Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100271
Caregivers for spouses with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) experience drastic changes in the marital relationship that may put them at risk for worsening well-being. Perceived partner responsiveness, or feeling cared for, understood, and appreciated by one's spouse, may help mitigate these effects. In this study, we investigated the associations between marital distress, perceived partner responsiveness, and psychological and physiological well-being indicators among ADRD spousal caregivers.
Method
A sample of 161 caregivers provided blood samples and completed self-report measures of marital distress, perceived partner responsiveness, and depressive symptoms. We tested hypotheses in our sample cross-sectionally based on two theoretical frameworks.
Results
Testing the marital discord model of depression, caregivers who reported greater marital distress also reported more depressive symptoms, and this association was stronger as participants reported lower perceived partner responsiveness. Caregivers who reported greater marital distress exhibited elevated proinflammatory cytokine production by in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes at low levels of perceived partner responsiveness, but not mean or high levels. Testing the vulnerability-stress-adaptation model, caregivers who reported more depressive symptoms also reported greater marital distress. Further, caregivers who exhibited elevated LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production reported greater marital distress at mean and high levels of perceived partner responsiveness, but not low levels. These patterns of results held even when accounting for the dementia stage and reported hours of caregiving per day.
Discussion
This study's findings contribute to the body of research examining interpersonal factors that shape health and well-being among the caregiver population.
{"title":"Perceived partner responsiveness alters the association between marital distress and well-being in dementia spousal caregivers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caregivers for spouses with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) experience drastic changes in the marital relationship that may put them at risk for worsening well-being. Perceived partner responsiveness, or feeling cared for, understood, and appreciated by one's spouse, may help mitigate these effects. In this study, we investigated the associations between marital distress, perceived partner responsiveness, and psychological and physiological well-being indicators among ADRD spousal caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A sample of 161 caregivers provided blood samples and completed self-report measures of marital distress, perceived partner responsiveness, and depressive symptoms. We tested hypotheses in our sample cross-sectionally based on two theoretical frameworks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Testing the marital discord model of depression, caregivers who reported greater marital distress also reported more depressive symptoms, and this association was stronger as participants reported lower perceived partner responsiveness. Caregivers who reported greater marital distress exhibited elevated proinflammatory cytokine production by in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes at low levels of perceived partner responsiveness, but not mean or high levels. Testing the vulnerability-stress-adaptation model, caregivers who reported more depressive symptoms also reported greater marital distress. Further, caregivers who exhibited elevated LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production reported greater marital distress at mean and high levels of perceived partner responsiveness, but not low levels. These patterns of results held even when accounting for the dementia stage and reported hours of caregiving per day.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study's findings contribute to the body of research examining interpersonal factors that shape health and well-being among the caregiver population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100269
Objective
To evaluate longitudinal associations of distress and inflammation with somatic and depressive symptom severity in breast cancer patients, from before to six months after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We also explored feasibility and effects of an early mindfulness-based intervention for preventing or reducing somatic and depressive symptoms.
Methods
Longitudinal pilot study with a randomized waitlist-controlled intervention design. Women with breast cancer were randomized to receive access to a smartphone application offering meditation exercises, either immediately after baseline testing (intervention group) or after study completion (control group) in a 1:1 ratio. Assessments (self-report questionnaires and a blood draw when feasible) were completed before, halfway through, immediately after, and 6 months after completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Results
Fifty evaluable women were enrolled. Somatic symptom severity increased during chemotherapy, whereas depressive symptom severity was at its peak before treatment and declined gradually thereafter. Distress was positively associated with depressive symptom severity. Only Distress Thermometer-results were positively associated with somatic symptom severity. Inflammation was positively associated with both types of symptoms, and distress did not moderate the associations between inflammation and symptom severity. Intervention adherence was low and no intervention effect on symptom experience was observed.
Conclusion
Inflammation and distress are independently associated with somatic and depressive symptoms experienced during breast cancer treatment.
