Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine最新文献

The Pomeranian dog is recognized as one of the predisposed breeds for alopecia X, a noninflammatory hair cycle arrest disorder. Although it is considered a cosmetic issue unrelated to systemic illness, having a pet with alopecia can be distressing for owners. Sex steroid imbalance seems to influence the development of alopecia X, but the exact pathogenesis is still unknown. Although some treatment alternatives are currently available for alopecia X, results can vary, as well as costs, risks, and owner adherence. GnRH analogs have been used extensively in the modulation of sex hormone synthesis in humans. Previous studies support the use of the GnRH analog in treating male dogs with alopecia X, but current literature discourages its use in females. We aim to report the first scientific description of a neutered female dog with alopecia X successfully treated with a 4.7 mg deslorelin acetate implant after failing to respond to melatonin. Profuse hair regrowth took 9 months to occur after the first implant, but the treatment was considered uncomplicated, cost-effective, and safe.

Babesiosis is a vector-borne disease caused by an intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite of the genus Babesia. There are several species of Babesia that can infect dogs, however, B. vogeli is the most widely distributed in South America. Anemia and thrombocytopenia are the most frequent hematologic alterations reported in dogs with babesiosis. The aim of the present study was to perform a molecular characterization of the Babesia species and describe the hematological findings regarding dogs with the Babesia infection. Blood samples were collected from 35 dogs living in an urban area with symptoms compatible with babesiosis, and the data was analyzed using molecular as well as hematological approaches. Molecular detection was performed by nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene. To identify species, positives samples were sequenced and analyzed. Among the total number of samples, four (11%) were reported as positive due to a high identity (99-100%) and were clustered with the B. vogeli clade. The main hematological alteration found in infected dogs was thrombocytopenia (100%). Other abnormalities were also observed, although to a lesser extent, such as: normocytic normochromic anemia, monocytosis and eosinopenia. It is important to emphasize that this research is the first study involving molecular detection and hematology abnormalities in dogs with B. vogeli from Paraguay.

The current study was aimed at assessing the status of vitamin D3 in growing Najdi lambs in Basra province, Iraq. By using a model of musculoskeletal illness, "Najdi lambs", sera were examined for determining the levels of the total serum vitamin D3, Ca (calcium), P (phosphorus), PTH (parathyroid hormone), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), and ALT (Alanine aminotransferase).The results showed that there was a sharp down-regulation (17.7 ± 1.07 Ng/ML) of total serum vitamin D3 in Najdi lambs that had signs of musculoskeletal disorders, poor body and hair condition scores, decrease appetite, and poor growth when compared to high levels (89.75 ± 7.06 Ng/ML) in control healthy Najdi lambs. However, dark coat color Najdi lambs had higher serum levels (P<0.05) of vitamin D3 than light coat color Najdi lambs in both deficient to vitamin D3 and control healthy lambs. Interestingly, a correlation between the total serum vitamin D3 concentration and the serum level of Ca/P ratio, PTH, ALP and ALT was observed. Thus in lambs with low vitamin D3 concentration, Ca and P concentrations were lower while PTH, ALP and ALT were higher than in lambs with higher concentrations of vitamin D3. In the final consideration, deficiency of vitamin D3 in local Najdi lambs potentially threatens their health and has an important role in suppressing their immunity. Our study provides evidence for association of the pigmentation and the metabolism of vitamin D3. Evaluation the serum levels of reliable minerals, hormones and enzymes as biomarkers can support the early diagnosis of metabolic diseases included vitamin D3 in domestic animals.

Ascaris lumbricoides infections represent a major global health challenge, affecting both humans and non-human primates. In non-human primates, A. lumbricoides infections pose a significant threat to conservation efforts, as they can impact both captive and wild populations, causing complications ranging from mild to severe. This study reports the case of two black sakis (Chiroptes utahickae) kept under human care in a zoo-a male and a female-presented for routine examination due to weight loss. Ultrasonography revealed a substantial intestinal infestation of large roundworms. The female was treated with pyrantel pamoate, and the male with fenbendazole, both with successful outcomes. The worms were sent for morphological and molecular identification, and the animals were submitted for new examinations. This case underscores the importance of preventive veterinary check-ups in zoos, particularly for parasites that pose zoonotic risks, to ensure both animal and human health.

Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune bullous dermatosis caused by the action of antibodies against epidermal cells and is considered as the most frequent pemphigus complex disease that affects pets. It is characterized by the presence of intraepidermal pustules that may evolve into erosion, scaling, crusts, and alopecia, affecting the periocular area, nasal planum, ventral area, abdomen, and paw pads. The diagnosis is made by observing the animal's history, anamnesis, clinical signs, and laboratory tests such as cytological examination and is confirmed by histopathology. The recommended treatment is systemic immunosuppressive therapy, such as prednisone or prednisolone. This study reports the treatment of a male German Spitz canine with oral oclacitinib who was diagnosed with pemphigus foliaceus that was unresponsive to oral corticosteroids. Oclacitinib was effective in treating pemphigus foliaceus and may be a new therapeutic option for this dermatopathy.

