European journal of biomedical research最新文献_第2页

The Administration of Cordyceps Militaris Inhibited the Decrease of Leydig Cell Number and Testosterone Level in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Exposed with Cigarette Smoke 蛹虫草对暴露于香烟烟雾的雄性褐家鼠间质细胞数量和睾酮水平的影响

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.2.51

A. Salim, W. Pangkahila, N. Sriwidyani

Large amounts of free radicals generate oxidative stress resulting in cell damage. Cigarettes are a source of exogenous free radicals containing various toxic substances. Cigarettes exposure decreased Leydig cells and testosterone. Cordyceps militaris has strong antioxidant effect that can counteract the effects of free radicals. This research was aimed to evaluate the administration of Cordyceps militaris in inhibiting the decrease in Leydig cell count and testosterone levels in male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. This study was a true experimental study with a post-test only control group design, using 30 male wistar rats which were randomly divided into three groups: control (P0) given aquadest, treated with Cordyceps militaris extract 50 mg/kgBW rats (P1), and 200 mg/kgBW rats (P2). All groups were exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 days. Examination of testosterone and the amount of testicular Leydig cells were examined on the 31st day. The results showed that the mean amount of Leydig cells at P0 was 16.10±3.14/HPF, P1 was 18.87±1.76/HPF, and P2 was 30.34±0.72/HPF (p<0.001). The mean values of P0 testosterone were 4.02±0.11 nmol/ml, P1 was 4.31±0.11 nmol/ml, and P2 was 9.43±0.17 nmol/ml (p<0.001). In conclusion, administration of Cordyceps militaris inhibited the decrease in Leydig cell count and testosterone levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke.

大量的自由基产生氧化应激，导致细胞损伤。香烟是含有多种有毒物质的外源性自由基的来源。吸烟减少了间质细胞和睾丸激素。蛹虫草具有很强的抗氧化作用，可以抵消自由基的影响。本研究旨在探讨蛹虫草对暴露于香烟烟雾中的雄性褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)间质细胞计数和睾酮水平下降的抑制作用。本研究为真正意义上的实验研究，采用试验后仅设对照组设计，选取30只雄性wistar大鼠，随机分为3组:对照组(P0)给予水清素，蛹虫草提取物50 mg/kgBW大鼠(P1)和200 mg/kgBW大鼠(P2)。所有组暴露在香烟烟雾中30天。第31天检测睾丸激素水平和睾丸间质细胞数量。结果表明，P0组间质细胞平均数量为16.10±3.14个/HPF, P1组为18.87±1.76个/HPF, P2组为30.34±0.72个/HPF (p<0.001)。P0睾酮均值为4.02±0.11 nmol/ml, P1为4.31±0.11 nmol/ml, P2为9.43±0.17 nmol/ml (p<0.001)。综上所述，给药蛹虫草可抑制香烟烟雾对雄性褐家鼠间质细胞计数和睾酮水平的降低。

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引用次数: 0

Oxidative Stress Marker Malondialdehyde and Glutathione Antioxidant in Hypertensive Patients 高血压患者氧化应激标志物丙二醛和谷胱甘肽抗氧化剂

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.1.47

Ayat A. Hassan, S. Sayyah

The study included measuring the average concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione for hypertensive patients in Iraq, specifically Basra Governorate, where the study group reached 50 patients (26males and 24 females), and the patients were divided according to age, gender, family history, period of illness, medication, and diet in comparison. With 40 healthy cases (19males and 21 females) as a control group. The results of the study showed a significant increase in lipid peroxide measured by (MDA) in the serum of hypertensive patients at a significant level (P<0.0001) compared with the control group. Also, its level increased significantly at (P<0.0001) with advancing age and according to the sex factor among the study group. And its level increased significantly at the level of significance (P<0.05) with the length of the disease period. The results also did not show significant differences for patients who have a family history, patients who are being treated with antihypertensive drugs, and patients who adhere to a healthy diet. The results also showed a significant decrease in the average concentration of (GSH) as an antioxidant at a level (P<0.0001) in the blood of hypertensive patients compared to the control group. This decline increases with age and in both sexes, males, and females. While the results did not show significant differences in the level of (GSH) in patients who have a family history, length of illness, medication, and adherence to a healthy diet. Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between the level of (GSH) and the level of (MDA) in the study group .We conclude through the results of the study that the presence of a defect in patients in the rate of concentration of (GSH) indicates an increase in free radicals, and that an increase in the level of (MDA) indicates an increase in the active types of (ROS), and this increase accompanies a decrease in antioxidants such as (GSH).

