A. Chiriac, P. Brzeziński, A. Chiriac, Tudor Pinteala, Cristina Bîrsan
Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma is a chronic, benign, and painless facial nodule occurring exclusively in childhood. A case of idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma located on the right cheek of a 2.3-year old boy is described. Repeated assessment of the skin, using a skin pressurization method, revealed no Demodex spp. parasites. Good progress was made after a long treatment with 1% metronidazole cream.
{"title":"Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma in a two-year old boy: A case report","authors":"A. Chiriac, P. Brzeziński, A. Chiriac, Tudor Pinteala, Cristina Bîrsan","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma is a chronic, benign, and painless facial nodule occurring exclusively in childhood. A case of idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma located on the right cheek of a 2.3-year old boy is described. Repeated assessment of the skin, using a skin pressurization method, revealed no Demodex spp. parasites. Good progress was made after a long treatment with 1% metronidazole cream.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66237977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ayanniyi, K. Monsudi, T. Oduola, Fatai, O. Olatunji
Background: This survey of Nigerian youth corps graduates assessed their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and its association with ocular health. Methods: Nigerian youth corps graduates were surveyed using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The study included 181 participants, including 95 males, with a mean age of 26 years. Results: 94.5% of the graduates knew the full HIV and AIDS acronyms; only 10 gave either the wrong expanded form or did not know it. 60.8% knew that HIV had no cure, while 22.7% believed that it did. Mass media and health workers were the two most common sources of information about HIV/AIDS. Most members of the corps knew sexual intercourse (97.2%), contaminated blood (91.7%), contaminated sharps (89.5%), and placental transfer or breastfeeding (80.1%) could transmit HIV. About two-fifths of the corps knew HIV could affect the eyes (42%), be contracted through tears (40.9%), and cause blindness (38.7%). However, at least one-fifth believed that HIV could not be contracted through these means. Moreover, about half of the participants did not know that HIV had been isolated from tears (52.5%), intraocular fluids (54.1%), and eye tissues (52.5%) or that it could be contracted through donor eye tissue (44.8%). 26.5% knew that an eye condition could be the first symptom of the onset of HIV/AIDS. Conclusions: This study revealed a high level of awareness of HIV/AIDS among Nigerian youths. However, gaps in knowledge of HIV and the need to drive HIV prevention should be addressed through continuing HIV education.
{"title":"Awareness and knowledge of HIV and its effect on ocular health among the Nigerian graduate youth corps","authors":"A. Ayanniyi, K. Monsudi, T. Oduola, Fatai, O. Olatunji","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This survey of Nigerian youth corps graduates assessed their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and its association with ocular health. Methods: Nigerian youth corps graduates were surveyed using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The study included 181 participants, including 95 males, with a mean age of 26 years. Results: 94.5% of the graduates knew the full HIV and AIDS acronyms; only 10 gave either the wrong expanded form or did not know it. 60.8% knew that HIV had no cure, while 22.7% believed that it did. Mass media and health workers were the two most common sources of information about HIV/AIDS. Most members of the corps knew sexual intercourse (97.2%), contaminated blood (91.7%), contaminated sharps (89.5%), and placental transfer or breastfeeding (80.1%) could transmit HIV. About two-fifths of the corps knew HIV could affect the eyes (42%), be contracted through tears (40.9%), and cause blindness (38.7%). However, at least one-fifth believed that HIV could not be contracted through these means. Moreover, about half of the participants did not know that HIV had been isolated from tears (52.5%), intraocular fluids (54.1%), and eye tissues (52.5%) or that it could be contracted through donor eye tissue (44.8%). 26.5% knew that an eye condition could be the first symptom of the onset of HIV/AIDS. Conclusions: This study revealed a high level of awareness of HIV/AIDS among Nigerian youths. However, gaps in knowledge of HIV and the need to drive HIV prevention should be addressed through continuing HIV education.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66238422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Marec-Berard, A. Montella, C. Schmitt, Séverine Bobillier-Chaumont, S. Gorde‐Grosjean, C. Berhoune
