Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1384390
Christopher Campion, Godefroid Charbon, Peter E. Nielsen, A. Løbner‐Olesen
Initiation of chromosome replication is an essential stage of the bacterial cell cycle that is controlled by the DnaA protein. With the aim of developing novel antimicrobials, we have targeted the initiation of DNA replication, using antisense peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), directed against DnaA translation. A series of anti-DnaA PNA conjugated to lysine-rich bacterial penetrating peptides (PNA-BPPs) were designed to block DnaA translation. These anti-DnaA PNA-BPPs inhibited growth of wild-type Escherichia coli cells at low micromolar concentrations, and cells exposed to anti-DnaA PNA-BPPs exhibited characteristic hallmarks of chromosome replication inhibition. These results present one of very few compounds successfully targeting initiation of chromosome replication, an essential step in the bacterial cell cycle.
{"title":"Targeting synthesis of the Chromosome Replication Initiator Protein DnaA by antisense PNA-peptide conjugates in Escherichia coli","authors":"Christopher Campion, Godefroid Charbon, Peter E. Nielsen, A. Løbner‐Olesen","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1384390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1384390","url":null,"abstract":"Initiation of chromosome replication is an essential stage of the bacterial cell cycle that is controlled by the DnaA protein. With the aim of developing novel antimicrobials, we have targeted the initiation of DNA replication, using antisense peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), directed against DnaA translation. A series of anti-DnaA PNA conjugated to lysine-rich bacterial penetrating peptides (PNA-BPPs) were designed to block DnaA translation. These anti-DnaA PNA-BPPs inhibited growth of wild-type Escherichia coli cells at low micromolar concentrations, and cells exposed to anti-DnaA PNA-BPPs exhibited characteristic hallmarks of chromosome replication inhibition. These results present one of very few compounds successfully targeting initiation of chromosome replication, an essential step in the bacterial cell cycle.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140729176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1364946
Shaila Haque, Md. Yusuf Jamil, Md. Shahinul Haque Khan, Md. Sajib Al Reza, Md. Esrafil, M. Abedin, Md. Abu Zubair, Md. Asaduzzaman Sikder, L. Bari
The misuse of antibiotics in poultry farming is a global issue.The focus of this study was the health risk assessment of consumers from the determination of ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TC), and oxytetracycline (OTC) in broiler chicken in the raw, frozen, and boiled stages using solid-phase extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ultraviolet detection (SPE-HPLC-UV).Chromatographic separation was achieved using 0.3% metaphosphoric acid and acetonitrile (1:10, v/v) for CIP at 280 nm and oxalic acid (0.01 M) and acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) for TC and OTC at 355 nm with different retention times. The method had an acceptable precision with good linearity, specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, and stability.Among a total of 252 raw samples, approximately 68.25%, 25.4%, and 7.54% contained CIP, TC, and OTC, respectively. Out of the positive raw samples, CIP exceeded the maximum residual limit (MRL) in 3.6% muscle, 14.3% liver and 17.9% skin samples, whereas TC and OTC were below the MRLs. The residual concentrations of these antibiotics were almost unchanged in frozen samples. After boiling the chicken samples, the TC and OTC residues were reduced significantly compared to CIP. Although the concentrations of CIP in boiled samples were above the MRL set by the European Union, these did not exceed the hazard index 1.Based on these results, the exposure levels to antibiotics in broiler chicken meats may be considered to have a low risk for human health.