{"title":"Distress and inflammation are independently associated with cancer-related symptom severity","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate longitudinal associations of distress and inflammation with somatic and depressive symptom severity in breast cancer patients, from before to six months after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We also explored feasibility and effects of an early mindfulness-based intervention for preventing or reducing somatic and depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Longitudinal pilot study with a randomized waitlist-controlled intervention design. Women with breast cancer were randomized to receive access to a smartphone application offering meditation exercises, either immediately after baseline testing (intervention group) or after study completion (control group) in a 1:1 ratio. Assessments (self-report questionnaires and a blood draw when feasible) were completed before, halfway through, immediately after, and 6 months after completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty evaluable women were enrolled. Somatic symptom severity increased during chemotherapy, whereas depressive symptom severity was at its peak before treatment and declined gradually thereafter. Distress was positively associated with depressive symptom severity. Only Distress Thermometer-results were positively associated with somatic symptom severity. Inflammation was positively associated with both types of symptoms, and distress did not moderate the associations between inflammation and symptom severity. Intervention adherence was low and no intervention effect on symptom experience was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Inflammation and distress are independently associated with somatic and depressive symptoms experienced during breast cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100270
Is the oxytocin-vasopressin (OT-AVP) system a part of the unseen force that subtly (in a clever and indirect way) directs our human fascination to ourselves? And is it possible that this fundamental drive is the inevitable handmaiden of the genetic selection for survival and reproduction that is played out at the level of the individual, the family and the society? Perhaps. But an equally intense biological drive to experience the unknown is intertwined and exists in the individual as “curiosity”. Both are essential for survival and success of the species. Curiously, the path to understanding ourselves, the joy of discovery and joining with others on this imperial journey to the OT-AVP system may itself be driven by the same system. I have been driven and inspired to understand “Us” for some unseen reason. This chapter relates how a driving curiosity and search for meaning led to the critical training and inspired mentorship essential for developing novel genetic, cellular and imaging technologies necessary for each advance toward this deeper understanding. Specifically, the chapter describes my recognition of human “Genetics” as the hub of medicine and the language of human neurobiology. We then set out the rationale for and sequential development of four technologies (dense whole genome arrays of genomic markers integrated with the recombination map; needed to genetically dissect and define the genetic contributions to the distinct features of brain and social behavior in Down syndrome and Williams syndrome. These include generation of 1) dense whole genome arrays of genomic markers integrated with the recombination and gene maps for defining rare cases of WS differing by one or more deleted genes, 2) analytic methods for parsing genetic contributions to standardized outcomes of cognitive and behavioral data, 3) technologies using multicolor and multi temporal fluorescence in situ hybridization to define the subcellular and neuroanatomic localization of candidate genes in the non-human primate (macaque) brain, and 4) an approach to integrating timed measures of blood neuropeptides and genomic DNA sequence variants with self-reported religious experience in devout members of the LDS church. Working across evolution and ontogeny at the cellular, neural systems and organismal levels, has led to a suspicion that a bit of the grand design may involve OT, AVP and their partners in the subtle and artful processes of the last one-half billion years that link survival of our species with our prized capacity for abstract thought and spirituality.
{"title":"Oxytocin and our place in the universe","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Is the oxytocin-vasopressin (OT-AVP) system a part of the unseen force that subtly (in a clever and indirect way) directs our human fascination to ourselves? And is it possible that this fundamental drive is the inevitable handmaiden of the genetic selection for survival and reproduction that is played out at the level of the individual, the family and the society? Perhaps. But an equally intense biological drive to experience the unknown is intertwined and exists in the individual as “curiosity”. Both are essential for survival and success of the species. Curiously, the path to understanding ourselves, the joy of discovery and joining with others on this imperial journey to the OT-AVP system may itself be driven by the same system. I have been driven and inspired to understand “Us” for some unseen reason. This chapter relates how a driving curiosity and search for meaning led to the critical training and inspired mentorship essential for developing novel genetic, cellular and imaging technologies necessary for each advance toward this deeper understanding. Specifically, the chapter describes my recognition of human “Genetics” as the hub of medicine and the language of human neurobiology. We then set out the rationale for and sequential development of four technologies (dense whole genome arrays of genomic markers integrated with the recombination map; needed to genetically dissect and define the genetic contributions to the distinct