Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.129123
Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi, Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira, Marco Augusto Machado Silva, Fabiana Azevedo Voorwald, F. Dalmolin
Mensagem da Comissão Organizadora O Colégio Brasileiro de Endoscopia e Videocirurgia Veterinária (CBEVV) é o órgão máximo das especialidades em endoscopia e videocirurgia, além de outras áreas de mínima invasão na medicina veterinária. O CBEVV abrange profissionais endoscopistas, cirurgiões e imaginologistas, assim como os clínicos que atuam em gastroenterologia, otorrinolaringologia, pneumologia, nefrologia, urologia, oncologia, neurologia, entre outros. O Colégio vem há anos sendo planejado em reuniões dos profissionais da área e nasceu oficialmente em 2019. Mesmo ainda com poucos anos de criação oficial, o CBEVV promove várias ações na área, como eventos mensais, nas Jornada de Palestras e Mesas Redondas do CBEVV, já realizou o "I Simpósio do CBEVV" e o "I Congresso Internacional do CBEVV" nos anos de 2020 e 2021 respectivamente. O II Simpósio Internacional do Colégio Brasileiro de Endoscopia e Videocirurgia Veterinária (CBEVV) foi o primeiro evento presencial do CBEVV, com transmissão simultânea online, via plataforma Zoom, para todo os participantes, realizado na sede da UFAPE, no período de 17 a 19 de novembro de 2022, na cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil o qual agregou palestras com diferentes temas e palestrantes de altíssimo nível nacional e internacional além de apresentação de trabalhos (na forma de miniconferências e de pôsteres). Esse encontro marcou o retorno às atividades presenciais do Colégio e a comissão organizadora agradece a todos os participantes por tornarem o II Simpósio Internacional do CBEVV um dos maiores da área. Desejamos a todos, ótima leitura e esperamos encontrá-los brevemente em nosso próximo evento. Comissão organizadora: Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira, Maurício Veloso Brun, Marco Augusto Machado Silva, Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi, Fabíola Dalmolin, Fabiana Azevedo Voorwald, Luís Cláudio Lopes Correia da Silva, León Simões Pinto Fontaine, Renato Leite Leonardo, Luísa Pucci Bueno Borges, José Pedro Herrera Reis Filho, Rogério Akio Nishimaru, Giovanna Bergozza Casagrande, Thiago da Silva Cardoso, Luis Gustavo e Silva Novais, Gabriela Melo Alves dos Santos, Pedro Yuri Erlacher, Beatriz Ibrahim Miranda Antunes & Adriana Ferreira e Ferreira
巴西内窥镜和兽医视频外科学院(CBEVV)是内窥镜和视频外科专业的最高机构，以及兽医医学中其他入侵最小的领域。CBEVV包括专业的内窥镜医生、外科医生和影像学家，以及在胃肠病学、耳鼻喉科、肺科、肾病学、泌尿科、肿瘤学、神经学等领域工作的临床医生。多年来，该学院一直在该领域的专业人士会议上进行规划，并于2019年正式诞生。尽管正式成立仍有几年时间，但CBEVV在该领域开展了多项活动，如每月的活动、CBEVV的讲座和圆桌会议，并分别在2020年和2021年举办了“第一届CBEVV研讨会”和“第一届CBEVV国际大会”。巴西的内窥镜和寄宿学校的二次国际研讨会Videocirurgia兽医(CBEVV)是一分之一CBEVV的体力活动,同时传输网络平台,通过放大、对所有参与者在UFAPE总部举行,在2022年11月17日至19日期间,在圣保罗,高层,除了展示作品(以小型会议和海报的形式)外，巴西还聚集了不同主题的讲座和国家和国际级别的演讲者。这次会议标志着学院重返课堂活动，组委会感谢所有与会者使第二届CBEVV国际研讨会成为该领域规模最大的研讨会之一。我们希望每个人都喜欢阅读，并希望很快在我们的下一次活动中见到你。组委会:佩德罗(玛雅··维罗索Brun马可·席尔瓦用斧Anelise Bonilla三一-Gerardi,她Dalmolin,法比安娜不是Voorwald路易斯·克劳迪斯·达席尔瓦,带(马尔科·方丹画,雷纳托牛奶赫瑞·约瑟夫·佩德罗,路易丝·博格斯璞琪好国王的儿子罗杰Akio Nishimaru乔凡娜Bergozza芬迪的路易斯·卡多佐Gustavo和蒂亚戈·席尔瓦Novais,加德梅洛。阿尔维斯的圣徒彼得·尤里ErlacherBeatriz Ibrahim Miranda Antunes & Adriana Ferreira & Ferreira
{"title":"II Simpósio Internacional do Colégio Brasileiro de Endoscopia e Videocirurgia Veterinária","authors":"Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi, Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira, Marco Augusto Machado Silva, Fabiana Azevedo Voorwald, F. Dalmolin","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.129123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.129123","url":null,"abstract":"Mensagem da Comissão Organizadora O Colégio Brasileiro de Endoscopia e Videocirurgia Veterinária (CBEVV) é o órgão máximo das especialidades em endoscopia e videocirurgia, além de outras áreas de mínima invasão na medicina veterinária. O CBEVV abrange profissionais endoscopistas, cirurgiões e imaginologistas, assim como os clínicos que atuam em gastroenterologia, otorrinolaringologia, pneumologia, nefrologia, urologia, oncologia, neurologia, entre outros. O Colégio vem há anos sendo planejado em reuniões dos profissionais da área e nasceu oficialmente em 2019. Mesmo ainda com poucos anos de criação oficial, o CBEVV promove várias ações na área, como eventos mensais, nas Jornada de Palestras e Mesas Redondas do CBEVV, já realizou o \"I Simpósio do CBEVV\" e o \"I Congresso Internacional do CBEVV\" nos anos de 2020 e 2021 respectivamente. O II Simpósio Internacional do Colégio Brasileiro de Endoscopia e Videocirurgia Veterinária (CBEVV) foi o primeiro evento presencial do CBEVV, com transmissão simultânea online, via plataforma Zoom, para todo os participantes, realizado na sede da UFAPE, no período de 17 a 19 de novembro de 2022, na cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil o qual agregou palestras com diferentes temas e palestrantes de altíssimo nível nacional e internacional além de apresentação de trabalhos (na forma de miniconferências e de pôsteres). Esse encontro marcou o retorno às atividades presenciais do Colégio e a comissão organizadora agradece a todos os participantes por tornarem o II Simpósio Internacional do CBEVV um dos maiores da área. Desejamos a todos, ótima leitura e esperamos encontrá-los brevemente em nosso próximo evento. Comissão organizadora: Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira, Maurício Veloso Brun, Marco Augusto Machado Silva, Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi, Fabíola Dalmolin, Fabiana Azevedo Voorwald, Luís Cláudio Lopes Correia da Silva, León Simões Pinto Fontaine, Renato Leite Leonardo, Luísa Pucci Bueno Borges, José Pedro Herrera Reis Filho, Rogério Akio Nishimaru, Giovanna Bergozza Casagrande, Thiago da Silva Cardoso, Luis Gustavo e Silva Novais, Gabriela Melo Alves dos Santos, Pedro Yuri Erlacher, Beatriz Ibrahim Miranda Antunes & Adriana Ferreira e Ferreira","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44402684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.125848
Mariana Almeida Oliveira, Pedro Henrique Ronchi, Gabriel Henrique Dufloth Gutschow, Malcon Andrei Martinez-Pereira
Introdução: Danos neurológicos decorrentes da cinomose são um desafio para os veterinários, devido ocasionarem sequelas clinicas que influenciam na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O tratamento destas sequelas deve buscar promover a resolução ou diminuição dos efeitos deletérios que impedem a independência do paciente. Assim, o presente relato tem como objetivo descrever a ação da medicação antiparkinsoniana (levodopa associada à carbidopa) administrada a três pacientes caninos que apresentaram sequelas neurológicas decorrentes da cinomose. Casos: Três cães: um macho, sem raça definida, 9 meses de idade, um macho Shih Tzu, com 6 meses de idade e uma fêmea sem raça definida, com 8 anos de idade, foram encaminhados para atendimento neurológico por apresentarem danos neurológicos após o acometimento da cinomose. O Cão 1 apresentou mioclonia severa, falta de propriocepção, diminuição do tônus muscular e paralisia em ambos os membros pélvicos (MP), associada a uma acentuada cifose toracolombar, enquanto o Cão 2 apresentou mioclonia em MP, perda proprioceptiva em membro torácico (MT) e PL, ausência de reflexo de retirada em MT e MP, diminuição do tônus muscular em MP e aumento em MT, já o Cão 3 apresentou mioclonia intensa, ausência de propriocepção, diminuição do tônus muscular e paresia de MP. Todos os pacientes foram tratados com medicação antiparkinsoniana (levodopa 250mg + carbidopa 25mg) nas dosagens: O cão 1 recebeu um comprimido comercialmente disponível, via oral, uma vez ao dia por 30 dias, enquanto os cães 2 e 3 tiveram doses calculadas por extrapolação alométrica, sendo 0,25 mg animal de levodopa e 0,025 mg animal de carbidopa, e 1 mg paciente de levodopa e 0,1 mg paciente de carbidopa por 30 dias, respectivamente. 30 dias após o início do tratamento todos foram reavaliados e apresentaram melhora dos sinais motores, sendo mantido o tratamento. No retorno seguinte, 30 dias, o Cão 1 apresentou melhora significativa, porém, o Cão 2 passou a apresentar crises epilépticas e nistagmo que foram tratados, enquanto o Cão 3 não retornou. Como o Cão 1 apresentou melhor prognóstico, o tratamento foi mantido por um ano, sendo a frequência alterada de 24x24h para 48x48h após 30 dias e 72x72h após mais 30 dias. Infelizmente, o cão 2 teve um agravamento da condição epilética e morreu, enquanto o cão 3 morreu por atropelamento. Discussão: Os casos relatados são incomuns, pois não existem informações sobre o uso de antiparksonianos para tratamento de danos neurológicos ocasionados pela cinomose. Embora existam terapias emergentes, como o uso de células-tronco mesenquimais, que podem reduzir essas sequelas, o acesso ainda é restrito a poucos profissionais. Assim, o uso de medicamentos para doenças desmielinizantes, como os antiparkinsonianos, pode ser uma alternativa. De fato, os três pacientes relatados apresentaram recuperação dos danos motores e sensoriais observados, o que corrobora com a possibilidade de um novo tratamento com antiparkinsonianos ou outro