{"title":"Health risk assessment of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and oxytetracycline residues in raw, frozen, and boiled broiler chicken available in a local area of Bangladesh","authors":"Shaila Haque, Md. Yusuf Jamil, Md. Shahinul Haque Khan, Md. Sajib Al Reza, Md. Esrafil, M. Abedin, Md. Abu Zubair, Md. Asaduzzaman Sikder, L. Bari","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1364946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1364946","url":null,"abstract":"The misuse of antibiotics in poultry farming is a global issue.The focus of this study was the health risk assessment of consumers from the determination of ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TC), and oxytetracycline (OTC) in broiler chicken in the raw, frozen, and boiled stages using solid-phase extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ultraviolet detection (SPE-HPLC-UV).Chromatographic separation was achieved using 0.3% metaphosphoric acid and acetonitrile (1:10, v/v) for CIP at 280 nm and oxalic acid (0.01 M) and acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) for TC and OTC at 355 nm with different retention times. The method had an acceptable precision with good linearity, specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, and stability.Among a total of 252 raw samples, approximately 68.25%, 25.4%, and 7.54% contained CIP, TC, and OTC, respectively. Out of the positive raw samples, CIP exceeded the maximum residual limit (MRL) in 3.6% muscle, 14.3% liver and 17.9% skin samples, whereas TC and OTC were below the MRLs. The residual concentrations of these antibiotics were almost unchanged in frozen samples. After boiling the chicken samples, the TC and OTC residues were reduced significantly compared to CIP. Although the concentrations of CIP in boiled samples were above the MRL set by the European Union, these did not exceed the hazard index 1.Based on these results, the exposure levels to antibiotics in broiler chicken meats may be considered to have a low risk for human health.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"193 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1335654
I. Pala-Ozkok, Tugce Katipoglu-Yazan, T. Olmez-Hanci, Daniel Jonas, E. Ubay‐Cokgor, D. Orhon
The aim of this study was to reveal the microbial and kinetic impacts of acute and chronic exposure to one of the frequently administered antibiotics, i.e., sulfamethoxazole, on an activated sludge biomass. Respirometric analysis and model evaluation of the oxygen utilization rate profiles were the backbone of this study. The results showed that continuous exposure to sulfamethoxazole resulted in the inhibition of substrate storage and an increase in the endogenous decay rates by twofold, which was supported by analysis of the resistance genes. A mild inhibition on the growth and hydrolysis kinetics was also observed. Moreover, sulfamethoxazole had a binding impact with available organic carbon, resulting in a slightly less oxygen consumption. DNA sequencing and antibiotic resistance gene analyses showed that continuous exposure to sulfamethoxazole caused a change in the community structure at the species level. Resistant bacteria including Arthrobacter sp. and members of the Chitinophagaceae and Intrasporangiaceae families were found to have dominated the bacterial community. The impact of intermittent exposure was also investigated, and the results indicated a drop in the severity of the impact after 20 days of intermittence.
{"title":"Impact of acute and chronic exposure to sulfamethoxazole on the kinetics and microbial structure of an activated sludge community","authors":"I. Pala-Ozkok, Tugce Katipoglu-Yazan, T. Olmez-Hanci, Daniel Jonas, E. Ubay‐Cokgor, D. Orhon","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1335654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1335654","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to reveal the microbial and kinetic impacts of acute and chronic exposure to one of the frequently administered antibiotics, i.e., sulfamethoxazole, on an activated sludge biomass. Respirometric analysis and model evaluation of the oxygen utilization rate profiles were the backbone of this study. The results showed that continuous exposure to sulfamethoxazole resulted in the inhibition of substrate storage and an increase in the endogenous decay rates by twofold, which was supported by analysis of the resistance genes. A mild inhibition on the growth and hydrolysis kinetics was also observed. Moreover, sulfamethoxazole had a binding impact with available organic carbon, resulting in a slightly less oxygen consumption. DNA sequencing and antibiotic resistance gene analyses showed that continuous exposure to sulfamethoxazole caused a change in the community structure at the species level. Resistant bacteria including Arthrobacter sp. and members of the Chitinophagaceae and Intrasporangiaceae families were found to have dominated the bacterial community. The impact of intermittent exposure was also investigated, and the results indicated a drop in the severity of the impact after 20 days of intermittence.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"136 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140754531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1380380
Alice Cappello, Ylenia Murgia, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Sara Mora, Roberta Gazzarata, Nicola Rosso, Mauro Giacomini, Matteo Bassetti
Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. In the era of big data and of the consequent frequent need for large study populations, manual collection of data for research studies on antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use has become extremely time-consuming and sometimes impossible to be accomplished by overwhelmed healthcare personnel. In this review, we discuss relevant concepts pertaining to the automated extraction of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic prescription data from laboratory information systems and electronic health records to be used in clinical studies, starting from the currently available literature on the topic. Leveraging automatic extraction and standardization of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic prescription data is an tremendous opportunity to improve the care of future patients with severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms, and should not be missed.
