Food chemistry advances最新文献_第9页

Phlorotannins from New Zealand brown seaweeds: Extraction, antioxidant activity, and food applications 新西兰褐海藻中的绿单宁：提取、抗氧化活性和食品应用

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101144

Ruiyi Zhang , Ashna Khan , Jaspreet Singh , Lovedeep Kaur

Brown seaweed, a type of marine macroalgae, is a sustainable resource for human consumption that plays an important role in several cultures, including Aotearoa New Zealand. Brown seaweeds have a relatively high content of phenolic compounds and, exclusively, phlorotannins, which have garnered increasing attention due to their bioactive properties. Applications of these phenolic compounds have been developed for therapy, food additives, material manufacturing, and fertilisers. Among these, their antioxidant property is especially important for the food industry, but limited research has been conducted. This review investigated the nutrition profile of New Zealand brown seaweed species, which are rich in macronutrients, and addressed safety concerns regarding heavy metals and iodine. Phlorotannin content, extraction methods, and their promising antioxidant activities were then compared between New Zealand and global brown seaweeds. According to the current research, they have comparable phlorotannin content and antioxidant activities. More importantly, the potential of applying brown seaweed species as an antioxidant in food matrices was explored. Although successful trials have utilised (New Zealand) brown seaweed extracts as antioxidants for various foods, their widespread commercial use remains rare. The seaweed industry in New Zealand has not been established, and the seaweed is heavily reliant on wild harvest and imports. In conclusion, more effort is needed to develop a comprehensive, evidence-based understanding of New Zealand's brown seaweeds, ultimately enabling the commercialization of this promising resource as antioxidants in food products.

褐藻是一种海洋大型藻类，是人类消费的可持续资源，在包括新西兰奥特罗阿在内的几个文化中发挥着重要作用。褐海藻具有相对较高的酚类化合物含量，特别是褐藻单宁，由于其生物活性特性，褐藻单宁已引起越来越多的关注。这些酚类化合物的应用已经发展到治疗、食品添加剂、材料制造和肥料。其中，其抗氧化性能对食品工业尤为重要，但相关研究有限。本文综述了富含宏量营养素的新西兰褐藻的营养状况，并对其重金属和碘的安全问题进行了探讨。比较了新西兰褐藻和全球褐藻中褐藻单宁的含量、提取方法和抗氧化活性。根据目前的研究，它们具有相当的绿单宁含量和抗氧化活性。更重要的是，探讨了褐藻作为抗氧化剂在食品基质中的应用潜力。虽然成功的试验利用（新西兰）褐海藻提取物作为各种食品的抗氧化剂，但其广泛的商业用途仍然很少。新西兰的海藻产业尚未建立，海藻严重依赖野生收获和进口。总之，需要作出更多的努力，对新西兰的褐海藻进行全面的、基于证据的了解，最终使这种有前途的资源作为食品中的抗氧化剂实现商业化。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable production and characterization of almond butter added oat-flaxseed food bar rich in bioactive content 富含生物活性成分的杏仁黄油添加燕麦-亚麻籽食品棒的可持续生产与表征

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101146

Junaid Ul Hassan , Ashiq Hussain , Hafeez Ur Rehman , Syed Mazhar Shah , Muhammad Tayyab Waqas , Mahrukh Fatima , Muhammad Bilal , Muhammad Qasim Ali , Adnan Ahmed , Muhammad Naeem Zubairi

Value added food bars rich in bioactive and antioxidant content developed by diverse amalgamations of agro-industrial products offer numerous health benefits that extend beyond basic nutritional value. The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate flaxseed food bars with 70 % (T₁), 60 % (T₂) and 50 % almond butter (T₃). The study also aimed to explore their physicochemical, microbial, sensory as well as antioxidant attributes throughout a 60-day storage. Results revealed a notable improvement in the total phenolic (TP) content and antioxidant activity of the food bar (T1). TP content reached a peak value of 38.69 ± 0.72 mg GAE/100 g (T₁) while the lowest value (36.29 ± 0.68 mgGAE/100 g) was recorded in T₃. Similarly, DPPH radical scavenging activity peaked at 79.37 ± 0.72 molAAE/100 g in T₁, and was lowest (76.97 ± 0.75 molAAE/100 g) in T₃. T₁ also showed significantly high (p ≤ 0.05) fiber content (6.56 ± 0.06 %). Yeast and mold count varied from a minimum of 1.43 ± 0.09 CFU/g (T₁) to a peak of 1.99 ± 0.12 CFU/g (T₃) and similarly, total plate count ranged from 2.28 ± 0.12 CFU/g (T₁) to 2.92 ± 0.09 CFU/g (T₃). Oat-flaxseed bars with 70 % almond butter (T₁) emerged as a preferred option for the consumers based on the significantly high (p ≤ 0.05) color, texture, mouthfeel, and overall acceptability results.