{"title":"Antiparkinsoniano no tratamento de sequelas neurológicas por cinomose","authors":"Mariana Almeida Oliveira, Pedro Henrique Ronchi, Gabriel Henrique Dufloth Gutschow, Malcon Andrei Martinez-Pereira","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.125848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.125848","url":null,"abstract":"Introdução: Danos neurológicos decorrentes da cinomose são um desafio para os veterinários, devido ocasionarem sequelas clinicas que influenciam na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O tratamento destas sequelas deve buscar promover a resolução ou diminuição dos efeitos deletérios que impedem a independência do paciente. Assim, o presente relato tem como objetivo descrever a ação da medicação antiparkinsoniana (levodopa associada à carbidopa) administrada a três pacientes caninos que apresentaram sequelas neurológicas decorrentes da cinomose. Casos: Três cães: um macho, sem raça definida, 9 meses de idade, um macho Shih Tzu, com 6 meses de idade e uma fêmea sem raça definida, com 8 anos de idade, foram encaminhados para atendimento neurológico por apresentarem danos neurológicos após o acometimento da cinomose. O Cão 1 apresentou mioclonia severa, falta de propriocepção, diminuição do tônus muscular e paralisia em ambos os membros pélvicos (MP), associada a uma acentuada cifose toracolombar, enquanto o Cão 2 apresentou mioclonia em MP, perda proprioceptiva em membro torácico (MT) e PL, ausência de reflexo de retirada em MT e MP, diminuição do tônus muscular em MP e aumento em MT, já o Cão 3 apresentou mioclonia intensa, ausência de propriocepção, diminuição do tônus muscular e paresia de MP. Todos os pacientes foram tratados com medicação antiparkinsoniana (levodopa 250mg + carbidopa 25mg) nas dosagens: O cão 1 recebeu um comprimido comercialmente disponível, via oral, uma vez ao dia por 30 dias, enquanto os cães 2 e 3 tiveram doses calculadas por extrapolação alométrica, sendo 0,25 mg animal de levodopa e 0,025 mg animal de carbidopa, e 1 mg paciente de levodopa e 0,1 mg paciente de carbidopa por 30 dias, respectivamente. 30 dias após o início do tratamento todos foram reavaliados e apresentaram melhora dos sinais motores, sendo mantido o tratamento. No retorno seguinte, 30 dias, o Cão 1 apresentou melhora significativa, porém, o Cão 2 passou a apresentar crises epilépticas e nistagmo que foram tratados, enquanto o Cão 3 não retornou. Como o Cão 1 apresentou melhor prognóstico, o tratamento foi mantido por um ano, sendo a frequência alterada de 24x24h para 48x48h após 30 dias e 72x72h após mais 30 dias. Infelizmente, o cão 2 teve um agravamento da condição epilética e morreu, enquanto o cão 3 morreu por atropelamento. Discussão: Os casos relatados são incomuns, pois não existem informações sobre o uso de antiparksonianos para tratamento de danos neurológicos ocasionados pela cinomose. Embora existam terapias emergentes, como o uso de células-tronco mesenquimais, que podem reduzir essas sequelas, o acesso ainda é restrito a poucos profissionais. Assim, o uso de medicamentos para doenças desmielinizantes, como os antiparkinsonianos, pode ser uma alternativa. De fato, os três pacientes relatados apresentaram recuperação dos danos motores e sensoriais observados, o que corrobora com a possibilidade de um novo tratamento com antiparkinsonianos ou outro","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43951408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.121607
D. Ribeiro, Amanda Perini Leite, Gabriela Rotatori Alvim, Lara Garcia Costa, Zayra Siqueira Chagas, Ana Karla de Lima Silva, A. Pereira, R. Nogueira
Background: The large number of diseases demand perennial development of the pharmaceutical industry. The drug-testing phase is essential to make them available safely. Awareness of pharmacological properties, adverse effects and drug interactions is required. Drug interactions are common in veterinary medicine and should be avoided. At times, epileptic seizures require polydrug therapy, predisposing patients to drug interactions. The interaction between carbamazepine and phenobarbital reported in the literature is an example. The aim of this paper is to report a clinical picture of drug interaction in the treatment of idiopathic epilepsy. Case: A 1-year-old Border Collie male dog, was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Lavras in post-ictal. The tutor reported that a year ago the animal had epileptic seizures and clusters with intervals of 21 to 25 days. Despite the continued use of previously prescribed phenobarbital (7.4 mg/kg, v.o., BID, until new recommendations) and carbamazepine (7.5 mg/kg, v.o., BID, until new recommendations), seizure control was not achieved. The physical examination indicated, tachypnea, ptialism, mydriasis, intense fatigue, and alienation from the environment. The patient did not respond to the threat-reflex test. Blood count, hepatic and renal blood chemistry, serum electrolyte (potassium, sodium, calcium and phosphorus), and phenobarbital dosages were requested. Based on the animal's history, breed characteristics, and alterations in the physical examination associated with normal results in complementary exams, idiopathic epilepsy was diagnosed. After analyzing the case, it was observed that the inefficiency in the control of seizures was possibly due to the drug interaction between phenobarbital and carbamazepine. Carbamazepine and phenobarbital reciprocally reduce their half-lives. To confirm the raised hypothesis, the serum concentration of carbamazepine was gradually reduced through weaning from its dose administered to the patient. Serial dosage of the concentration of phenobarbital in the bloodstream was performed. As a result, the serum phenobarbital, previously dosed at a concentration of 13.3 mg/dL with concomitant administration of carbamazepine, increased to 22 mg/dL 40 days after the beginning of weaning from carbamazepine (T0), and then to 36 mg/dL 100 days after T0. There was an increase in the concentration of phenobarbital in the bloodstream while the serum concentration of carbamazepine declined. The patient spaced out his seizures to every 50 to 60 days with phenobarbital monotherapy at a dose of 6 mg/kg. Discussion: Efficient control of clusters, such as the reduction of seizures by 50%, was only possible due to the meticulous perception of the possible interaction reported in medicine. Carbamazepine and phenobarbital are P450 isoenzyme inducers. The concomitant administration of both drugs potentiated the action of isoenzymes in the hepatic microsomal system, which l
