AJPM focus最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated With COVID-19 Vaccination and Intention to Vaccinate Children Among a Childbearing Population (in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania)","authors":"Linda A. Adodoadji MPH ,&nbsp;Ashley V. Hill Dr. PH, MPH ,&nbsp;Ken S. Ho MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Lora E. Burke PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Tiffany L. Gary-Webb PhD, MHS ,&nbsp;Esa M. Davis MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Stephen L. Rathbun PhD, MS ,&nbsp;Meredith L. Wallace PhD ,&nbsp;Andrea D. Casas PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Sanders PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Marquita N. Smalls MPH ,&nbsp;Amanda L. Tapia Dr. PH ,&nbsp;Dara D. Méndez PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>COVID-19 vaccination inequities persist in the U.S. despite all individuals aged ≥6 months being eligible for vaccination. The authors sought to (1) identify factors associated with maternal COVID-19 vaccination, (2) identify factors associated with maternal intent to vaccinate children against COVID-19, and (3) explore Black–White differences in maternal vaccination status and intent to vaccinate children in a childbearing population in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From May to August 2022, the authors cross-sectionally surveyed 186 participants from the Postpartum Mothers Mobile Study (approximately 24–48 months postpartum) regarding COVID-19 vaccination status (i.e., at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine), intent to vaccinate children against COVID-19, and sources of COVID-19 information. Descriptive characteristics were estimated by race, and log-binomial regression was used with adjustments for key covariates (e.g., maternal demographics and factors) associated with intent to vaccinate children against COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority (81.2%) of participants reported receiving at least 1 dose of the original COVID-19 vaccines. About half (53.7%) of Black participants had received at least 1 dose, compared with 88.7% of White participants. A total of 107 (57.5%) participants had high intent to vaccinate their children, with 97.2% being vaccinated themselves. Not receiving a vaccine was negatively associated with intent to vaccinate children (adjusted RR=0.18; CI=0.06, 0.49).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These analyses reveal racial inequities in maternal vaccination against COVID-19. Findings highlight the need to tailor vaccine programming for families to positively impact future behaviors regarding COVID-19 vaccines and boosters for children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Sexual Violence and Prevention Programming Implementation: Survey of Faculty at 7 Universities in Vietnam","authors":"Daniel J. Whitaker PhD ,&nbsp;Quach Thu Trang MS ,&nbsp;Meghan K. Macaulay MPH ,&nbsp;Tran Hung Minh MD ,&nbsp;Xiangming Fang PhD ,&nbsp;Kathryn M. Yount PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nearly 18% of university women globally experience sexual violence. Efforts to prevent sexual violence on college campuses are rare in low- and middle-income countries. Leader and faculty engagement in prevention efforts is critical, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where resources are limited, and sociocultural norms may support sexual violence. The authors present findings from the first multiuniversity faculty climate survey across Vietnam that assessed knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about sexual violence and perceptions about acceptability and feasibility of prevention programming.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 2,343 of 3,441 faculty (68%) at 7 universities completed the baseline survey of an implementation prevention trial. Faculty reported on demographics; knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about sexual violence; and perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of implementing sexual violence prevention programming. Analyses present descriptives for knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, overall and by demographics. Multivariable regression was performed to explore the predictors of faculty perceptions of feasibility and acceptability of program implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Faculty did not believe that sexual violence was rare or problematic at their university. They tended to endorse rape myths about perpetrators (e.g., “rape happens when a guy gets out of control”), and beliefs supporting the need for sexual consent were moderate. Faculty reported positive campus climate for victims of sexual violence and believed that sexual violence programming was acceptable and feasible. Female and younger faculty generally had more progressive mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs measures. Perceived leader support for a positive campus climate around sexual violence was the strongest predictor of perceived feasibility and acceptability of sexual violence prevention programming.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Faculty perceived sexual violence prevention programming to be feasible and acceptable, and these perceptions were strongly related to university leadership’s support for a positive campus climate around sexual violence. Cultivating visible and consistent leadership support for sexual violence prevention appears to be crucial to fostering faculty buy-in and enhancing prevention efforts at universities in Vietnam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Tobacco Use Patterns on Smoking Cessation Success in Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes in the U.S.","authors":"Ban A. Majeed PhD, MBChB ,&nbsp;Bekir Kaplan MD ,&nbsp;Thomas Eissenberg PhD ,&nbsp;Justin M. Ketchem BS ,&nbsp;Obed Koomson PhD ,&nbsp;Imran Parvez PhD ,&nbsp;J. Paul Seale MD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the association between tobacco use patterns and cigarette smoking cessation in a representative cohort of adults who smoked combustible cigarettes in the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Study included current cigarette smoking adults in Wave 4 of the Population Assessment of Health and Tobacco study (N=5,669). Patterns of use were exclusive cigarette smoking, dual cigar and cigarette smoking, dual ENDS use, and multiple product use (poly use). Abstinence status (cessation) was obtained from Population Assessment of Health and Tobacco study Wave 5 and defined as abstinent ≥3 months. