AJPM focus最新文献

{"title":"Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Among U.S. Adolescents Before and During COVID-19: Findings From a Large Cohort Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Evidence suggests that adolescents engage in less physical activity during the summer break. Less is known regarding physical activity during the summer months of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilizing data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, the authors examined daily activity measured by Fitbit Charge 2 devices before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic during school and summer months. Linear models estimated activity during pre–COVID-19 school, pre–COVID-19 summer, COVID-19 school, and COVID-19 summer.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants (N=7,179, aged 11.96 years, 51% female, 51% White) accumulated 8,671.0 (95% CI=8,544.7; 8,797.3) steps, 32.5 (95% CI=30.8, 32.3) minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and 507.2 (95% CI=504.2, 510.2) minutes of sedentary time. During COVID-19 school, adolescents accumulated fewer daily steps and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (−1,782.3 steps [95% CI= −2,052.7; −1,511.8] and −6.2 minutes [95% CI= −8.4, −4.0], respectively). Adolescents accumulated more minutes of daily sedentary time (29.6 minutes [95% CI=18.9, 40.3]) during COVID-19 school months than during the pre–COVID-19 school months. During pre–COVID-19 summer months, adolescents accumulated 1,255.1 (95% CI=745.3; 1,765.0) more daily steps than during COVID-19 months. Boys accumulated more daily steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (2,011.5 steps [95% CI=1,271.9; 2,751.0] and 7.9 minutes [95% CI=1.4, 14.4], respectively) during the summer before COVID-19 than in summer during COVID-19. Both girls and boys accumulated more minutes of sedentary time during COVID-19 school months (47.4 [95% CI=27.5, 67.3] and 51.2 [95% CI=22.8, 79.7], respectively) than during COVID-19 summer months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Societal restrictions during COVID-19 negatively impacted activity levels in the U.S., particularly during the summer months during COVID-19.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000713/pdfft?md5=ebad16e83a698de01416e417f88c64ae&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000713-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State Medicaid Coverage and Reimbursement of Adult Vaccines Administered by Physicians and Pharmacists","authors":"Julian J.Z. Polaris JD ,&nbsp;Amanda L. Eiden PhD ,&nbsp;Anthony P. DiFranzo PhD ,&nbsp;Helen R. Pfister JD ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Itzkowitz JD ,&nbsp;Alexandra A. Bhatti JD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Effective from October 2023, federal law requires Medicaid programs to cover all recommended adult vaccines administered by physicians with no cost sharing for all eligibility groups. However, uniform coverage does not always translate to optimal uptake. Rather, other factors such as Medicaid reimbursement rates influence vaccine access and ultimately patient uptake. This study reviewed Medicaid policies to understand vaccine coverage and reimbursement, for both physicians and pharmacists, in all 50 U.S. states; Washington, DC; and Puerto Rico (collectively referred to as states).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between March and September 2022, the researchers reviewed states’ public Medicaid policies regarding adult vaccines, focusing on the service of injectable vaccine administration and 3 products: hepatitis A, 9-valent human papilloma virus, and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 50 states with available data, 7 (14%) restricted Medicaid coverage for hepatitis A, 9-valent human papilloma virus, and/or 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide administered by physicians, and 15 (30%) did so for pharmacists. Median physician reimbursement rate was below the private sector rate for hepatitis A (89%) and 9-valent human papilloma virus (94%) but above the rate for 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide (108%). Median physician reimbursement for vaccine administration during an office visit was $11.86; the median pharmacist administration fee was $10.67.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although federal law now requires all state Medicaid programs to cover, without cost sharing, all recommended adult vaccines administered by physicians, equitable vaccine access may be hindered by state coverage restrictions for pharmacists and by relatively low reimbursement rates relative to Medicare and commercial coverage for both physicians and pharmacists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000701/pdfft?md5=48e2e9e8d41d70d4de7104cd9f0f205a&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000701-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Prescription Fills of Opioids and Benzodiazepines Among Postpartum Women During COVID-19","authors":"Amanda J. Abraham PhD ,&nbsp;Shelby R. Steuart PhD ,&nbsp;Emily C. Lawler PhD ,&nbsp;Hailemichael Shone PhD ,&nbsp;Grace Bagwell Adams PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Concurrent prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepines is associated with increased risk of emergency department visits and overdose. Postpartum women commonly receive opioids for pain after delivery and are at risk for postpartum depression/anxiety. Although prior research finds increases in opioid prescribing and symptoms of depression/anxiety during COVID-19, concurrent prescribing among postpartum women has not been examined in the context of COVID-19.