{"title":"Automated extraction of standardized antibiotic resistance and prescription data from laboratory information systems and electronic health records: a narrative review.","authors":"Alice Cappello, Ylenia Murgia, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Sara Mora, Roberta Gazzarata, Nicola Rosso, Mauro Giacomini, Matteo Bassetti","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1380380","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1380380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. In the era of big data and of the consequent frequent need for large study populations, manual collection of data for research studies on antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use has become extremely time-consuming and sometimes impossible to be accomplished by overwhelmed healthcare personnel. In this review, we discuss relevant concepts pertaining to the automated extraction of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic prescription data from laboratory information systems and electronic health records to be used in clinical studies, starting from the currently available literature on the topic. Leveraging automatic extraction and standardization of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic prescription data is an tremendous opportunity to improve the care of future patients with severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms, and should not be missed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"3 ","pages":"1380380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1321368
Olivia S. K. Chan, W. Lam, Tint Naing, Dorothy Yuen Ting Cheong, Elaine Lee, Ben Cowling, Matthew Low
Clinicians need to prescribe antibiotics in a way that adequately treats infections, while simultaneously limiting the development of antibiotic resistance (ABR). Although there are abundant guidelines on how to best treat infections, there is less understanding of how treatment durations and antibiotic types influence the development of ABR. This study adopts a self-controlled case study (SCCS) method to relate antibiotic exposure time to subsequent changes in resistance patterns. This SCCS approach uses antibiotic exposure as a risk factor, and the development of ABR as an incidence rate ratio (IRR), which can be considered as the multiplicative change in risk for bacteria to become or maintain resistance.To investigate the IRR of extensive (more than 7 antibiotic classes), revert, persistent, and directed antibiotic resistance according to the duration and type of antibiotic exposures in Escherichia coli (E. coli).We use anonymized veterinary clinical data from dog and cat patients older than 6 months between 2015 and 2020. Patients were considered suitable cases if they received antibiotics and had a minimum of two urinary antibiograms within a 12-month period (the first prior to antibiotics exposure and the second from 1 week to 6 months after exposure). The first antibiogram is conducted before antibiotic exposure (case n=20).From 20 individuals and 42 paired antibiograms we found that the IRR = 2 for extensive drug resistance in patients who received short-course antibiotic treatment compared to longer treatments. In contrast, multi-drug resistance IRR = 2.6 for long-course compared to short-course antibiotic treatment. The ratio of E. coli isolates that reverted from resistant to sensitive was 5.4 times more likely in patients who received antibiotics for longer than 10 days.
{"title":"Examining pharmacoepidemiology of antibiotic use and resistance in first-line antibiotics: a self-controlled case series study of Escherichia coli in small companion animals","authors":"Olivia S. K. Chan, W. Lam, Tint Naing, Dorothy Yuen Ting Cheong, Elaine Lee, Ben Cowling, Matthew Low","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1321368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1321368","url":null,"abstract":"Clinicians need to prescribe antibiotics in a way that adequately treats infections, while simultaneously limiting the development of antibiotic resistance (ABR). Although there are abundant guidelines on how to best treat infections, there is less understanding of how treatment durations and antibiotic types influence the development of ABR. This study adopts a self-controlled case study (SCCS) method to relate antibiotic exposure time to subsequent changes in resistance patterns. This SCCS approach uses antibiotic exposure as a risk factor, and the development of ABR as an incidence rate ratio (IRR), which can be considered as the multiplicative change in risk for bacteria to become or maintain resistance.To investigate the IRR of extensive (more than 7 antibiotic classes), revert, persistent, and directed antibiotic resistance according to the duration and type of antibiotic exposures in Escherichia coli (E. coli).We use anonymized veterinary clinical data from dog and cat patients older than 6 months between 2015 and 2020. Patients were considered suitable cases if they received antibiotics and had a minimum of two urinary antibiograms within a 12-month period (the first prior to antibiotics exposure and the second from 1 week to 6 months after exposure). The first antibiogram is conducted before antibiotic exposure (case n=20).From 20 individuals and 42 paired antibiograms we found that the IRR = 2 for extensive drug resistance in patients who received short-course antibiotic treatment compared to longer treatments. In contrast, multi-drug resistance IRR = 2.6 for long-course compared to short-course antibiotic treatment. The ratio of E. coli isolates that reverted from resistant to sensitive was 5.4 times more likely in patients who received antibiotics for longer than 10 days.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-21DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1374463
Márió Gajdács, Shazia Jamshed
{"title":"Editorial: Knowledge, attitude and practices of the public and healthcare-professionals towards sustainable use of antimicrobials: the intersection of pharmacology and social medicine","authors":"Márió Gajdács, Shazia Jamshed","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1374463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1374463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1337261