{"title":"Treatment of Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy - Clinical Picture after Drug Interaction","authors":"D. Ribeiro, Amanda Perini Leite, Gabriela Rotatori Alvim, Lara Garcia Costa, Zayra Siqueira Chagas, Ana Karla de Lima Silva, A. Pereira, R. Nogueira","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.121607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.121607","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The large number of diseases demand perennial development of the pharmaceutical industry. The drug-testing phase is essential to make them available safely. Awareness of pharmacological properties, adverse effects and drug interactions is required. Drug interactions are common in veterinary medicine and should be avoided. At times, epileptic seizures require polydrug therapy, predisposing patients to drug interactions. The interaction between carbamazepine and phenobarbital reported in the literature is an example. The aim of this paper is to report a clinical picture of drug interaction in the treatment of idiopathic epilepsy.\u0000Case: A 1-year-old Border Collie male dog, was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Lavras in post-ictal. The tutor reported that a year ago the animal had epileptic seizures and clusters with intervals of 21 to 25 days. Despite the continued use of previously prescribed phenobarbital (7.4 mg/kg, v.o., BID, until new recommendations) and carbamazepine (7.5 mg/kg, v.o., BID, until new recommendations), seizure control was not achieved. The physical examination indicated, tachypnea, ptialism, mydriasis, intense fatigue, and alienation from the environment. The patient did not respond to the threat-reflex test. Blood count, hepatic and renal blood chemistry, serum electrolyte (potassium, sodium, calcium and phosphorus), and phenobarbital dosages were requested. Based on the animal's history, breed characteristics, and alterations in the physical examination associated with normal results in complementary exams, idiopathic epilepsy was diagnosed. After analyzing the case, it was observed that the inefficiency in the control of seizures was possibly due to the drug interaction between phenobarbital and carbamazepine. Carbamazepine and phenobarbital reciprocally reduce their half-lives. To confirm the raised hypothesis, the serum concentration of carbamazepine was gradually reduced through weaning from its dose administered to the patient. Serial dosage of the concentration of phenobarbital in the bloodstream was performed. As a result, the serum phenobarbital, previously dosed at a concentration of 13.3 mg/dL with concomitant administration of carbamazepine, increased to 22 mg/dL 40 days after the beginning of weaning from carbamazepine (T0), and then to 36 mg/dL 100 days after T0. There was an increase in the concentration of phenobarbital in the bloodstream while the serum concentration of carbamazepine declined. The patient spaced out his seizures to every 50 to 60 days with phenobarbital monotherapy at a dose of 6 mg/kg.\u0000Discussion: Efficient control of clusters, such as the reduction of seizures by 50%, was only possible due to the meticulous perception of the possible interaction reported in medicine. Carbamazepine and phenobarbital are P450 isoenzyme inducers. The concomitant administration of both drugs potentiated the action of isoenzymes in the hepatic microsomal system, which l","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46067854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.121902
G. M. Madruga, Igor Cezar Kniphoff da Cruz, R. K. Carneiro, Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano, Marjury Cristina Maronez, R. Uscategui, Thais Guimarães Morato Abreu, E. Perlmann
Background: Ocular lymphoma can affect the iris, conjunctiva, choroid, and retina and is mostly associated with multicentric disease. Elastography is an ultrasound technique that provides noninvasive, pain-free assessment of tissue stiffness. It has the ability to assess subtle changes throughout the organ as well as focal lesions. Microbubble contrast ultrasound enables the detection of incipient vascular flows, which are difficult to detect using traditional ultrasound methods. This study aimed to describe acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and microbubble contrast ultrasound findings in the eyes of two dogs diagnosed with intraocular T-cell lymphoma. Cases: Case 1. Physical examination revealed an exophytic mass in the left eye. Schirmer test revealed a secretion of 22 mm/min. Negative threat reflex, glare, direct pupillary light reflex, and consensual response were also noted. Biomicroscopy revealed hyperplasia of the third eyelid, overlapping with the affected eye. When the membrane was removed, moderate conjunctival hyperemia, mucoid secretion, and buphthalmia were observed. In addition, significant corneal edema was present, making it impossible to visualize the anterior chamber and perform fundus examination. The intraocular pressure, as measured with a rebound tonometer, was 39 mmHg. B-mode ultrasonography identified amorphous, hyperechoic, and heterogeneous structures throughout the anterior chamber, iris, and ciliary body. The elastogram showed that the mass had greenish tones and intermediate stiffness, and the mean SWV of the ciliary body and iris was 2 m/s. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) revealed vascularization of the neoformation region, with wash-in, peak, and wash-out values of 9.89 s, 24.56 s, and 107.87 s, respectively. Case 2. On physical examination, a change in the shape of the right pupil was observed. Schirmer test revealed a secretion of 20 mm/min, with negative threat, glare, and pupillary reflexes to direct and consensual light. Biomicroscopy revealed neoformation from 7 am to 11 am in the sclera, retina, and choroid complex, concomitant with dyscoria and conjunctival hyperemia. The intraocular pressure, as measured by rebound tonometry, was 33 mmHg. Fundoscopy revealed a mass in the temporal region and focal retinal detachment. No changes were observed in the contralateral eye. B-mode ultrasound revealed an increase in volume in the temporal region of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid with diffuse heterogeneity and partial retinal detachment. Elastographic examination revealed shades of green and yellow compatible with increased tissue stiffness. On quantitative examination, the mean SWVs of the ciliary body and iris were 3.14 m/s. On CEUS, the neoformation region presented wash-in, peak, and wash-out values of 8.67 s, 22.33 s, and 80.20 s. Discussion: B-mode ultrasonography established the tumor extent and evaluated echogenicity, verifying the involved ocular structures. The examination playe
{"title":"Intraocular Lymphoma in Dogs - Findings of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound and ARFI Elastography","authors":"G. M. Madruga, Igor Cezar Kniphoff da Cruz, R. K. Carneiro, Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano, Marjury Cristina Maronez, R. Uscategui, Thais Guimarães Morato Abreu, E. Perlmann","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.121902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.121902","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ocular lymphoma can affect the iris, conjunctiva, choroid, and retina and is mostly associated with multicentric disease. Elastography is an ultrasound technique that provides noninvasive, pain-free assessment of tissue stiffness. It has the ability to assess subtle changes throughout the organ as well as focal lesions. Microbubble contrast ultrasound enables the detection of incipient vascular flows, which are difficult to detect using traditional ultrasound methods. This study aimed to describe acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and microbubble contrast ultrasound findings in the eyes of two dogs diagnosed with intraocular T-cell lymphoma.\u0000Cases: Case 1. Physical examination revealed an exophytic mass in the left eye. Schirmer test revealed a secretion of 22 mm/min. Negative threat reflex, glare, direct pupillary light reflex, and consensual response were also noted. Biomicroscopy revealed hyperplasia of the third eyelid, overlapping with the affected eye. When the membrane was removed, moderate conjunctival hyperemia, mucoid secretion, and buphthalmia were observed. In addition, significant corneal edema was present, making it impossible to visualize the anterior chamber and perform fundus examination. The intraocular pressure, as measured with a rebound tonometer, was 39 mmHg. B-mode ultrasonography identified amorphous, hyperechoic, and heterogeneous structures throughout the anterior chamber, iris, and ciliary body. The elastogram showed that the mass had greenish tones and intermediate stiffness, and the mean SWV of the ciliary body and iris was 2 m/s. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) revealed vascularization of the neoformation region, with wash-in, peak, and wash-out values of 9.89 s, 24.56 s, and 107.87 s, respectively. Case 2. On physical examination, a change in the shape of the right pupil was observed. Schirmer test revealed a secretion of 20 mm/min, with negative threat, glare, and pupillary reflexes to direct and consensual light. Biomicroscopy revealed neoformation from 7 am to 11 am in the sclera, retina, and choroid complex, concomitant with dyscoria and conjunctival hyperemia. The intraocular pressure, as measured by rebound tonometry, was 33 mmHg. Fundoscopy revealed a mass in the temporal region and focal retinal detachment. No changes were observed in the contralateral eye. B-mode ultrasound revealed an increase in volume in the temporal region of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid with diffuse heterogeneity and partial retinal detachment. Elastographic examination revealed shades of green and yellow compatible with increased tissue stiffness. On quantitative examination, the mean SWVs of the ciliary body and iris were 3.14 m/s. On CEUS, the neoformation region presented wash-in, peak, and wash-out values of 8.67 s, 22.33 s, and 80.20 s.\u0000Discussion: B-mode ultrasonography established the tumor extent and evaluated echogenicity, verifying the involved ocular structures. The examination playe","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42933518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.118829
