AJPM focus最新文献

{"title":"Financial Strain and Child Health: Measures and Evidence From a Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Laura J. Samuel PhD, MSN, RN ,&nbsp;Martha Abshire Saylor PhD, RN ,&nbsp;Melissa Lutz MD, MHS ,&nbsp;Monica Y. Choe DNP, CRNP, RN ,&nbsp;Rhonda Smith Wright PhD, MHSA, RN ,&nbsp;Boeun Kim PhD ,&nbsp;Sarah L. Szanton PhD, RN ,&nbsp;Manka Nkimbeng PhD, RN ,&nbsp;Fernando Mena-Carrasco MSN, MSW, RN ,&nbsp;Rachel Austin MPH ,&nbsp;Eliana M. Perrin MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite the focus on pediatric social needs, there is a dearth of research on financial strain, which is characterized by challenges in meeting basic needs. This study systematically reviewed the literature on different measures of self-reported financial strain and health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search in PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science identified papers that examined relationships between self-reported financial strain and health outcomes among U.S. children or adolescents. Two blinded reviewers screened each paper (65 papers, 39 studies) and extracted data. Financial strain measures were coded for content. Findings were synthesized based on age and type of measure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Financial strain measures asked about the lack of money for basic needs (32 studies), difficulty making ends meet (23 studies), relying on coping strategies (13 studies), experiencing stress or worry about finances (4 studies) anticipating future strain (4 studies), and the lack of money for leisure (4 studies). Financial strain was associated with poorer health and well-being and more behavior challenges among children of all ages, poorer academic performance among school-age children, and more depressive symptoms among adolescents. Associations were consistent across diverse samples when accounting for other socioeconomic factors and across financial strain measures, including a single item about difficulty making ends meet. Fourteen studies tested hypothesized mechanistic factors that explain associations, including material, psychosocial, and behavioral pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The consistency of associations between financial strain and pediatric health and well-being highlights an urgent need to address financial strain to advance health equity. Results show predictive validity for a simple financial strain question, similar to one recommended by the National Academy of Medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Access to Uncontaminated Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Requires Attention","authors":"Timothy H. Ciesielski ScD, MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Healthcare System’s Path to Carbon Neutrality: Addressing Climate Change and Role of the Health Care","authors":"Edward D. Shin MD ,&nbsp;Rame Hemstreet PE ,&nbsp;Stacey Alexeeff PhD ,&nbsp;Seema S. Wadwa MA ,&nbsp;Jamal S. Rana MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Anthropogenic climate change, according to the WHO, results in approximately 150,000 deaths annually through mechanisms such as heat-related mortality, altered food production, and the spread of infectious diseases. With climate change predicted to cause over half a million climate-related deaths by 2050, healthcare systems, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, must adopt roles in environmental stewardship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This descriptive case study details how Kaiser Permanente, a large nonprofit organization, became the first carbon-neutral healthcare system in the country.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Kaiser Permanente has demonstrated environmental stewardship through initiatives such as an on-site solar program, sustainability scorecards for suppliers, and extensive partnerships with organizations to support community health and environmental building efforts. Initiatives included scaling renewable energy usage, constructing Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design–certified facilities, and reducing water use intensity led to Kaiser Permanente being the first carbon-neutral health system in the country.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The WHO has declared climate change as the most significant threat to human health. Kaiser Permanente’s journey to carbon neutrality highlights the critical role healthcare systems play in environmental stewardship. Continued focus on climate initiatives by the healthcare sector is essential to address the growing health impacts of climate change. Kaiser Permanente’s efforts provide a real-life and practical framework for achieving significant positive climate effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Discrimination Distress Among U.S. Youth","authors":"Delvon T. Mattingly PhD ,&nbsp;Meman Diaby MS ,&nbsp;Osayande Agbonlahor MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shyanika W. Rose PhD ,&nbsp;Carrie B. Oser PhD ,&nbsp;Nancy L. Fleischer PhD ,&nbsp;Adam M. Leventhal PhD ,&nbsp;Joy L. Hart PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Racial and ethnic discrimination differentially affects youth in the U.S. However, evidence of U.S. youth discriminatory experiences at the national level is scant.