Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2146564
Kazuki Ryuzono, S. Yashiro, S. Onodera, N. Toyama
Lamb wave propagation must be understood comprehensively for simply evaluating delamination during ultrasonic testing. However, the difference between wave propagation, visualized using laser Doppler vibrometer and pulsed-laser scanners, has not been sufficiently investigated, and knowledge of optimal conditions for evaluating delamination is limited. Thus, in this study, the mode conversion and multiple reflections of Lamb waves propagating in a delaminated cross-ply laminate were visualized using different laser scanners, delamination depths, and wave incident angles. Delamination was characterized using maximum-amplitude map postprocessing under specific conditions. Further numerical analysis revealed that owing to multiple reflections of the antisymmetric mode in incident and mode-converted waves, standing waves were generated in the delaminated sublaminate. Dispersion curve and flexural stiffness calculations confirmed the conditions required for high-amplitude standing waves, thereby providing guidelines for simply and reliably evaluating delamination during inspections.
{"title":"Lamb wave mode conversion and multiple-reflection mechanisms for simply and reliably evaluating delamination in composite laminates","authors":"Kazuki Ryuzono, S. Yashiro, S. Onodera, N. Toyama","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2146564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2146564","url":null,"abstract":"Lamb wave propagation must be understood comprehensively for simply evaluating delamination during ultrasonic testing. However, the difference between wave propagation, visualized using laser Doppler vibrometer and pulsed-laser scanners, has not been sufficiently investigated, and knowledge of optimal conditions for evaluating delamination is limited. Thus, in this study, the mode conversion and multiple reflections of Lamb waves propagating in a delaminated cross-ply laminate were visualized using different laser scanners, delamination depths, and wave incident angles. Delamination was characterized using maximum-amplitude map postprocessing under specific conditions. Further numerical analysis revealed that owing to multiple reflections of the antisymmetric mode in incident and mode-converted waves, standing waves were generated in the delaminated sublaminate. Dispersion curve and flexural stiffness calculations confirmed the conditions required for high-amplitude standing waves, thereby providing guidelines for simply and reliably evaluating delamination during inspections.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"749 - 766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46522388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2150800
Dong-Jin Ha, Taeri Kim, Jeong Hwan Kim, Young-Sik Joo, Gunjin Yun
This paper presents a progressive fatigue damage model to predict the damage progress and the fatigue life of composite laminates under cyclic loading. First, the maximum stress criterion was applied in the fiber direction for fiber failure (FF), and Puck’s failure criteria were employed in the matrix direction in which the fracture plane is defined to determine the inter-fiber fracture (IFF). Next, material degradation rules consisting of strength and stiffness degradation were derived, and different degradation rules according to the presence of failure and failure mode were utilized for each material. The proposed model was implemented into the UMAT subroutine of ABAQUS for the finite element (FE) analysis with tension–tension cyclic loading. Finally, the progressive fatigue damage model was validated with flat-bar specimens with various lay-ups ([0]8, [90]8, [30]16, [02/902]s, [0/902]s, [0/904]s) and compared with the experimental data of static and fatigue tests. The fatigue life prediction was also conducted on the pin-loaded quasi-isotropic (QI) laminates. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the experimental data and the ability to capture the damage progress of composite laminates during their lifetime.
{"title":"Fatigue life prediction of CFRP laminates with stress concentration lamina level failure criteria","authors":"Dong-Jin Ha, Taeri Kim, Jeong Hwan Kim, Young-Sik Joo, Gunjin Yun","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2150800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2150800","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a progressive fatigue damage model to predict the damage progress and the fatigue life of composite laminates under cyclic loading. First, the maximum stress criterion was applied in the fiber direction for fiber failure (FF), and Puck’s failure criteria were employed in the matrix direction in which the fracture plane is defined to determine the inter-fiber fracture (IFF). Next, material degradation rules consisting of strength and stiffness degradation were derived, and different degradation rules according to the presence of failure and failure mode were utilized for each material. The proposed model was implemented into the UMAT subroutine of ABAQUS for the finite element (FE) analysis with tension–tension cyclic loading. Finally, the progressive fatigue damage model was validated with flat-bar specimens with various lay-ups ([0]8, [90]8, [30]16, [02/902]s, [0/902]s, [0/904]s) and compared with the experimental data of static and fatigue tests. The fatigue life prediction was also conducted on the pin-loaded quasi-isotropic (QI) laminates. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the experimental data and the ability to capture the damage progress of composite laminates during their lifetime.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44369649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2150801
Nitai Chandra Adak, Suman Chhetri, N. C. Murmu, P. Samanta, Tapas Kuila, Wonoh Lee
The use of graphene sheets as a reinforcing agent in polymeric nanocomposites is increasing owing to their exceptional mechanical and thermal properties. Herein, graphene oxide (GO) is used as the reinforcing material in natural rubber (NR)/GO elastomeric nanocomposites to enhance the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the composites. NR/GO composites of different compositions were prepared through consecutive melt-mixing and two-roll mixing processes. Mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal stability studies of the prepared composites were carried out in accordance with ASTM standards. The incorporation of only 5 wt.% GO in the NR elastomer led to a 72–76% improvement in the tensile strength of the NR/GO composites. Simultaneously, the viscoelastic properties, namely storage modulus ( ), loss modulus ( ), and glass transition temperature ( ) of the composites improved, and thermal decomposition of the composites decreased because of excellent interaction between the polymeric networks of the elastomers and the GO sheets.