Sasikaladevi Rathinavelu, Cansu Uluseker, V. Sonkar, Shashidhar Thatikonda, I. Nambi, Jan-Ulrich Kreft
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health concern, increasingly recognized as a silent pandemic across the globe. Therefore, it is important to monitor all factors that could contribute to the emergence, maintenance and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Environmental antibiotic pollution is thought to be one of the contributing factors. India is one of the world’s largest consumers and producers of antibiotics. Hence, antibiotics have been detected in different environments across India, sometimes at very high concentrations due to their extensive use in humans and agriculture or due to manufacturing. We summarize the current state of knowledge on the occurrence and transport pathways of antibiotics in Indian water environments, including sewage or wastewater and treatment plants, surface waters such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs as well as groundwater and drinking water. The factors influencing the distribution of antibiotics in the water environment, such as rainfall, population density and variations in sewage treatment are discussed, followed by existing regulations and policies aimed at the mitigation of environmental antimicrobial resistance in India, which will have global benefits. Then, we recommend directions for future research, development of standardized methods for monitoring antibiotics in water, ecological risk assessment, and exploration of strategies to prevent antibiotics from entering the environment. Finally, we provide an evaluation of how scarce the data is, and how a systematic understanding of the occurrence and concentrations of antibiotics in the water environment in India could be achieved. Overall, we highlight the urgent need for sustainable solutions to monitor and mitigate the impact of antibiotics on environmental, animal, and public health.
{"title":"Mapping the scarcity of data on antibiotics in natural and engineered water environments across India","authors":"Sasikaladevi Rathinavelu, Cansu Uluseker, V. Sonkar, Shashidhar Thatikonda, I. Nambi, Jan-Ulrich Kreft","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1337261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1337261","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health concern, increasingly recognized as a silent pandemic across the globe. Therefore, it is important to monitor all factors that could contribute to the emergence, maintenance and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Environmental antibiotic pollution is thought to be one of the contributing factors. India is one of the world’s largest consumers and producers of antibiotics. Hence, antibiotics have been detected in different environments across India, sometimes at very high concentrations due to their extensive use in humans and agriculture or due to manufacturing. We summarize the current state of knowledge on the occurrence and transport pathways of antibiotics in Indian water environments, including sewage or wastewater and treatment plants, surface waters such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs as well as groundwater and drinking water. The factors influencing the distribution of antibiotics in the water environment, such as rainfall, population density and variations in sewage treatment are discussed, followed by existing regulations and policies aimed at the mitigation of environmental antimicrobial resistance in India, which will have global benefits. Then, we recommend directions for future research, development of standardized methods for monitoring antibiotics in water, ecological risk assessment, and exploration of strategies to prevent antibiotics from entering the environment. Finally, we provide an evaluation of how scarce the data is, and how a systematic understanding of the occurrence and concentrations of antibiotics in the water environment in India could be achieved. Overall, we highlight the urgent need for sustainable solutions to monitor and mitigate the impact of antibiotics on environmental, animal, and public health.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"81 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139783674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1337261
Sasikaladevi Rathinavelu, Cansu Uluseker, V. Sonkar, Shashidhar Thatikonda, I. Nambi, Jan-Ulrich Kreft
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health concern, increasingly recognized as a silent pandemic across the globe. Therefore, it is important to monitor all factors that could contribute to the emergence, maintenance and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Environmental antibiotic pollution is thought to be one of the contributing factors. India is one of the world’s largest consumers and producers of antibiotics. Hence, antibiotics have been detected in different environments across India, sometimes at very high concentrations due to their extensive use in humans and agriculture or due to manufacturing. We summarize the current state of knowledge on the occurrence and transport pathways of antibiotics in Indian water environments, including sewage or wastewater and treatment plants, surface waters such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs as well as groundwater and drinking water. The factors influencing the distribution of antibiotics in the water environment, such as rainfall, population density and variations in sewage treatment are discussed, followed by existing regulations and policies aimed at the mitigation of environmental antimicrobial resistance in India, which will have global benefits. Then, we recommend directions for future research, development of standardized methods for monitoring antibiotics in water, ecological risk assessment, and exploration of strategies to prevent antibiotics from entering the environment. Finally, we provide an evaluation of how scarce the data is, and how a systematic understanding of the occurrence and concentrations of antibiotics in the water environment in India could be achieved. Overall, we highlight the urgent need for sustainable solutions to monitor and mitigate the impact of antibiotics on environmental, animal, and public health.
