Measuring what it tends to measure makes a tool powerful and useful for decision-making. As the Amharic version summary of the diabetes self-care activity scale construct hasn't yet been validated, there is an urgent need for validation. This study aims to validate the Amharic version of the summary of the diabetes self-care activity scale among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Addis Ababa hospitals.
Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study design was used to recruit 600 participants. The data was collected using open-data-kit and exported to SPSS and STATA for analysis. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed on 300 randomly allocated separate samples.
Result
A total of four factors with an eigenvalue greater than one, constituting nine items, were identified. The average variance executed (AVE) becomes 0.78, with a composite reliability of 0.97. Hence there is convergence between the items and the new construct. The overall internal consistency of the new construct was 0.853, which is greater than 0.7, affirming the reliability of the construct.
Conclusion
We can conclude that this 4-factor structure with a 9-item Amharic version of SDSCA is highly valid and reliable. Researchers and clinicians are highly recommended to use this validated tool.
{"title":"Validation of the Amharic version of the summary of diabetes self-care activity scale among type 2 diabetes patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023","authors":"Molla Gashu , Yimer Seid Yimer , Ayele Belachew , Berhanu Semra Mulat","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Measuring what it tends to measure makes a tool powerful and useful for decision-making. As the Amharic version summary of the diabetes self-care activity scale construct hasn't yet been validated, there is an urgent need for validation. This study aims to validate the Amharic version of the summary of the diabetes self-care activity scale among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Addis Ababa hospitals.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A facility-based cross-sectional study design was used to recruit 600 participants. The data was collected using open-data-kit and exported to SPSS and STATA for analysis. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed on 300 randomly allocated separate samples.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>A total of four factors with an eigenvalue greater than one, constituting nine items, were identified. The average variance executed (AVE) becomes 0.78, with a composite reliability of 0.97. Hence there is convergence between the items and the new construct. The overall internal consistency of the new construct was 0.853, which is greater than 0.7, affirming the reliability of the construct.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We can conclude that this 4-factor structure with a 9-item Amharic version of SDSCA is highly valid and reliable. Researchers and clinicians are highly recommended to use this validated tool.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000271/pdfft?md5=3df0dd8d7783f38fad0cda1707374a4d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000271-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2024.100221
Samer Younes
Background
The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Syria emphasizes the urgent requirement for effective management approaches. The ABC goals, which include maintaining glycated hemoglobin levels below 7 %, blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dl, serve as crucial benchmarks for managing T2D and its associated comorbidities.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, the achievement of ABC goals was retrospectively examined among 681 clinically diagnosed T2D patients (not on Insulin) who participated in a six-year online lifestyle intervention program for diabetes management at the Freedom from Diabetes Clinic in Syria between January 2016 and December 2022.
Results
Out of the participants, 152 (22.3 %) successfully achieved all three ABC goals, while 306 (45.0 %) and 183 (26.9 %) achieved two or one goal(s) respectively. The factors influencing the attainment of all three ABC goals revealed a significant association with older age (>50 years), lower body mass index (<25 kg/m2), and lower insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance < 2.5). Furthermore, patients who successfully achieved all three ABC goals exhibited lower insulin resistance, improved lipid profiles, and higher insulin sensitivity and beta cell function.
Conclusion
This study offers new insights into the relationship between insulin resistance/sensitivity and the achievement of ABC goals in the Syrian population with T2D, underscoring the necessity for tailored strategies to enhance comprehensive diabetes management.