Agnes Prieto Mendoça, Thaíz Furtado Silva, Reiner Silveira de Moraes, A. V. Amaral, D. G. S. Ramos
Background: Haw’s syndrome results in bilateral projection of the third eyelid, which is caused by a dysfunction of the sympathetic innervation in the region, not accompanied by other ocular changes. It has been mostly seen in cats, under 2-year-old and, it usually shows an acute presentation. It is believed that the disorder may be self-limiting, but several infectious etiologies have been proposed, together with diarrhea. The aim of the study was to report a case of a 2-year-old mixed breed male feline, castrated and diagnosed with Haw’s syndrome, associated with an infectious condition given the presence of Giardia sp.Case: A 2-year-old male, mixed-breed cat and orchiectomized, was admitted and treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Jataí. In the anamnesis, the owner complained that the cat had had pasty brown diarrhea for 4 days and a projection of the third eyelid. He emphasized that the animal used to have some episodes of diarrhea sporadically and the last deworming was carried out 3 months ago from that day. He reported contact with other random street and outdoorcats. On the physical examination, bilateral projection of the third eyelid was observed without any other visible alteration. The third eyelid projection was responsive to the mydriatic and adrenergic [phenylephrine 10%] eye drops instillation test. Complete blood count and serum biochemical evaluation of creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations were performed. In addition, abdominal ultrasound and parasitological examination of feces were requested. Complete blood count showed eosinophilia and serum biochemical evaluations were within reference values. The coproparasitological examination detected Giardia sp. On the ultrasound, no significant changes were observed. The recommended treatment was anthelmintic [fenbendazole 50 mg/kg, SID, for 5 days]. However, one week later, the coproparasitological examination still showed Giardia sp. Given this scenario, the chosen treatment was the use of nitazoxanide [25 mg/kg, BID, for 7 days]. Therefore, the patient presented emesis and the treatment with nitazoxanide had to be suspended. Thus, metronidazole [25 mg/kg, BID, for 7 days] was prescribed, in addition to the environmental disinfection and daily litter box cleaning, all performed with quaternary ammonia. After 1 week of treatment with metronidazole, the patient’s clinical improvement and reversal of the third eyelid projection were observed.Discussion: This case proved to be consistent with the data found in the literature, in which cats younger than 2-year-old are affected by Haw’s syndrome and may present concomitant diarrhea. On the physical examination, the parameters evaluated were within normal reference for the cat species and the bilateral projection of the third eyelid was the only alteration found in the patient. The prognosis for the patient with Haw’s syndrome and concomitant giardiasis is favora
{"title":"Haw’s Syndrome Associated with Giardiasis in a Cat","authors":"Agnes Prieto Mendoça, Thaíz Furtado Silva, Reiner Silveira de Moraes, A. V. Amaral, D. G. S. Ramos","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.118829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.118829","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Haw’s syndrome results in bilateral projection of the third eyelid, which is caused by a dysfunction of the sympathetic innervation in the region, not accompanied by other ocular changes. It has been mostly seen in cats, under 2-year-old and, it usually shows an acute presentation. It is believed that the disorder may be self-limiting, but several infectious etiologies have been proposed, together with diarrhea. The aim of the study was to report a case of a 2-year-old mixed breed male feline, castrated and diagnosed with Haw’s syndrome, associated with an infectious condition given the presence of Giardia sp.Case: A 2-year-old male, mixed-breed cat and orchiectomized, was admitted and treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Jataí. In the anamnesis, the owner complained that the cat had had pasty brown diarrhea for 4 days and a projection of the third eyelid. He emphasized that the animal used to have some episodes of diarrhea sporadically and the last deworming was carried out 3 months ago from that day. He reported contact with other random street and outdoorcats. On the physical examination, bilateral projection of the third eyelid was observed without any other visible alteration. The third eyelid projection was responsive to the mydriatic and adrenergic [phenylephrine 10%] eye drops instillation test. Complete blood count and serum biochemical evaluation of creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations were performed. In addition, abdominal ultrasound and parasitological examination of feces were requested. Complete blood count showed eosinophilia and serum biochemical evaluations were within reference values. The coproparasitological examination detected Giardia sp. On the ultrasound, no significant changes were observed. The recommended treatment was anthelmintic [fenbendazole 50 mg/kg, SID, for 5 days]. However, one week later, the coproparasitological examination still showed Giardia sp. Given this scenario, the chosen treatment was the use of nitazoxanide [25 mg/kg, BID, for 7 days]. Therefore, the patient presented emesis and the treatment with nitazoxanide had to be suspended. Thus, metronidazole [25 mg/kg, BID, for 7 days] was prescribed, in addition to the environmental disinfection and daily litter box cleaning, all performed with quaternary ammonia. After 1 week of treatment with metronidazole, the patient’s clinical improvement and reversal of the third eyelid projection were observed.Discussion: This case proved to be consistent with the data found in the literature, in which cats younger than 2-year-old are affected by Haw’s syndrome and may present concomitant diarrhea. On the physical examination, the parameters evaluated were within normal reference for the cat species and the bilateral projection of the third eyelid was the only alteration found in the patient. The prognosis for the patient with Haw’s syndrome and concomitant giardiasis is favora","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42452486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.120837
M. L. Ferreira, Plínio de Araújo Oliveira Neto, Raul Rousso Filho, Bruna Guedes De Carvalho, P. C. Silva, Valéria Duarte Reis Da Costa, M. V. Alves da Silva, F. A. Filho
