This article explores the meaning of person-centred care using an approach based on the ordinary language philosophy of J.L. Austin and others of the mid-twentieth Century ‘Oxford School’. Section I outlines the essential feature of ordinary language philosophy as a shift of attention from definition to use: ordinary language philosophy explores the meanings of terms (and their inherent conceptual challenges) not by the traditional philosophical approach of ever-more-careful definition but by exploring how the terms in question are actually used in everyday (i.e. unreflective) contexts. Section II explores the conceptual challenges presented by person-centred care by applying three particular components of ordinary language philosophy (philosophical field work, outputs as more complete views, and methodological teamwork) to two exemplar papers. Section III describes how the groundwork provided by ordinary language philosophy of the kind exemplified by Section II has been built on successfully in one particular form of person-centred care, namely the person- values -centred care of values-based practice. The chapter concludes with some of the limitations and challenges presented by an ordinary language philosophy of person-centred care. Of particular concern in the light of Isaiah Berlin’s work on the ‘challenge of pluralism’ is the inherent and irreducible pluralism of person-centred care.
{"title":"Groundwork for a metaphysic of person-centred care: a contribution from Ordinary Language Philosophy","authors":"B. Fulford","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1820","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the meaning of person-centred care using an approach based on the ordinary language philosophy of J.L. Austin and others of the mid-twentieth Century ‘Oxford School’. Section I outlines the essential feature of ordinary language philosophy as a shift of attention from definition to use: ordinary language philosophy explores the meanings of terms (and their inherent conceptual challenges) not by the traditional philosophical approach of ever-more-careful definition but by exploring how the terms in question are actually used in everyday (i.e. unreflective) contexts. Section II explores the conceptual challenges presented by person-centred care by applying three particular components of ordinary language philosophy (philosophical field work, outputs as more complete views, and methodological teamwork) to two exemplar papers. Section III describes how the groundwork provided by ordinary language philosophy of the kind exemplified by Section II has been built on successfully in one particular form of person-centred care, namely the person- values -centred care of values-based practice. The chapter concludes with some of the limitations and challenges presented by an ordinary language philosophy of person-centred care. Of particular concern in the light of Isaiah Berlin’s work on the ‘challenge of pluralism’ is the inherent and irreducible pluralism of person-centred care.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"13 1","pages":"58-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75130937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is puzzling to observe that at a time when medicine has allegedly made huge progress in combating disease and increasing human wellbeing a counter-movement has arisen: “Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)”. Sometimes also called “Integrative Medicine” it is quite popular not only in pockets of Society, but across a large part of populations in Western countries. Media campaigns have been started to curb its success. CAM has to be seen against the mainstream background in medicine which has adopted the machine-paradigm proposed by Descartes. While this has been successful within acute medicine, it is less successful in dealing with chronic, functional or lifestyle diseases. By default, the machine paradigm ignores individuality, agency, the psyche, and has placed a taboo on spirituality. This happens, because the mainstream model of modern medicine buys into the materialism that is inherent in the machine paradigm and currently prevalent naturalism. In this sense, CAM can be seen as a counter-movement, mainly driven by public demand, but also by some renegade scientists. It offers the chance to articulate alternative views of the human organism, of human suffering and disease. It allows the discussion of spirituality and other topics that are shunned by mainstream medicine. Complexity science might be a bridge, which has started to understand that that human organism is vastly more complex than the simplistic machine model would have it. We will likely need a new paradigm that can integrate all those elements neglected in the current mainstream model, most notable spirituality and the notion of agency and freedom.
{"title":"The Rise of Complementary Medicine and the Materialist Stance of Biomedicine","authors":"H. Walach","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1827","url":null,"abstract":"It is puzzling to observe that at a time when medicine has allegedly made huge progress in combating disease and increasing human wellbeing a counter-movement has arisen: “Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)”. Sometimes also called “Integrative Medicine” it is quite popular not only in pockets of Society, but across a large part of populations in Western countries. Media campaigns have been started to curb its success. CAM has to be seen against the mainstream background in medicine which has adopted the machine-paradigm proposed by Descartes. While this has been successful within acute medicine, it is less successful in dealing with chronic, functional or lifestyle diseases. By default, the machine paradigm ignores individuality, agency, the psyche, and has placed a taboo on spirituality. This happens, because the mainstream model of modern medicine buys into the materialism that is inherent in the machine paradigm and currently prevalent naturalism. In this sense, CAM can be seen as a counter-movement, mainly driven by public demand, but also by some renegade scientists. It offers the chance to articulate alternative views of the human organism, of human suffering and disease. It allows the discussion of spirituality and other topics that are shunned by mainstream medicine. Complexity science might be a bridge, which has started to understand that that human organism is vastly more complex than the simplistic machine model would have it. We will likely need a new paradigm that can integrate all those elements neglected in the current mainstream model, most notable spirituality and the notion of agency and freedom.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"143 1","pages":"119-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89911060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Person Centred Healthcare (PCH) arose in the context of gerontology but has now broadened its impact to the wider healthcare domain. While there is much to celebrate in this, there are some serious conceptual flaws in the framework which have only ramified as it continues to grow. Central to these flaws is a dichotomous view of the distinction between persons as the subjects of PCH and the biological organism which is the concern of the traditional bio-medical model. Most worryingly this has led some PCH advocates to flirt with unscientific and potentially dangerous Complementary and Alternative therapies. This article examines this dichotomy and suggests, following Tim Ingold, that ‘the person is the organism’ but that to properly understand this we need a more nuanced view of both persons and organisms which a developmentalist perspective makes possible.
