfoxaflor + β-CD (7.34 days) exceeded their 0.5 FRs of 6.24 and 4.07 days, respectively in 2021. Thus β-CD could realize leverage efficacy and longer-termed toxicity for cypermethrin and sulfoxaflor in high temperatures.
评估研究调查了β-环糊精(β-CD)对25%氯氰菊酯EC、24%磺基沙氟隆SC、20%啶虫脒SL和24%氯芬那吡SC对毒蜥实验室菌株(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)(Lindeman,1889)成虫的长期毒性的杠杆作用,从8到40 °C。实验室研究表明,在所有测试浓度下,单独使用β-CD均无毒性。1.25和2.50时的β-CD浓度 克 L−1 在30–35范围内对氯氰菊酯的LC50具有强大的杠杆作用 °C和40时的硫含量 °C。0.5时的β-CD 克 L−1 对测试的杀虫剂没有杠杆作用。所有测试浓度的β-CD都降低了啶虫脒的毒性。半现场试验(≥28 °C)在12天内宣布β-CD(相当于1.25 gm L−1)增加了氯氰菊酯(73.08%)和磺基恶氟脲(54.74%)的0.5 FR的总体平均死亡率,而2020年季节仅使用它们的0.5 FR分别为63.70%和44.30%。而在2021年季节,只有0.5 FR+β-CD的氯氰菊酯(74.45%)超过了其0.5 FR(61.83%)。半田间试验中的致死时间(LT50)值显示,氯氰菊酯+β-CD(8.58天)和磺基恶氟脲+β-CD(4.80天)的0.5 FR残留毒性期延长,而2020年季节的0.5 FR分别为6.65天和3.24天。此外,2021年,氯氰菊酯+β-CD(9.02天)和磺基恶氟脲+β-CD(7.34天)的0.5FR的LT50值分别超过了6.24天和4.07天的0.5FR。因此,β-CD可以在高温条件下对氯氰菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯产生增效作用和长期毒性。
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引用次数: 0
A simple and reliable assay to quantify host resistance and aggressiveness of the pathogen in the Fusarium head blight-barley pathosystem 一种简单可靠的测定小麦枯萎病病原菌宿主抗性和侵袭性的方法
Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1556/038.2022.00138
N. Sakr, J. Al-Attar
A simple and reliable method for quantifying Fusarium head blight (FHB), a widespread disease of barley, would enhance our capacity in identifying resistance sources and highly aggressive isolates. A detached head assay (DHA) was used to reliably assess: (i) resistance of two barley cultivars, Arabi Aswad (AS) and Arabi Abiad (AB) with different susceptibility to FHB and (ii) aggressiveness in a set of 16 fungal isolates of four Fusarium species. The two inoculated cultivars showed different responses in FHB incidence (DI) and severity (DS) using spray and point inoculation on detached barley heads, respectively. On AB, susceptible under several experimental conditions, inoculation with different Fusarium species resulted in significantly higher DI and DS, compared with AS, which showed Fusarium resistance. Furthermore, the values of DI and DS were significantly correlated with the previous findings generated under several experimental conditions. The use of this simple and reliable method in barley breeding programs can speed up the process of identification of sources of resistance to multiple FHB isolates. To our best knowledge, this is the first in-depth report investigating the usefulness of DHA for distinguishing susceptibility of barley plants and aggressiveness of diverse Fusarium species from a breeder's point of view.
小麦赤霉病(Fusarium head blight, FHB)是一种广泛存在于大麦中的病害,建立一种简单可靠的定量方法将提高我们鉴定抗性来源和高侵袭性分离株的能力。采用分离头测定法(DHA)可靠地评估:(i)对赤霉病有不同敏感性的两个大麦品种Arabi Aswad (AS)和Arabi Abiad (AB)的抗性;(ii) 4种镰刀菌的16个真菌分离株的侵袭性。两个接种品种分别在离体大麦穗上采用喷雾接种和点接种,在FHB发病率(DI)和严重程度(DS)上表现出不同的反应。在几种试验条件下敏感的AB上,接种不同种类的镰刀菌,其DI和DS显著高于AS,表现出对镰刀菌的抗性。此外,在几种实验条件下,DI和DS的值与之前的研究结果显著相关。在大麦育种计划中使用这种简单可靠的方法可以加快对多种FHB分离株的抗性来源的鉴定过程。据我们所知,这是第一次从育种者的角度深入研究DHA对大麦植物的敏感性和不同镰刀菌物种的侵袭性的有用性。
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引用次数: 3
A review of the plant bug genus Macrotylus distributed in Hungary (Heteroptera: Miridae) 匈牙利大翅目植物蝽属研究综述(异翅目:Miridae)
Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.1556/038.2021.00131
P. E. K. obor
An overview on the representatives of the host plant specialist phyline genus Macrotylus Fieber, 1858 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) distributed in Hungary is presented, including key, diagnoses, along with taxonomic, biogeographic, and ecological notes to the discussed species. First occurrences of Macrotylus quadrilineatus (Schrank, 1825) in Hungary are reported.
摘要综述了匈牙利寄主植物巨叶藻属(Macrotylus Fieber)的代表植物,1858(半翅目:异翅目:巨叶藻科:叶藻科),包括关键字、诊断、分类、生物地理和生态学注释。报道了匈牙利首次发现的四线巨鼠(Schrank, 1825)。
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引用次数: 0
New occurrences of the ragweed leaf beetle (Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Hungary 匈牙利豚草叶甲虫(Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986)(鞘翅目,金甲科)的新发现
Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.1556/038.2021.00134
J. Kontschán, V. Kerezsi, G. Bozsik, B. Kiss
Fifteen new occurrences of ragweed leaf beetle (Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986) are presented from Hungary based on targeted faunistic investigations and the results of our call for citizen scientists. All records are concentrated on the nearby regions of Budapest, suggesting that the species was introduced to this northern central region of the country by human activity. The high number of new occurrences indicates that the species is steadily established in this region. In contrast, the natural dispersal from the neighbouring southern countries seems not to cross the Hungarian borders yet.
根据有针对性的动物学调查和我们号召公民科学家的结果,在匈牙利提出了15个新的豚草叶甲虫(Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986)。所有的记录都集中在布达佩斯附近地区,这表明该物种是通过人类活动引入该国北部中部地区的。新出现的数量之多表明该物种在该地区已稳定地定居下来。相比之下,来自邻近南部国家的自然扩散似乎还没有越过匈牙利边境。
{"title":"New occurrences of the ragweed leaf beetle (Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Hungary","authors":"J. Kontschán, V. Kerezsi, G. Bozsik, B. Kiss","doi":"10.1556/038.2021.00134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.2021.00134","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fifteen new occurrences of ragweed leaf beetle (Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986) are presented from Hungary based on targeted faunistic investigations and the results of our call for citizen scientists. All records are concentrated on the nearby regions of Budapest, suggesting that the species was introduced to this northern central region of the country by human activity. The high number of new occurrences indicates that the species is steadily established in this region. In contrast, the natural dispersal from the neighbouring southern countries seems not to cross the Hungarian borders yet.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48357620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica
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