Background: Malignant tumors are the main cause of death or euthanasia in animals. The oral cavity ranking fourth in number of occurrences. Epidemiological studies with dogs suggest that canine cancer kills 40-50% of individuals aged over 10 years. In view of the interest of academics and professionals in the healthcare of dogs and cats, this paper reports the case of a 10-month-old bitch, which, despite being a young animal, was affected alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of abrupt evolution. Case: A 10-month-old French Bulldog bitch, weighing 10 kg, was referred to a veterinary hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro for care. It had a history of mouth bleeding, after chewing a solid mineral material, edema in the region of the right maxilla, and protusion of the gland of the third eyelid. As the clinical examination also revealed a fracture of the maxillary canine, anti-inflammatory and antibiotics were prescribed, to be administered by the owner once a day for 7 days. During the next clinical examination, carried out one week later, an edema was found in the right region of the mouth, which proved difficult to examine. As the patient had already eaten, an appointment was made for the following day for an intervention int he operating room, where the animal could be anesthetized for better observation of the effected region. Blood was collected for hemogram, urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, ALT, and GGT, and an 8 h food fasting and a 4 h water fasting were recommended. On that date, once the dog had been taken to the operating room, was administered the pre anesthesia, in addition to anesthetic induction and manutention. Upon examining the oral cavity, several loose molars were found on the right side, in addition to a tumoral aspect of the gum; thus, it was decided to collect a small sample of the tumoral mass for histopathology. The surgical specimen was placed in a formalin solution and sent to the laboratory for histopathological processing and diagnosis. One week later, the tumor mass was larger and the edema in the right region of the mouth was much larger than on the day of the procedure. Thus, a computerized tomography was requested to further investigate the alterations that had occurred in such a short time. Due to the results of the histopathology and the CT, an immunohistochemical test was suggested which determined the cell profile and morphology and confirmed the diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma according to clinical suspicion. The animal remained in the veterinary hospital for a further 48 h, during which the clinical condition worsened, with the animal suffering heavy bleeding. As the patient was no longer capable of oral intake of food or water, the decision was made with the consent of the owners to induce a painless death to alleviate the suffering of the animal. However, the owners did not authorize a necropsy. Discussion: Veterinary physicians should be conscious of the treatment of serious illnesses that will not resul
{"title":"Malignant Alveolar Neoplasm in a 10-Month-Old French Bulldog","authors":"M. L. Ferreira, Plínio de Araújo Oliveira Neto, Raul Rousso Filho, Bruna Guedes De Carvalho, P. C. Silva, Valéria Duarte Reis Da Costa, M. V. Alves da Silva, F. A. Filho","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.120837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.120837","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malignant tumors are the main cause of death or euthanasia in animals. The oral cavity ranking fourth in number of occurrences. Epidemiological studies with dogs suggest that canine cancer kills 40-50% of individuals aged over 10 years. In view of the interest of academics and professionals in the healthcare of dogs and cats, this paper reports the case of a 10-month-old bitch, which, despite being a young animal, was affected alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of abrupt evolution.\u0000Case: A 10-month-old French Bulldog bitch, weighing 10 kg, was referred to a veterinary hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro for care. It had a history of mouth bleeding, after chewing a solid mineral material, edema in the region of the right maxilla, and protusion of the gland of the third eyelid. As the clinical examination also revealed a fracture of the maxillary canine, anti-inflammatory and antibiotics were prescribed, to be administered by the owner once a day for 7 days. During the next clinical examination, carried out one week later, an edema was found in the right region of the mouth, which proved difficult to examine. As the patient had already eaten, an appointment was made for the following day for an intervention int he operating room, where the animal could be anesthetized for better observation of the effected region. Blood was collected for hemogram, urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, ALT, and GGT, and an 8 h food fasting and a 4 h water fasting were recommended. On that date, once the dog had been taken to the operating room, was administered the pre anesthesia, in addition to anesthetic induction and manutention. Upon examining the oral cavity, several loose molars were found on the right side, in addition to a tumoral aspect of the gum; thus, it was decided to collect a small sample of the tumoral mass for histopathology. The surgical specimen was placed in a formalin solution and sent to the laboratory for histopathological processing and diagnosis. One week later, the tumor mass was larger and the edema in the right region of the mouth was much larger than on the day of the procedure. Thus, a computerized tomography was requested to further investigate the alterations that had occurred in such a short time. Due to the results of the histopathology and the CT, an immunohistochemical test was suggested which determined the cell profile and morphology and confirmed the diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma according to clinical suspicion. The animal remained in the veterinary hospital for a further 48 h, during which the clinical condition worsened, with the animal suffering heavy bleeding. As the patient was no longer capable of oral intake of food or water, the decision was made with the consent of the owners to induce a painless death to alleviate the suffering of the animal. However, the owners did not authorize a necropsy.\u0000Discussion: Veterinary physicians should be conscious of the treatment of serious illnesses that will not resul","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46040002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.121063
D. C. Araujo, S. Cunha, R. F. Schamall, J. I. Fernandes
Background: The most common primary brain neoplasm is meningioma. Dolichocephalic breeds are predisposed and there is no sexual predilection. Clinical signs depend on the location and size of the tumor and have a progressive course. Primary treatement includes surgery, radiotherapy or both. This study aimed to describe the treatment of a dog with suspected intracranial meningioma with definitive radiotherapy, which resulted in significant clinical improvement and prolonged survival. Case: A 9-year-old Shetland Shepherd bitch was diagnosed with a head tilt to the left side that progressed over a few weeks. She previously received corticosteroid therapy, which resulted a clinical improvement that worsened after treatment was discontinued. Computed tomography revealed an extra-axial brain mass in the caudal fossa, lateralized to the right, well-delimited, and measuring approximately 1.5 × 1.4 × 1.7 cm, suggestive of intracranial meningioma. The patient was treated with radiotherapy using Cobalt-60 equipment, with 18 daily fractions of 2.5 Gy at a total dose of 45 Gy using parallel and opposite technique fields. A new tomography performed 30 days after treatment showed a remission of 85% of the initial brain mass measuring approximately 0.9 × 1.0 × 0.5 cm, as well as complete resolution of the clinical signs initially presented. After 14 months, the patient presented with signs of lethargy and ataxia and was medicated with hydroxyurea at a dose of 50 mg/kg 3 times a week and corticosteroid therapy. However, the patient’s neurological condition deteriorated, and she was subjected to reirradiation using the same protocol used previously, which resulted in clinical improvement and a 54% reduction in tumor volume on magnetic resonance. As a late side effect, only permanent alopecia in the irradiated region was observed. The patient died of disease 330 days after the second course of radiotherapy, with a total survival time of 1087 days. Discussion: Meningiomas are extra-axial neoplasms of the central nervous system that grow inside the dura mater. The literature shows that meningiomas are more common in dolichocephalic races with a mean age of 9 years, which supports our findings. Meningiomas most commonly affect the cortical thalamus and cerebellopontine region in dogs, which are normally associated with vestibular symptoms, as seen in this case. Diencephalic damage can result in vestibular signals since the thalamus functions as a relay station for vestibular afferent stimuli that are relayed to the cerebral cortex. In addition to the vestibular syndrome, common clinical signs associated with meningiomas in dogs include seizures, behavioral changes, and walking in circles, which are frequently misinterpreted due to tumor-induced side effects, such as cerebral edema, obstructive hydrocephalus, and cerebral hernia. Advanced imaging techniques should be used to diagnose intracranial neoplasms. In this case, computed tomography was critical for diagnosis