该研究包括测量伊拉克，特别是巴士拉省高血压患者丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽的平均浓度，研究组达到50名患者(26名男性和24名女性)，并根据患者的年龄，性别，家族史，病程，药物和饮食进行比较。以40例健康患者(男19例，女21例)为对照组。研究结果显示，与对照组相比，高血压患者血清中过氧化脂质(MDA)含量显著升高，且升高水平显著(P<0.0001)。在研究组中，其水平随着年龄的增长和性别因素的不同而显著升高(P<0.0001)。随着病程的延长，其水平显著升高(P<0.05)。研究结果也没有显示出有家族病史的患者、正在接受降压药治疗的患者和坚持健康饮食的患者之间的显著差异。结果还显示，与对照组相比，高血压患者血液中抗氧化剂(GSH)的平均浓度显著降低(P<0.0001)。这种下降随着年龄的增长而增加，男女都是如此。然而，研究结果并没有显示有家族史、患病时间、药物治疗和坚持健康饮食的患者的GSH水平有显著差异。此外，研究组中(GSH)水平与(MDA)水平呈负相关。我们通过研究结果得出结论，患者(GSH)浓度率存在缺陷表明自由基增加，(MDA)水平的增加表明活性氧类型(ROS)增加，这种增加伴随着(GSH)等抗氧化剂的减少。

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引用次数: 1

Biogenetic Markers for Predicting Response to Immunotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis 预测类风湿关节炎免疫治疗反应的生物遗传学标志物

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.1.44

Sara H. Jabbar, K. Mohammed, N. Ali

Background: TNF-α plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of RA. Gene polymorphisms occurring in this pro-inflammatory cytokine or their receptors may influence responses to biological therapy. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of -238G/A(rs361525), -308G/A(rs1800629), -376G/A(rs1800750), +489G/A(rs80267059) SNPs in TNF-α and +587T/G(rs1061622), +884A/G(rs5746032) SNPs in TNFRII genes on responsiveness to TNF inhibitors as well as their effect on serum levels of TNF-α and TNFRII. Subjects and methods: Sixty patients with RA treated with anti-TNF therapy (30 responders and 30 non-responders) were allocated to this study. SNPs in the TNF-α and TNFRII genes were studied by three different techniques: PCR-sequencing, PCR-RFLP, and q-PCR-TaqMan assay. TNF-α and TNFRII serum levels were determined using the ELISA technique. Results: TNF-α -308 (GA), +489 (GA), and TNFRII +587 (TG) genotypes were found to be more associated with non-responsiveness to TNF than homozygous genotypes (OR: 1.3, 2.5, and 2.0, respectively). On other hand, TNF-α -238 and -376 (GA) genotypes, were found to be more associated with TNFi responsiveness than homozygous genotypes (OR: 0.172 and 0.22, respectively). However, none of them reached a significant level. Furthermore, the studied SNPs were found to be unrelated to serum levels of TNF-α and TNFRII. Conclusion: According to our findings, the TNF-α -238G/A, -308G/A, -376G/A, +489G/A, and TNFRII +587T/G, +884A/G SNPs were not significantly associated with the responsiveness of RA patients to biological therapy and had no effect on the serum levels of TNF-α and TNFR.

背景:TNF-α在RA的发病过程中起关键作用。在这种促炎细胞因子或其受体中发生的基因多态性可能影响对生物治疗的反应。目的:本研究旨在评估TNF-α基因中-238G/A(rs361525)、-308G/A(rs1800629)、-376G/A(rs1800750)、+489G/A(rs80267059) snp和TNFRII基因中+587T/G(rs1061622)、+884A/G(rss5746032) snp对TNF抑制剂反应性的影响及其对血清TNF-α和TNFRII水平的影响。对象和方法:60例接受抗tnf治疗的RA患者(30例有反应者和30例无反应者)被分配到本研究中。通过pcr -测序、PCR-RFLP和q-PCR-TaqMan三种不同的技术研究TNF-α和TNFRII基因的snp。采用ELISA技术检测血清TNF-α和TNFRII水平。结果:TNF-α -308 (GA)、+489 (GA)和TNFRII +587 (TG)基因型与TNF无应答性的相关性高于纯合子基因型(OR分别为1.3、2.5和2.0)。另一方面，TNF-α -238和-376 (GA)基因型与TNF- fi反应性的相关性高于纯合子基因型(OR分别为0.172和0.22)。然而，它们都没有达到显著水平。此外，研究发现snp与血清TNF-α和TNFRII水平无关。结论:根据我们的研究结果，TNF-α -238G/A、-308G/A、-376G/A、+489G/A和TNFRII +587T/G、+884A/G snp与RA患者对生物治疗的反应性无显著相关性，对血清TNF-α和TNFR水平无影响。