{"title":"The correlation of ABC goal attainment with insulin resistance/sensitivity in Syrian type 2 diabetes patients","authors":"Samer Younes","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Syria emphasizes the urgent requirement for effective management approaches. The ABC goals, which include maintaining glycated hemoglobin levels below 7 %, blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dl, serve as crucial benchmarks for managing T2D and its associated comorbidities.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this cross-sectional study, the achievement of ABC goals was retrospectively examined among 681 clinically diagnosed T2D patients (not on Insulin) who participated in a six-year online lifestyle intervention program for diabetes management at the Freedom from Diabetes Clinic in Syria between January 2016 and December 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of the participants, 152 (22.3 %) successfully achieved all three ABC goals, while 306 (45.0 %) and 183 (26.9 %) achieved two or one goal(s) respectively. The factors influencing the attainment of all three ABC goals revealed a significant association with older age (>50 years), lower body mass index (<25 kg/m2), and lower insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance < 2.5). Furthermore, patients who successfully achieved all three ABC goals exhibited lower insulin resistance, improved lipid profiles, and higher insulin sensitivity and beta cell function.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study offers new insights into the relationship between insulin resistance/sensitivity and the achievement of ABC goals in the Syrian population with T2D, underscoring the necessity for tailored strategies to enhance comprehensive diabetes management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266697062400026X/pdfft?md5=f5fd82ac6f31fec02870d126545664a8&pid=1-s2.0-S266697062400026X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141025367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mellitus diabetes is an endocrine trouble characterized by chronic high glycemia caused by a relative or absolute insulin deficiency. It is a public health problem because of its frequency associated with high morbi-mortality. The objective of this research was to determine the frequency of mellitus diabetes in under 15-year-old patients in Butembo Town.
Method
it was a cross-sectional descriptive study realized at the University Clinics of Graben from January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2021.
Results
Between 2017 and 2021, 3,681 children and adolescents were hospitalized at the University Clinics of the Graben Pediatrics Department. Out of them, 49 were diagnosed with mellitus diabetes, which indicates a prevalence of 1.331 %. The majority of patients were males, with high frequencies observed between the ages of 2 to 12 years. Common complaints included coma, polyurea-polydipsia, vision troubles, fever, weight loss, and growth retardation. Complications in infants and adolescents with diabetes included retinopathies, neuropathies, coma, infection, and ketoacidosis. The patients were admitted with extreme glycemia, with many suffering from hypoglycemia. Forty-three out of the 49 patients received insulin, and five of them died.
Conclusion
Mellitus diabetes in young remains a health problem in Butembo. Effective healthcare must include medical professionals, the population, and the state.
{"title":"Hospital prevalence of diabetes mellitus among under 15 children in Butembo: A retrospective study at the University Clinics of Graben","authors":"Roland Muyisa , Emile Watumwa , Apollinaire SaaSita , Judith Kithonga , Judith Malembe , Wivine Kitasuvirwa , Ghyslaine Kalivanda , Mupenzi Mumbere , Francois Mbahweka , Soly Kamwira","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Mellitus diabetes is an endocrine trouble characterized by chronic high glycemia caused by a relative or absolute insulin deficiency. It is a public health problem because of its frequency associated with high morbi-mortality. The objective of this research was to determine the frequency of mellitus diabetes in under 15-year-old patients in Butembo Town.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>it was a cross-sectional descriptive study realized at the University Clinics of Graben from January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Between 2017 and 2021, 3,681 children and adolescents were hospitalized at the University Clinics of the Graben Pediatrics Department. Out of them, 49 were diagnosed with mellitus diabetes, which indicates a prevalence of 1.331 %. The majority of patients were males, with high frequencies observed between the ages of 2 to 12 years. Common complaints included coma, polyurea-polydipsia, vision troubles, fever, weight loss, and growth retardation. Complications in infants and adolescents with diabetes included retinopathies, neuropathies, coma, infection, and ketoacidosis. The patients were admitted with extreme glycemia, with many suffering from hypoglycemia. Forty-three out of the 49 patients received insulin, and five of them died.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Mellitus diabetes in young remains a health problem in Butembo. Effective healthcare must include medical professionals, the population, and the state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000234/pdfft?md5=3983443ffc27baa3220ce1f0574b1df0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000234-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-21DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2024.100219
Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
{"title":"Epidemiology of isolated impaired fasting glucose among Asian Indians","authors":"Sathish Thirunavukkarasu","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000246/pdfft?md5=0b764abe89c0fb35014317b553ad8f8a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140637941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The decision to fast or not is quite complex. Personal, medical and religious matters may influence it for individuals with diabetes. However, a diagnosis of diabetes does not constitute an automatic exemption from Ramadan fasting. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the non-fasting cohort and explore the potential reasons during Ramadan through the global Ramadan surveys of 2020 and 2022.
Method
The Diabetes and Ramadan (DaR) Global Study is an observational retrospective survey conducted between 2020 and 2022, which included adult patients (18 and older) who fasted and those who opted not to fast. The survey captured demographic data and patient characteristics (co-morbidities, duration and type of diabetes, diabetes-related complications and medications, development of acute complications during Ramadan, hospitalisations and ER visits) for both groups.