富含生物活性和抗氧化成分的增值食品棒是由多种农工产品混合而成的，它提供了许多超出基本营养价值的健康益处。本研究的目的是开发和评价含有70% （T1）、60% （T2）和50%杏仁黄油（T3）的亚麻籽食品棒。该研究还旨在探索它们在60天的储存过程中的理化、微生物、感官和抗氧化特性。结果显示，食品棒（T1）的总酚（TP）含量和抗氧化活性显著提高。TP含量在T1达到峰值38.69±0.72 mgGAE/100 g，在T3达到最低值36.29±0.68 mgGAE/100 g。同样，DPPH自由基清除活性在T1达到峰值79.37±0.72 molAAE/100 g，在T3达到最低，为76.97±0.75 molAAE/100 g。T1纤维含量也显著高于（p≤0.05）（6.56±0.06%）。酵母菌和霉菌的计数从最低的1.43±0.09 CFU/g （T1）到最高的1.99±0.12 CFU/g (T3)，同样，总菌落计数从2.28±0.12 CFU/g （T1）到2.92±0.09 CFU/g （T3）。含有70%杏仁黄油（T1）的燕麦-亚麻籽棒的颜色、质地、口感和总体可接受性都显著高（p≤0.05），因此成为消费者的首选。

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引用次数: 0

Structural modification of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench polysaccharides by partial hydrolysis on the antioxidant and immune-enhancing activities 绿毛鼠的结构修饰枸杞多糖经部分水解对抗氧化和免疫增强活性的影响

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101142

Utoomporn Surayot , Mahattanee Phinyo , Kawee Sujipuli , Kittisak Buddhachat , Pornpitchaya Tungkhatecha , Woo Jung Park , Weerawan Rod-in

In this study, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench polysaccharides (APs) were prepared by mild acid extraction and ethanol precipitation, followed by purification with ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow column. The crude polysaccharides (AP-Crude) were purified to obtain AP2. The backbone of AP2 mainly consists of (1→4)-linked galactose, (1→4)-linked glucose, (1→2,4)-linked rhamnose, and (1→2)-linked rhamnose residues, with terminal glucose and galactose units. AP2, with an average molecular weight of 182.5 × 10³ g/mol, was further modified by hydrolysis (HS), producing the derivatives AP2-HS1, AP2-HS2, and AP2-HS3, with average molecular weights of 107.2 × 10³, 52.6 × 10³, and 19.8 × 10³ g/mol, respectively. The immune-enhancing effects of AP2 and its derivatives were evaluated, showing significant increases in NO and PGE₂ production. Interestingly, AP2-HS1 exhibited greater immune-enhancing potential than the other fractions. AP2-HS1 also upregulated the expression of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by promoting phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, and p65. Additionally, AP2 and its derivatives enhanced radical scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS⁺, and •OH. These results demonstrate that all polysaccharides possess antioxidant activity and activate macrophages through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Overall, partial hydrolysis effectively enhanced the antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions of AP2, with AP2-HS1 showing the strongest potential as a macrophage-activating immunomodulator. The work delivers a functional, food-grade immunomodulator that supports food and nutrition security, sustainable use of agricultural resources, and functional-ingredient development for industrial adoption.