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Analyses were completed in June 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exclusive cigarette smoking was 82.0%, and dual cigar smoking and dual ENDS use constituted 3.7% and 4.4%, respectively. Of adults who smoked cigarettes, 25.7% were abstinent ≥3 months at follow-up. Adults with dual cigar smoking (20.8%) were more likely to be abstinent ≥3 months than those who smoked cigarettes exclusively (10.0%). Adults reporting dual cigar smoking had higher odds of being 3-month abstinent than those reporting exclusive cigarette smoking (OR=2.60, 95% CI=1.60, 4.21).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dual cigar smoking is positively associated with smoking abstinence in adults 1 year later. A deeper understanding of the dynamics and characteristics of dual cigar smoking that rendered cigarette smoking cessation more likely is needed. The data did not offer supporting evidence for dual ENDS use as a cessation aid. The majority of smoking cessation was achieved without the use of assistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145993610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Descriptive Analysis of Suicide Trends by Race/Ethnicity, Sex, and Age Categories in Santa Clara County, California From 2018 to 2023","authors":"Amy C. Watson-Grace OTD ,&nbsp;Gia E. Barboza-Salerno JD, PhD ,&nbsp;Karla J. Shockley McCarthy PhD ,&nbsp;Taylor R. Harrington MS ,&nbsp;Yujeong Chang MSW ,&nbsp;Charis J. Stanek MA ,&nbsp;Keith L. Warren PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to measure suicide rate differences across race/ethnicity, age, and sex groups in Santa Clara County, California, from 2018 to 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The incidence rate and annual percentage change in 1,024 suicides among Asian, Black, Hispanic, and White individuals in Santa Clara County were calculated. Patterns in suicide methods and significant conditions across race/ethnicity, age, and sex groups were also analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Suicide rates increased among Asian males aged 45–64 years (incidence rate ratio=1.26; 95% CI=1.05, 1.53) and White females aged ≥65 years (incidence rate ratio=1.28; 95% CI=1.02, 1.63) and decreased among White males aged 45–64 years (incidence rate ratio=0.87; 95% CI=0.79, 0.96) and Hispanic females aged 45–64 years (incidence rate ratio=0.54; 95% CI=0.26, 0.98). Males were significantly more likely to die by firearm suicide (Asian: 22.03% vs 5.41%; <em>p</em>=0.001; Black: 42.11% vs 0.00%, <em>p=</em>0.021; Hispanic: 20.26% vs 6.52%, <em>p</em>=0.029; White: 45.17% vs 8.80%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Asian, Black, and White females were more likely to die by toxicity, overdose, or drug poisoning suicide (Asian: 22.97% vs 10.73%; <em>p</em>=0.011; Black: 33.33% vs 5.26%, <em>p</em>=0.047; White: 26.40% vs 8.45%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Almost 25% died by suicide in open spaces (23.7%), and 17.9% had a major health condition at the time of death (17.9%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>From 2018 to 2023, Asian males and White females experienced significant suicide increases, whereas White males and Hispanic females experienced significant decreases. These findings highlight the need to examine regional trends in suicide by race, sex, and age group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Enablers to WIC Participation: Review of Evidence From Studies Published Between 2019 and 2024","authors":"Roger Figueroa PhD, MPH, MSc ,&nbsp;Tirna Purkait PhD, MS, MTech ,&nbsp;Jaclyn Saltzman PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Gwyneth Frederick MPH ,&nbsp;Ibukun Owoputi PhD, MSc ,&nbsp;Ruyu Liu PhD, MSc, RD ,&nbsp;Julio Salas BSc ,&nbsp;Katherine Baker PhD, MPH, MS, NDTR","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) supports low-income mothers and children aged &lt;5 years in the U.S. with nutrition and healthcare resources; however, not all eligible individuals participate. This scoping review aimed to synthesize evidence on factors associated with WIC participation from the perspective of WIC program implementers; WIC participants; and WIC-eligible nonparticipants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies published between March 2019 and December 2024 in peer-reviewed journals were included. Eligible studies were U.S. based, were published in English, and included at least 12 participants. Systematic searches were conducted across the following databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. Screening and data extraction were completed in Covidence, and the study quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 33 studies included, 15 were qualitative (45.4%), 13 were quantitative (39.3%), and 5 were mixed methods (15.1%). On average, studies met 85.1% of the quality criteria. Overall, the most commonly assessed barriers and enablers were at the organizational level—particularly program logistics and staff interactions. For individual factors, the most assessed concepts were knowledge, awareness, perceptions, and feelings about Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. Fewer studies examined interpersonal (<em>n</em>=6) or community/cultural (<em>n</em>=5) factors, although participants frequently reported a lack of culturally relevant food options and mixed