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引用次数: 0

Estimation and Evaluation of (Uric Acid, Glutathione, Ceroplasmin) and the Trace Elements (Iron, Copper, Zinc) Levels in Type_2 Diabetic Patients in Basrah Governorate-Iraq 伊拉克巴士拉省2型糖尿病患者(尿酸、谷胱甘肽、纤蓝蛋白)及微量元素(铁、铜、锌)水平的测定与评价

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.1.41

Wasela I. A. Al-Zaid, S. Sayyah

Type 2 diabetes occurs mainly as a result of two interrelated problems Cells in the muscles, fat, and liver become insulin resistant, because the cells do not react in a normal way to insulin, they do not absorb enough sugar, and thus the pancreas becomes unable to secrete an adequate amount of insulin to control blood sugar levels. Since antioxidants and trace elements have a role in the treatment of diabetes by defending beta cells against oxidative stress, so the current research was conducted to find out the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (Uric acid, Glutathione, Ceruloplasmin) and some trace elements (Iron, Copper, Zinc) that act as antioxidants in serum of type 2 diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects in Basrah Governorate-Iraq by age. The number of patients in the study was (50) patients (26 males-24 females) and healthy subjects (43), including (11 males-32 females). It was found that there was a significant decrease at the level of significance (p<0.001) in the levels of each of (Glutathione, Ceruloplasmin, Iron and Zinc) in patients and healthy subjects and this decrease increased with age, while there was a significant increase at the level of significance (p<0.001) in the levels of (Uric acid and Copper) at patients and healthy subjects with age.

2型糖尿病的发生主要是由于两个相互关联的问题，肌肉、脂肪和肝脏中的细胞变得胰岛素抵抗，因为细胞不能以正常的方式对胰岛素作出反应，它们不能吸收足够的糖，因此胰腺不能分泌足够的胰岛素来控制血糖水平。由于抗氧化剂和微量元素通过保护β细胞免受氧化应激而在糖尿病的治疗中起作用，因此本研究旨在研究2型糖尿病患者血清中非酶抗氧化剂(尿酸、谷胱甘肽、铜蓝蛋白)和一些作为抗氧化剂的微量元素(铁、铜、锌)的水平，并将其与伊拉克巴士拉省健康受试者按年龄进行比较。本研究共纳入50例患者(男性26例，女性24例)，健康受试者43例，其中男性11例，女性32例。结果发现，患者和健康者谷胱甘肽、铜蓝蛋白、铁和锌的水平均有显著性降低(p<0.001)，且随年龄的增长而降低的幅度增大，而患者和健康者尿酸和铜的水平则随年龄的增长而显著升高(p<0.001)。

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引用次数: 0

Potential Immunological Biomarker for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Tuberculosis 结核病诊断和预后的潜在免疫生物标志物

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.1.42

Yassameen A. Hussain, K. Mohammed, N. Ali

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world, which has led to numerous deaths. Hence, developing an efficient diagnostic method is essential to monitor and control such deadly infectious diseases. In the current study, the serum levels of four inflammatory markers (CXCL10, CXCL9, suPAR, and MMP9) and the expression NF-κB gene were evaluated as potential immunological markers for diagnosis and prognosis of tuberculosis, using ELISA and qPCR technique respectively. Thirty new TB patients and equal numbers of under treatment TB patients and control (healthy people) were conscripted in this study. The results showed significant differences in the serum level of CXCL10 among the three groups (p value 0.003) and between new and under treatment patients (P value 0.004). A significant difference in the CXCL9 level in the serum was observed between the new TB patients and the healthy group with p value 0.028 but didn’t reach the significant level between the new and under treatment patients. The serum level of suPAR was higher in new patients (106.59pg/ml) followed by treated patients (89.66pg/ml) and lowest in healthy group (80.71pg/ml) but didn’t reach the significant level. Also, the serum level of MMP-9 did not show a significant difference between the tested groups, but it was slightly higher in new patients (21.45ng/ml) compared to the healthy group (20.70ng/ml). The amount of NF-κB gene expression was significantly higher in new patients (8.21-fold change) than in under treatment patients (2.95-fold change) in comparing with healthy people.