{"title":"The Person Is The Organism: Overcoming The Nature-Culture Dichotomy In Person Centred Healthcare","authors":"R. Hamilton","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1824","url":null,"abstract":"Person Centred Healthcare (PCH) arose in the context of gerontology but has now broadened its impact to the wider healthcare domain. While there is much to celebrate in this, there are some serious conceptual flaws in the framework which have only ramified as it continues to grow. Central to these flaws is a dichotomous view of the distinction between persons as the subjects of PCH and the biological organism which is the concern of the traditional bio-medical model. Most worryingly this has led some PCH advocates to flirt with unscientific and potentially dangerous Complementary and Alternative therapies. This article examines this dichotomy and suggests, following Tim Ingold, that ‘the person is the organism’ but that to properly understand this we need a more nuanced view of both persons and organisms which a developmentalist perspective makes possible.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"29 1","pages":"94-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79046084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Professor of Person Centred Care & Co-Director, European Institute for Person Centred Health and Social Care, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London UK / Senior Vice President/Secretary General, European Society for Person Centered Healthcare & Editor-in-Chief, European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare & Founding Editor, Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice (1994-2019) / Honorary Professor of Person Centred Care, Centre for Public Engagement, Joint Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, St. George’s University Teaching Hospital Campus, University of London, UK
{"title":"Person-Centered Care as the New Professionalism - Raising the Bar from the Lower Denominator of Legally Acceptable Regulatory Competence to the Higher Numerator of Clinical Excellence","authors":"A. Miles","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1880","url":null,"abstract":"Professor of Person Centred Care & Co-Director, European Institute for Person Centred Health and Social Care, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London UK / Senior Vice President/Secretary General, European Society for Person Centered Healthcare & Editor-in-Chief, European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare & Founding Editor, Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice (1994-2019) / Honorary Professor of Person Centred Care, Centre for Public Engagement, Joint Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, St. George’s University Teaching Hospital Campus, University of London, UK","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"94 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79774446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores the counterfactual aspects of Person-Centred Healthcare (PCH). PCH as promoted appears to have self-evident value as an expression of humanism in medical care, but this can be deceptive. Despite its rhetorical appeal, there is limited evidence that it improves either the experience or outcomes of healthcare. More problematically, it is commonly overlooked that the philosophical assumptions upon which PCH rests carry with them other, more malign ideologies and healthcare movements such as preference-driven healthcare, extreme libertarianism and consumerism. This – as distinct from promoting humanism - has the effect of creating perverse clinical incentives that are driven by patient preferences, while simultaneously constraining these same patients’ autonomy within an economically rationalised neoliberal system of healthcare. It also works against consideration of social interests and the values privileged by communities. None of this is an argument against promoting humanism in medicine and taking seriously patients’ lived experiences; rather it is a call for a more critical approach to the bioethics of PCH - one aware of the economics and politics of healthcare.