experiences with staff interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In summary, there are multiple factors at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, and structural levels that are associated with WIC participation. Barriers and enablers at the individual and organizational levels were most common in the published literature from 2019 to 2024. Although the overall study quality was moderate to high, findings across levels were mixed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the Use of Smokeless Tobacco, Alcohol, and Co-Use Among U.S. High-School Students: Analysis of National Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data","authors":"Ganna Kostygina PhD ,&nbsp;Yoonsang Kim PhD ,&nbsp;Alex Kresovich PhD ,&nbsp;Simon Page BA ,&nbsp;Shyanika W. Rose PhD ,&nbsp;Sherry L. Emery PhD, MBA","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study was aimed to examine the bidirectional relationships and patterns of concurrent smokeless tobacco and alcohol use among U.S. high-school students, investigating whether demographic characteristics and behavioral factors differentially predict concurrent versus single substance use of smokeless tobacco or alcohol (referred to as either-alone use in the remaining parts of this paper).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analysis of nationally representative Youth Risk Behavior Survey data was perfomed, combining 3 cross-sectional surveys (2019, 2021, 2023) from 39,164 students in Grades 9–12. Logistic regression examined the bidirectional smokeless tobacco–alcohol associations, whereas multinomial models compared the characteristics of concurrent users, users of smokeless tobacco or alcohol alone, and nonusers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The authors found a strong bidirectional relationship: smokeless tobacco users had 3.8 times higher odds of alcohol use than non-users, and similarly, alcohol users had 4.5 times higher odds of smokeless tobacco use than non-users, adjusting for covariates. This relationship was asymmetric: 84.5% of smokeless tobacco users reported alcohol use, whereas only 7.8% of alcohol users reported smokeless tobacco use. Males had lower odds of either-alone use but 2.2 times greater odds of concurrent use (relative to neither use) than females. Past-year sports participation was associated with smokeless tobacco use and alcohol use as well as concurrent use, with athletes showing 2.2 times higher odds of concurrent use relative to neither use and 1.4 times higher odds of concurrent use relative to either-alone use than nonathletes. Furthermore, combustible tobacco users and E-cigarette users were more likely to be concurrent smokeless tobacco and alcohol users.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The strong yet asymmetric relationship suggests that smokeless tobacco users may be a crucial target for alcohol prevention. The distinct risk patterns for concurrent use—particularly among males and other tobacco users—indicate that prevention strategies should likely differ between concurrent and either-alone use. Results also suggest reconsidering how substance use prevention is approached in sports contexts, particularly given the strong association between athletic participation and concurrent smokeless tobacco and alcohol use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximity to Healthcare Services Among Individuals With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy","authors":"Shiny Thomas MBBS, MPH ,&nbsp;Treeva A. Jaff BDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Kristin M. Conway PhD ,&nbsp;Paul A. Romitti PhD ,&nbsp;Tabassum Z. Insaf MBBS, PhD ,&nbsp;Kristin Sommerhalter PhD ,&nbsp;Amber Gedlinske MPH ,&nbsp;Emma Crenshaw BSPH ,&nbsp;Nedra Whitehead PhD ,&nbsp;Brian Humphries MS ,&nbsp;Reba Berry RN ,&nbsp;Julie Royer MSPH ,&nbsp;Joshua R. Mann MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Sergey Krikov MS ,&nbsp;Manju Jayasimha Pula Jayaram MPH ,&nbsp;Marcia L. Feldkamp PhD ,&nbsp;the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network (MD STARnet)","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this study was to describe travel from residence to healthcare facilities among individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample included 302 males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy born on January 1, 2000, and followed through December 31, 2015. Using geocoded residential and facility addresses, the authors estimated travel time for trips to unique facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The authors identified 7,546 provider visits and 6,064 visits to unique facilities. Over an average of 4.8 person-years of follow-up, the authors estimated a mean of 5.3 unique provider visits and a mean of 4.3 unique visits to facilities per person-year. Overall median drive time exceeded 1.5 hours roundtrip, and averaged overall median 1-way public transit time was 1.9 hours. The longest drive times were detected among younger, non-Hispanic Whites, and other race/ethnicity groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest long travel times for clinical care for a subset of individuals. Additional research is needed to examine the burden associated with traveling to healthcare facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of Extreme Risk Protection Orders Across Regions of Colorado","authors":"Madeline Balser MPH, MSW ,&nbsp;Christopher E. Knoepke PhD, MSW, LCSW ,&nbsp;Megan Sanders MPP ,&nbsp;Kate Little BA ,&nbsp;Leslie M. Barnard MPH, DrPH ,&nbsp;Erin Wright-Kelly MA, DrPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The utilization of Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) throughout Colorado varies regionally. Given the potential of ERPOs to decrease firearm violence, this study aims to explore community acceptability of ERPOs in Colorado and to compare acceptability among regions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The cross-sectional 2023 Colorado Firearm