结核病(TB)是世界上最常见的传染病之一，已导致许多人死亡。因此，开发一种有效的诊断方法对于监测和控制这些致命的传染病至关重要。本研究分别采用ELISA和qPCR技术，评价血清4种炎症标志物(CXCL10、CXCL9、suPAR和MMP9)水平和NF-κB基因表达作为结核病诊断和预后的潜在免疫学标志物。本研究招募了30名新发结核病患者以及同等数量的正在接受治疗的结核病患者和对照组(健康人群)。结果显示，三组患者血清CXCL10水平差异有统计学意义(p值0.003)，新患者与治疗中的患者血清CXCL10水平差异有统计学意义(p值0.004)。新发结核患者血清CXCL9水平与健康组差异有统计学意义(p值为0.028)，而新发结核患者与正在治疗的结核患者血清CXCL9水平未达到统计学意义(p值为0.028)。新发患者血清suPAR水平最高(106.59pg/ml)，治疗组次之(89.66pg/ml)，健康组最低(80.71pg/ml)，但未达到显著水平。此外，血清MMP-9水平在实验组之间没有显着差异，但新患者的血清MMP-9水平(21.45ng/ml)略高于健康组(20.70ng/ml)。与健康人群相比，新发患者NF-κB基因表达量(变化8.21倍)明显高于治疗前患者(变化2.95倍)。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation between Loa Loa Infestation Prevalence and Eosinophil Rate among Population of Obout, Centre Region of Cameroon 喀麦隆中部地区罗阿罗阿虫害流行与嗜酸性粒细胞率的相关性研究

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.1.32

Nidelle Tchoupou, Christian Ngounouh Taheu, R. G. Essomba, David Normand Ebonda, Junior Michael Chadou Piameu, A. Bayibéki, P. Ateba, Gilbert Gautier Bong Bong, Philippe Salomon Nguwoh

Background: Loiasis remains a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) such as Cameroon. In Cameroon, the prevalence of loiasis varies from one geographical area to another. This study aimed to assess the correlation between Loa loa infestation prevalence and eosinophil rate among population of Obout, centre region of Cameroon.Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in Obout locality situated in Centre region of Cameroon from June to July 2022. Data were collected using a face-to-face interview questionnaire from participants attending the Christ Roi Medical Centre of Obout (CRMCO). In each participant, a venous blood sample was taken in an EDTA tube after informed consent was obtained. A Full blood count (FBC) and a blood smear were performed on each blood sample. The collected data were recorded in an Excel version 2016 sheet and analysed by statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) v. 24 software. For any value of p˂0.05, the results were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 65 participants were enrolled in this study with a median age of 35 years (Interquartile Range [IQR]: 18-52). The prevalence of Loa loa infestation was 15.38% (95%CI: 7.63%–26.48%) with a high prevalence for males (33.33%) versus (vs.) 2.63% for females (OR= 18.50; 95%IC: 2.17–157.46, p=0.002). Similarly, a high prevalence of Loa loa infestation in participants aged ≥35 years or 27.27% (OR=0.08; 95%IC: 0.01–0.72, p=0.01). Concerning the duration in the locality, the participants with ≥10 years in the locality were more infested with 8.33% for those less than 10 years (p=0.15). Furthermore, the current study shows a positive correlation but weak between eosinophil rate and intensity of Loa loa infestation (r=0.3406; p=0.3).Conclusion: This study reported a high prevalence of Loa loa microfilaria in Obout locality with statistically significant differences for gender and age. However, no association was found between eosinophil and microfilarial load. Despite the low participation rate, Obout locality remains an area of high endemicity for Loa loa microfilaria.