Results
Of 12,059 patients, 1822 (14.5 %) did not fast during Ramadan; that population leaned towards females (54.6 %). They had an average age of 60.58 years (SD=12.12) with a statistically significant difference from the fasting population, averaging 54.29±11.45 (p = 0.000). Also of note was the more significant average duration of diabetes in the non-fasting cohort (12.54 years vs 9.44). There are notable regional differences in rates of fasting that ranged between 6.3 % and up to 51.2 % of patients opting not fast in certain regions (Chart 1). The risk factors that showed apparent differences of high statistical significance (p ≤ 0.001) included: long duration of diabetes of over ten years, age above 60+ years, HbA1c value over 9 %, use of insulin therapy, and being affected by one or more vascular complications (these include CKD, CVD, and diabetic foot problems).
Conclusions
Many factors and comorbidities might influence patients’ decisions when planning Ramadan fasting. The non-fasting population's demographic and clinical profiles reveal distinctive features, emphasising a need for tailored risk assessments. Furthermore, regional disparities in the decision to fast underscore the multifaceted nature of this decision-making process. The new IDF-DAR risk assessment tool can help to stratify patients’ risk during Ramadan fasting and bridge the gap among different populations and cultures.
{"title":"Characteristics of non-fasting patients with diabetes type 2 in the DAR global surveys of 2020 and 2022","authors":"Bachar Afandi , Khadija Hafidh , Rachid Malek , M Yakoob Ahmedani , Inass Shaltout , Reem Alamoudi , Zanariah Hussein , Mohamed Hassanein","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The decision to fast or not is quite complex. Personal, medical and religious matters may influence it for individuals with diabetes. However, a diagnosis of diabetes does not constitute an automatic exemption from Ramadan fasting. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the non-fasting cohort and explore the potential reasons during Ramadan through the global Ramadan surveys of 2020 and 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The Diabetes and Ramadan (DaR) Global Study is an observational retrospective survey conducted between 2020 and 2022, which included adult patients (18 and older) who fasted and those who opted not to fast. The survey captured demographic data and patient characteristics (co-morbidities, duration and type of diabetes, diabetes-related complications and medications, development of acute complications during Ramadan, hospitalisations and ER visits) for both groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 12,059 patients, 1822 (14.5 %) did not fast during Ramadan; that population leaned towards females (54.6 %). They had an average age of 60.58 years (SD=12.12) with a statistically significant difference from the fasting population, averaging 54.29±11.45 (<em>p</em> = 0.000). Also of note was the more significant average duration of diabetes in the non-fasting cohort (12.54 years vs 9.44). There are notable regional differences in rates of fasting that ranged between 6.3 % and up to 51.2 % of patients opting not fast in certain regions (Chart 1). The risk factors that showed apparent differences of high statistical significance (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.001) included: long duration of diabetes of over ten years, age above 60+ years, HbA1c value over 9 %, use of insulin therapy, and being affected by one or more vascular complications (these include CKD, CVD, and diabetic foot problems).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Many factors and comorbidities might influence patients’ decisions when planning Ramadan fasting. The non-fasting population's demographic and clinical profiles reveal distinctive features, emphasising a need for tailored risk assessments. Furthermore, regional disparities in the decision to fast underscore the multifaceted nature of this decision-making process. The new IDF-DAR risk assessment tool can help to stratify patients’ risk during Ramadan fasting and bridge the gap among different populations and cultures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000222/pdfft?md5=4eb5e3f489f47bab3d4af0c5dbecd660&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000222-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2024.100216
Jennifer Adjepong Agyekum , Kwame Yeboah
Background
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with high burden of atherosclerotic macrovascular disease which could be diagnosed with ankle-brachial index (ABI). Phase angle (PhA) from bioelectric impedance analysis is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the association between low ABI and phase angle in T2DM patients in Ghana.
Method
In a cross-sectional study, 462 T2DM patients were systematically recruited for the study. ABI was measured using an 8 Hz continuous Doppler and ABI≤0.9 was considered to be low ABI. PhA was obtained from resistance and reactance from Bioelectric impedance analysis.