{"title":"Development of graphene oxide hybridized high-performance elastomeric nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and thermomechanical properties","authors":"Nitai Chandra Adak, Suman Chhetri, N. C. Murmu, P. Samanta, Tapas Kuila, Wonoh Lee","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2150801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2150801","url":null,"abstract":"The use of graphene sheets as a reinforcing agent in polymeric nanocomposites is increasing owing to their exceptional mechanical and thermal properties. Herein, graphene oxide (GO) is used as the reinforcing material in natural rubber (NR)/GO elastomeric nanocomposites to enhance the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the composites. NR/GO composites of different compositions were prepared through consecutive melt-mixing and two-roll mixing processes. Mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal stability studies of the prepared composites were carried out in accordance with ASTM standards. The incorporation of only 5 wt.% GO in the NR elastomer led to a 72–76% improvement in the tensile strength of the NR/GO composites. Simultaneously, the viscoelastic properties, namely storage modulus ( ), loss modulus ( ), and glass transition temperature ( ) of the composites improved, and thermal decomposition of the composites decreased because of excellent interaction between the polymeric networks of the elastomers and the GO sheets.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46493213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2147042
M. Voß, A. Szewieczek, W. Hillger, Till Vallée, Friedrich von Dungern
Components made of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) may suffer from various types of damages, such as cracks or delamination. In order to monitor the structures’ material condition, non destructive testing (NDT) methods have emerged – among them, the use of ultrasonic waves. Inter alia, research focused on Lamb waves (LW), which offer promising conditions for NDT processes. However, prior implementation in a specific production environment, practitioners are faced with many open questions such as excitation frequencies to be used or which mode to select for defect identification. Therefore, the study aimed at demonstrating how a finite element analysis (FEA) can assist the experimental design of an LW driven NDT process. For that, a numerical model was developed, capable of computing LW propagations in an exemplary component: Stringer-stiffened C-FRP panels. The study was divided into two parts: In this part, all information regarding the model building is presented and principal functionality demonstrated. In the second part, the FEA is validated and then used to perform parameter studies, highlighting important conditions for practical application. The results of the present paper showed that stiffeners provoke varying interactions with LW modes – effects that increase wave field complexity but do not limit defect identification within or behind the stringer.