features of brain and social behavior in Down syndrome and Williams syndrome. These include generation of 1) dense whole genome arrays of genomic markers integrated with the recombination and gene maps for defining rare cases of WS differing by one or more deleted genes, 2) analytic methods for parsing genetic contributions to standardized outcomes of cognitive and behavioral data, 3) technologies using multicolor and multi temporal fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization to define the subcellular and neuroanatomic localization of candidate genes in the non-human primate (macaque) brain, and 4) an approach to integrating timed measures of blood neuropeptides and genomic DNA sequence variants with self-reported religious experience in devout members of the LDS church. Working across evolution and ontogeny at the cellular, neural systems and organismal levels, has led to a suspicion that a bit of the grand design may involve OT, AVP and their partners in the subtle and artful processes of the last one-half billion years that link survival of our species with our prized capacity for abstract thought and spirituality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100264
{"title":"Addendum to “Reflections on the study of empathy in a sample of refugees and migrants from Arabic-speaking countries with diverse experiences of war-related trauma” [Compr. Psychoneuroendocrinology 19C (2024) 100253]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100268
<div><div>This article summarizes my scientific work and describes some personal experiences during this period. After my basal medical training (MD) (1971), I obtained a PhD in pharmacology (1976) and ended up as a professor of Physiology.</div><div>My initial studies were within the field of gastroenterology. I showed that the gastrointestinal hormone gastrin, which stimulates HCL secretion in the stomach, was released in response to stimulation of the vagal nerve. Later I showed that the entire endocrine system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that promotes digestion and anabolic metabolism and growth was under vagal nerve control. I also showed that activation of the vagal nerve inhibits the function of the inhibitory substance somatostatin.</div><div>10 years later, after some big changes in my personal life, my research focus changed. I became interested in female physiology, particularly the role of oxytocin. In addition, I became aware of the situation of female scientists and started to work with questions regarding equality between women and men.</div><div>I gathered a group of interested female medical students and midwives around me. We demonstrated that breastfeeding and touch (e.g., between mother and baby), via stimulation of sensory nerves in the skin, activated the endocrine system of the GI tract and, thereby, anabolic processes and growth. The effects were exerted via a vagal mechanism and involved activation of parvocellular oxytocinergic neurons from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We also showed that the gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin stimulated the release of oxytocin in a calorie-dependent way via an afferent vagal mechanism.</div><div>In summary, there is a bidirectional, vagally mediated connection between the endocrine system of the GI tract and the oxytocin producing neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of the hypothalamus.1. Oxytocinergic neurons from the PVN enhances the activity of the endocrine system of the GI tract and thereby growth and regeneration. The effect is exerted via efferent vagal fibers which inhibit the release of somatostatin. 2. Food in the duodenum triggers a release of cholecystokinin (CCK), which via a vagal afferent mechanism stimulates the release and function of oxytocin. This mechanism is not activated in the absence of food intake.</div><div>Administration of oxytocin induces a multitude of actions, i.e., anxiolytic and sedative effects, increased pain threshold, lowering of cortisol and blood pressure and an increased activity of the endocrine system of the GI tract. Repeated administration of oxytocin may induce long-term effects and “secondary” mechanisms such as an increased activity of alpha-2- adrenoceptors are involved.</div><div>Oxytocin released by suckling during breastfeeding or by touch during social interaction will induce a similar effect spectrum. Activation of the parvocellular neurons will stimulate some aspects of social behavior,
{"title":"Oxytocin in growth, reproduction, restoration and health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article summarizes my scientific work and describes some personal experiences during this period. After my basal medical training (MD) (1971), I obtained a PhD in pharmacology (1976) and ended up as a professor of Physiology.</div><div>My initial studies were within the field of gastroenterology. I showed that the gastrointestinal hormone gastrin, which stimulates HCL secretion in the stomach, was released in response to stimulation of the vagal nerve. Later I showed that the entire endocrine system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that promotes digestion and anabolic metabolism and growth was under vagal nerve control. I also showed that activation of the vagal nerve inhibits the function of the inhibitory substance somatostatin.</div><div>10 years later, after some big changes in my personal life, my research focus changed. I became interested in female physiology, particularly the role of oxytocin. In addition, I became aware of the situation of female scientists and started to work with questions regarding equality between women and men.