背景:在撒哈拉以南非洲(如喀麦隆)，路易丝虫病仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。在喀麦隆，风湿病的流行因地理区域而异。本研究旨在评估喀麦隆中部约乌特地区人群中罗阿罗阿侵染流行率与嗜酸性粒细胞率之间的相关性。方法:于2022年6 - 7月在喀麦隆中部约乌特地区进行横断面和相关性研究。数据收集采用面对面访谈问卷从参加基督Roi医疗中心(CRMCO)的参与者。在每位参与者获得知情同意后，在EDTA管中采集静脉血样本。对每个血液样本进行全血细胞计数(FBC)和血液涂片。收集的数据记录在Excel 2016版表格中，并使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS) v. 24软件进行分析。对于p小于0.05的任何值，结果都被认为具有统计学意义。结果:本研究共纳入65名参与者，中位年龄为35岁(四分位间距[IQR]: 18-52岁)。罗阿罗阿侵染率为15.38% (95%CI: 7.63% ~ 26.48%)，男性(33.33%)比女性(2.63%)高(OR= 18.50;95%IC: 2.17-157.46, p=0.002)。同样，年龄≥35岁的参与者中Loa Loa侵染的高发率为27.27% (or =0.08;95%IC: 0.01 ~ 0.72, p=0.01)。从在地停留时间来看，在地≥10年的鼠患率高于10年以下的鼠患率(8.33%)(p=0.15)。此外，本研究显示嗜酸性粒细胞率与Loa Loa侵染强度呈正相关，但呈弱相关(r=0.3406;p = 0.3)。结论:该研究报告了约乌市罗阿罗阿微丝虫的高流行率，性别和年龄差异有统计学意义。然而，没有发现嗜酸性粒细胞和微丝虫负荷之间的关联。尽管参与率低，但约out地区仍然是Loa Loa微丝虫的高流行区。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular Detection of the Effect of Malaria Infection on Nutritional Status in Paediatrics Attending Primary Health Care Hospitals (PHC) Around Sokoto Metropolitan, Sokoto, Nigeria 疟疾感染对尼日利亚索科托大都市附近初级卫生保健医院(PHC)儿科营养状况影响的分子检测

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.1.27

J. Suleiman, Sani Y. Lema, N. T. Isyaku

Molecular diagnosis is now considered to be the most efficient and reliable method for detection of malaria parasites; hence the present research was designed to access the effect of malaria infection on the nutritional status of the pediatrics attending PHC in Sokoto, 400 children were recruited randomly, nutritional status was determined using mid-upper armed circumference (MUAC) tape, blood samples was collected then subjected to Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nPCR) test. Out of 400 samples analyzed, 199/400 (49.75%) were acutely malnourished, 117/400 (44.25%) were normal and 84/400 (21.00%) were severely malnourished. Although 237 (59.25%,) were found positive for Plasmodium falciparum, those that are severely malnourished had the highest infection rate [78/84 (92.86%)] followed by those that are normal [124/199 (62.31%)] than those that were acutely malnourished [35/84 (41.67%)], a significant association was reported for those that are severely malnourished based on parent’s occupation (P=0.001), place of living (P=0.000), and sleeping under nets (P=0.012), there was also significant relationship in those that are normally based on gender (P=0.001), and sleeping under nets (P=0.021) only while those that were normal showed significant relationship based on sleeping under nets (P=0.001) and parents occupation (P=0.000). The high prevalence of malaria in the study demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity of molecular diagnosis. There is a need to embark on massive community campaigns and adoption of mosquito control measures in the study area.

分子诊断现在被认为是检测疟疾寄生虫最有效和最可靠的方法;因此，本研究旨在了解疟疾感染对索科托市初级保健医院儿科营养状况的影响，随机招募400名儿童，采用中上臂围(MUAC)胶带测定营养状况，采集血样进行巢式聚合酶链反应(nPCR)检测。其中急性营养不良199/400(49.75%)，正常117/400(44.25%)，严重营养不良84/400(21.00%)。恶性疟原虫阳性237例(59.25%)，其中重度营养不良组感染率最高[78/84(92.86%)]，其次为正常组[124/199(62.31%)]，急性营养不良组[35/84(41.67%)]，重度营养不良组与父母职业(P=0.001)、居住地(P=0.000)、睡在蚊帐中(P=0.012)存在显著相关性。只有性别正常(P=0.001)和睡在蚊帐中(P=0.021)的儿童与睡在蚊帐中(P=0.001)和父母职业(P=0.000)的儿童与睡在蚊帐中(P=0.000)的儿童存在显著相关。研究中疟疾的高流行率表明分子诊断具有较高的敏感性和特异性。有必要在研究地区开展大规模的社区运动并采取蚊虫控制措施。