{"title":"Mapping the scarcity of data on antibiotics in natural and engineered water environments across India","authors":"Sasikaladevi Rathinavelu, Cansu Uluseker, V. Sonkar, Shashidhar Thatikonda, I. Nambi, Jan-Ulrich Kreft","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1337261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1337261","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health concern, increasingly recognized as a silent pandemic across the globe. Therefore, it is important to monitor all factors that could contribute to the emergence, maintenance and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Environmental antibiotic pollution is thought to be one of the contributing factors. India is one of the world’s largest consumers and producers of antibiotics. Hence, antibiotics have been detected in different environments across India, sometimes at very high concentrations due to their extensive use in humans and agriculture or due to manufacturing. We summarize the current state of knowledge on the occurrence and transport pathways of antibiotics in Indian water environments, including sewage or wastewater and treatment plants, surface waters such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs as well as groundwater and drinking water. The factors influencing the distribution of antibiotics in the water environment, such as rainfall, population density and variations in sewage treatment are discussed, followed by existing regulations and policies aimed at the mitigation of environmental antimicrobial resistance in India, which will have global benefits. Then, we recommend directions for future research, development of standardized methods for monitoring antibiotics in water, ecological risk assessment, and exploration of strategies to prevent antibiotics from entering the environment. Finally, we provide an evaluation of how scarce the data is, and how a systematic understanding of the occurrence and concentrations of antibiotics in the water environment in India could be achieved. Overall, we highlight the urgent need for sustainable solutions to monitor and mitigate the impact of antibiotics on environmental, animal, and public health.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139843544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1351999
Daniel Basiry, R. Kommedal, K. Kaster
Wastewater treatment plants receive low concentrations of antibiotics. Residual concentrations of antibiotics in the effluent may accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance in the receiving environments. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in countries with strict regulation of antibiotic use is important in gaining knowledge of how effective these policies are in preventing the emergence of ARGs or whether other strategies are required, for example, at-source treatment of hospital effluents. This study evaluates the presence of certain common resistance genes (blaSHV-1, blaTEM-1, msrA, ermA, ermC, tetM, tetL, tetA, vanA, and vanC) in the influent, sludge, and effluent of four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the North Jæren region of Norway at two different sampling times (January and May). These WWTPs vary in drainage area and wastewater composition and were selected based on their differing wastewater characteristics. Randomly selected colonies from the activated sludge samples were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ampicillin, vancomycin, and tetracycline. In addition, variations in the bacterial composition of the wastewater were characterized via 16S rRNA sequencing and were analyzed in terms of bacterial host taxa that explain the presence of the ARGs in wastewater. The MIC tests revealed MIC90 values of >128 µg/mL for ampicillin, ≥128 µg/mL for vancomycin, and 32 µg/mL for tetracycline. In addition, the three resistance genes, ermB, tetA, and tetM, that were present in the influent and activated sludge were still present in the effluent. These results indicate that WWTPs represent a direct route into the environment for resistance genes and do not significantly reduce their abundance. Hence, the development of treatment methods for the removal of these genes from WWTPs in the future is of utmost importance.