</div><div>I gathered a group of interested female medical students and midwives around me. We demonstrated that breastfeeding and touch (e.g., between mother and baby), via stimulation of sensory nerves in the skin, activated the endocrine system of the GI tract and, thereby, anabolic processes and growth. The effects were exerted via a vagal mechanism and involved activation of parvocellular oxytocinergic neurons from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We also showed that the gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin stimulated the release of oxytocin in a calorie-dependent way via an afferent vagal mechanism.</div><div>In summary, there is a bidirectional, vagally mediated connection between the endocrine system of the GI tract and the oxytocin producing neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of the hypothalamus.1. Oxytocinergic neurons from the PVN enhances the activity of the endocrine system of the GI tract and thereby growth and regeneration. The effect is exerted via efferent vagal fibers which inhibit the release of somatostatin. 2. Food in the duodenum triggers a release of cholecystokinin (CCK), which via a vagal afferent mechanism stimulates the release and function of oxytocin. This mechanism is not activated in the absence of food intake.</div><div>Administration of oxytocin induces a multitude of actions, i.e., anxiolytic and sedative effects, increased pain threshold, lowering of cortisol and blood pressure and an increased activity of the endocrine system of the GI tract. Repeated administration of oxytocin may induce long-term effects and “secondary” mechanisms such as an increased activity of alpha-2- adrenoceptors are involved.</div><div>Oxytocin released by suckling during breastfeeding or by touch during social interaction will induce a similar effect spectrum. Activation of the parvocellular neurons will stimulate some aspects of social behavior,","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100266
Traditional stress-and-health models link stressors to their health consequences through a well-characterized cascade. Most of the research assumes that the stress-health sequence unfolds in the same way across adulthood, whether a person is 25 years old or 80. Taking a “developmental” or “lifespan” approach has been synonymous with studying the lasting health impacts of early life experiences. However, theories and evidence from adult development and geroscience suggest that stress-health dynamics evolve in important ways over the adult lifespan—from the stressors that we encounter, to the emotion regulation strategies that we use to confront challenges, to the psychosocial resources at our disposal, to the cellular milieu, and thus to the magnitude of stressors' biological and functional consequences. This critical review synthesizes theoretical perspectives and selected empirical literature on the social-emotional and biological dimensions of aging to promote an Integrative Model of Aging, Stress, and Health. Through this integration, the model illustrates how an interdisciplinary, developmental perspective can enrich our understanding of stress's consequences for health across adulthood. It also seeks to guide a new generation of research questions that confront aging with a multidimensional approach. The piece concludes with personal reflections on the foundational legacy of the author's mentor, Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser.
{"title":"Is age more than a number? Accounting for adult development and aging in the study of psychoneuroimmunology, stress, and health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional stress-and-health models link stressors to their health consequences through a well-characterized cascade. Most of the research assumes that the stress-health sequence unfolds in the same way across adulthood, whether a person is 25 years old or 80. Taking a “developmental” or “lifespan” approach has been synonymous with studying the lasting health impacts of early life experiences. However, theories and evidence from adult development and geroscience suggest that stress-health dynamics evolve in important ways over the adult lifespan—from the stressors that we encounter, to the emotion regulation strategies that we use to confront challenges, to the psychosocial resources at our disposal, to the cellular milieu, and thus to the magnitude of stressors' biological and functional consequences. This critical review synthesizes theoretical perspectives and selected empirical literature on the social-emotional and biological dimensions of aging to promote an Integrative Model of Aging, Stress, and Health. Through this integration, the model illustrates how an interdisciplinary, developmental perspective can enrich our understanding of stress's consequences for health across adulthood. It also seeks to guide a new generation of research questions that confront aging with a multidimensional approach. The piece concludes with personal reflections on the foundational legacy of the author's mentor, Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100267
Stress physiology contributes to health outcomes. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is an objective measure of cumulative cortisol secretion associated with health, including pain. The aim of the current study was to describe associations between pre-injury stress physiology (as measured by HCC), acute pain characteristics and relevant demographic factors (i.e., BMI, age, sex, days since injury) in youth with an acute musculoskeletal (MSK) injury. Participants were 58 youth aged 11 to 17 with acute MSK pain. Participants completed self-report measures assessing pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and pain interference. Hair was collected within 1 month after injury using hair cortisol collection procedures adapted from published research protocols. Correlations examining associations among HCC values and clinical/demographic factors revealed that higher HCC was associated with lower body mass index (BMI) and male sex. HCC was not associated with pain variables or age. Additional research is needed to clarify the relation between HCC and psychosocial variables to aid researchers in studying the role of pre-injury stress in acute MSK injury and pain recovery in youth.