Background: Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is a painful procedure often requested in paediatric haematology and oncology. The role of local anaesthesia during BMA is matter of debate. This study assessed pain induced by BMA in children who received standard analgesic premedication with or without additional subcutaneous administration of local anaesthesia. Methods: This non-randomised prospective study included 100 patients (age range 5-21 years) who underwent BMA for the diagnosis or treatment of malignancy in a paediatric oncology unit between March 2009 and October 2010. Patients received standard premedication with topical anaesthesia, inhaled nitrous oxide, anxiolytics and analgesics, which was combined or not with administration of local anaesthesia (lidocaine). The children, nurses and doctors all graded procedural pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Data were statistically analysed, with each procedure serving as a statistical unit. Results: For 100 BMA procedures performed during the study period, the mean pain rating by children was 2.2, with 38 subjects reporting no pain. Use of lidocaine (19%) induced a mean pain score of 1.6, with 11 patients (57.9%) reporting no pain. Without lidocaine, the mean score was 2.3, and only 27 children (33.3%) reported no pain. Patients undergoing BMA for the first time more frequently graded pain as “0” (p=0.008). Ratings by patients and caregivers correlated poorly; 29.6% of nurses and 34.7% of doctors underestimated procedural pain. Conclusions: Our findings do not clearly demonstrate that addition of local anaesthetic to standard premedication reduces BMA-induced pain. Nevertheless, we provide valuable information on VAS scoring during BMA with standard premedication
{"title":"Evaluation of lidocaine infiltration efficiency for pain relief during bone marrow aspiration in children with cancer","authors":"P. Marec-Berard, A. Montella, C. Schmitt, Séverine Bobillier-Chaumont, S. Gorde‐Grosjean, C. Berhoune","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is a painful procedure often requested in paediatric haematology and oncology. The role of local anaesthesia during BMA is matter of debate. This study assessed pain induced by BMA in children who received standard analgesic premedication with or without additional subcutaneous administration of local anaesthesia. Methods: This non-randomised prospective study included 100 patients (age range 5-21 years) who underwent BMA for the diagnosis or treatment of malignancy in a paediatric oncology unit between March 2009 and October 2010. Patients received standard premedication with topical anaesthesia, inhaled nitrous oxide, anxiolytics and analgesics, which was combined or not with administration of local anaesthesia (lidocaine). The children, nurses and doctors all graded procedural pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Data were statistically analysed, with each procedure serving as a statistical unit. Results: For 100 BMA procedures performed during the study period, the mean pain rating by children was 2.2, with 38 subjects reporting no pain. Use of lidocaine (19%) induced a mean pain score of 1.6, with 11 patients (57.9%) reporting no pain. Without lidocaine, the mean score was 2.3, and only 27 children (33.3%) reported no pain. Patients undergoing BMA for the first time more frequently graded pain as “0” (p=0.008). Ratings by patients and caregivers correlated poorly; 29.6% of nurses and 34.7% of doctors underestimated procedural pain. Conclusions: Our findings do not clearly demonstrate that addition of local anaesthetic to standard premedication reduces BMA-induced pain. Nevertheless, we provide valuable information on VAS scoring during BMA with standard premedication","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66239388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yakup Çetin, Robert B. Lull, M. Çelikbaş, B. Bushman
Background: Humans are hard-wired to pay attention to violent and sexual cues. Because humans have limited attention capacity, attention allocated to violent and sexual cues decreases attention that can be allocated to encoding important information in school. This study examined the effects of exposure to violent and sexual media on general school performance and Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) scores in Turkish youth. Methods: The relationship between exposure to violent and sexual media on school performance was assessed in a sample of 1545 Turkish adolescents. Then, we compared the TOEFL scores of 143 Turkish boys aged 14 to 18 divided in 71 living in dormitories in which consumption of media was strictly regulated and 72 living at home. Results: A significant negative relationship was found between exposure to violent/sexual media and school success. The effects remained significant even after controlling for the total amount of media exposure. In addition, boys living in the dormitory in which consumption of media was strictly regulated outscored those living at home on the TOEFL post-test immediately after the end of the study, and on a delayed post-test one week later. Conclusions: Because there was no difference between boys living at home and those living in a dormitory on the pre-test, the post-test and delayed post-test differences cannot be attributed to initial differences in English language proficiency. These results suggest that exposure to violent and sexual media impairs adolescent school performance and foreign language memory.