{"title":"Intracranial Meningioma in a Dog - Treatment with Radiotherapy","authors":"D. C. Araujo, S. Cunha, R. F. Schamall, J. I. Fernandes","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.121063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.121063","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most common primary brain neoplasm is meningioma. Dolichocephalic breeds are predisposed and there is no sexual predilection. Clinical signs depend on the location and size of the tumor and have a progressive course. Primary treatement includes surgery, radiotherapy or both. This study aimed to describe the treatment of a dog with suspected intracranial meningioma with definitive radiotherapy, which resulted in significant clinical improvement and prolonged survival.\u0000Case: A 9-year-old Shetland Shepherd bitch was diagnosed with a head tilt to the left side that progressed over a few weeks. She previously received corticosteroid therapy, which resulted a clinical improvement that worsened after treatment was discontinued. Computed tomography revealed an extra-axial brain mass in the caudal fossa, lateralized to the right, well-delimited, and measuring approximately 1.5 × 1.4 × 1.7 cm, suggestive of intracranial meningioma. The patient was treated with radiotherapy using Cobalt-60 equipment, with 18 daily fractions of 2.5 Gy at a total dose of 45 Gy using parallel and opposite technique fields. A new tomography performed 30 days after treatment showed a remission of 85% of the initial brain mass measuring approximately 0.9 × 1.0 × 0.5 cm, as well as complete resolution of the clinical signs initially presented. After 14 months, the patient presented with signs of lethargy and ataxia and was medicated with hydroxyurea at a dose of 50 mg/kg 3 times a week and corticosteroid therapy. However, the patient’s neurological condition deteriorated, and she was subjected to reirradiation using the same protocol used previously, which resulted in clinical improvement and a 54% reduction in tumor volume on magnetic resonance. As a late side effect, only permanent alopecia in the irradiated region was observed. The patient died of disease 330 days after the second course of radiotherapy, with a total survival time of 1087 days.\u0000Discussion: Meningiomas are extra-axial neoplasms of the central nervous system that grow inside the dura mater. The literature shows that meningiomas are more common in dolichocephalic races with a mean age of 9 years, which supports our findings. Meningiomas most commonly affect the cortical thalamus and cerebellopontine region in dogs, which are normally associated with vestibular symptoms, as seen in this case. Diencephalic damage can result in vestibular signals since the thalamus functions as a relay station for vestibular afferent stimuli that are relayed to the cerebral cortex. In addition to the vestibular syndrome, common clinical signs associated with meningiomas in dogs include seizures, behavioral changes, and walking in circles, which are frequently misinterpreted due to tumor-induced side effects, such as cerebral edema, obstructive hydrocephalus, and cerebral hernia. Advanced imaging techniques should be used to diagnose intracranial neoplasms. In this case, computed tomography was critical for diagnosis ","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43295627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.120514
Felipe Noleto de Paiva, B. Ferrari, Michelle Lussac Silva, Lizandra de Fátima Brandão Torquato, Max Ferreira De Andrade, M. Fernandes, T. S. Costa, J. I. Fernandes
Background: Urethral tumors are uncommon in canines, represented predominantly by transitional cell carcinoma, marked by aggressive behavior associated with short life expectancy. Definitive diagnosis is achieved by histopathological analysis. Surgery associated with chemotherapy is the main therapeutic alternative. The aim of this paper is to report a case of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra in a bitch, submitted to surgical treatment associated with conventional adjuvant chemotherapy and metronomic chemotherapy, achieving survival of 21 months, to date. Case: A 12-year-old bitch mixed breed was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital of Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), manifesting hematuria and urinary incontinence for one month. Physical examination indicated that vital parameters were within normal limits. Laboratory tests of blood count and serum biochemistry, urinalysis, culture, urinary antibiogram, and abdominal ultrasound were performed. The ultrasound image suggested a neoplastic urethral process. Because of the suspicion of neoplasm, a thoracic X-ray was performed, showing no evidence of metastasis. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdominal region was performed, revealing an expansive lesion in the urethra with loss of definition of the walls and urethral lumen extending to the level of the pelvic floor, measuring about 2.9 x 1.4 x 1.2 cm. After pre-anesthetic exams, the animal underwent resection and surgical anastomosis of the affected urethral region. The sectioned tissue was sent for histopathological analysis, with diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed using carboplatin at a dose of 250 mg/m², intravenously, every 21 days for 6 sessions. After completing the protocol, abdominal ultrasonography was performed again, which showed a cicatricial process in the urethral region of the surgical excision, with no sign of tumor recurrence. A metronomic chemotherapy protocol was then started with cyclophosphamide at a dose of 15 mg/m², daily for 6 months, with periodic oncological follow-up. At the end of the period, the animal remained under periodic follow-up with ultrasound exams performed at 2-month intervals, and has been free from recurrence for 21 months until now. Discussion: Urethral neoplasms account for 0.5 - 2% of all canine tumors, and are represented mostly by transitional cell carcinomas. Clinical signs of urinary obstruction and hematuria are the most common, as reported in the patient in question. The definitive diagnosis is by histopathological examination. However, imaging tests such as computed tomography are important in the initial investigation and surgical planning. The indicated treatment is surgical resection of the mass with subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The chemotherapy protocol associating cisplatin and piroxicam can achieve remission rates of 70%, but this association has a high nephrotoxic effect. In the present case, c
背景:尿道肿瘤在犬类中并不常见，主要表现为移行细胞癌，其特征是攻击性行为，且预期寿命短。最终诊断是通过组织病理学分析。手术联合化疗是主要的治疗选择。本文报告1例母狗原发性尿道移行细胞癌，经手术治疗，伴常规辅助化疗及节律化疗，存活21个月。病例:一只12岁的混血母狗在里约热内卢联邦农村大学兽医院(UFRRJ)住院，表现为血尿和尿失禁一个月。体格检查显示重要参数在正常范围内。进行了血球计数和血清生化、尿液分析、培养、尿抗菌谱和腹部超声等实验室检查。超声提示肿瘤性尿道突。由于怀疑为肿瘤，行胸片检查，未见转移迹象。腹部计算机断层扫描(CT)显示尿道扩张病变，尿道壁和尿道管腔模糊，延伸至盆底，尺寸约为2.9 x 1.4 x 1.2 cm。在麻醉前检查后，动物接受了受影响尿道区域的切除和手术吻合。切片组织送组织病理分析，诊断为移行细胞癌。辅助化疗使用卡铂，剂量为250 mg/m²，静脉注射，每21天进行6次。完成方案后再次行腹部超声检查，发现手术切除的尿道区有瘢痕化过程，未见肿瘤复发迹象。然后以环磷酰胺15mg /m²的剂量开始节律化疗方案，每日6个月，并定期进行肿瘤随访。期间结束后，动物仍定期随访，每2个月进行一次超声检查，至今已有21个月无复发。讨论:尿道肿瘤占犬所有肿瘤的0.5 - 2%，以移行细胞癌为主。尿路梗阻和血尿的临床症状是最常见的，正如所报道的病人。最终的诊断是通过组织病理学检查。然而，影像学检查，如计算机断层扫描是重要的初步调查和手术计划。适应症的治疗是手术切除肿块并辅以化疗或放疗。联合顺铂和吡罗昔康的化疗方案可以达到70%的缓解率，但这种联合有很高的肾毒性作用。在本病例中，顺铂被卡铂取代，以减少化疗的肾毒性作用。在常规化疗方案结束时，使用环磷酰胺的节拍法方案作为维持治疗。在尿道区移行细胞癌的病例中，获得的生存时间比文献中描述的要长。因此，采用手术联合常规和节奏化疗的多模式治疗是犬尿道癌的一种选择。关键词:犬，尿道肿瘤，手术，化疗。Título:输尿管癌primário迟发性肿瘤-多模式治疗描述:犬，输尿管瘤变，神经痛，畸形。