{"title":"Hair cortisol sampling as a measure of physiological stress in youth with acute musculoskeletal pain","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress physiology contributes to health outcomes. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is an objective measure of cumulative cortisol secretion associated with health, including pain. The aim of the current study was to describe associations between pre-injury stress physiology (as measured by HCC), acute pain characteristics and relevant demographic factors (i.e., BMI, age, sex, days since injury) in youth with an acute musculoskeletal (MSK) injury. Participants were 58 youth aged 11 to 17 with acute MSK pain. Participants completed self-report measures assessing pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and pain interference. Hair was collected within 1 month after injury using hair cortisol collection procedures adapted from published research protocols. Correlations examining associations among HCC values and clinical/demographic factors revealed that higher HCC was associated with lower body mass index (BMI) and male sex. HCC was not associated with pain variables or age. Additional research is needed to clarify the relation between HCC and psychosocial variables to aid researchers in studying the role of pre-injury stress in acute MSK injury and pain recovery in youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100265
While today, it might seem absurd to hear anyone claim that stress does not alter all aspects of the human experience, including behavioral, cognitive, affective, and physiological processes. Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser started her career at a time when stress was primarily considered a neuroendocrine response with cardiovascular repercussions. She was part of a small group of innovative scientists who began to push the boundaries of stress research – many contemporary immunologists and virologist disputed their early results in 1980s and 90s – and, yet, they persevered by connecting psychological stress to altered immune function via stress-related neuroendocrine changes. As a clinical psychologist, she focused mainly on human research studies to advance the field of psychoneuroimmunology throughout her career. Her research demonstrates how adversity and psychosocial aspects of human experience alter physiological functioning, primarily immune, and health or, in other words, the embodiment of our lived experiences. This short review is a contextualized synthesis of Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's key contributions to the fields of psychoneuroimmunology and health psychology and her influence on my present day thinking and research approaches, as well as potential steps forward in our post-pandemic world.
{"title":"The post-Cartesian dilemma: Reuniting the mind and body through psychoneuroimmunology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While today, it might seem absurd to hear anyone claim that stress does not alter all aspects of the human experience, including behavioral, cognitive, affective, and physiological processes. Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser started her career at a time when stress was primarily considered a neuroendocrine response with cardiovascular repercussions. She was part of a small group of innovative scientists who began to push the boundaries of stress research – many contemporary immunologists and virologist disputed their early results in 1980s and 90s – and, yet, they persevered by connecting psychological stress to altered immune function via stress-related neuroendocrine changes. As a clinical psychologist, she focused mainly on human research studies to advance the field of psychoneuroimmunology throughout her career. Her research demonstrates how adversity and psychosocial aspects of human experience alter physiological functioning, primarily immune, and health or, in other words, the embodiment of our lived experiences. This short review is a contextualized synthesis of Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's key contributions to the fields of psychoneuroimmunology and health psychology and her influence on my present day thinking and research approaches, as well as potential steps forward in our post-pandemic world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100263
The associations between hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a biomarker of chronic stress, and behavior and sleep disturbance symptoms have not been studied in children with psychiatric disorders. While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven effective in treating psychiatric symptoms in children, its potential biological implications as determined by HCC have not been investigated. We explored associations between HCC, behavior and sleep disturbance symptoms, and different diagnostic groupings (depression/anxiety, ADHD, or other types of psychiatric disorders) in clinician-diagnosed 6-12-year-old children (n = 100) with mixed psychiatric disorders and comorbidities. In addition, we examined whether group CBT led to changes in HCC, behavior symptoms, and sleep disturbance symptoms and whether any fluctuations in HCC levels were associated with potential symptom change. We collected data on HCC, internalizing and externalizing symptoms (The Spence Children's Anxiety Self-Report, Child Behavior Checklist, and Teacher Report Form), and sleep disturbance symptoms (The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) at three time points (baseline, post-treatment, and seven-month follow-up). Baseline HCC was not associated with behavior or sleep disturbance symptoms, whereas behavior and sleep disturbance symptoms were mutually correlated. No changes in HCC levels were observed with group CBT. Moreover, potential variations in HCC levels over the course of the study did not appear to be associated with behavior symptom relief after group CBT. Our findings suggest that HCC may not be a methodologically relevant biomarker of behavior or sleep disturbance symptoms in children with diverse psychiatric disorders.