{"title":"Exposure to violent and sexual media content undermines school performance in youth","authors":"Yakup Çetin, Robert B. Lull, M. Çelikbaş, B. Bushman","doi":"10.12715/APR.2015.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/APR.2015.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Humans are hard-wired to pay attention to violent and sexual cues. Because humans have limited attention capacity, attention allocated to violent and sexual cues decreases attention that can be allocated to encoding important information in school. This study examined the effects of exposure to violent and sexual media on general school performance and Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) scores in Turkish youth. Methods: The relationship between exposure to violent and sexual media on school performance was assessed in a sample of 1545 Turkish adolescents. Then, we compared the TOEFL scores of 143 Turkish boys aged 14 to 18 divided in 71 living in dormitories in which consumption of media was strictly regulated and 72 living at home. Results: A significant negative relationship was found between exposure to violent/sexual media and school success. The effects remained significant even after controlling for the total amount of media exposure. In addition, boys living in the dormitory in which consumption of media was strictly regulated outscored those living at home on the TOEFL post-test immediately after the end of the study, and on a delayed post-test one week later. Conclusions: Because there was no difference between boys living at home and those living in a dormitory on the pre-test, the post-test and delayed post-test differences cannot be attributed to initial differences in English language proficiency. These results suggest that exposure to violent and sexual media impairs adolescent school performance and foreign language memory.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66239337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papilledema has long been considered a hallmark of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, a disease defined by elevated intracranial pressure with indiscernible etiology. Papilledema is often seen in the pediatric population, and as such can lead to delays in diagnosis, and often misdiagnosis. Here, we describe three children who were confirmed to have idiopathic intracranial hypertension with raised intracranial pressure by repeated lumbar puncture or intracranial pressure monitoring, normal neuroimaging and absence of papilledema. All three cases had atypical clinical presentations with visual disturbances or photophobia. The patients had a normal body mass index. This case series demonstrates that idiopathic intracranial hypertension can manifest in the absence of clinically obvious papilledema, and has, as such, the potential to cause permanent visual loss if the diagnosis is missed.
{"title":"Idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema in children: A case series","authors":"K. Matheos, S. Dai","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Papilledema has long been considered a hallmark of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, a disease defined by elevated intracranial pressure with indiscernible etiology. Papilledema is often seen in the pediatric population, and as such can lead to delays in diagnosis, and often misdiagnosis. Here, we describe three children who were confirmed to have idiopathic intracranial hypertension with raised intracranial pressure by repeated lumbar puncture or intracranial pressure monitoring, normal neuroimaging and absence of papilledema. All three cases had atypical clinical presentations with visual disturbances or photophobia. The patients had a normal body mass index. This case series demonstrates that idiopathic intracranial hypertension can manifest in the absence of clinically obvious papilledema, and has, as such, the potential to cause permanent visual loss if the diagnosis is missed.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66238041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Parental recognition has been shown to produce more accurate information about child’s vocabulary compared to remembering. The differences in reporting vocabulary are of interest. Our aims were to determine the extent of vocabulary overlap in the two report types, to identify the word report frequency and the proportions of word categories according to the report type. Methods: The subjects were 219 children (125 boys and 94 girls) at the age of 0;8 to 1;4 (M = 10.41, SD = 1.96) who had one to three words reported in the ECDI Infant Form. In this study parents reported children’s current vocabulary in two ways: Estonian version of MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Language and Gestures (henceforth ECDI Infant Form) and free recall. Results: On 40% of occasions a word was reported in both ways. Three most frequent words in both report types were aitah 'thanks', namm-namm 'yum-yum', and emme 'mommy'. Words belonging to the categories of sound effects and animal sounds as well as social terms had higher average frequency of reports than common nouns regardless of report type. Conclusions: These results may reflect differences in what parents consider to be a word and raise a question of social desirability in parental reports.