{"title":"Primary Urethral Carcinoma in a Bitch - Multimodal Treatment","authors":"Felipe Noleto de Paiva, B. Ferrari, Michelle Lussac Silva, Lizandra de Fátima Brandão Torquato, Max Ferreira De Andrade, M. Fernandes, T. S. Costa, J. I. Fernandes","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.120514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.120514","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urethral tumors are uncommon in canines, represented predominantly by transitional cell carcinoma, marked by aggressive behavior associated with short life expectancy. Definitive diagnosis is achieved by histopathological analysis. Surgery associated with chemotherapy is the main therapeutic alternative. The aim of this paper is to report a case of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra in a bitch, submitted to surgical treatment associated with conventional adjuvant chemotherapy and metronomic chemotherapy, achieving survival of 21 months, to date.\u0000Case: A 12-year-old bitch mixed breed was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital of Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), manifesting hematuria and urinary incontinence for one month. Physical examination indicated that vital parameters were within normal limits. Laboratory tests of blood count and serum biochemistry, urinalysis, culture, urinary antibiogram, and abdominal ultrasound were performed. The ultrasound image suggested a neoplastic urethral process. Because of the suspicion of neoplasm, a thoracic X-ray was performed, showing no evidence of metastasis. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdominal region was performed, revealing an expansive lesion in the urethra with loss of definition of the walls and urethral lumen extending to the level of the pelvic floor, measuring about 2.9 x 1.4 x 1.2 cm. After pre-anesthetic exams, the animal underwent resection and surgical anastomosis of the affected urethral region. The sectioned tissue was sent for histopathological analysis, with diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed using carboplatin at a dose of 250 mg/m², intravenously, every 21 days for 6 sessions. After completing the protocol, abdominal ultrasonography was performed again, which showed a cicatricial process in the urethral region of the surgical excision, with no sign of tumor recurrence. A metronomic chemotherapy protocol was then started with cyclophosphamide at a dose of 15 mg/m², daily for 6 months, with periodic oncological follow-up. At the end of the period, the animal remained under periodic follow-up with ultrasound exams performed at 2-month intervals, and has been free from recurrence for 21 months until now.\u0000Discussion: Urethral neoplasms account for 0.5 - 2% of all canine tumors, and are represented mostly by transitional cell carcinomas. Clinical signs of urinary obstruction and hematuria are the most common, as reported in the patient in question. The definitive diagnosis is by histopathological examination. However, imaging tests such as computed tomography are important in the initial investigation and surgical planning. The indicated treatment is surgical resection of the mass with subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The chemotherapy protocol associating cisplatin and piroxicam can achieve remission rates of 70%, but this association has a high nephrotoxic effect. In the present case, c","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42519041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-23DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.118203
Janez Matos, Samoel Ricardo Maldaner, L. Gruchouskei, Luciana Machado, F. Zuliani, A. M. B. Cavalca, C. E. F. Alves, F. Elias
Background: Stephanofilariasis is a parasitic disease caused by the nematode Stephanofilaria spp., considered a zoonotic disease, that affects several species, mainly dairy cattle. The condition causes chronic ulcerative dermatitis, due to the mechanical action of the parasite on the hair follicles and dermal papillae. The recommended diagnostic method is histopathological examination, but alternative methods have been studied for the detection of the agent since it does not demonstrate good results. There is no specific treatment, however, the use of organophosphates is recommended. The objective of this work is to report an outbreak of stephanofilariasis with unusual lesions in cattle from a dairy cattle farm in the city of Boa Vista do Buricá, RS, Brazil, as well as to demonstrate an alternative method for the diagnosis of the disease. Cases: We prospectively evaluated 15 Holstein cows, aged between 1 and 10-year-old whose data and materials for diagnosis, were provided by the property owner. The outbreak occurred in the summer, in a period of greater rainfall, affecting cows of different ages and totaling 48% of the herd. These showed ulcerative lesions on the skin of the groin, limbs and interdigital regions, and less frequently in the udder. The samples were obtained through tissue biopsy and scraped from the lesions, being packed in 10% formaldehyde for fixation. Afterward, the formaldehyde was centrifuged at 800 g for 5 min, which consisted of analyzing the sediment through optical microscopy and without staining, aiming at the direct search of the agent. The tissues, on the other hand, underwent routine processing and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Histopathological analysis did not reveal Stephanofilaria sp. subjects in morphological analysis and revealed acanthosis, spongiosis, ulcers and fibrosis in the analyzed tissue. The examination of direct research with formaldehyde proved to be efficient, and fast. In the direct examination of the agent, structures similar to filarial and compatible with Stephanofilaria sp. in all samples. Thus, the present study demonstrated that filariasis can present in the form of outbreaks and with unusual injuries. The examination of direct research with formaldehyde, proved to be efficient and fast. Discussion: Semi-confined and confined animals may have a higher occurrence of strephanofilariasis, since the parasite needs humid and warm environments to proliferate and that, the proliferation of stephanophilariasis vectors is intensified in environments with low sunlight, high temperatures, high humidity, and low cleaning frequency. The city of Boa Vista do Buricá, where the outbreak occurred, reached a minimum average temperature of 18.5ºC and an average of 29ºC, with an average rainfall of 120.5 mm. Cutaneous lesions have been seen in animals from 1 to 10 years of age and no racial predisposition, age, or blackout stage is reported. The histological diagnosis, although mentioned as a form of diagn
{"title":"Stephanofilariasis in Holstein Cows - Diagnostic Approach In Southern Brazil","authors":"Janez Matos, Samoel Ricardo Maldaner, L. Gruchouskei, Luciana Machado, F. Zuliani, A. M. B. Cavalca, C. E. F. Alves, F. Elias","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.118203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.118203","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stephanofilariasis is a parasitic disease caused by the nematode Stephanofilaria spp., considered a zoonotic disease, that affects several species, mainly dairy cattle. The condition causes chronic ulcerative dermatitis, due to the mechanical action of the parasite on the hair follicles and dermal papillae. The recommended diagnostic method is histopathological examination, but alternative methods have been studied for the detection of the agent since it does not demonstrate good results. There is no specific treatment, however, the use of organophosphates is recommended. The objective of this work is to report an outbreak of stephanofilariasis with unusual lesions in cattle from a dairy cattle farm in the city of Boa Vista do Buricá, RS, Brazil, as well as to demonstrate an alternative method for the diagnosis of the disease.\u0000Cases: We prospectively evaluated 15 Holstein cows, aged between 1 and 10-year-old whose data and materials for diagnosis, were provided by the property owner. The outbreak occurred in the summer, in a period of greater rainfall, affecting cows of different ages and totaling 48% of the herd. These showed ulcerative lesions on the skin of the groin, limbs and interdigital regions, and less frequently in the udder. The samples were obtained through tissue biopsy and scraped from the lesions, being packed in 10% formaldehyde for fixation. Afterward, the formaldehyde was centrifuged at 800 g for 5 min, which consisted of analyzing the sediment through optical microscopy and without staining, aiming at the direct search of the agent. The tissues, on the other hand, underwent routine processing and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Histopathological analysis did not reveal Stephanofilaria sp. subjects in morphological analysis and revealed acanthosis, spongiosis, ulcers and fibrosis in the analyzed tissue. The examination of direct research with formaldehyde proved to be efficient, and fast. In the direct examination of the agent, structures similar to filarial and compatible with Stephanofilaria sp. in all samples. Thus, the present study demonstrated that filariasis can present in the form of outbreaks and with unusual injuries. The examination of direct research with formaldehyde, proved to be efficient and fast.