在本研究中，沙鼠（Abelmoschus esculentus， L.）采用温和酸萃取和乙醇沉淀法制备蒙恩奇多糖，并用DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow柱离子交换层析纯化。粗多糖（AP-Crude）纯化得到AP2。AP2的主链主要由（1→4）-连接的半乳糖、（1→4）-连接的葡萄糖、（1→2,4）-连接的鼠李糖和（1→2）-连接的鼠李糖残基组成，末端有葡萄糖和半乳糖单元。平均分子量为182.5 × 10³g/mol的AP2经水解（HS）进一步修饰，得到平均分子量分别为107.2 × 103、52.6 × 103和19.8 × 103 g/mol的衍生物AP2- hs1、AP2- hs2和AP2- hs3。AP2及其衍生物的免疫增强作用被评估，显示NO和PGE2的产生显著增加。有趣的是，AP2-HS1比其他部分表现出更大的免疫增强潜力。AP2-HS1还通过促进ERK、JNK、p38和p65的磷酸化，上调COX-2、iNOS、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的表达。此外，AP2及其衍生物增强了对DPPH、ABTS⁺和•OH的自由基清除能力。这些结果表明，所有多糖都具有抗氧化活性，并通过MAPK和NF-κB途径激活巨噬细胞。总的来说，部分水解有效增强了AP2的抗氧化和免疫调节功能，其中AP2- hs1作为巨噬细胞激活免疫调节剂的潜力最大。这项工作提供了一种功能性食品级免疫调节剂，支持粮食和营养安全、农业资源的可持续利用以及用于工业应用的功能成分开发。

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引用次数: 0

Advancements in foodomics: Transformative applications in enhancing food processing, ensuring quality, safety, traceability, and verifying authenticity 食品组学的进展：在加强食品加工、确保质量、安全、可追溯性和真实性验证方面的变革性应用

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101138

Eyasu Yohannis , Tilahun A. Teka , Markos Makiso Urugo

Foodomics is an emerging multidisciplinary field that applies omics technologies such as genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and nutrigenomics to improve the understanding of food composition, quality, safety, and traceability. This review highlights recent advances in analytical methods for assessing nutrient profiles, identifying contaminants, and verifying food authenticity. Case studies demonstrate the practical impact of Foodomics, including metabolomics for authenticating horse milk adulteration, proteomic profiling for tracing seafood species and dairy product origins, and transcriptomic approaches for monitoring flavonoid biosynthesis in seeds and nitrogen stress responses in apple plants. In cereal and fruit-based products, Foodomics has also been employed to assess processing impacts through volatile fingerprinting and enzyme activity profiling. Despite these successes, widespread adoption is limited by high costs, data complexity, and the need for advanced bioinformatics and technical expertise. The variability of food matrices and dynamic processing environments presents further analytical challenges. A more balanced view of the field is necessary, including critical evaluation of methodological limitations and reproducibility concerns. Future directions involve integrating omics data with technologies such as machine learning and blockchain to enhance predictive modeling and supply chain transparency. Advancements in portable and affordable platforms along with standardization of protocols will be essential for broader implementation, particularly in developing countries. Collaboration among researchers, industry, and regulators will be vital to establish clear regulatory frameworks and realize the full potential of Foodomics in improving food safety and public health outcomes.

食品组学是一个新兴的多学科领域，它应用基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、转录组学和营养基因组学等组学技术来提高对食品成分、质量、安全性和可追溯性的理解。本综述重点介绍了评估营养成分、识别污染物和验证食品真实性的分析方法的最新进展。案例研究展示了食品组学的实际影响，包括用于验证马奶掺假的代谢组学，用于追踪海鲜物种和乳制品来源的蛋白质组学分析，以及用于监测种子中类黄酮生物合成和苹果植物氮胁迫反应的转录组学方法。在谷物和水果产品中，食品组学也被用于通过挥发性指纹和酶活性分析来评估加工影响。尽管取得了这些成功，但由于成本高、数据复杂以及对先进生物信息学和技术专长的需求，广泛采用受到限制。食物基质的可变性和动态加工环境提出了进一步的分析挑战。有必要对该领域有一个更平衡的看法，包括对方法局限性和可重复性问题的批判性评价。未来的发展方向包括将组学数据与机器学习和区块链等技术相结合，以增强预测建模和供应链透明度。便携式和负担得起的平台的进步以及协议的标准化对于更广泛的实施至关重要，特别是在发展中国家。研究人员、行业和监管机构之间的合作对于建立明确的监管框架和实现食品组学在改善食品安全和公共卫生结果方面的全部潜力至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive characterization of physicochemical quality and volatile organic compounds of walnut oil under different treatment conditions based on HS-GC-IMS and chemometrics 基于HS-GC-IMS和化学计量学综合表征不同处理条件下核桃油的理化品质和挥发性有机物

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101141

Li-Na Sun , Guo-Wang Wang , Yan-Long Qi , Kuan-Bo Cui , Yan Ma , Zhong-Qiang Yang , Yong-Yu Li