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using data from a large sample of privately insured postpartum women (N=514,120), the authors compared concurrent prescription fills of opioids and benzodiazepines before March 1, 2020, and after March 1, 2020. Primary outcome variables measured whether a patient ever filled concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions and the number of concurrent prescription fills per patient in the 6 months after delivery.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Roughly 46.4% of postpartum women filled an opioid prescription, 2.4% filled a benzodiazepine prescription, and 1.2% of women filled a concurrent prescription. Among postpartum women filling a benzodiazepine prescription, 50.7% filled a concurrent opioid prescription. The number of concurrent fills among postpartum women significantly increased during the early period of COVID-19. On average, postpartum women filled 0.009 more concurrent prescriptions than expected on the basis of the preexisting trend, representing a 22.0% increase in the number of concurrent prescriptions relative to the sample mean.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Concurrent prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepines places postpartum women at higher risk of emergency department visits and overdose. To reduce the harms associated with concurrent prescribing, clinicians should carefully consider whether opioids and/or benzodiazepines are clinically necessary for treatment and consult their state prescription drug monitoring program prior to prescribing these medications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000695/pdfft?md5=084872df64f62d08e1422ae5e298e152&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000695-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141413831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air Quality Perceptions, Awareness, and Associated Behaviors Among U.S. Adults With and Without Heart Disease","authors":"Tia C. Dowling MPhil ,&nbsp;Audrey F. Pennington PhD ,&nbsp;Hilary K. Wall MPH ,&nbsp;Maria C. Mirabelli PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Exposure to ambient air pollution can worsen cardiovascular disease and increase the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular disease mortality. Strategies to reduce air pollution exposure can therefore help prevent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the awareness among U.S. adults of the effect of air pollution on cardiovascular health and actions individuals can take to reduce their air pollution exposure.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In May–July 2022, 4,156 adults responded to the summer wave of the 2022 ConsumerStyles survey and self-reported their heart disease status and perceptions, awareness, and behaviors about ambient air pollution and health. In 2023, the data were analyzed to generate weighted population estimates representative of noninstitutionalized U.S. adults. Associations between heart disease and responses about perceptions, awareness, and behaviors were estimated using binomial and multinomial regression methods for weighted data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 90% of the weighted population estimate of U.S. adults reported that air pollution can impact a person's health, and 44% reported that air pollution can cause or worsen heart disease. Percentages of adults reporting that air pollution can impact a person's health (prevalence ratio=1.09; 95% CI=1.06, 1.12) and that air pollution can cause or worsen heart disease (prevalence ratio=1.28; 95% CI=1.08, 1.51) were higher among adults with than without heart disease.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Less than half of U.S. adults are aware that air pollution affects heart disease. Improvements in awareness of the effect of air pollution on cardiovascular health and strategies to reduce exposure could help protect individuals with heart disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000671/pdfft?md5=c03d07b311712d3469ac6b808b1ea1fa&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000671-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141416267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absenteeism and Health Behavior Trends Associated With Acute Respiratory Illness Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Community Household Cohort, King County, Washington","authors":"Erin Chung MD ,&nbsp;Yongzhe Wang MS ,&nbsp;Eric J. Chow MD, MS, MPH ,&nbsp;Anne Emanuels MPH ,&nbsp;Jessica Heimonen MPH ,&nbsp;Constance E. Ogokeh MPH ,&nbsp;Melissa A. Rolfes PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;James P. Hughes PhD ,&nbsp;Timothy M. Uyeki MD, MPH, MPP ,&nbsp;Lea M. Starita PhD ,&nbsp;Samara Hoag MN, RN ,&nbsp;Michael Boeckh MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Janet A. Englund MD ,&nbsp;Helen Y. Chu MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Seattle Flu Study Investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Longitudinal data on how acute respiratory illness (ARI) affects behavior, namely school or work participation, and nonpharmaceutical intervention (NPI) usage before and during the COVID-19 pandemic is limited. The authors assessed how ARIs and specific symptoms affected school, work, and health-related behaviors over time.