In the present case report, the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the two cases of bone metastasis of mammary carcinoma in bitches are described. The animal in the first case is a 10 years old female poodle. The physical examination revealed a mass in the left abdominal caudal (M4) and inguinal (M5) mammary glands with a six-month evolution. The imaging exams of the right pelvic limb revealed areas of bone lysis in the distal portion of the femur. No evidence of metastases was observed in the thorax on thoracic radiographs. Microscopic evaluations were consistent with the diagnosis of malignant adenomyoepithelioma. The mass in the distal region of the femur has characteristics similar to those observed in the mammary gland mass. The animal in the second case was a nine-year-old female mixed-breed euthanized due to the unfavorable prognosis of the disease. Histopathological evaluation of the primary tumor in M3, M4, and M5 was consistent with the diagnosis of grade II cribriform carcinoma. Metastatic foci were observed in the lung, liver, kidney, adrenal, proximal metaphyseal region of the right humerus extending to the distal diaphyseal region, and axillary and medial iliac lymph nodes' parenchyma. Immunohistochemistry was performed for markers Ki67, Cox-2, ER, PR, Pan-CK, p63 and HER-2 in the primary tumor and bone metastasis in both cases. High proliferation rate, positivity for hormone receptors, Pan-CK and p63 were observed in both cases. HER-2 was negative in the primary tumor and bone metastasis and COX-2 was negative in the primary tumor of both cases, negative in the metastasis of case 01 and positive in the metastasis of case 02.

Ureteral ectopia is a congenital malformation characterized by the abnormal location of the distal aspect of one or both ureters, being classified according to its anatomical path as intramural or extramural. The most common clinical sign is urinary incontinence. The presence of other associated urogenital anomalies, such as hydroureter, hydronephrosis and ureterocele are possible, being the last one a rare condition characterized as a cystic dilation of the submucosal layer of the distal ureter. The diagnosis is based on patient history, clinical signs and imaging exams. Treatment consists in surgical correction, with the technique variating according to the condition classification, and the prognosis is favorable, however most animals remain incontinent. This paper objective to report the diagnostic and clinical surgical conduction of intramural unilateral ectopic ureter correction associated to ectopic ureterocele in a Siberian Husky, 7-months-old, attended at Veterinary Hospital of Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro with complaint of urinary incontinence and clinical history of bacterial cystitis. The diagnosis of intramural unilateral ectopia associated with ureterocele was obtained through abdominal ultrasound and excretory urography, being confirmed with surgery. The surgical technique performed was neoureterostomy, and there were no trans or post-surgical intercurrence. Despite maintenance of the ureterocele and right ureter and renal pelvis dilation two days after surgery, observed during abdominal ultrasound, these alterations has positive evolution one week after the surgical procedure. Patient presented significant improvement of urinary incontinence two months after surgery.

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During the global Mpox outbreak, the potential role of dogs and cats in the epidemiological chain of monkeypox virus was suspected. Additionally, Brazil is endemic for vaccinia virus and the recently described Brazilian porcupinepox virus, both of which require further investigation regarding their potential reservoirs. Given that dogs and cats are among the most popular pets worldwide and that poxvirus infections could impact multispecies households, this study aimed to assess the circulation of poxviruses in pets during the Mpox pandemic. A pan-pox polymerase chain reaction assay was applied to blood samples from 608 dogs and 271 cats. Despite the potential for detecting poxviruses in companion animals, no molecular evidence of poxvirus infection was found in the studied population.

Urolithiasis is the third most prevalent disease of the urinary tract of dogs and cats, and is characterized by presence of crystals and / or formation of stones. The present study objective was to report the confirmation rate of suspected cases of urolithiasis in dogs and cats treated at veterinary clinics in the city of Santarém, Pará. A retrospective cohort study was carried out from the database of medical records from six veterinary clinics from the years 2012 to 2023. Dogs and cats were evaluated for clinical suspicion, species, age, breed, feeding type, diagnosis, location of the urolith and type of urolith. As the data did not present a normal distribution, they were submitted to the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The analyses were performed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS), considering a 5% significance level. Of the 532 files analyzed of suspected cases, 353 were confirmed. The percentage of cases in cats (72.23%) was higher than in dogs (55.37%). The age range between 2 and 5 years was the period when it had more confirmed cases and most of the uroliths were found in the urinary vesicle, both in dogs and cats. It was concluded that there was a high index of confirmed cases of urolithiasis in dogs and cats, being superior in this last species. In addition, in both species are more affected animals between 2 and 5 years of age, being more common the location of uroliths in the bladder.