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey on youth aged ≥9 years (N=22,069), the authors used the 15-item Adolescent Discrimination Distress Index to create a binary indicator of any discrimination and mean summary scale (i.e., overall) and subscales (i.e., educational, institutional, and peer) representing frequencies of distress. The authors estimated the distribution of each discrimination measure overall and examined differences by the intersection of gender, race, and ethnicity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than half the sample (56.2%) experienced any discrimination, with proportions highest among non-Hispanic Asian female youth (78.4%). The mean overall discrimination distress score was 0.32 (95% CI=0.29, 0.34), and youth reported higher levels of educational discrimination distress (mean=0.38; 95% CI=0.35, 0.40) than peer (mean=0.32; 95% CI=0.29, 0.35) and institutional (mean=0.26; 95% CI=0.23, 0.28) distress. Most gender and racial and ethnic minoritized youth reported higher levels of overall distress than non-Hispanic White males and females, with levels generally highest for groups such as Hispanic female (mean=0.49; 95% CI=0.44, 0.55), non-Hispanic Black female (mean=0.47; 95% CI=0.41, 0.53), and non-Hispanic multiracial female (mean=0.45; 95% CI=0.30, 0.59) youth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Gender and racial and ethnic minoritized youth experience higher levels of discrimination distress than non-Hispanic White male and female youth, with variation observed by type of discrimination. Efforts mitigating discrimination for specific at-risk populations are needed to promote health equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Pediatric Blood Pressure–Lowering Prescription Fills During 2017–2023","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar PhD, MS ,&nbsp;Nicole L. Therrien PharmD, MPH ,&nbsp;John Ogwuegbu PharmD, MA ,&nbsp;Siran He PhD, MSPH ,&nbsp;Jun Soo Lee PhD ,&nbsp;Omoye Imoisili MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Lundeen PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Katrice Lampley PharmD, MPH ,&nbsp;Sandra L. Jackson PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>There are no national estimates for blood pressure–lowering prescription trends among the U.S. pediatric population. This study describes trends in blood pressure–lowering prescription fills among individuals aged 3–17 years by sex and age group.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from IQVIA’s Total Patient Tracker database covering 94% of all outpatient retail prescription fills in the U.S. The key outcome was blood pressure–lowering prescription fills during 2017–2023, utilizing a list of 113 generic medications from 21 drug classes. In addition, a subset of 20 medications recommended in the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guideline was examined. Annual population percentage and percentage change compared with 2017 were reported, and average annual percentage change was estimated using Joinpoint regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2017 to 2023, blood pressure–lowering prescription fills among those aged 3–17 years increased slightly from 1.93% (95% CI=1.88%, 1.98%) to 2.09% (95% CI=2.04%, 2.14%). Among males, blood pressure–lowering prescription fills remained stable (between 2.32% and 2.38%; average annual percentage change= −0.3%; <em>p</em>=0.545), whereas fills among females increased by 23.9% (from 1.49% to 1.84%; average annual percentage change=4.16%; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). The sharpest increase occurred among females aged 13–17 years (from 2.26% to 3.17%; average annual percentage change=6.3%; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Prescription fills for guideline-recommended medications either remained stable or declined, with some variation by sex and age group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results indicate growth in blood pressure–lowering prescription fills, especially among females aged 13–17 years. Increases were driven by medications not included in the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guideline, suggesting that blood pressure–lowering medications may be increasingly prescribed for conditions other than pediatric hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Health Screening Rates and Visits to Their Primary Care Provider in Young Adults Transitioning From Pediatrics to Adult Medicine","authors":"Abigail Eaton PhD ,&nbsp;Stephanie R. Prausnitz MS ,&nbsp;Heather A. Baskind MD ,&nbsp;H. Nicole Tran MD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study examines associations between a young adult's visit to a designated primary care physician (PCP) in the 18 months after transitioning from pediatrics and their completion of preventive healthcare screenings. The period from 18 to 25 years is marked by transition and continued brain development, making it an ideal period for impactful intervention on healthy behaviors and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Completion of screening for alcohol use, mental health issues, exercise habits, and tobacco use was measured in members upon turning 18 during 2020-2021. These members had transitioned from pediatrics to adult medicine at an integrated healthcare system at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Associations of sex, race and ethnicity, need of interpreter, insurance type, neighborhood deprivation, pediatric PCP visit, and chronic conditions were compared for members with or without a visit with