This study aimed to combine headspace gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) with chemometric analysis to investigate the differences in physicochemical characteristics and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among walnut oils obtained through three different processing methods: hydraulic cold pressing of walnut kernels with the seed coat (DPM), hydraulic cold pressing of walnut kernels without the seed coat (QPM), and supercritical CO₂ extraction of walnut meal left after hydraulic pressing of walnut kernels without seed coat (QPC). A comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical characteristics, VOCs, and fatty acid composition of the walnut oils was conducted, accompanied by correlation analysis. The results indicate that QPC exhibited the highest peroxide value (POV) at 0.16 g/100 g. Concurrently, QPC acid value (AV) was significantly higher than that of DPM and QPM by 0.24 mg/g and 0.26 mg/g, respectively (p < 0.05). The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was 7.75, which is consistent with the characteristic high-PUFA profile of walnut oil. A total of 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, acids, and terpenes, were identified using HS-GC-IMS technology. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) identified 20 characteristic VOCs (VIP>1). The study further revealed significant correlations among the physicochemical quality of walnut oil, its fatty acid composition, and these key VOCs. This research provides essential theoretical insights for assessing how different processing conditions influence nutrient retention and VOCs profiles in walnut oil.

本研究采用顶空气相色谱-气相色谱- ims结合化学计量分析的方法，研究三种不同加工方法得到的核桃油理化特性和挥发性有机物（VOCs）的差异：有种皮核桃仁的水力冷压（DPM）、无种皮核桃仁的水力冷压（QPM）和无种皮核桃仁液压后核桃粕的超临界CO2萃取（QPC）。对核桃油的理化特性、挥发性有机化合物和脂肪酸组成进行了综合分析，并进行了相关分析。结果表明，QPC在0.16 g/100 g时过氧化值最高。同时，QPC酸值（AV）显著高于DPM和QPM，分别提高0.24 mg/g和0.26 mg/g （p < 0.05）。核桃油的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）与单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）之比为7.75，这与核桃油的高PUFA特征相一致。利用HS-GC-IMS技术共鉴定出50种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），包括醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、酸类和萜烯类。偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）鉴定出20种特征VOCs （VIP>1）。研究进一步揭示了核桃油理化品质、脂肪酸组成与这些关键挥发性有机化合物之间的显著相关性。该研究为评估不同加工条件如何影响核桃油中营养物质的保留和挥发性有机化合物的分布提供了重要的理论见解。

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引用次数: 0

Antioxidant and Pro-oxidant properties of naringenin: Unveiling the biphasic impacts on model, Drosophila melanogaster 柚皮素的抗氧化和促氧化特性：揭示对黑腹果蝇模型的双相影响

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101137

Siddhartha Ghanty , Abhratanu Ganguly , Sayantani Nanda , Moutushi Mandi , Kanchana Das , Gopal Biswas , Pritam Maitra , Nurunnisa Khatun , Prem Rajak

Naringenin is a dietary flavonoid that has health-promoting benefits. However, studies demonstrating the concentration-dependent effects of naringenin are still lacking. Hence, the present study unveiled the concentration-dependent biological effects of naringenin on the model organism, Drosophila melanogaster. A comprehensive approach was employed to assess the effects of naringenin on physical fitness, stress enzymes, detoxification mediators, cell viability, and nuclear orientation in treated individuals. The results showed a hormetic response, where low concentrations of naringenin (300–500 µM) improved crawling and climbing activities, while high concentrations (700–800 µM) reduced physical performance and induced oxidative stress. Naringenin exposure also modulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, with low concentrations reducing the enzyme activities while high concentrations increasing their catalytic functions. Furthermore, high concentrations of naringenin caused tissue damage, reduced cell viability, and induced oxidative damage. The study suggests that naringenin plays a dual role, with low concentrations exhibiting beneficial effects and high concentrations generating adverse outcomes. These findings have implications for understanding the biological effects of naringenin and its potential applications in humans, where direct experimentation is challenging. The study provides a foundation for further research to dissect the therapeutic potential and safety of naringenin in humans.