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引用次数: 0

Sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 Genome from Stool Samples of Post-acute Cases Implicates a Novel Mutation Associated with Reduced Antibody Neutralization. 急性后病例粪便样本中的SARS-CoV-2基因组测序提示与抗体中和降低相关的新突变

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2023.2.3.66

Natalya Panova, Nina P Allan, Noelle C Rubas, Rosa H Lee, Braden P Kunihiro, Lesley Umeda, Rafael Peres, Ruben Juarez, Alika K Maunakea

Whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequencing tools are crucial for tracking the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current techniques require sampling of actively infectious patients following COVID-19 testing to recover enough SARS-CoV-2 RNA from the nasopharyngeal passage, which rapidly clears during the first few weeks of infection. A prospective assessment of the viral genome sourced from recovered non-infectious patients would greatly facilitate epidemiological tracking. Thus, we developed a protocol to isolate and sequence the genome of SARS-CoV-2 from stool samples of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 patients, at timepoints ranging from 10-120 days after onset of symptoms. Stool samples were collected from patients at varying timepoints post-convalescence, and viral DNA was isolated and sequenced using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen Inc.) and Ion Ampliseq^™ Library Kit Plus (Life Technologies Corporation). Capacity of neutralizing antibodies in patient plasma was tested using a Luminex panel (Coronavirus Ig Total Human 11-Plex ProcartaPlex^™ Panel, ThermoFisher). Of 64 samples obtained from post-acute patients, 21 (32.8%) yielded sufficient material for whole-genome sequencing. This allowed us to identify widely divergent phylogenetic relativity of the SARS-CoV-2 genome from post-acute patients living in the same households and infected around the same time. Additionally, we observed that individuals who recovered from infection expressed varying degrees of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins that corresponded to distinct variants. Interestingly, we identified a novel point mutation in the viral genome where infected patients expressed antibodies with a significantly reduced capacity to neutralize the virus in vitro relative to that of those infected with the wild-type strain. Altogether, we demonstrate a protocol to successfully sequence the SARS-CoV-2 genome from stool samples from patients up to 4 months post-infection, which can be applied to studies that assess the relationship between variants and immune response post-hoc and safe monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 genome during the pandemic.

全基因组SARS-CoV-2测序工具对于追踪COVID-19大流行至关重要。然而，目前的技术需要在COVID-19检测后对活跃感染患者进行采样，以从鼻咽通道中恢复足够的SARS-CoV-2 RNA，这些RNA在感染的最初几周内迅速清除。对来自康复的非传染性患者的病毒基因组进行前瞻性评估将极大地促进流行病学追踪。因此，我们制定了一项方案，在症状出现后10-120天的时间点，从急性后SARS-CoV-2患者的粪便样本中分离出SARS-CoV-2基因组并进行测序。在康复后的不同时间点收集患者的粪便样本，使用QIAamp病毒RNA迷你试剂盒(Qiagen Inc.)和Ion Ampliseq™Library Kit Plus (Life Technologies Corporation)分离病毒DNA并进行测序。使用Luminex面板(ThermoFisher公司的冠状病毒Ig Total Human 11-Plex ProcartaPlex™面板)检测患者血浆中中和抗体的能力。从急性后患者获得的64份样本中，21份(32.8%)获得了足够的全基因组测序材料。这使我们能够从生活在同一家庭并在同一时间感染的急性后患者中识别出广泛不同的SARS-CoV-2基因组的系统发育相关性。此外，我们观察到，从感染中恢复的个体表达了不同程度的针对SARS-CoV-2结构蛋白的抗体，这些抗体对应于不同的变体。有趣的是，我们在病毒基因组中发现了一种新的点突变，在这种突变中，与感染野生型病毒的患者相比，受感染患者在体外表达的抗体中和病毒的能力显著降低。总之，我们展示了一种方案，可以成功地从感染后4个月的患者粪便样本中对SARS-CoV-2基因组进行测序，这可以应用于评估大流行期间SARS-CoV-2基因组的临时和安全监测的变异与免疫反应之间的关系的研究。