their new PCP during the 18 months of transition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A multivariate model showed that young adults with a visit to their PCP had increased likelihood of completion of screening: 21% for alcohol use, 12% for mental health issues, 18% for exercise, and 16% for tobacco use. Several characteristics were associated with a reduced likelihood of a visit with a PCP: 15% reduced likelihood for residence in more deprived neighborhoods (incidence rate ratio=0.85, 95% CI=0.82, 0.88); between a 6% and 3% reduced likelihood for individuals who were Asian, Black or Hispanic (incidence rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.99), (incidence rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.90, 0.98), (incidence rate ratio=0.97, 95% CI=0.94, 0.99) respectively; 55% reduced likelihood for those requiring an interpreter (incidence rate ratio=0.45, 95% CI=0.37, 0.53); and 16% reduced likelihood for males (incidence rate ratio=0.84, 95% CI=0.82, 0.86). Individuals who had a visit to their pediatric PCP, and individuals with chronic conditions, were 20% and 29% more likely, respectively, to have had a visit with their adult PCP (incidence rate ratio=1.20, 95% CI=1.18, 1.23) and (incidence rate ratio=1.29, 95% CI=1.27, 1.32).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Promotion of PCP visits and outreach to individuals with a reduced likelihood of visiting their PCP during this transition could provide opportunities for preventive health interventions among young adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death by Neighborhood: Preliminary Results on Disparities in Violent Deaths by Neighborhood Opportunity With the Child Opportunity Index 3.0","authors":"Manning Zhang MA ,&nbsp;Clemens Noelke PhD ,&nbsp;Dolores Acevedo-Garcia PhD ,&nbsp;Robert W. Ressler PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study examines inequities in violent death rates among children aged 0–19 years across different levels of neighborhood opportunity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors combined nationally representative 2020 data from the National Violent Death Reporting System, the Decennial Census, and the Child Opportunity Index 3.0 to estimate death rates by neighborhood opportunity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The crude violent death rate declines monotonically with neighborhood opportunity from 15.3 deaths per 100,000 children in very low-opportunity to 3.8 per 100,000 children in very high-opportunity neighborhoods. Homicide death rates are 13.3 times higher in very low- (10.5 deaths per 100,000 children) than in very high-opportunity (0.8 deaths per 100,000 children) neighborhoods. There were 3.3 suicide deaths per 100,000 children in very low- compared with 2.7 deaths per 100,000 children in very high-opportunity neighborhoods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight the Child Opportunity Index’s value in analyzing stark geographic disparities in children’s violent death risk. They underscore neighborhood context as a key risk factor and suggest that place-based interventions could help mitigate these disparities. However, neighborhood differences in suicide mortality were minor, warranting further research on the suitability of neighborhood indices for predicting spatial variations in suicide risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Behavior Change After a Positive COVID-19 Test Result","authors":"Barbara L. Massoudi MPH, PhD, MBA ,&nbsp;Matthew B. McQueen ScD ,&nbsp;Autumn H. Gertz MS ,&nbsp;Kara C. Sewalk MPH ,&nbsp;John S. Brownstein PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>U.S. investment in COVID-19 testing and diagnostics provided more than 1 billion tests to vulnerable populations across the nation; however, the impact of testing on behaviors that lead to transmission has not been previously assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Outbreaks Near Me collects crowdsourced data from volunteer participants to help citizens and public health agencies identify hotspots for COVID-19. Outbreaks Near Me also collects data on what actions individuals take after testing positive for COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data collection from November 2022 through September 2023 showed that most people (75%) reported at least 2 precautions to protect others from contracting COVID-19. The overwhelming majority of those who reported measures (81%) indicated that they will continue to practice those precautions until they have a negative test result or are at least 10 days after the initial positive result. In addition, receiving a positive test was the catalyst for 48% to seek medical care or COVID-19 therapeutics, demonstrating that among this volunteer participant population, testing is impactful in preventing spread and adverse health outcomes from infection. Covariates included age, sex, race and ethnicity, comorbidities, vaccination status, and occupation in the healthcare industry.