柚皮素是一种具有促进健康益处的膳食类黄酮。然而，证明柚皮素的浓度依赖性作用的研究仍然缺乏。因此，本研究揭示了柚皮素对模式生物黑腹果蝇的浓度依赖性生物学效应。采用综合方法评估柚皮素对处理个体的体能、应激酶、解毒介质、细胞活力和核取向的影响。结果显示，低浓度柚皮素（300-500µM）改善了爬行和攀爬活动，而高浓度柚皮素（700-800µM）降低了身体性能并诱导氧化应激。柚皮素暴露还能调节抗氧化酶的活性，低浓度会降低抗氧化酶的活性，而高浓度会增加抗氧化酶的催化功能。此外，高浓度柚皮素引起组织损伤，降低细胞活力，诱导氧化损伤。研究表明，柚皮素具有双重作用，低浓度具有有益效果，高浓度则会产生不良后果。这些发现对理解柚皮素的生物学效应及其在人类中的潜在应用具有重要意义，因为直接实验具有挑战性。本研究为进一步研究柚皮素对人体的治疗潜力和安全性奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the bioactive potential of fruit peels: A comprehensive Review 探索果皮的生物活性潜力：综述

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101136

Umme Habiba , Rahul Singh , Pankaj B Pathare , Aamir Hussain Dar , Madiya Manzoor , Urba Shafiq Sidiqi , Toiba Majeed

Fruit processing industries generate large quantities of byproducts, particularly fruit peels, which constitute up to 30–50 % of total fruit mass. These peels are rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (e.g., gallic acid and catechins), flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins (C and E), essential oils, dietary fiber, and pectin. Numerous studies have demonstrated their strong antioxidant capacity (e.g., DPPH scavenging activity >80 %), along with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Epidemiological and preclinical data suggest these compounds play roles in supporting cardiovascular function, modulating gut microbiota, improving glycemic control, and promoting bone health.

This review critically explores the valorization of fruit peels from common fruits such as orange, pomegranate, banana, and mango in the formulation of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and therapeutic agents. Recent advancements in extraction techniques, including ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted, and enzyme-assisted extraction, have significantly improved the yield and purity of these bioactives. However, challenges remain in terms of standardization of bioactive content, enhancement of bioavailability (e.g., through nanoencapsulation), and mitigation of potential toxicological risks associated with high-dose or improperly processed extracts.

Overall, the integration of fruit peel-derived bioactives into commercial applications represents a viable approach to reduce agri-food waste, promote sustainability, and develop cost-effective health-promoting products. Future research should prioritize clinical validation, safety assessment, and regulatory standardization to facilitate large-scale implementation.

水果加工工业产生大量的副产品，特别是果皮，占水果总质量的30 - 50%。这些果皮富含生物活性化合物，如多酚（如没食子酸和儿茶素）、类黄酮、类胡萝卜素、维生素（C和E）、精油、膳食纤维和果胶。大量研究已经证明了其强大的抗氧化能力（例如，DPPH清除活性>； 80%），以及抗炎，抗菌和抗癌特性。流行病学和临床前数据表明，这些化合物在支持心血管功能、调节肠道微生物群、改善血糖控制和促进骨骼健康方面发挥作用。这篇综述批判性地探讨了橙子、石榴、香蕉和芒果等常见水果的果皮在功能食品、营养保健品和治疗剂配方中的价值。近年来，超声辅助、微波辅助和酶辅助提取等提取技术的进步，极大地提高了这些生物活性物质的产量和纯度。然而，在生物活性含量的标准化、提高生物利用度（例如通过纳米胶囊）以及减轻与高剂量或加工不当的提取物相关的潜在毒理学风险方面，挑战仍然存在。总的来说，将果皮衍生的生物活性物质整合到商业应用中是减少农业食品浪费、促进可持续性和开发具有成本效益的健康促进产品的可行方法。未来的研究应优先考虑临床验证、安全性评估和监管标准化，以促进大规模实施。

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引用次数: 0

Nanomaterials and nano-bio-polymers characteristics for using in meat and food packaging 用于肉类和食品包装的纳米材料和纳米生物聚合物特性