{"title":"The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria at four Norwegian wastewater treatment plants: seasonal and wastewater-source effects","authors":"Daniel Basiry, R. Kommedal, K. Kaster","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1351999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1351999","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater treatment plants receive low concentrations of antibiotics. Residual concentrations of antibiotics in the effluent may accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance in the receiving environments. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in countries with strict regulation of antibiotic use is important in gaining knowledge of how effective these policies are in preventing the emergence of ARGs or whether other strategies are required, for example, at-source treatment of hospital effluents. This study evaluates the presence of certain common resistance genes (blaSHV-1, blaTEM-1, msrA, ermA, ermC, tetM, tetL, tetA, vanA, and vanC) in the influent, sludge, and effluent of four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the North Jæren region of Norway at two different sampling times (January and May). These WWTPs vary in drainage area and wastewater composition and were selected based on their differing wastewater characteristics. Randomly selected colonies from the activated sludge samples were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ampicillin, vancomycin, and tetracycline. In addition, variations in the bacterial composition of the wastewater were characterized via 16S rRNA sequencing and were analyzed in terms of bacterial host taxa that explain the presence of the ARGs in wastewater. The MIC tests revealed MIC90 values of >128 µg/mL for ampicillin, ≥128 µg/mL for vancomycin, and 32 µg/mL for tetracycline. In addition, the three resistance genes, ermB, tetA, and tetM, that were present in the influent and activated sludge were still present in the effluent. These results indicate that WWTPs represent a direct route into the environment for resistance genes and do not significantly reduce their abundance. Hence, the development of treatment methods for the removal of these genes from WWTPs in the future is of utmost importance.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"28 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2024.1351999
Daniel Basiry, R. Kommedal, K. Kaster
Wastewater treatment plants receive low concentrations of antibiotics. Residual concentrations of antibiotics in the effluent may accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance in the receiving environments. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in countries with strict regulation of antibiotic use is important in gaining knowledge of how effective these policies are in preventing the emergence of ARGs or whether other strategies are required, for example, at-source treatment of hospital effluents. This study evaluates the presence of certain common resistance genes (blaSHV-1, blaTEM-1, msrA, ermA, ermC, tetM, tetL, tetA, vanA, and vanC) in the influent, sludge, and effluent of four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the North Jæren region of Norway at two different sampling times (January and May). These WWTPs vary in drainage area and wastewater composition and were selected based on their differing wastewater characteristics. Randomly selected colonies from the activated sludge samples were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ampicillin, vancomycin, and tetracycline. In addition, variations in the bacterial composition of the wastewater were characterized via 16S rRNA sequencing and were analyzed in terms of bacterial host taxa that explain the presence of the ARGs in wastewater. The MIC tests revealed MIC90 values of >128 µg/mL for ampicillin, ≥128 µg/mL for vancomycin, and 32 µg/mL for tetracycline. In addition, the three resistance genes, ermB, tetA, and tetM, that were present in the influent and activated sludge were still present in the effluent. These results indicate that WWTPs represent a direct route into the environment for resistance genes and do not significantly reduce their abundance. Hence, the development of treatment methods for the removal of these genes from WWTPs in the future is of utmost importance.
{"title":"The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria at four Norwegian wastewater treatment plants: seasonal and wastewater-source effects","authors":"Daniel Basiry, R. Kommedal, K. Kaster","doi":"10.3389/frabi.2024.1351999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frabi.2024.1351999","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater treatment plants receive low concentrations of antibiotics. Residual concentrations of antibiotics in the effluent may accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance in the receiving environments. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in countries with strict regulation of antibiotic use is important in gaining knowledge of how effective these policies are in preventing the emergence of ARGs or whether other strategies are required, for example, at-source treatment of hospital effluents. This study evaluates the presence of certain common resistance genes (blaSHV-1, blaTEM-1, msrA, ermA, ermC, tetM, tetL, tetA, vanA, and vanC) in the influent, sludge, and effluent of four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the North Jæren region of Norway at two different sampling times (January and May). These WWTPs vary in drainage area and wastewater composition and were selected based on their differing wastewater characteristics. Randomly selected colonies from the activated sludge samples were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ampicillin, vancomycin, and tetracycline. In addition, variations in the bacterial composition of the wastewater were characterized via 16S rRNA sequencing and were analyzed in terms of bacterial host taxa that explain the presence of the ARGs in wastewater. The MIC tests revealed MIC90 values of >128 µg/mL for ampicillin, ≥128 µg/mL for vancomycin, and 32 µg/mL for tetracycline. In addition, the three resistance genes, ermB, tetA, and tetM, that were present in the influent and activated sludge were still present in the effluent. These results indicate that WWTPs represent a direct route into the environment for resistance genes and do not significantly reduce their abundance. Hence, the development of treatment methods for the removal of these genes from WWTPs in the future is of utmost importance.","PeriodicalId":73065,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in antibiotics","volume":"7 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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