{"title":"The contribution of numerical models to Lamb wave driven NDT processes – part I: model building","authors":"M. Voß, A. Szewieczek, W. Hillger, Till Vallée, Friedrich von Dungern","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2147042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2147042","url":null,"abstract":"Components made of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) may suffer from various types of damages, such as cracks or delamination. In order to monitor the structures’ material condition, non destructive testing (NDT) methods have emerged – among them, the use of ultrasonic waves. Inter alia, research focused on Lamb waves (LW), which offer promising conditions for NDT processes. However, prior implementation in a specific production environment, practitioners are faced with many open questions such as excitation frequencies to be used or which mode to select for defect identification. Therefore, the study aimed at demonstrating how a finite element analysis (FEA) can assist the experimental design of an LW driven NDT process. For that, a numerical model was developed, capable of computing LW propagations in an exemplary component: Stringer-stiffened C-FRP panels. The study was divided into two parts: In this part, all information regarding the model building is presented and principal functionality demonstrated. In the second part, the FEA is validated and then used to perform parameter studies, highlighting important conditions for practical application. The results of the present paper showed that stiffeners provoke varying interactions with LW modes – effects that increase wave field complexity but do not limit defect identification within or behind the stringer.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41671375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2144123
Yanmin Wang, Yuansong Xiao, Xuelian Wu, Tingxi Li, Yong Ma
Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polyaniline (PANI) composite and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH)/PANI composites are fabricated via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The crystallinity, chemical structure and morphology of the composites are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. Based on the different morphology, the formation mechanism of the composites is proposed and the influence of the morphology on the electrochemical performance is predicted. The electrochemical properties of the composites are evaluated by galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The MWCNT-COOH/PANI composite electrode shows higher specific capacitance than that of the MWCNT/PANI composite, as can be ascribed to the interpenetrating network structure of the MWCNT-COOH/PANI composite and the co-doping of DBSA and MWCNT-COOH. The MWCNT-COOH/PANI composite with 15% MWCNT-COOH presents the best electrochemical performance owing to the synergistic and comprehensive effect of the components. Using functionalized MWCNT provides an efficient approach to prepare high-performance composite materials for electrical energy storage fields.
{"title":"Carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline composites for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes","authors":"Yanmin Wang, Yuansong Xiao, Xuelian Wu, Tingxi Li, Yong Ma","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2144123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2144123","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polyaniline (PANI) composite and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH)/PANI composites are fabricated via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The crystallinity, chemical structure and morphology of the composites are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. Based on the different morphology, the formation mechanism of the composites is proposed and the influence of the morphology on the electrochemical performance is predicted. The electrochemical properties of the composites are evaluated by galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The MWCNT-COOH/PANI composite electrode shows higher specific capacitance than that of the MWCNT/PANI composite, as can be ascribed to the interpenetrating network structure of the MWCNT-COOH/PANI composite and the co-doping of DBSA and MWCNT-COOH. The MWCNT-COOH/PANI composite with 15% MWCNT-COOH presents the best electrochemical performance owing to the synergistic and comprehensive effect of the components. Using functionalized MWCNT provides an efficient approach to prepare high-performance composite materials for electrical energy storage fields.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"731 - 748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42085163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-06DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2143746
D. Voswinkel, J. Striewe, O. Grydin, D. Meinderink, G. Grundmeier, Mirko Schaper, T. Tröster
Materially bonded hybrid systems with precisely adjusted interfacial properties are of great scientific and industrial interest with regard to lightweight construction. In the present study, a material composite of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) and galvanized steel is considered, where the metallic surface is laser structured in order to improve the adhesion properties. The resulting joining properties will be elicited by tensile shear tests in comparison to an alkaline cleaned surface condition and blind riveting. The potential of direct-joined hybrid systems with laser-structured substrate surfaces will also be considered using an automotive roof frame as an example. In the tensile shear test, the direct-joined hybrid joint with laser-structured metal substrate achieves significantly higher joint strengths than after alkaline cleaning. Compared to an aluminum/steel reference structure, the CFRP/steel roof frame exhibits a significant weight advantage with superior mechanical properties under flexural and compressive loading.
{"title":"Co-bonding of carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy and galvanised steel with laser structured interface for automotive applications","authors":"D. Voswinkel, J. Striewe, O. Grydin, D. Meinderink, G. Grundmeier, Mirko Schaper, T. Tröster","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2143746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2143746","url":null,"abstract":"Materially bonded hybrid systems with precisely adjusted interfacial properties are of great scientific and industrial interest with regard to lightweight construction. In the present study, a material composite of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) and galvanized steel is considered, where the metallic surface is laser structured in order to improve the adhesion properties. The resulting joining properties will be elicited by tensile shear tests in comparison to an alkaline cleaned surface condition and blind riveting. The potential of direct-joined hybrid systems with laser-structured substrate surfaces will also be considered using an automotive roof frame as an example. In the tensile shear test, the direct-joined hybrid joint with laser-structured metal substrate achieves significantly higher joint strengths than after alkaline cleaning. Compared to an aluminum/steel reference structure, the CFRP/steel roof frame exhibits a significant weight advantage with superior mechanical properties under flexural and compressive loading.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"715 - 730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43281822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-05DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2141294
M. Ishikawa, Takuto Miura, H. Nishino, T. Kato, Tetsuya Otsuki
Active thermography nondestructive inspection using cyclic heating and phase images obtained via the Fourier transform is performed for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) specimens, and the defect detection capability of this method is compared with that of the conventional thermography method using flash heating. The experimental results indicate that the defect detection capability is significantly improved when the frequency of the phase image is equal to the cyclic heating frequency. Compared with the flash heating method, a higher signal-to-noise ratio is observed in the phase images obtained via the cyclic heating method, although the temperature increase of the inspection object during heating is lower than that observed during flash heating. These results suggest that the proposed inspection method is effective for CFRPs and other resin-based materials.