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引用次数: 0

First Detection of KRAS Mutation in Colorectal Cancer Patients in Côte d’Ivoire 在Côte科特迪瓦结直肠癌患者中首次检测到KRAS突变

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2022.1.5.30

Tata G. S. Coulibaly, Valérie M. Gbonon, Akandji Osseni, F. B. Diplo, D. N. Coulibaly, A. Sylla, S. Ngazoa, Moktar Toure, M. Dosso

Advances in molecular biology tools have made it possible to make progress in terms of therapeutics by acting specifically on the molecular mechanisms involved in the virulence of pathogens or in the development of the disease. In the case of cancer, new therapeutics have been developed thanks to these advances. This is called targeted therapy. Targeted therapy molecules specifically act as a molecule, or a molecular pathway involved in the development of the tumor. The use of targeted therapy drugs therefore requires molecular characterization of tumors. In developing countries, the reference tool is high-throughput sequencing, but due to the high cost, this strategy remains inaccessible for the majority of African populations. It is remains necessary to implement alternative molecular diagnostic tools in order to reduce the disparities currently observed in access to cancer care. The High-Resolution Melting analysis (HRM) method is based on real-time PCR and is described as a simple, rapid and specific method for the detection of somatic mutations predictive of anti-tumor therapeutic response. We demonstrated in this study that this method could be implemented in a lower middle-income country like Côte d’Ivoire, and we used it to detect KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer patients for the first time in Cote d’Ivoire.

分子生物学工具的进步使得在治疗方法方面取得进展成为可能，方法是具体作用于病原体毒性或疾病发展过程中涉及的分子机制。就癌症而言，由于这些进步，新的治疗方法已经开发出来。这被称为靶向治疗。靶向治疗分子特异性地作为一个分子，或分子途径参与肿瘤的发展。因此，使用靶向治疗药物需要对肿瘤进行分子表征。在发展中国家，参考工具是高通量测序，但由于成本高昂，大多数非洲人口仍然无法获得这一策略。仍然有必要实施替代分子诊断工具，以减少目前在获得癌症治疗方面观察到的差距。高分辨率熔化分析(HRM)方法基于实时PCR，被描述为一种简单、快速和特异性的方法，用于检测预测抗肿瘤治疗反应的体细胞突变。在这项研究中，我们证明了这种方法可以在像Côte科特迪瓦这样的中低收入国家实施，并且我们首次在科特迪瓦使用它来检测结肠直肠癌患者的KRAS突变。

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引用次数: 0

Analytical Procedure for Determination of Lead in Blood and Urine by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry 原子吸收光谱法测定血和尿中铅的分析方法

European journal of biomedical research

Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.24018/ejbiomed.2022.1.5.33

Abdul Moiz Mohammed

Lead is one of the natural constituents of earth found in soils, plants, and water. Lead predominantly a concern for neurological toxic effect particularly in children due to its irreversible neurological damage. The common spectroscopic methods in trace element analysis in biological fluids are dithizone extraction, polarography, spectral analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer is a valuable, simpler, and cost-effective spectrometric technique for the identification of lead absorbance in the human system. The GF-AAS method can be employed for the measurement of lead percentage in whole blood and urine, and the results acquired are helpful in biological monitoring and clinical diagnostic of work related to surrounding lead exposure. The paper reports the average lead concentration, and calibration graphs for standards as well as absorbance against lead concentration, which will be productive in future for analytical determination of lead in blood and urine.

铅是土壤、植物和水中的天然成分之一。铅主要引起神经毒性作用的关注，特别是在儿童中，由于其不可逆转的神经损伤。生物流体中痕量元素分析常用的光谱方法有双硫腙萃取法、极谱法、光谱分析法、原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法等。石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计是一种有价值的、简单的、经济的光谱技术，用于鉴定人体系统中的铅吸收度。gf -原子吸收光谱法可用于全血和尿中铅含量的测定，其结果可用于环境铅暴露相关工作的生物监测和临床诊断。本文报道了平均铅浓度、标准校正图以及吸光度对铅浓度的影响，为今后血铅和尿铅的分析测定提供了依据。

引用次数: 0