{"title":"The very first words of Estonian children: A comparison of two parental report types","authors":"Astra Schults, T. Tulviste","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parental recognition has been shown to produce more accurate information about child’s vocabulary compared to remembering. The differences in reporting vocabulary are of interest. Our aims were to determine the extent of vocabulary overlap in the two report types, to identify the word report frequency and the proportions of word categories according to the report type. Methods: The subjects were 219 children (125 boys and 94 girls) at the age of 0;8 to 1;4 (M = 10.41, SD = 1.96) who had one to three words reported in the ECDI Infant Form. In this study parents reported children’s current vocabulary in two ways: Estonian version of MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Language and Gestures (henceforth ECDI Infant Form) and free recall. Results: On 40% of occasions a word was reported in both ways. Three most frequent words in both report types were aitah 'thanks', namm-namm 'yum-yum', and emme 'mommy'. Words belonging to the categories of sound effects and animal sounds as well as social terms had higher average frequency of reports than common nouns regardless of report type. Conclusions: These results may reflect differences in what parents consider to be a word and raise a question of social desirability in parental reports.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66238113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. J. Mano, K. Bergmann, Jacquelyn Corvan, S. Weisman, W. HobartDavies, K. Hainsworth
Background: Overweight and obese youth are at an increased risk for chronic pain. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether parental perceptions of youth pain complaints are influenced by youth weight status or the provision of a medical diagnosis for the pain problem. Methods: Using an analogue model, participants (N=272 parents) read a randomly assigned vignette and completed a 26-item questionnaire. Vignettes varied according to a 2 X 2 design (weight status: obese versus normal weight; medical diagnosis: presence versus absence). A two-group between-subjects multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted. Results: There was a statistically significant main effect for weight status (F (2, 230) = 5.840, p 0.05). Providing a medical diagnosis for the pain problem did not affect parents’ perceptions. Conclusions: Results suggest that obesity strongly influences parents’ perceptions of youth pain reports. Parents of youth with chronic pain may perceive their children’s pain as more modifiable as a function of their child’s obesity. The current findings are an impetus to examine factors that may positively influence perceptions of pain legitimacy and attitudes toward the child.
背景:超重和肥胖青少年患慢性疼痛的风险增加。本研究的目的是调查父母对青少年疼痛投诉的看法是否受到青少年体重状况或提供疼痛问题的医疗诊断的影响。方法:采用模拟模型，参与者(N=272名家长)阅读随机分配的小短文并完成26项问卷调查。小插曲根据2 × 2设计而变化(体重状况:肥胖与正常体重;医学诊断:存在与缺席)。进行两组受试者间多变量方差分析(MANOVA)。结果:体重状况的主效应有统计学意义(F (2,230) = 5.840, p 0.05)。为疼痛问题提供医学诊断并不影响父母的看法。结论:结果表明肥胖强烈影响父母对青少年疼痛报告的看法。患有慢性疼痛的青少年的父母可能会认为他们孩子的疼痛更容易改变，因为他们的孩子肥胖。目前的发现是一个动力，以检查因素，可能会积极影响感知疼痛的合法性和对孩子的态度。
{"title":"Does obesity among youth with chronic pain affect the way parentsperceive their children’s pain?","authors":"K. J. Mano, K. Bergmann, Jacquelyn Corvan, S. Weisman, W. HobartDavies, K. Hainsworth","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Overweight and obese youth are at an increased risk for chronic pain. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether parental perceptions of youth pain complaints are influenced by youth weight status or the provision of a medical diagnosis for the pain problem. Methods: Using an analogue model, participants (N=272 parents) read a randomly assigned vignette and completed a 26-item questionnaire. Vignettes varied according to a 2 X 2 design (weight status: obese versus normal weight; medical diagnosis: presence versus absence). A two-group between-subjects multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted. Results: There was a statistically significant main effect for weight status (F (2, 230) = 5.840, p 0.05). Providing a medical diagnosis for the pain problem did not affect parents’ perceptions. Conclusions: Results suggest that obesity strongly influences parents’ perceptions of youth pain reports. Parents of youth with chronic pain may perceive their children’s pain as more modifiable as a function of their child’s obesity. The current findings are an impetus to examine factors that may positively influence perceptions of pain legitimacy and attitudes toward the child.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66238488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Holthe, L. Altshuler, S. Bolakhrif, L. Hamdi, M. W. Man, J. Tu, M. C. A. Paw