Results
The prevalence of low ABI was 16 % in the study population. T2DM patients with low ABI have decreased PhA (7.5 ± 1.9 vs 8.3 ± 2.2 units, p = 0.004) compared to those with normal ABI. An increase in phase angle by 1° was associated with a decrease in odds of having low ABI in unadjusted [OR (95 % CI) = 0.79 (0.48 – 0.95), p = 0.007] and adjusted models [0.88 (0.43 – 0.98), p = 0.036].
Conclusion
The prevalence of low ABI in T2DM patients in this study was 16 %. Also, PhA was lower in patients with low ABI compared to those with normal ABI.
背景2型糖尿病（T2DM）与动脉粥样硬化性大血管疾病的高负担相关，而动脉粥样硬化性大血管疾病可通过踝肱指数（ABI）进行诊断。生物电阻抗分析得出的相位角（PhA）与心血管疾病的发展有关。我们调查了加纳 T2DM 患者低 ABI 与相位角之间的关系。使用 8 赫兹连续多普勒测量 ABI，ABI≤0.9 为低 ABI。从生物电阻抗分析的电阻和电抗中获得 PhA。与正常 ABI 患者相比，低 ABI T2DM 患者的 PhA 值降低（7.5 ± 1.9 vs 8.3 ± 2.2 单位，p = 0.004）。在未调整模型[OR (95 % CI) = 0.79 (0.48 - 0.95)，p = 0.007]和调整模型[0.88 (0.43 - 0.98)，p = 0.036]中，相位角增加 1°与低 ABI 的几率降低有关。此外，与正常 ABI 患者相比，低 ABI 患者的 PhA 值较低。
{"title":"Phase angle associated is with low ankle-brachial index in type 2 diabetes patients in Ghana","authors":"Jennifer Adjepong Agyekum , Kwame Yeboah","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with high burden of atherosclerotic macrovascular disease which could be diagnosed with ankle-brachial index (ABI). Phase angle (PhA) from bioelectric impedance analysis is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the association between low ABI and phase angle in T2DM patients in Ghana.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>In a cross-sectional study, 462 T2DM patients were systematically recruited for the study. ABI was measured using an 8 Hz continuous Doppler and ABI≤0.9 was considered to be low ABI. PhA was obtained from resistance and reactance from Bioelectric impedance analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of low ABI was 16 % in the study population. T2DM patients with low ABI have decreased PhA (7.5 ± 1.9 vs 8.3 ± 2.2 units, <em>p</em> = 0.004) compared to those with normal ABI. An increase in phase angle by 1° was associated with a decrease in odds of having low ABI in unadjusted [OR (95 % CI) = 0.79 (0.48 – 0.95), <em>p</em> = 0.007] and adjusted models [0.88 (0.43 – 0.98), <em>p</em> = 0.036].</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The prevalence of low ABI in T2DM patients in this study was 16 %. Also, PhA was lower in patients with low ABI compared to those with normal ABI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000210/pdfft?md5=20ec669293ad684e8b07be6d669947a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000210-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes and tobacco use are well-established risk factors for stroke. However, the intersection of prediabetes, tobacco use, and stroke among young individuals remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the association between pre-diabetes and stroke risk in young tobacco users.
Methods
Using the National Inpatient Sample (2019) and relevant ICD-10 codes, we identified young patients with tobacco use disorder and pre-diabetes. Regression analysis considered risk factors (gender, demographics, income, comorbidities) to assess stroke odds.
Results
Among 1,017,540 stroke hospitalizations, 1.9 % were pre-diabetic. Pre-diabetics were often older (median age 36 vs. 31), male (59.4 %), Black (33.8 %), and Hispanic (12.2 %), with higher rates of comorbidities, including drug abuse, alcohol abuse, COPD, and CKD (p < 0.001). They also exhibited higher rates of stroke events (1.9 % vs. 0.5 %, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis after adjusting for confounders, young metabolically healthy smokers with pre-diabetes had a higher risk of stroke (aOR 3.31, 95 % CI [1.67–6.55], p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Prediabetes could potentially triple stroke risk in young tobacco smokers. Prospective research is warranted to explore the causal association between pre-diabetes and stroke in the setting of tobacco use.