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101135

Maryam Jafari , Anna Abdolshahi , Nabi Shariatifar , Tayebeh Zeinali

Nanomaterials have introduced transformative advancements in both the production and packaging of food products. A discernible trend has emerged in the progressive integration of nanomaterials and nano-biopolymers within the food packaging industry, driven by their capacity to enhance product quality and longevity. Among the most prominent contributions of nanotechnology to packaging is its role in significantly extending the shelf life of food items. This study examines various classes of nanomaterials and nano-based polymers, with particular emphasis on their physicochemical properties and functional applications in food packaging systems. These materials serve as active agents embedded within packaging layers, enabling intelligent monitoring of food quality, in-package preservation, and controlled release of functional compounds into the food matrix. Key structural attributes influenced by nanotechnology include antimicrobial efficacy and the modulation of permeability to gases, moisture, light, and ultraviolet radiation. These enhancements contribute to improved food safety and preservation outcomes. Nevertheless, the incorporation of nanomaterials into food-contact applications necessitates rigorous adherence to regulatory frameworks to ensure consumer health and safety. As public awareness regarding exposure to nanoscale agents continues to grow, comprehensive research into nanotechnology-based food packaging becomes increasingly imperative.

纳米材料在食品生产和包装方面都带来了革命性的进步。在食品包装行业中，纳米材料和纳米生物聚合物的逐步整合已经出现了一个明显的趋势，这是由它们提高产品质量和寿命的能力所驱动的。纳米技术对包装最突出的贡献之一是它在显著延长食品保质期方面的作用。本研究考察了各类纳米材料和纳米聚合物，特别强调了它们的物理化学性质和在食品包装系统中的功能应用。这些材料可以作为嵌入包装层中的活性剂，实现食品质量的智能监控、包装内保存和功能化合物在食品基质中的控制释放。受纳米技术影响的关键结构属性包括抗菌功效和对气体、水分、光和紫外线辐射的渗透性调节。这些改进有助于改善食品安全和保存结果。然而，将纳米材料纳入食品接触应用需要严格遵守监管框架，以确保消费者的健康和安全。随着公众对暴露于纳米级试剂的认识不断增长，对基于纳米技术的食品包装的综合研究变得越来越迫切。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical analysis of Cistus salviifolius leaves and their anti-diabetic potential: In vitro and in vivo evaluation in alloxan-induced diabetic mice 鼠尾草叶片的植物化学分析及其抗糖尿病作用：四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠的体内外评价

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101134

Abdelmounaim Laabar , Imad Kabach , Soufiane Drioua , Mohamed reda Kachmar , Salma Mortada , Achraf Hamik , Toufik Bouddine , Ashwag S. Alanazi , Mohamed Hefnawy , Mohammed M. Alanazi , Moulay El Abbes Faouzi

Diabetes and its associated complications arise from prolonged increased blood sugar levels cause significant oxidative stress and the production of advanced glycation end products, which are the root causes of diabetes and its accompanying problems. However, in the search for novel therapies, particularly those for diabetes, medicinal plants still hold promise. Our study used alloxan-induced diabetic mice to investigate the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of Cistus salviifolius leaves extract. We assessed both methanolic (80 %) in vitro, paying particular attention to their phytochemical makeup and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, in order to quantify their antiglycation activities, we studied their ability to inhibit AGEs and Amadori products. In vitro enzymatic assays of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition were used to measure the antidiabetic effects, and validation was carried out using in vivo diabetic mice induced with alloxan. Additionally, we examined how methanolic extract administration affected the body weight and blood glucose levels of diabetic mice. The methanolic extract had notable antiglycation, enzyme inhibition, and antioxidant properties. It was particularly rich in phenolic components. Oral treatment of Cistus salviifolius leaves extract at doses of 250 mg/kg as a high dose and also a low dose of 150 mg/kg each day (3 weeks) produced hypoglycemic effects compared to the reference drug, glibenclamide (10 mg/kg). Furthermore, in comparison to the diabetic control group, the extract dramatically increased the antioxidant and glycolysis enzyme effect in the diabetic mice's spleen, liver and kidney. These results highlight the potential of C. salviifolius leaves extract as a substitute for therapy for managing diabetes by reducing hyperglycemia and oxidative damage.