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Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100262
Oxytocin is a key hormone in the transition to motherhood. The maternal endogenous oxytocin system facilitates many physiological and biological adaptations, including breastfeeding, maternal wellbeing, and brain plasticity. Additionally, maternal endogenous oxytocin works as a finetuned orchestrator prior to, during, and after the birth of a child to support birth progression and mother-infant bonding. Exogenous oxytocin may be administered to induce or augment labour when this is not progressing naturally and is a common obstetric intervention worldwide. However, the lasting impact of these widely varying levels of systemic exogenous oxytocin on mother-infant bonding is currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between exogenous oxytocin administered to induce or augment labour and quality of observed mother-infant bonding.
Thirty-eight mother and infant dyads participated (mothers aged 24–48 years; infants aged 2–5 months). Mother-infant bonding quality was assessed via the Recorded Interaction Task and hospital birth records were consulted to obtain exogenous oxytocin administration data. Demographic information and possible confounding factors were collected from dyads, and salivary oxytocin concentration was measured for both mother and infant.
Mother's perception of infant sleep difficulty was identified as a confounding factor for quality of mother-infant bonding. After controlling for the confounding factor, receiving exogenous oxytocin to induce or augment labour, as opposed to not, was found to be significantly positively associated with higher quality of observed mother-infant bonding (p = 0.029). These novel findings highlight the need for further exploration, both of the impact of the treatment and of the mechanisms of action of intrapartum exogenous oxytocin on the endogenous oxytocin system. It is argued that particular focus be given to investigate action on the central oxytocin receptors, and if this may play a role in subsequent mother-infant bonding outcomes. It is vital to understand the full breadth and the clinical implications of this commonplace procedure.
{"title":"Exogenous oxytocin administered to induce or augment labour is positively associated with quality of observed mother-infant bonding","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxytocin is a key hormone in the transition to motherhood. The maternal endogenous oxytocin system facilitates many physiological and biological adaptations, including breastfeeding, maternal wellbeing, and brain plasticity. Additionally, maternal endogenous oxytocin works as a finetuned orchestrator prior to, during, and after the birth of a child to support birth progression and mother-infant bonding. Exogenous oxytocin may be administered to induce or augment labour when this is not progressing naturally and is a common obstetric intervention worldwide. However, the lasting impact of these widely varying levels of systemic exogenous oxytocin on mother-infant bonding is currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between exogenous oxytocin administered to induce or augment labour and quality of observed mother-infant bonding.</p><p>Thirty-eight mother and infant dyads participated (mothers aged 24–48 years; infants aged 2–5 months). Mother-infant bonding quality was assessed via the Recorded Interaction Task and hospital birth records were consulted to obtain exogenous oxytocin administration data. Demographic information and possible confounding factors were collected from dyads, and salivary oxytocin concentration was measured for both mother and infant.</p><p>Mother's perception of infant sleep difficulty was identified as a confounding factor for quality of mother-infant bonding. After controlling for the confounding factor, receiving exogenous oxytocin to induce or augment labour, as opposed to not, was found to be significantly positively associated with higher quality of observed mother-infant bonding (p = 0.029). These novel findings highlight the need for further exploration, both of the impact of the treatment and of the mechanisms of action of intrapartum exogenous oxytocin on the endogenous oxytocin system. It is argued that particular focus be given to investigate action on the central oxytocin receptors, and if this may play a role in subsequent mother-infant bonding outcomes. It is vital to understand the full breadth and the clinical implications of this commonplace procedure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497624000389/pdfft?md5=6489786dd5815ff9e6c46ec865d7a201&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497624000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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