Background: There is on-going controversy as to whether food colourings can cause symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The aim of our study was to assess which artificial food colourings children in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, consume, and in what quantities. Methods: A variety of products available in supermarkets and grocery shops in Amsterdam were surveyed for the presence of artificial food colourings (2012‐2013). Subsequently, daily intake of artificial food colourings were assessed in a convenience sample of children (n=121, median age 7.0, range 5‐12 years, 50% boys) using a three-day prospective food diary (two weekdays and one day at the weekend), and compared to the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Results: Seventy-three of 550 (13%) products from supermarkets, groceries, and Turkish and Moroccan shops contained artificial food colourings, predominantly in sweets (33%) and (carbonated) beverages (31%). Brilliant Blue (E133), Patent Blue (E131) and Indigotine (E132) were most often encountered. Of the 121 children surveyed, 18 (15%) consumed artificial food colourings, though only Brilliant Blue (E133), Patent Blue (E131), Indigotine (E132) and Green S (E142) were encountered. The mean intake varied from 0.02‐0.96 mg/kg/day, which is below the ADI (5‐15 mg/kg/day). None of the children consumed yellow, orange or red artificial food colours. Conclusions: Intake of artificial food colourings in children in Amsterdam is well below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) and is limited to Brilliant Blue (E133), Patent Blue (E131), Indigotine (E132) and Green S (E142).
{"title":"Consumption of artificial food colourings by school children in the Netherlands","authors":"J. Holthe, L. Altshuler, S. Bolakhrif, L. Hamdi, M. W. Man, J. Tu, M. C. A. Paw","doi":"10.12715/APR.2015.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/APR.2015.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is on-going controversy as to whether food colourings can cause symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The aim of our study was to assess which artificial food colourings children in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, consume, and in what quantities. Methods: A variety of products available in supermarkets and grocery shops in Amsterdam were surveyed for the presence of artificial food colourings (2012‐2013). Subsequently, daily intake of artificial food colourings were assessed in a convenience sample of children (n=121, median age 7.0, range 5‐12 years, 50% boys) using a three-day prospective food diary (two weekdays and one day at the weekend), and compared to the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Results: Seventy-three of 550 (13%) products from supermarkets, groceries, and Turkish and Moroccan shops contained artificial food colourings, predominantly in sweets (33%) and (carbonated) beverages (31%). Brilliant Blue (E133), Patent Blue (E131) and Indigotine (E132) were most often encountered. Of the 121 children surveyed, 18 (15%) consumed artificial food colourings, though only Brilliant Blue (E133), Patent Blue (E131), Indigotine (E132) and Green S (E142) were encountered. The mean intake varied from 0.02‐0.96 mg/kg/day, which is below the ADI (5‐15 mg/kg/day). None of the children consumed yellow, orange or red artificial food colours. Conclusions: Intake of artificial food colourings in children in Amsterdam is well below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) and is limited to Brilliant Blue (E133), Patent Blue (E131), Indigotine (E132) and Green S (E142).","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66238837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bennett P. Samuel, Christopher Ratnasamy, J. Vettukattil
Central venous access is typically required for prolonged administration of intravenous medications. Implantable ports are most frequently used in cancer chemotherapy. The spontaneous fragmentation and embolization of these catheters is not uncommon and can present rare but potentially life-threatening complications such as ventricular tachycardia (VT). We present an adolescent with a 2-week history of intermittent VT unrelated to activity. A chest x-ray confirmed spontaneous fragmentation of the central line and embolization in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. Successful retrieval of the embolized catheter was performed without any complications using the gooseneck snare technique and the patient was free of symptoms at follow up. Chest x-rays can be beneficial in ruling out other causes of VT and in avoiding unnecessary treatment or management.