糖尿病及其相关并发症是由于血糖水平长期升高引起显著的氧化应激和晚期糖基化终产物的产生，这是糖尿病及其伴随问题的根本原因。然而，在寻找新的治疗方法，特别是糖尿病的治疗方法时，药用植物仍然有希望。以四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠为实验对象，研究丹参叶提取物的抗糖尿病和抗氧化作用。我们在体外评估了这两种甲醇（80%），特别注意它们的植物化学组成和抗氧化能力。此外，为了量化它们的抗糖化活性，我们研究了它们抑制AGEs和Amadori产物的能力。采用体外α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶抑制法测定其抗糖尿病作用，并采用四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠进行验证。此外，我们研究了甲醇提取物如何影响糖尿病小鼠的体重和血糖水平。甲醇提取物具有显著的抗糖化、酶抑制和抗氧化性能。它特别富含酚类成分。与对照药物格列苯脲（10mg /kg）相比，每天口服250mg /kg高剂量和150mg /kg低剂量的丹参叶提取物（3周）可产生降糖作用。此外，与糖尿病对照组相比，该提取物显著提高了糖尿病小鼠脾、肝、肾的抗氧化和糖酵解酶作用。这些结果突出了丹参叶提取物通过降低高血糖和氧化损伤作为治疗糖尿病的替代疗法的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Computational analysis of azadirachta indica-derived phytochemicals targeting α-amylase and α-glucosidase for antidiabetic activity 针对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的印楝衍生植物化学物质抗糖尿病活性的计算分析

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101132

Ali Mohamod Wasaf Hasan , Md. Sakib Al Hasan , Emon Mia , Mohammed Burhan Uddin , Sumaya Akter Bithi , Noshin Tasnim Yana , Imam Hossen Rakib , Md. Arif Hossain , Muhammad Torequl Islam

Azadirachta indica L. (A. indica, neem), has long been used in the treatment of diabetes in numerous countries. This study aims to explore the molecular interactions of bioactive phytochemicals isolated from A. indica with two key enzymes involved in diabetes, human pancreatic α-amylase (4W93) and α-glucosidase (3CTT), using in silico approaches. Molecular docking was conducted with various ligands to evaluate their potential as inhibitors. Molecular docking analyses revealed that 24-methylene cycloartanol (24-MCL), stigmasterol (SML), and β-sitosterol (BSL) exhibited strong binding affinities (‒9.4 kcal/mol) to α-amylase, with SML forming one hydrogen bond (HB) along with multiple hydrophobic interactions. In contrast, montbretin A (MNA) showed a binding energy of ‒8.7 kcal/mol and formed several HBs. For α-glucosidase, gedunin (GN) showed the highest binding energy (‒9.1 kcal/mol), while SML exhibited a binding energy of ‒8.6 kcal/mol with one HB. Drug-likeness assessment using Lipinski’s Rule of 5 indicated that casuarine (CRE), catechin (CTN), and GN complied with the criteria without violations, while 24-MCL, SML, and BSL had one violation. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) predictions highlighted favorable absorption profiles for 24-MCL, GN, and BSL, while MNA exhibited poor pharmacokinetic properties. Additionally, prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) prediction results further supported the antidiabetic potential of certain compounds. These findings warrant further in vivo and in vitro validation and clinical trials to assess 24-MCL and GN’s antidiabetic potential, while structural optimization could enhance potency for developing safer, more effective plant-based antidiabetic drugs.

印楝树（印楝），在许多国家长期用于治疗糖尿病。本研究旨在利用硅芯片技术，探讨从籼稻中分离的植物活性化学物质与糖尿病关键酶——人胰腺α-淀粉酶（4W93）和α-葡萄糖苷酶（3CTT）的分子相互作用。与不同的配体进行了分子对接，以评估它们作为抑制剂的潜力。分子对接分析表明，24-亚甲基环artanol （24-MCL）、豆甾醇（SML）和β-谷甾醇（BSL）与α-淀粉酶具有较强的结合亲和力（-9.4 kcal/mol）， SML与α-淀粉酶形成一个氢键（HB）并有多个疏水相互作用。而montbretin A （MNA）的结合能为-8.7 kcal/mol，并形成了多个HBs。对于α-葡萄糖苷酶，根都宁（GN）的结合能最高，为-9.1 kcal/mol，而SML与一个HB的结合能为-8.6 kcal/mol。采用Lipinski 5法则进行药物相似性评价，木麻黄（CRE）、儿茶素（CTN）和GN均符合标准，无违规行为，24-MCL、SML和BSL均有违规行为。吸收、分布、代谢、排泄和毒性（ADMET）预测强调了24-MCL、GN和BSL的良好吸收特征，而MNA表现出较差的药代动力学特性。此外，物质活性谱预测（PASS）预测结果进一步支持了某些化合物的降糖潜力。这些发现需要进一步的体内和体外验证以及临床试验来评估24-MCL和GN的降糖潜力，而结构优化可以增强开发更安全、更有效的植物性降糖药物的潜力。

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引用次数: 0