{"title":"Association of prediabetes with stroke in young metabolically healthy tobacco users: A population-based analysis","authors":"Advait Vasavada , Arankesh Mahadevan , Manisha Jain , Subramanian Gnanaguruparan , Rupak Desai","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Diabetes and tobacco use are well-established risk factors for stroke. However, the intersection of prediabetes, tobacco use, and stroke among young individuals remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the association between pre-diabetes and stroke risk in young tobacco users.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using the National Inpatient Sample (2019) and relevant ICD-10 codes, we identified young patients with tobacco use disorder and pre-diabetes. Regression analysis considered risk factors (gender, demographics, income, comorbidities) to assess stroke odds.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 1,017,540 stroke hospitalizations, 1.9 % were pre-diabetic. Pre-diabetics were often older (median age 36 vs. 31), male (59.4 %), Black (33.8 %), and Hispanic (12.2 %), with higher rates of comorbidities, including drug abuse, alcohol abuse, COPD, and CKD (<em>p</em> < 0.001). They also exhibited higher rates of stroke events (1.9 % vs. 0.5 %, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Multivariable analysis after adjusting for confounders, young metabolically healthy smokers with pre-diabetes had a higher risk of stroke (aOR 3.31, 95 % CI [1.67–6.55], <em>p</em> < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Prediabetes could potentially triple stroke risk in young tobacco smokers. Prospective research is warranted to explore the causal association between pre-diabetes and stroke in the setting of tobacco use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000155/pdfft?md5=a95efa544ec5b5f638e4cf57c191dc00&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000155-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There remains a paucity of research comparing the diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes between Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and x-ray modalities for Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy CNO. This retrospective study investigates the use of offloading devices, duration of offloading and final footwear outcomes dependent on imaging at diagnosis.
Methods
Medical records from a secondary hospital high-risk foot clinic in Perth, Western Australia, were systematically reviewed. Data collected included baseline medical history, location of CNO, Eichenholtz stage or Chantelau and Grutznel grade at diagnosis, type and duration of offloading, and final footwear outcomes.
Results
Twenty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria. All had diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. All patients received either an MRI (43%) or x-ray (57%) to confirm the diagnosis of active CNO. Five (17.9%) patients who were diagnosed on MRI had grade 0 CNO whilst 23 (82.1%) patients who were diagnosed on x-ray had stage 1 CNO. No statistical significance was found between the type and duration of offloading, resolution of CNO, footwear and transtibial amputation (TTA) outcomes across those diagnosed with MRI or x-ray.
Conclusion
No statistical significance in patient outcomes was found between those diagnosed with grade 0 on MRI and those diagnosed with stage 1 on x-ray.
背景目前仍很少有研究比较磁共振成像（MRI）和X射线模式对Charcot神经性骨关节病CNO的诊断和治疗效果。这项回顾性研究调查了诊断时使用的卸载装置、卸载持续时间和最终的鞋类治疗效果与成像结果之间的关系。方法对西澳大利亚州珀斯市一家二级医院高风险足部诊所的医疗记录进行了系统回顾。收集的数据包括基线病史、CNO位置、诊断时的Eichenholtz分期或Chantelau和Grutznel分级、卸载类型和持续时间以及最终的鞋类治疗效果。所有患者均患有糖尿病和周围神经病变。所有患者均接受了核磁共振成像（43%）或X光检查（57%），以确诊为活动性CNO。5名（17.9%）通过核磁共振成像确诊的患者为 0 级 CNO，23 名（82.1%）通过 X 光确诊的患者为 1 期 CNO。结论 MRI 诊断为 0 级的患者与 X 光诊断为 1 级的患者在治疗效果上没有统计学意义。
{"title":"Early diagnosis of Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy using MRI and its effect on patient outcomes: A seven-year retrospective audit","authors":"Laksh Lukkhoo , Sharlene Vu , Joanna Scheepers , Deborah Schoen","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There remains a paucity of research comparing the diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes between Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and x-ray modalities for Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy CNO. This retrospective study investigates the use of offloading devices, duration of offloading and final footwear outcomes dependent on imaging at diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Medical records from a secondary hospital high-risk foot clinic in Perth, Western Australia, were systematically reviewed. Data collected included baseline medical history, location of CNO, Eichenholtz stage or Chantelau and Grutznel grade at diagnosis, type and duration of offloading, and final footwear outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria. All had diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. All patients received either an MRI (43%) or x-ray (57%) to confirm the diagnosis of active CNO. Five (17.9%) patients who were diagnosed on MRI had grade 0 CNO whilst 23 (82.1%) patients who were diagnosed on x-ray had stage 1 CNO. No statistical significance was found between the type and duration of offloading, resolution of CNO, footwear and transtibial amputation (TTA) outcomes across those diagnosed with MRI or x-ray.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>No statistical significance in patient outcomes was found between those diagnosed with grade 0 on MRI and those diagnosed with stage 1 on x-ray.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000131/pdfft?md5=2b43b95910ef45809f0883f0f651baf3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000131-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2024.100209
Abdulrahman Alsheikh , Ali Alshehri , Saad Alzahrani , Anwar AlJammah , Fahad Alqahtani , Metib Alotaibi , Raed Aldahash , Amani M. Alhozali , Fahad Alsabaan , Mohammed Almehthel , Naser Aljuhani , Ali Aldabeis , Moneer Alamri , Waleed Maghawry , Naweed Alzaman , Alshaima Alshaikh , Omar M. Alnozha , Emad R Issak , Saud Alsifri
Aims
This study seeks to provide insights into the practical application and effects of oral semaglutide in Saudi T2DM patients under routine medical supervision.
