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The topographical anatomy of the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa is investigated. 194 preparations from 98 adult specimens are examined (53 male, 45 female). Our important findings are the following: 1. In 29 of 96 specimens (in 2 cases only one side was available) the maxillary artery is located on the outer side of the external pterygoid muscle on one side of the head whereas on the opposite side of the same head it is situated on the inner side of the external pterygoid muscle. 2. in our dissections the maxillary artery is running more frequently medial to the external pterygoid muscle (107 out of 194 preparations; 55.2%) 3. in 2 cases the relation of the maxillary artery to the branches of the mandibular nerve is considerable interesting. 4. An accessory meningeal artery is found in 9 cases (4.6%). 5. In 2 cases the maxillary artery perforates the lingual nerve.

Through an examination of the subepicardial part of the heart in the guinea pig it was characterized a duality concerning to the origin and branching of the 2 coronary arteries which are represented by 4, and not by 2, aortic branches: the R. circumflexus sinister and the R. interventricularis paraconalis to the left coronary artery; the A. coronaria dextra and the R. coni arteriosi to the right coronary artery. The heart of the guinea pig was considered of the "left coronary pattern", but the whole characteristics of its arterial vascularization seem to be concerning to the "intermediate coronary pattern".

The possibility of connections between Canalis mastoideus and Cellulae mastoideae is checked by means of probation in 30 human skulls and 10 selected skulls (out of this 30) by x-ray investigation. In 4 cases such connection were seen. It is evident that the migration of inflammations along such connections is possible.

Dog submandibular gland cells store mucins and secretory protein in their secretory granules for the purpose of export. The secretion of these products is under the influence of autonomic innervation to the gland. Acinar cell products are influenced by the parasympathetic division whereas the duct cell secretory proteins are influenced by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Demilune cell secretory products are influenced by both divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

The arrangement of the muscular elements in the upper duodenum were examined. Continuity is found between some of the fiber bundles from the outer and inner layers, forming an extensive helicoidal system of bundles. Some fiber bundles from the external layer penetrate the pancreatic stroma while others are related to the tunica adventitia of the duodenum, hepato-duodenal ligament and wall of the gastroduodenal artery.

125I-glucagon binding sites have been detected and quantified on the intestinal smooth muscle cells of the dog by means of ultrastructural autoradiographic methods. These binding sites are located mainly in the plasmalema. The present findings established a morphological correlation with the physiological data concerning the spasmolytic function of the glucagon on the intestinal wall.

The parts of the fetal colon--later retroperitoneally located (ascending and descending colon)--were examined in 31 human fetuses in order to determine their ontogenetic formation, position, and dorsal attachment. The present data cast doubt upon so-called "descending of the caecum" described in current textbooks of embryology. Considering the literature available a new concept of the formation of the right colon flexure and the ascending colon is presented.

The prostate glands of 10 mature camels (3-5 years of age) were studied with the transmission electron microscope. Ultrastructural examination of the secretory acini showed 2 types of cells, i.e. tall secretory epithelial cells and basal cells. The cells both were characterised by rounded nuclei. The subnuclear cytoplasm was filled with abundant stacks of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The RER was occasionally observed to be interconnected with whorls and networks of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). In the supranuclear region, a moderate Golgi complex and a large number of secretory granules of varying sizes and electron density were observed. Lysosomes of various sizes were present in all types of cells. The luminal surfaces of the cells were covered with large number of microvilli. The basal cells were described. The ultrastructural morphology of the secretory units of the camel prostate may help us to determine if the mode of secretion in the camel prostate is apocrine in nature.

Histogenesis of eccrine sweat glands is incompletely understood. Histochemistry of the human eccrine sweat gland of adult skin by the use of lectins as well as antibodies to neuroglandular antigen (NGA) and urokinase was in favour of a relative independent differentiation from interfollicular epidermis. Expression of NGA by sweat glands is a feature unique among skin appendages. The possible impact of our findings for sweat gland histogenesis is briefly discussed.

The origin and peripheral distribution of the primary afferent fibers to the cat auricle were studied by the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) method. Following HRP injection into the whole region of the auricle, HRP-labeled cells were found ipsilaterally in the trigeminal ganglion, geniculate ganglion, superior ganglion of the vagus nerve and in the C1 to C4 spinal ganglia. In addition to the ganglia of cranial and spinal nerves, labeled cells were also observed in the facial nerve trunk and in the dorso-lateral portion of the superior cervical ganglion. In the case of HRP injection into the central region of the auricle, labeled cells were principally observed in the ganglia of cranial nerves and to a lesser degree in the spinal ganglia. On the contrary, in the case of HRP injection into the peripheral region of the auricle, labeled cells were principally observed in the spinal ganglia, although some were seen in the ganglia of cranial nerves. This study suggests that the cutaneous innervation of the auricle is supplied by both the cranial and spinal nerves, and that the central region of the auricle is strongly innervated by the cranial nerves and the peripheral region of the auricle is strongly innervated by the spinal nerves.