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that high proportion of individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 were likely to take precautions to protect others and to seek medical care or treatment. Overall, behavior change was found to be higher among those aged &gt;65 years, among females, among those who received or intended to receive a booster vaccination, and among those with 2 or more comorbidities. Nearly half of individuals sought either medical care or treatment after testing. These findings support continued investment in testing and diagnostics to prevent and mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and emphasize the importance of testing and diagnostics as part of medical countermeasures’ role in pandemic preparedness and response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Sectional Analysis of Sex Differences in Out-of-School Physical Activity Among Elementary School Students","authors":"Allison Tep MPH ,&nbsp;Paul N. Elish MPH ,&nbsp;Peter Boedeker PhD ,&nbsp;Hannah K. Behringer MPH ,&nbsp;Emilie R. Saksvig MPH ,&nbsp;Emily Zheng MPH ,&nbsp;Christi M. Kay MEd ,&nbsp;Hannah G. Calvert PhD ,&nbsp;Adria Meyer BA ,&nbsp;Julie A. Gazmararian PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Previous literature has shown differences in physical activity time between boys and girls during the school day. However, these studies did not include physical activity time outside of school. This study aims to explore the differences in physical activity time outside of school, during school, and throughout the full day between fourth grade girls and boys.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a large, suburban school district, 386 fourth grade students wore accelerometers both in school and at home for 1 school week. The students also completed an activity diary for one 24-hour period, in which they provided information on physical activities completed before and after school that lasted longer than 5 minutes. Bivariate analyses of demographic characteristics by sex of students were calculated. Bivariate analyses of average moderate-to-vigorous physical activity minutes in school, out of school, and for the full day by demographic characteristics, including sex, were calculated. Random-intercept models estimated associations of interest between physical activity levels and demographic variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Girls had significantly fewer minutes of physical activity outside of school, during school, and during the full day than boys. On average, girls accrued 8 less minutes of daily in-school physical activity (19.3 vs 27.1 minutes; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), 7 less minutes of daily out-of-school physical activity (25.1 vs 31.9 minutes; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), and 15 less minutes of full-day physical activity (44.5 vs 59.0 minutes; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) than boys. For both boys and girls, participation in sports was significantly associated with full-day and out-of-school physical activity. Less girls participated in sports than boys (26.4% vs 36.8%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Differences in elementary-aged physical activity may be due to differences in sex norms and activity outside of school. Girls had less physical activity during all periods of the day than boys and less participation in sports and active commuting. Future research could aim to increase physical activity for elementary-aged girls both in and out of school.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazardous Alcohol Consumption Among High-School Teachers in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia","authors":"Abrham Maru Moges MSc, MPH ,&nbsp;Gizachew Asnake Tiruneh MD ,&nbsp;Tilahun Belete Mossie MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Screening teachers for hazardous alcohol consumption is important to designing interventions that promote a conducive teaching–learning environment. However, there is scarce evidence on screening activities among teachers in low-income countries, particularly in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption and associated factors among high-school teachers in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected 407 teachers. Hazardous alcohol consumption was assessed using the Fast Alcohol Screening Test, with a score ≥3 indicating a positive result. Data were collected electronically using EpiCollect5 through interviewer administration. SPSS (Version 25) was used for data analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were carried out, and variables with a <em>p</em>&lt;0.05 in the final analysis were considered significantly significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption was 16% (95% CI=12.40, 19.54): 20.9% among men and 6.1% among women. The odds of hazardous drinking were higher among male participants (AOR=4.46, 95% CI=1.87, 10.60), among teachers aged &lt;41 years (AOR=3.76, 95% CI=1.39, 10.15), among first-degree holders than among second-degree holders (AOR=2.72, 95% CI=1.14, 6.49), and among those who screened positive for psychological distress (AOR=4.28, 95% CI=2.15, 8.50). In addition, participant with low social support had 3.95 times higher odds of hazardous alcohol consumption (AOR=3.95, 95% CI=1.49, 10.45).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Hazardous alcohol consumption was high in teachers, particularly when compared with previous literature examining hazardous alcohol consumption in the general population. This refers to integrating lifestyle and other psychosocial interventions in the teachers’ development programs to prevent alcohol consumption, with more emphasis on younger employees, men, those who experience psychological distress, and those who lack close interpersonal relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}