Methods
The primary outcome measure was the laboratory HbA1c. Secondary measures included fasting blood glucose (FBG), weight, and hypoglycemia. All variables were checked after six months and 12 months of initiation.
Results
The analysis of this study included 245 uncontrolled (HbA1c > 7 %) T2DM patients. The mean baseline HbA1c was 10.1 % (1.2). HbA1c was reduced by an average of 3.1 % (0.8) and 3.2 % (0.8) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The frequency of hypoglycemia events in the last three months before semaglutide was initiated was 4.4 (1.1). The frequency of hypoglycemia events in the last three months was 2.2 (0.8) and 0.7 (0.4) at 6-month and 12-month follow-up visits, respectively. The percent reduction in body mass index (BMI) was an average of 13.0 % (1.4) and 19.7 % (3.4) at six months and 12 months, respectively. Lipid profile and blood pressure were improved at six months and 12 months.
Conclusions
Oral semaglutide provided substantial glycemic and weight-loss benefits in adult individuals with T2DM.
{"title":"Oral semaglutide effectiveness and safety in real world practice; The REVOLUTION study","authors":"Abdulrahman Alsheikh , Ali Alshehri , Saad Alzahrani , Anwar AlJammah , Fahad Alqahtani , Metib Alotaibi , Raed Aldahash , Amani M. Alhozali , Fahad Alsabaan , Mohammed Almehthel , Naser Aljuhani , Ali Aldabeis , Moneer Alamri , Waleed Maghawry , Naweed Alzaman , Alshaima Alshaikh , Omar M. Alnozha , Emad R Issak , Saud Alsifri","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study seeks to provide insights into the practical application and effects of oral semaglutide in Saudi T2DM patients under routine medical supervision.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The primary outcome measure was the laboratory HbA1c. Secondary measures included fasting blood glucose (FBG), weight, and hypoglycemia. All variables were checked after six months and 12 months of initiation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis of this study included 245 uncontrolled (HbA1c > 7 %) T2DM patients. The mean baseline HbA1c was 10.1 % (1.2). HbA1c was reduced by an average of 3.1 % (0.8) and 3.2 % (0.8) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The frequency of hypoglycemia events in the last three months before semaglutide was initiated was 4.4 (1.1). The frequency of hypoglycemia events in the last three months was 2.2 (0.8) and 0.7 (0.4) at 6-month and 12-month follow-up visits, respectively. The percent reduction in body mass index (BMI) was an average of 13.0 % (1.4) and 19.7 % (3.4) at six months and 12 months, respectively. Lipid profile and blood pressure were improved at six months and 12 months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Oral semaglutide provided substantial glycemic and weight-loss benefits in adult individuals with T2DM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000143/pdfft?md5=94b2da85bd56858ce5bfeb30f75ce245&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000143-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140067375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2024.100207
Pratibha Pereira , Jehath Syed , Sri Harsha Chalasani , Tejeswini C J , Shilpa Avarebeel , Kshama Ramesh
Background
Insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes are common chronic conditions amongst elderly patients, that may lead to increase in abdominal adipose tissue deposits and pancreatic size.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the geriatric OPD in a tertiary care hospital for a period of six months to correlate fasting C-peptide levels, abdominal adipose tissue thickness, and pancreatic size in poorly controlled diabetic elderly patients. Diabetic elderly patients with HBA1c level >7 % were enrolled with their consent. Body mass index (BMI), fasting C-peptide, abdominal adipose tissue thickness and pancreatic size were measured using standard laboratory techniques. The data obtained were assessed categorically and represented as [n (%)]. T-test was used to compare the two groups (p < 0.05).
