Global advances in integrative medicine and health最新文献

Background: Pain is a significant complication following cardiac surgery. While pharmacological treatments are standard, non-pharmacological interventions like music offer a promising, low-cost adjunct for pain management.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a music intervention on pain and vital signs during the first postoperative bed bath for patients recovering from cardiac surgery.

Methods: This study was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial involving 38 patients who had undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Patients were allocated to either an experimental group (n = 19), which listened to self-selected music via headphones, or a control group (n = 19), which wore headphones with no audio. The primary outcome, pain, was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and the Wong-Baker FACES Scale (WBS) during and after the bed bath.

Results: The music intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in pain scores both during and after the bath. Compared to the control group, the experimental group's pain scores decreased by a mean of 2.41 points on the NRS (P < 0.001) and 2.11 points on the WBS (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant reduction in heart rate (P = 0.019) was observed in the experimental group.

Conclusion: Music intervention effectively reduced pain and stabilized heart rate during a potentially painful routine procedure in the immediate postoperative period of cardiac surgery.

Background: Paracetamol is one of the popular causes of liver injury primarily mediated by oxidative stress and increased inflammation within the liver. Bersama abyssinica has active ingredients with antioxidant activities and is traditionally used to treat liver diseases. However, its effects have not been confirmed by in vivo studies.

Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating the hepatoprotective effect of a methanolic extract of Bersama abyssinica leaf on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.

Methods: The study was conducted on thirty male Swiss albino mice, randomly grouped into six groups of five mice each; normal, negative, and positive control groups received 1 mL/kg of distilled water, paracetamol 250 mg/kg only, and silymarin (100 mg/kg) orally with paracetamol, respectively. While treatment groups I, II, and III received 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of the Bersama abyssinica leaf methanolic extract with paracetamol 250 mg/kg, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the mice were sacrificed after being anesthetized, and blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture, and the liver was removed for histopathological investigation. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis using a one-way ANOVA.

Results: The negative control group showed higher levels of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and bilirubin compared to the normal control. However, significant hepatoprotective effects were noted in the treatment and positive control groups, as evidenced by the substantially reduced levels of these liver biomarkers towards the normal range. The significantly lower levels of indirect bilirubin were seen among treatment groups II and III as compared to group II. Abnormal liver architectures were observed in the negative control group; however, these changes were reversed following administration of the leaf extract.

Conclusion: The study found that the methanolic leaf extract of Bersama abyssinica exhibited hepatoprotective effects against paracetamol-induced liver injury.

Background: Chronic pain has been linked to increased awareness of but decreased accuracy in detecting internal sensations. Interoception, the sense of signals from inside the body, may be a therapeutic target to improve pain. No studies have examined the feasibility of targeting interoceptive skills within a yoga intervention for chronic pain - where direct engagement with challenging sensations may be difficult - or whether yoga improves any measure of interoception among persons with chronic pain.

Objective: The primary aim was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a 6-week interoception-based yoga intervention in a population of mixed chronic pain. The second aim was to examine the preliminary effectiveness on 2 measures of interoception (interoceptive sensibility and interoceptive accuracy), pain and psychosocial outcomes.

Methods: This was a single-arm feasibility study. Primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability. Secondary outcomes included self-report measures of interoceptive sensibility (Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2), pain intensity, pain interference, mindfulness, spiritual well-being and physical and mental health-related quality of life. Interoceptive accuracy was assessed with heartbeat counting. All measures were collected at baseline and after 6 weeks.

Results: The 6-week interoception-based yoga intervention demonstrated feasibility and high acceptability in a sample of mixed chronic pain. Twenty-six participants consented, 24 started the intervention (mean age 42.5 years, 75% female) and 19 (79%) completed 6-week post-intervention testing. The average attendance rate was 69%. There were no serious adverse events and acceptability ratings were high (>5/7). While not powered to make conclusions, preliminary analyses revealed a statistically significant increase in interoceptive sensibility and interoceptive accuracy, and reduction in pain (p's < .05). There were no correlations between the 2 measures of interoception.

Conclusion: The intervention appears feasible and acceptable and shows promise for improving pain and multiple dimensions of interoception, especially those involved in consciously attending to the body. Future studies examining the efficacy of interoception-oriented yoga interventions for chronic pain are warranted.

Clinicaltrialsgov registration: NCT06268197 Registered February 12, 2024.

Objective: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) include different pathological conditions of the locomotor system, characterized by pain and limitations in mobility and functioning. The most frequent arthropathies include joint disorders and arthritis. Yoga is an ancient mind-body discipline which has received great attention in clinical research. This critical review intends to analyze the updated literature on clinical outcomes of yoga interventions for MSDs.

Methods: Prospective clinical studies evaluating the effects of yoga for MSDs have been searched in Web of Sciences, Scopus and PubMed databases using yoga-related keywords in association with numerous disorders affecting the musculoskeletal system. We explored all protocols to identify similar movements or asana reported with different (uncommon) names or imprecise description, and to be useful for clinicians, we summarized yoga exercises with specific target for body areas and related pathologies.

Results: Overall, 1150 articles were screened, among which 52 prospective clinical studies (total 4151 patients) were selected. The clinical outcomes of yoga were compared with active control groups (rehabilitation, drugs) or passive controls (self-care education or no intervention). The analysis was performed towards specific musculoskeletal disease, affected body area, study type, yoga protocol details, and outcomes in measured and self-reported parameters. All 52 studies showed marked benefits in every or some parameters: measurable outcomes as well as self-reported improvements were higher in yoga groups than in controls, and in some studies even better than drug therapy.