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>From November 2019 to June 2021, participating households with children in King County, Washington, were remotely monitored for ARI symptoms weekly. Following ARIs, participants reported illness-related effects on school, work, and NPI use. Using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations, the authors examined associations between symptoms and behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 1,861 participants, 581 (31%) from 293 households reported 884 ARIs and completed one-week follow-up surveys. Compared with the prepandemic period, during the period of the pandemic pre–COVID-19 vaccine, ARI-related school (56% vs 10%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) absenteeism decreased and masking increased (3% vs 28%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). After vaccine authorization in December 2020, more ARIs resulted in masking (3% vs 48%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), avoiding contact with non-household members (26% vs 58%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), and staying home (37% vs 69%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) compared with the prepandemic period. Constitutional symptoms such as fever were associated with work disruptions (OR=1.91; 95% CI=1.06, 3.43), staying home (OR=1.55; 95% CI=1.06, 2.27), and decreased contact with non-household members (OR=1.58; 95% CI=1.05, 2.36).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This remote household study permitted uninterrupted tracking of behavioral changes in families with children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying increased use of some NPIs when ill but no additional illness-associated work or school disruptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277306542400066X/pdfft?md5=420c5a099b45d128bb31e98d366b1ede&pid=1-s2.0-S277306542400066X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Geospatial Analysis to Identify Priority Communities for Cervical Cancer Prevention in Texas","authors":"Itunu O. Sokale MD, DrPH ,&nbsp;Aaron P. Thrift PhD ,&nbsp;Jane R. Montealegre PhD ,&nbsp;Onyema G. Chido-Amajuoyi MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Victor T. Adekanmbi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Abiodun O. Oluyomi PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Despite being almost entirely preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Cervical cancer incidence suggests missed opportunities for prevention. Geospatial analysis could strategically guide public health interventions. This study aimed to identify geographic clusters of cervical cancer incidence in Texas, a state with higher than national rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this population-based cross-sectional study, the authors analyzed incident cervical cancer data among Texas women aged 30–64 years, from 2014 to 2018. The authors conducted a purely spatial Poisson-based analysis function in SaTScan to examine geographic clusters of higher-than-expected proportions of cervical cancer incidence (i.e., hot spots) and adjusted for age.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 5,060 women aged 30–64 years with incident cervical cancer diagnosis (mean age: 45.7 years, SD=9.6), including 1,840 (36.4%) Hispanic, 591 (11.7%) non-Hispanic Black, 2,397 (47.4%) non-Hispanic White, and 232 (4.6%) other races, were analyzed. Spatial scan analysis detected 7 significant hot spots of cervical cancer incidence. Hot spots were identified in the South Texas Plains (near Mexico border), Gulf Coast (Houston), Prairies and Lakes (North Texas), Panhandle Plains (Northwest Texas), and Piney Woods (Southeast Texas) regions of Texas. Hot spots, compared with the rest of Texas, had higher proportions of Hispanic population and individuals with socioeconomic disadvantages.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study found spatial variation in cervical cancer incidence in Texas. The hot spot areas can benefit from targeted, novel, scalable, and cost-effective interventions to increase human papillomavirus vaccination and screening and early detection and treatment of precancerous cervical lesions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000658/pdfft?md5=b28fd4e7ce3595136471b5f07eb5af6c&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of COVID-19 on Mood Disorders in Urban and Suburban Detroit","authors":"Sean Yaphe MD ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Sundaresan MD ,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Freedman MD ,&nbsp;Samuel J. Weinberg MD ,&nbsp;Ivana A. Vaughn PhD ,&nbsp;Lois E. Lamerato PhD ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Budzynska MD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the global experience of anxiety and depression owing to social isolation and government-mandated quarantine for transmission reduction. To date, literature surrounding the mental health effects of COVID-19 for the U.S. population is limited.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a retrospective study from a large metropolitan Detroit health system. Patient encounters between December 23, 2018 and June 22, 2021, with March 23, 2020 being the start of Michigan state-wide lockdown, were used to define pre– and post–COVID-19 encounters, respectively. The data were divided into Detroit and non-Detroit on the basis of patient ZIP code. All patients aged ≥13 years with a visit with a family medicine provider were included. Outcome variables included Patient Health Questionnaires-2 and -9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7 scores; diagnoses of depression, anxiety, adjustment, and grief disorders; antidepressant prescriptions; and behavioral health referrals. Logistic regression was used to determine the incidence of composite mood disorder, depression, and anxiety.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 20,970 individuals were included in this study: 10,613 in the Detroit subgroup and 10,357 in the non-Detroit subgroup. A total of 88.2% of the Detroit population were Black, and 70% were female. Logistic regression shows that the incidence of composite mood disorder decreased with increasing age (OR=0.787, 0.608, 0.422, and 0.392; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Male sex is a protective factor (OR=0.646, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Federal insurance is the only factor presenting a statistically significant increased risk (OR=1.395, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). There was no statistical difference between residing in urban and suburban areas in the incidence of composite mood disorder (OR=0.996, <em>p</em>=0.953).