\u0000Discussion: Semi-confined and confined animals may have a higher occurrence of strephanofilariasis, since the parasite needs humid and warm environments to proliferate and that, the proliferation of stephanophilariasis vectors is intensified in environments with low sunlight, high temperatures, high humidity, and low cleaning frequency. The city of Boa Vista do Buricá, where the outbreak occurred, reached a minimum average temperature of 18.5ºC and an average of 29ºC, with an average rainfall of 120.5 mm. Cutaneous lesions have been seen in animals from 1 to 10 years of age and no racial predisposition, age, or blackout stage is reported. The histological diagnosis, although mentioned as a form of diagn","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-23DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.119979
Luana Baptista De Azevedo, Bruna Bertin Fenner, S. Dalegrave, Camilla Federizzi Vedana, Letícia Ângela Tomazzoni Toigo, Natali Gabriela Gauer, E. C. De Oliveira
Background: Mediastinal lymphoma occurs at a high incidence in cats positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV). It is a malignant lymphocytic neoplasm that may trigger clinical signs such as dyspnea, apathy, regurgitation, and weight loss. The objective of this work is to report a case of mediastinal lymphoma associated with FeLV in a cat, and describe the clinical, pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects that can help the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Case: A 3-year-old male neutered cat weighing 4.6 kg, positive for FeLV, and with a history of dyspnea and hyporexia was referred to a private veterinary clinic in the city of Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil. The only alteration found at the clinical examination was a muffled sound during lung auscultation. Radiographs of the thorax revealed the presence of pleural effusion; after drainage of the fluid, a mass located in the mediastinal area became radiographically observable. An analysis of the effusion fluid showed high cellularity characterized by a markedly pleomorphic population of individual round cells consistent with lymphocytes. Small lymphocytes with a high nucleus:cytoplasm ratio, round nucleus, condensed chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli were observed, along with medium and large lymphocytes. The medium and large lymphocytes were characterized by a variably increased nucleus:cytoplasm ratio and a scant to moderate cytoplasm exhibiting moderate to intense basophilia and, occasionally, vacuoles. The nuclei were round, idented, or irregular; most of them were located eccentrically and contained coarse to finely granular chromatin. Nucleoli varied from single to multiple, round to angular, and central to peripheral and prominent. Macronucleoli and marked anisonucleosis were also observed, as well as binucleated cells and rare multinucleated cells. The conclusion was that it was a case of neoplastic effusion caused by a lymphoma. After an appointment with an oncologist, a chemotherapy protocol was established. The treatment of choice was CHOP, a combination of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg orally), doxorubicin (1 mg/kg intravenously), vincristine (0.5 mg/m2 intravenously), and prednisolone with a regressive dose starting at 2 mg/kg. The patient underwent 4 rounds of chemotherapy, and received a maintenance treatment thereafter. The patient’s condition remained stable for 390 days without relevant clinical or hematological alterations. Discussion: The diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma was established by associating clinical finings, laboratory exams, and radiographic findings. Exams of utmost importance to reach this diagnosis were the thoracic radiography, which revealed the presence of a mass in the thorax, and the cytopathological analysis of the effusion fluid, as round cell neoplasms are easily dissociated. Young cats are the group most affected by FeLV, and mediastinal lymphoma is considered the most prevalent type of lymphoma in this species. The most common clinical sig
{"title":"Mediastinal Lymphoma in a Cat with Feline Leukemia Virus Mediastinal Lymphoma in a Cat with Feline Leukemia Virus","authors":"Luana Baptista De Azevedo, Bruna Bertin Fenner, S. Dalegrave, Camilla Federizzi Vedana, Letícia Ângela Tomazzoni Toigo, Natali Gabriela Gauer, E. C. De Oliveira","doi":"10.22456/1679-9216.119979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.119979","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mediastinal lymphoma occurs at a high incidence in cats positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV). It is a malignant lymphocytic neoplasm that may trigger clinical signs such as dyspnea, apathy, regurgitation, and weight loss. The objective of this work is to report a case of mediastinal lymphoma associated with FeLV in a cat, and describe the clinical, pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects that can help the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.\u0000Case: A 3-year-old male neutered cat weighing 4.6 kg, positive for FeLV, and with a history of dyspnea and hyporexia was referred to a private veterinary clinic in the city of Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil. The only alteration found at the clinical examination was a muffled sound during lung auscultation. Radiographs of the thorax revealed the presence of pleural effusion; after drainage of the fluid, a mass located in the mediastinal area became radiographically observable. An analysis of the effusion fluid showed high cellularity characterized by a markedly pleomorphic population of individual round cells consistent with lymphocytes. Small lymphocytes with a high nucleus:cytoplasm ratio, round nucleus, condensed chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli were observed, along with medium and large lymphocytes. The medium and large lymphocytes were characterized by a variably increased nucleus:cytoplasm ratio and a scant to moderate cytoplasm exhibiting moderate to intense basophilia and, occasionally, vacuoles. The nuclei were round, idented, or irregular; most of them were located eccentrically and contained coarse to finely granular chromatin. Nucleoli varied from single to multiple, round to angular, and central to peripheral and prominent. Macronucleoli and marked anisonucleosis were also observed, as well as binucleated cells and rare multinucleated cells. The conclusion was that it was a case of neoplastic effusion caused by a lymphoma. After an appointment with an oncologist, a chemotherapy protocol was established. The treatment of choice was CHOP, a combination of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg orally), doxorubicin (1 mg/kg intravenously), vincristine (0.5 mg/m2 intravenously), and prednisolone with a regressive dose starting at 2 mg/kg. The patient underwent 4 rounds of chemotherapy, and received a maintenance treatment thereafter. The patient’s condition remained stable for 390 days without relevant clinical or hematological alterations.\u0000Discussion: The diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma was established by associating clinical finings, laboratory exams, and radiographic findings. Exams of utmost importance to reach this diagnosis were the thoracic radiography, which revealed the presence of a mass in the thorax, and the cytopathological analysis of the effusion fluid, as round cell neoplasms are easily dissociated. Young cats are the group most affected by FeLV, and mediastinal lymphoma is considered the most prevalent type of lymphoma in this species. The most common clinical sig","PeriodicalId":7182,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47242471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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