{"title":"Active thermography inspection of CFRP using cyclic heating and Fourier transform—comparison with flash heating method","authors":"M. Ishikawa, Takuto Miura, H. Nishino, T. Kato, Tetsuya Otsuki","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2141294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2141294","url":null,"abstract":"Active thermography nondestructive inspection using cyclic heating and phase images obtained via the Fourier transform is performed for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) specimens, and the defect detection capability of this method is compared with that of the conventional thermography method using flash heating. The experimental results indicate that the defect detection capability is significantly improved when the frequency of the phase image is equal to the cyclic heating frequency. Compared with the flash heating method, a higher signal-to-noise ratio is observed in the phase images obtained via the cyclic heating method, although the temperature increase of the inspection object during heating is lower than that observed during flash heating. These results suggest that the proposed inspection method is effective for CFRPs and other resin-based materials.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"702 - 714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43429555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-05DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2140621
M. Terada, Ryota Yamabe, M. Ichiki, A. Yamanaka
The carbon fiber orientation distribution (FOD) of carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 was estimated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXRD) images of the composites. In the diffraction image of the aligned carbon fibers, the straight line connecting the pair of diffraction spots caused by the graphite crystal is orthogonal to the fiber axis. This property was employed to investigate the FOD. In this study, we attempt to express WAXRD images, that is, the intensity distribution ( ) by the linear combination of the radial basis functions arranged in the diffraction angle ( ) and azimuth angle ( ). Consequently, FOD corresponds to the weight vector derived through serial waveform separation. Based on this concept, we attempted to identify the laminated composition of the composites, such as unidirectional, cross-ply, and quasi-isotropic composites. The analysis results were in good agreement with the ideal laminated composition.
{"title":"Estimation of fiber orientation distribution in carbon-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 using X-ray diffraction images","authors":"M. Terada, Ryota Yamabe, M. Ichiki, A. Yamanaka","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2140621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2140621","url":null,"abstract":"The carbon fiber orientation distribution (FOD) of carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 was estimated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXRD) images of the composites. In the diffraction image of the aligned carbon fibers, the straight line connecting the pair of diffraction spots caused by the graphite crystal is orthogonal to the fiber axis. This property was employed to investigate the FOD. In this study, we attempt to express WAXRD images, that is, the intensity distribution ( ) by the linear combination of the radial basis functions arranged in the diffraction angle ( ) and azimuth angle ( ). Consequently, FOD corresponds to the weight vector derived through serial waveform separation. Based on this concept, we attempted to identify the laminated composition of the composites, such as unidirectional, cross-ply, and quasi-isotropic composites. The analysis results were in good agreement with the ideal laminated composition.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"686 - 701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46513303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2128264
Srilakshmi Prabhu, S. G. Bubbly, S. B. Gudennavar
In this study, bismuth (III) oxide (Bi2O3) decorated graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were employed as novel radioprotective fillers in the epoxy matrix. Decoration of GO with Bi2O3 would transform it as carrier for Bi2O3 particles, thereby enhancing the thermo-mechanical and radiation shielding properties of the epoxy composites through effective filler distribution. Structural and compositional studies confirmed the successful decoration of Bi2O3 on the surface of GO. Thereupon, epoxy composites containing decorated fillers at different loadings (5, 10 and 15 wt%) were synthesized using solution casting technique. The correlation between surface decoration and filler loading was systematically examined as function of thermo-mechanical, viscoelastic and radiation shielding properties of the composites. These nanocomposites displayed good thermal resistance (~ 450 °C), high glass transition temperature (~ 136 °C), elastic modulus (~ 4.36 GPa) and storage modulus, thereby confirming the improved dispersion and better interfacial adhesion in the composites. The formation of continuous filler network across epoxy matrix formed by decorated fillers significantly improved X-ray and γ-ray shielding properties of epoxy composites in the wide energy range of medical interest (30 – 1332 keV). Shielding efficiency of these lowly loaded BGO/epoxy composites were comparable with the composites containing Bi2O3 nanoparticles alone and highly loaded microcomposites.