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This research demonstrates that residing in an urban setting did not increase the risk of developing a mental health disorder during the COVID-19 period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000646/pdfft?md5=15d5a1cf386aa97883bcc0ffee03e174&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000646-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141394442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Self-Assessment Tool for Helping Identify Police Burnout Among Investigators of Child Sexual Abuse Material","authors":"Kimberly J. Mitchell PhD ,&nbsp;Jennifer E. O'Brien PhD ,&nbsp;Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Law enforcement professionals who investigate crimes involving child sexual abuse material face increased risk of mental health challenges, including burnout. This study aims to develop a data-driven self-assessment tool for law enforcement personnel exposed to child sexual abuse material. The tool assesses burnout symptoms and related mental health issues, offering a proactive approach to identifying and supporting individuals at risk.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A mixed-methods investigation involved 500 police investigators and forensic examiners across the U.S. The study utilized a convenience sample recruited through various channels connected with the National Criminal Justice Training Center.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty percent of participants exhibited high burnout. The Burnout Self-Assessment Tool demonstrated a sensitivity of 69.6% and specificity of 74.6% at a cut-off point ≥2, correctly classifying 73.6% of the sample. Individuals with scores ≥2 were 3.47 times more likely to be experiencing high burnout than peers with a score of zero, with increasing odds with each additional score. High burnout was associated with longer tenure in current positions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The Burnout Self-Assessment Tool offers a short and simple self-assessment tool for law enforcement professionals exposed to child sexual abuse material, aiding in the early identification of burnout symptoms. A cut-off point ≥2 provides a data-driven strategy for identifying individuals at increased risk, promoting timely intervention and support to mitigate burnout's adverse effects on mental well-being and professional performance. The Burnout Self-Assessment Tool's sensitivity and specificity balance enhances its utility, providing a proactive approach to address the unique mental health challenges faced by law enforcement personnel combating crimes involving child sexual abuse material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000634/pdfft?md5=db41cdf285a01c2d51968ccba6584df0&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000634-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141394198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Impact of a Mobile-Delivered Diabetes Intervention to Control Blood Pressure in Older Adults","authors":"Koren S. Goodman PhD, MSEd ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Locke PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2024.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Patient education is an effective modality to reinforce self-care practices for chronic disease management. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to assess the health impact of a phone-delivered diabetes intervention and (2) to identify predictors of telehealth message use among adults aged 18–65 years with diabetes in a primary care setting using the Technology Acceptance Model theoretical framework.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A pretest–posttest experimental study design was employed. Participants were randomized to receive 7 weeks of telehealth self-care messages or to the routine care group. Outcome measures included (1) telehealth use among patients who received weekly telehealth messages, (2) self-care behavior management derived from the Behavior Score Instrument, and (3) clinical outcomes measures.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study team enrolled 150 patients, and of these, 138 (aged 18–65 years) completed the study. Participants aged 53±9.6 (mean±SD) years were mainly females (<em>n</em>=93; 76%), and the majority received government-sponsored health insurance (<em>n</em>=75; 54%). Age was a strong predictor of telehealth use (<em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Among patients who received telehealth messages, systolic and diastolic blood pressure measures (140/78 mmHg vs 134/74 mmHg) were statistically significant at follow-up (<em>p</em>=0.001 and <em>p</em>=0.007, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Digital support tools can play a valuable role in supporting lifestyle modification changes and reinforcing good diabetes self-care practices in older adults. Providing accessible tools and resources empowers adults to take an active role in their own health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000622/pdfft?md5=9e654ac7e83af6784f4222918f1331a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000622-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141416480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board and Journal Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2773-0654(24)00057-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2773-0654(24)00057-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424000579/pdfft?md5=a64ce9795b0708bba3a0141747a43889&pid=1-s2.0-S2773065424000579-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141243598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}