{"title":"An Ethical Critique of Person-Centred Healthcare","authors":"M. Arnold, I. Kerridge, W. Lipworth","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1818","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the counterfactual aspects of Person-Centred Healthcare (PCH). PCH as promoted appears to have self-evident value as an expression of humanism in medical care, but this can be deceptive. Despite its rhetorical appeal, there is limited evidence that it improves either the experience or outcomes of healthcare. More problematically, it is commonly overlooked that the philosophical assumptions upon which PCH rests carry with them other, more malign ideologies and healthcare movements such as preference-driven healthcare, extreme libertarianism and consumerism. This – as distinct from promoting humanism - has the effect of creating perverse clinical incentives that are driven by patient preferences, while simultaneously constraining these same patients’ autonomy within an economically rationalised neoliberal system of healthcare. It also works against consideration of social interests and the values privileged by communities. None of this is an argument against promoting humanism in medicine and taking seriously patients’ lived experiences; rather it is a call for a more critical approach to the bioethics of PCH - one aware of the economics and politics of healthcare.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"38 1","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87733410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article person-centredness is understood as a method, and ontology is presented as one of its building tools. Ontology is at work in clinicians and patients in the form of underlying conceptions about the mode of existence of realities pertinent to healthcare, such as: disease, health, body, or person. These unrecognized assumptions affect the communication of diagnosis, the design of treatment, the therapeutic relation, patient self-care, or patient positioning towards treatment. The ontology “instinctively” at work in both clinicians and patients is identified, discussed, and shown to have ancient roots (referred to as the “Platonic split”), to conflict with what can count as person-centred care today, and be unlikely to work well in long-term treatment. The clinical complications it generates are illustrated with possible cases of “substantialization” of disease; differences between this metaphysical concept, denoting a specific form of understanding and living with disease and various psychological terms ( viz ., externalization, somatisation, denial) are explained. The article, then, introduces an alternative ontology, called “transgressive” and considered more likely to facilitate health-with-disease in the long-term. It clarifies what distinguishes it from other approaches in the health-within-illness literature, and analyses two real-life cases of two very different chronic conditions that illustrate the “transgressive ontology” and its health-producing effects. Adopting this health-generating ontology is yet one other way to provide what I call “metaphysical care” or self-care.
{"title":"What is this thing called “health”? An ontology for person-centred care","authors":"Alexandra Pârvan","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V8I1.1825","url":null,"abstract":"In this article person-centredness is understood as a method, and ontology is presented as one of its building tools. Ontology is at work in clinicians and patients in the form of underlying conceptions about the mode of existence of realities pertinent to healthcare, such as: disease, health, body, or person. These unrecognized assumptions affect the communication of diagnosis, the design of treatment, the therapeutic relation, patient self-care, or patient positioning towards treatment. The ontology “instinctively” at work in both clinicians and patients is identified, discussed, and shown to have ancient roots (referred to as the “Platonic split”), to conflict with what can count as person-centred care today, and be unlikely to work well in long-term treatment. The clinical complications it generates are illustrated with possible cases of “substantialization” of disease; differences between this metaphysical concept, denoting a specific form of understanding and living with disease and various psychological terms ( viz ., externalization, somatisation, denial) are explained. The article, then, introduces an alternative ontology, called “transgressive” and considered more likely to facilitate health-with-disease in the long-term. It clarifies what distinguishes it from other approaches in the health-within-illness literature, and analyses two real-life cases of two very different chronic conditions that illustrate the “transgressive ontology” and its health-producing effects. Adopting this health-generating ontology is yet one other way to provide what I call “metaphysical care” or self-care.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"438 1","pages":"103-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83678738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Howick, E. Lyness, C. Albury, K. Smith, H. Dambha‐Miller, Mohana Ratnapalan, J. Vennik, Stephanie Hughes, J. Bostock, L. Morrison, C. Mallen, H. Everitt, Sue Dean, T. Levett-Jones, S. Ivynian, P. Little, F. Bishop
Background: Patients desire both honesty and hope from their healthcare practitioners. A recent systematic review of 22 randomised trials found that healthcare practitioners who deliver positive messages improve patient outcomes, most notably by reducing pain. However, the verbal and non-verbal components of positive messages within these trials varied greatly, which presents a barrier to the implementation of person-centered care. Objective: This study investigates common components of positive messages within the reviewed trials. Methods: We extracted the verbal and non-verbal language used to deliver positive messages in 22 trials from a recent systematic review. Three independent researchers coded the components of the messages using content analysis. Results: Positive messages in our sample had between 2 and 18 different components. These were clustered into 5 areas: specifying the positive outcomes, making the message personal, drawing on associations and meanings, providing a supportive psychological context and providing a rationale. Messages were reinforced through repetition in half the studies. Within the clusters, the most common components of positive messages were suggestions of specific effects (18 studies) and personalised formulations (15 studies). Most studies did not describe the components of positive messages adequately. Conclusions: Positive messages within randomized trials are complex interventions, with most including strong suggestions about specific effects, presented confidently and made personally relevant to the individual patient. Future trials of positive messages should report all components of these interventions.