Conclusions: This review highlights the potential benefits of yoga interventions for MSDs. Data highlights that yoga may help improve mobility, reduce reliance on medications, and enhance quality of life and could be considered as a complementary approach alongside conventional medical treatments. However, the heterogeneity of protocols, outcomes, and potential risks of bias highlight the need for rigorous trials to strengthen confidence in these findings and to identify the most effective protocols.

Background: Individuals with gastrointestinal neoplasms undergoing chemotherapy may develop symptoms related to anxiety, fatigue, and sleep disturbances, which are components of neuropsychological symptom clusters. Among non-pharmacological strategies that may aid in symptom management, laser auriculotherapy-a modality of acupuncture-has emerged as a promising approach in symptom management studies.

Objective: This study aims to present a research protocol designed to evaluate the effect of laser auriculotherapy in reducing neuropsychological symptom clusters associated with anxiety, fatigue, and sleep disturbances in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: A randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial will be conducted, involving 62 patients recruited with gastrointestinal cancer initiating chemotherapy treatment at a University Hospital that is a reference in the treatment of cancer patients. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) Experimental Group: laser auriculotherapy applied to predetermined and validated acupuncture points, or (2) Control Group: Sham laser auriculotherapy (placebo). Patients will be followed for 4 weeks. Two important moments will be considered to evaluate the results of the intervention (Pre-intervention and Post-intervention). The primary outcomes will include the reduction in anxiety scores measured by the BAI, the reduction in fatigue scores measured by the Piper Fatigue Scale, and the reduction in sleep scores measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The secondary outcome will evaluate changes in vital parameters ((blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and oxygen saturation).

Discussion: The study aims to contribute to the reduction of the cluster of neuropsychological symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, using a non-pharmacological strategy that can be inserted into the clinical practice of health professionals and oncology reference centers.

Although the United Arab Emirates was founded in 1971 as a federation of 7 emirates with Abu Dhabi serving as its capital, the peoples who have inhabited its lands since antiquity have long-standing beliefs and practices for preventing, diagnosing, and treating ill-health and for maintaining health. Traditional Emirati Medicine exists as unwritten healing practices, beliefs, and knowledge communicated through poems, stories, sayings, songs, and proverbs and Islamic teachings and literature. Research is needed to understand Traditional Emirati Medicine's scope, proper usage, efficacy, active ingredients and mechanisms of action, safety, and quality assurance, and we encourage government and non-government entities to formulate action plans and policies. A strong and up-to-date knowledgebase will inform decisions and recommendations concerning the future of Traditional Emirati Medicine including establishing best practices and health policies, regulating medicines and practitioners to protect consumers, and integration of traditional medicine and modern medicine.

Background: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been shown to be beneficial for adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but little is known about its use in pediatric IBD.

Objective: This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an MBSR program delivered by live-video during the COVID-19 pandemic for youth with IBD.

Methods: Four cohorts of an 8-session MBSR program were conducted via a HIPAA-compliant, video-conferencing platform from winter 2021 to spring 2022. Mixed-methods data were collected through semi-structured focus groups, study-specific surveys, attendance data, and self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures.

Results: Forty-six participants enrolled across 4 cohorts. Participants were 64% female, M_age=14.1 years, 36% non-Latinx White; most had Crohn's disease (81%). Participants attended an average of 7.6 of 8 classes, with 69% attending all 8 classes. Majority of participants (77%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the program. Three themes emerged from the focus groups (n=27): (1) IBD-specific benefits: reduced stress (which some identified as an IBD trigger) and connecting with IBD peers; (2) mental health benefits; and (3) virtual MBSR was feasible and well-liked, but challenges were present. Pre- vs post-program data (n = 30) showed statistically significant improvements in HRQOL (P = 0.04), HRQOL social functioning (P = 0.03), and perceived stress (P < 0.01).

Conclusion: This pilot study of live-video MBSR for youth with IBD shows feasibility and acceptability, high rates of attendance and satisfaction, and potential benefits in quality of life and stress. MBSR is a potential adjunctive therapy in pediatric IBD.

Background: Detailed intervention reporting is essential to interpretation, replication, and eventual translation of music-based interventions (MBIs) into practice. Despite availability of Reporting Guidelines for Music-based Interventions (RG-MBI, published 2011), multiple reviews reveal sustained problems with reporting quality and consistency. To address this, we convened an interdisciplinary expert panel to update and improve the utility and validity of the existing guidelines using a rigorous Delphi approach. The resulting updated checklist includes 12-items across eight areas considered essential to ensure transparent reporting of MBIs.

Methods: The purpose of this explanation and elaboration document is to facilitate consistent understanding, use, and dissemination of the revised RG-MBI. Members of the interdisciplinary expert panel collaborated to create the resulting guidance statement.

Results: This guidance statement offers: (1) the scope and intended use of the RG-MBI, (2) an explanation for each checklist item, with examples from published studies, and (3) two published studies with annotations indicating where the authors reported each checklist item.

Conclusion: Broader uptake of the RG-MBIs by study authors, editors, and peer reviewers will lead to better reporting of MBI trials, and in turn facilitate greater replication of research, improve cross-study comparisons and meta-analyses, and increase implementation of findings.