{"title":"Ventricular tachycardia from embolized central venous port","authors":"Bennett P. Samuel, Christopher Ratnasamy, J. Vettukattil","doi":"10.12715/apr.2015.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/apr.2015.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Central venous access is typically required for prolonged administration of intravenous medications. Implantable ports are most frequently used in cancer chemotherapy. The spontaneous fragmentation and embolization of these catheters is not uncommon and can present rare but potentially life-threatening complications such as ventricular tachycardia (VT). We present an adolescent with a 2-week history of intermittent VT unrelated to activity. A chest x-ray confirmed spontaneous fragmentation of the central line and embolization in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. Successful retrieval of the embolized catheter was performed without any complications using the gooseneck snare technique and the patient was free of symptoms at follow up. Chest x-rays can be beneficial in ruling out other causes of VT and in avoiding unnecessary treatment or management.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66239594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2167-0897.1000134
K. Sprenkelder, K. Waal, Thomas Macdougall
Background: The angle of insonation can be an important determinant of Doppler-derived cardiac output measurements. It is known anatomically that there is a larger insonation angle for the left vs. right ventricular outflow area, but variability and calculated angles have not been described. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical position of the left and right outflow areas and determine the geometric angle of insonation in newborn and infants. Methods: Magnetic resonance images of infants ≤ 2 years of age were explored. For each outflow, the position was determined relative to an anatomical reference point. To obtain the angle of insonation, the angle between the outflow and the hypothetical position of the ultrasound probe beam was calculated. Results: Forty-five patients were included with a median age of 71 days old. Anatomically, the left outflow is directed almost vertically upwards in sagittal images with a 40o angle to the right in coronal images. The right outflow is directed 53o upwards in sagittal images with a slight angle to the left on axial images. The median (range) angle of insonation for the left ventricular outflow area using the apical or subcostal view was 40° (22-51) and 28° (7-47) respectively, and 23° (2-40) for the right ventricular outflow area using the parasternal view. Conclusions: The median geometric angle of insonation of the left outflow was larger than the right. The variation within the group was large, but in each individual case the angle for left was larger than for right.
{"title":"The angle of insonation for Doppler measurements of left and rightventricular output in newborns and infants","authors":"K. Sprenkelder, K. Waal, Thomas Macdougall","doi":"10.4172/2167-0897.1000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0897.1000134","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The angle of insonation can be an important determinant of Doppler-derived cardiac output measurements. It is known anatomically that there is a larger insonation angle for the left vs. right ventricular outflow area, but variability and calculated angles have not been described. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical position of the left and right outflow areas and determine the geometric angle of insonation in newborn and infants. Methods: Magnetic resonance images of infants ≤ 2 years of age were explored. For each outflow, the position was determined relative to an anatomical reference point. To obtain the angle of insonation, the angle between the outflow and the hypothetical position of the ultrasound probe beam was calculated. Results: Forty-five patients were included with a median age of 71 days old. Anatomically, the left outflow is directed almost vertically upwards in sagittal images with a 40o angle to the right in coronal images. The right outflow is directed 53o upwards in sagittal images with a slight angle to the left on axial images. The median (range) angle of insonation for the left ventricular outflow area using the apical or subcostal view was 40° (22-51) and 28° (7-47) respectively, and 23° (2-40) for the right ventricular outflow area using the parasternal view. Conclusions: The median geometric angle of insonation of the left outflow was larger than the right. The variation within the group was large, but in each individual case the angle for left was larger than for right.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70808496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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