Results
A total of 101 patients were enrolled. The study results showed no significant correlation between subcutaneous fat and pre-peritoneal fat thickness; and fasting c-peptide levels (p = 0.801, p = 0.316). However, there was a significant correlation between the fasting c-peptide levels and pancreatic size (p = 0.001). It was also observed the study participants had a decreased pancreatic size, with the mean size being 4.837 cm in males, and 4.4418 cm in females.
Conclusion
Intra-peritoneal fat thickness and pancreatic size can be used as surrogate marker for IR along with C-peptide. All elderly with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus behaving like type 1 diabetes mellitus needs further evaluation and pathogenic process must be explored. Sarcopenic obesity evaluation must be a part of uncontrolled type diabetes mellitus management.
背景胰岛素抵抗（IR）和糖尿病是老年患者中常见的慢性疾病，可能导致腹部脂肪组织沉积和胰腺体积增大。方法在一家三甲医院的老年门诊部进行了一项为期六个月的横断面研究，目的是对控制不佳的老年糖尿病患者的空腹 C 肽水平、腹部脂肪组织厚度和胰腺体积进行相关分析。HBA1c水平为7%的老年糖尿病患者在征得本人同意后入选。采用标准实验室技术测量了体重指数（BMI）、空腹 C 肽、腹部脂肪组织厚度和胰腺大小。所得数据按类别进行评估，并以[n (%)]表示。两组患者的比较采用 T 检验（P < 0.05）。研究结果显示，皮下脂肪和腹膜前脂肪厚度与空腹 c 肽水平无明显相关性（p = 0.801，p = 0.316）。不过，空腹 c 肽水平与胰腺大小有明显相关性（p = 0.001）。结论腹膜外脂肪厚度和胰腺大小可与 C 肽一起作为 IR 的替代标记物。所有未得到控制的 2 型糖尿病患者都需要进一步评估，并探索其致病过程。肥胖症评估必须成为未控制型糖尿病管理的一部分。
{"title":"Correlation of fasting C-peptide levels with abdominal adipose tissue thickness and pancreatic size amongst poorly controlled diabetic elderly patients","authors":"Pratibha Pereira , Jehath Syed , Sri Harsha Chalasani , Tejeswini C J , Shilpa Avarebeel , Kshama Ramesh","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes are common chronic conditions amongst elderly patients, that may lead to increase in abdominal adipose tissue deposits and pancreatic size.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the geriatric OPD in a tertiary care hospital for a period of six months to correlate fasting C-peptide levels, abdominal adipose tissue thickness, and pancreatic size in poorly controlled diabetic elderly patients. Diabetic elderly patients with HBA1c level >7 % were enrolled with their consent. Body mass index (BMI), fasting C-peptide, abdominal adipose tissue thickness and pancreatic size were measured using standard laboratory techniques. The data obtained were assessed categorically and represented as [n (%)]. T-test was used to compare the two groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 101 patients were enrolled. The study results showed no significant correlation between subcutaneous fat and pre-peritoneal fat thickness; and fasting c-peptide levels (<em>p</em> = 0.801, <em>p</em> = 0.316). However, there was a significant correlation between the fasting c-peptide levels and pancreatic size (<em>p</em> = 0.001). It was also observed the study participants had a decreased pancreatic size, with the mean size being 4.837 cm in males, and 4.4418 cm in females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Intra-peritoneal fat thickness and pancreatic size can be used as surrogate marker for IR along with C-peptide. All elderly with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus behaving like type 1 diabetes mellitus needs further evaluation and pathogenic process must be explored. Sarcopenic obesity evaluation must be a part of uncontrolled type diabetes mellitus management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266697062400012X/pdfft?md5=3e80eb94b7d81dd9fee42e764da4ea07&pid=1-s2.0-S266697062400012X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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