{"title":"Bismuth (III) oxide decorated graphene oxide filled epoxy nanocomposites: thermo-mechanical and photon attenuation properties","authors":"Srilakshmi Prabhu, S. G. Bubbly, S. B. Gudennavar","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2128264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2128264","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, bismuth (III) oxide (Bi2O3) decorated graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were employed as novel radioprotective fillers in the epoxy matrix. Decoration of GO with Bi2O3 would transform it as carrier for Bi2O3 particles, thereby enhancing the thermo-mechanical and radiation shielding properties of the epoxy composites through effective filler distribution. Structural and compositional studies confirmed the successful decoration of Bi2O3 on the surface of GO. Thereupon, epoxy composites containing decorated fillers at different loadings (5, 10 and 15 wt%) were synthesized using solution casting technique. The correlation between surface decoration and filler loading was systematically examined as function of thermo-mechanical, viscoelastic and radiation shielding properties of the composites. These nanocomposites displayed good thermal resistance (~ 450 °C), high glass transition temperature (~ 136 °C), elastic modulus (~ 4.36 GPa) and storage modulus, thereby confirming the improved dispersion and better interfacial adhesion in the composites. The formation of continuous filler network across epoxy matrix formed by decorated fillers significantly improved X-ray and γ-ray shielding properties of epoxy composites in the wide energy range of medical interest (30 – 1332 keV). Shielding efficiency of these lowly loaded BGO/epoxy composites were comparable with the composites containing Bi2O3 nanoparticles alone and highly loaded microcomposites.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"602 - 628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59703172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2022.2128267
J. Jeong, Dae-sung Lee, Hyunwoo Ju, J. Kweon, Youn-Hyoung Nam
This study analyzed the effects of hygrothermal conditions on the single-lap shear strength of a carbon fiber/poly-ether-ketone-ketone (CF/PEKK) thermoplastic composite material fabricated by induction welding. Specimens were exposed to an 85 °C/85% environment using a temperature and humidity chamber to identify the effect of moisture on single-lap shear strength, while their moisture saturation was assessed through weight measurement. Single-lap shear strength tests were performed on the dried and saturated specimens at 25 °C and 100 °C to 180 °C at 20 °C intervals. At 160 °C, the strength of the CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites rapidly declined to 76% (dried specimens) and 78% (moist specimens). The fracture surfaces and failure modes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy images, which confirmed an increase in the degraded areas and naked fibers at higher testing temperatures. In addition, it was found that exposure to a moist environment changes the failure mode from fiber bundles and fiber/matrix failure to naked fiber and matrix failure owing to the reduction in interfacial adhesion properties. The findings confirmed that hygrothermal conditions directly affect the degradation of the CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites and that a rapid reduction in the single-lap shear strength occurs above Tg.
{"title":"Effect of hygrothermal condition on single-lab shear behavior of induction-welded CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites","authors":"J. Jeong, Dae-sung Lee, Hyunwoo Ju, J. Kweon, Youn-Hyoung Nam","doi":"10.1080/09243046.2022.2128267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2022.2128267","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the effects of hygrothermal conditions on the single-lap shear strength of a carbon fiber/poly-ether-ketone-ketone (CF/PEKK) thermoplastic composite material fabricated by induction welding. Specimens were exposed to an 85 °C/85% environment using a temperature and humidity chamber to identify the effect of moisture on single-lap shear strength, while their moisture saturation was assessed through weight measurement. Single-lap shear strength tests were performed on the dried and saturated specimens at 25 °C and 100 °C to 180 °C at 20 °C intervals. At 160 °C, the strength of the CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites rapidly declined to 76% (dried specimens) and 78% (moist specimens). The fracture surfaces and failure modes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy images, which confirmed an increase in the degraded areas and naked fibers at higher testing temperatures. In addition, it was found that exposure to a moist environment changes the failure mode from fiber bundles and fiber/matrix failure to naked fiber and matrix failure owing to the reduction in interfacial adhesion properties. The findings confirmed that hygrothermal conditions directly affect the degradation of the CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites and that a rapid reduction in the single-lap shear strength occurs above Tg.","PeriodicalId":7291,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composite Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":"657 - 673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47287256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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