Injury Prevention Survey was administered to 1,520 Colorado adults across 4 geographic regions. Respondents ranked the appropriateness of ERPOs in 5 high-risk scenarios to assess acceptability. Responses were weighted to represent each region’s population, and differences in acceptability were analyzed using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than 70% of Colorado adults across all regions deemed ERPOs at least sometimes appropriate in all 5 scenarios. Although there were minimal regional differences in ERPO acceptability, the West/South region was significantly less likely than other regions to say ERPOs were at least sometimes appropriate in 2 of 5 scenarios (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Community support for ERPOs is generally high across culturally diverse Colorado regions, suggesting that the acceptability of ERPOs as a violence prevention intervention might not align with regional disparities in ERPO utilization. Few regional differences in acceptability underscore the need to align ERPO application and educational efforts with this widespread public support. Policymakers and public health professionals should challenge narratives purporting low public support for ERPOs and prioritize the education of community members about how and when ERPOs could be useful.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Examination of Storage Practices of Women Firearm Owners in New Jersey and Ohio to Inform Suicide Prevention","authors":"Christina Rose Bauder PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Jarrod M. Hay BS ,&nbsp;Emma Unruh-Dawes MA ,&nbsp;Sarah Millisor Irvin MSc ,&nbsp;Samantha E. Daruwala PhD ,&nbsp;Keelin G. Rademacher BS ,&nbsp;Taylor Sabbagh ,&nbsp;Craig J. Bryan PsyD, ABPP ,&nbsp;Kathryn A. Fassih BS","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Firearms account for more than half of U.S. suicide deaths and nearly two thirds of all firearm-related deaths; although men are more likely to use a firearm than other lethal means, firearms account for approximately a third of suicide deaths for women. Suicide deaths involving firearms tend to be higher in states with fewer state firearm restrictions, with fewer suicide deaths involving firearms in states with more restrictive firearm laws. Critically, firearm storage practices are associated with an increased risk of both intentional and unintentional injury. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences, attitudes, and practices of women firearm owners in New Jersey and Ohio to inform firearm-specific suicide prevention recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors conducted semistructured qualitative interviews with 40-women firearm owners from New Jersey and Ohio between January and July of 2023. Transcripts were analyzed through thematic analysis using an inductive approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly half of all participants (47.5%) reported at least 1 loaded firearm, with 50% reporting at least 1 unlocked firearm, and 11 (27.5%) reported at least 1 firearm that was both loaded and unlocked. Slightly fewer women reported storing firearms securely in New Jersey than in Ohio. The authors identified 5 common motivators in the storage practices of women, which included safety, upbringing and education, household composition, accessibility versus security, personal experiences of violence and victimization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Future research should explore unique opportunities to improve firearm risk communication and lethal means safety counseling among women and other underrepresented firearm owners to prevent intentional and unintentional firearm injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equity in Wastewater Surveillance: Assessment of the National Wastewater Surveillance System for COVID-19","authors":"Nicole B. Alkhouri MS,&nbsp;Victoria Fisher MPH,&nbsp;Nadia N. Abuelezam ScD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Wastewater surveillance has been used for COVID-19 detection, allowing for real-time responses to outbreaks and supplementing clinical testing, especially for vulnerable and under-resourced populations. The authors assessed the demographic and place-based inclusivity of the U.S. COVID-19 wastewater surveillance infrastructure overall and as surveillance expanded during the pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors extracted data on U.S. counties represented by the National Wastewater Surveillance System between 2020 and 2024 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and demographic and social determinants of health data from the American Community Survey. The authors used generalized linear mixed models with a logit link adjusted for population size and state as a random effect to examine whether race, public assistance, education, and disability status were associated with surveillance coverage. The authors also examined whether surveillance expansion was equitable by comparing the characteristics of initial versus widespread adopters using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 27% (<em>n</em>=859) of U.S. counties had COVID-19 wastewater surveillance. Each unit increase in a county’s percentage of residents who were White (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.10, 1.69) was associated with higher odds of surveillance. The authors found some evidence of increased equity in wastewater surveillance as it became widespread. However, counties with higher percentages of households receiving public assistance, disabled residents, and renter-occupied households were still unlikely to be included in wastewater surveillance efforts later in the pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Demographic characteristics associated with marginalization were associated with lower odds of wastewater surveillance, highlighting disparities in and opportunities for expanding surveillance coverage across the U.S.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}