{"title":"Anatomy of positive messages in healthcare consultations: component analysis of messages within 22 randomised trials","authors":"J. Howick, E. Lyness, C. Albury, K. Smith, H. Dambha‐Miller, Mohana Ratnapalan, J. Vennik, Stephanie Hughes, J. Bostock, L. Morrison, C. Mallen, H. Everitt, Sue Dean, T. Levett-Jones, S. Ivynian, P. Little, F. Bishop","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1788","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients desire both honesty and hope from their healthcare practitioners. A recent systematic review of 22 randomised trials found that healthcare practitioners who deliver positive messages improve patient outcomes, most notably by reducing pain. However, the verbal and non-verbal components of positive messages within these trials varied greatly, which presents a barrier to the implementation of person-centered care. Objective: This study investigates common components of positive messages within the reviewed trials. Methods: We extracted the verbal and non-verbal language used to deliver positive messages in 22 trials from a recent systematic review. Three independent researchers coded the components of the messages using content analysis. Results: Positive messages in our sample had between 2 and 18 different components. These were clustered into 5 areas: specifying the positive outcomes, making the message personal, drawing on associations and meanings, providing a supportive psychological context and providing a rationale. Messages were reinforced through repetition in half the studies. Within the clusters, the most common components of positive messages were suggestions of specific effects (18 studies) and personalised formulations (15 studies). Most studies did not describe the components of positive messages adequately. Conclusions: Positive messages within randomized trials are complex interventions, with most including strong suggestions about specific effects, presented confidently and made personally relevant to the individual patient. Future trials of positive messages should report all components of these interventions.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"10 1","pages":"656-664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80798749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The medical consultation – systemic-solution-oriented and person-centred","authors":"B. Kissling, P. Ryser","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1784","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"22 1","pages":"541-546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90041447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lower adherence and lower retention to HIV-care among migrant populations is an emerging problem among people with HIV, probably due to social and cultural disparities. The aim was to explore reasons for missed appointments and non-adherence to treatment among African HIV-infected migrants in Denmark to identify important areas for optimizing healthcare. Method: We conducted a qualitative study and semi-structured interviews were carried out with 13 HIV-infected African migrants who had missed appointments in the outpatient clinic. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The major finding was that participants experienced that the HIV diagnosis was accompanied by a complex life situation and patients faced several challenges constituting barriers to non-adherence and retention to care. Five themes emerged: (1) Trauma, (2) Religion, (3) HIV-related stigma, (4) Loneliness/lack of support and (5) Competing problems. The lack of acceptance of HIV was a key aspect across all themes. Complexity and social context of patients’ lives added to the challenges, as well as the hospital setting not providing a health literacy responsive environment. Conclusion: There are several barriers at both individual, social and system level to adherence to treatment and care, thus it is important to address the specific cultural background and specific conditions of life of patients infected with HIV. Future development of migrant-friendly interventions should be more person-centered and socially and culturally targeted to increase attendance, adherence and health literacy.
{"title":"HIV – “an uninvited visitor\"; a qualitative study of HIV-infected African migrants with missed appointments in an outpatient clinic in Denmark","authors":"C. Dyrehave, C. Wejse, H. Maindal, L. Rodkjaer","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1782","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lower adherence and lower retention to HIV-care among migrant populations is an emerging problem among people with HIV, probably due to social and cultural disparities. The aim was to explore reasons for missed appointments and non-adherence to treatment among African HIV-infected migrants in Denmark to identify important areas for optimizing healthcare. Method: We conducted a qualitative study and semi-structured interviews were carried out with 13 HIV-infected African migrants who had missed appointments in the outpatient clinic. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The major finding was that participants experienced that the HIV diagnosis was accompanied by a complex life situation and patients faced several challenges constituting barriers to non-adherence and retention to care. Five themes emerged: (1) Trauma, (2) Religion, (3) HIV-related stigma, (4) Loneliness/lack of support and (5) Competing problems. The lack of acceptance of HIV was a key aspect across all themes. Complexity and social context of patients’ lives added to the challenges, as well as the hospital setting not providing a health literacy responsive environment. Conclusion: There are several barriers at both individual, social and system level to adherence to treatment and care, thus it is important to address the specific cultural background and specific conditions of life of patients infected with HIV. Future development of migrant-friendly interventions should be more person-centered and socially and culturally targeted to increase attendance, adherence and health literacy.","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"15 1","pages":"623-629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81541506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PROF DOC in Person Centred Care UWL","authors":"A. Williamson","doi":"10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/EJPCH.V7I4.1798","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72966,"journal":{"name":"European journal for person centered healthcare","volume":"118 1","pages":"677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87664487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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