Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4018/IJBCE.2019010102
V. Kishore, R. Satyanarayana
A vital necessity for clinical determination and treatment is an opportunity to prepare a procedure that is universally adaptable. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) of various medical conditions has seen a tremendous growth in recent years. The frameworks combined with expanding capacity, the coliseum of CAD is touching new spaces. The goal of proposed work is to build an easy to understand multifunctional GUI Device for CAD that performs intelligent preparing of lung CT images. Functions implemented are to achieve region of interest (ROI) segmentation for nodule detection. The nodule extraction from ROI is implemented by morphological operations, reducing the complexity and making the system suitable for real-time applications. In addition, an interactive 3D viewer and performance measure tool that quantifies and measures the nodules is integrated. The results are validated through clinical expert. This serves as a foundation to determine, the decision of treatment and the prospect of recovery.
{"title":"GUI-CAD Tool for Segmentation and Classification of Abnormalities in Lung CT Image","authors":"V. Kishore, R. Satyanarayana","doi":"10.4018/IJBCE.2019010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJBCE.2019010102","url":null,"abstract":"A vital necessity for clinical determination and treatment is an opportunity to prepare a procedure that is universally adaptable. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) of various medical conditions has seen a tremendous growth in recent years. The frameworks combined with expanding capacity, the coliseum of CAD is touching new spaces. The goal of proposed work is to build an easy to understand multifunctional GUI Device for CAD that performs intelligent preparing of lung CT images. Functions implemented are to achieve region of interest (ROI) segmentation for nodule detection. The nodule extraction from ROI is implemented by morphological operations, reducing the complexity and making the system suitable for real-time applications. In addition, an interactive 3D viewer and performance measure tool that quantifies and measures the nodules is integrated. The results are validated through clinical expert. This serves as a foundation to determine, the decision of treatment and the prospect of recovery.","PeriodicalId":73426,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical engineering and clinical science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84810735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. Z. Daou, Khalil Karam, Hiba Zeidan, A. Hayek, J. Borcsok
This paperpresents an advanced medicine intake monitoring and control system. The proposed system consists on a smart medicine box that is designed to help patients taking their medications on time. Two main features are implemented during the design phase of this system: the first one is the safety feature that will alarm the patient in case of not taking and/or bad dosage taking for medication, will keep the medication out of reach of the children and will be used in case of failure of one of the system’s components whereas the second feature is the low cost of the system. This box will be linked to a phone application that can signal several alarms mainly when the medications are about to finish, the patient forgets to take his medication or he (she) doesn’t take the required dose (or the required number of pills)… This system was tested over 30 different medications and when using ten different mobile phones by more than 25 patients and the results didn’t show any faulty alarms.
{"title":"Design of a Safe and Smart Medicine Box","authors":"R. A. Z. Daou, Khalil Karam, Hiba Zeidan, A. Hayek, J. Borcsok","doi":"10.5121/ijbes.2018.5401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/ijbes.2018.5401","url":null,"abstract":"This paperpresents an advanced medicine intake monitoring and control system. The proposed system consists on a smart medicine box that is designed to help patients taking their medications on time. Two main features are implemented during the design phase of this system: the first one is the safety feature that will alarm the patient in case of not taking and/or bad dosage taking for medication, will keep the medication out of reach of the children and will be used in case of failure of one of the system’s components whereas the second feature is the low cost of the system. This box will be linked to a phone application that can signal several alarms mainly when the medications are about to finish, the patient forgets to take his medication or he (she) doesn’t take the required dose (or the required number of pills)… This system was tested over 30 different medications and when using ten different mobile phones by more than 25 patients and the results didn’t show any faulty alarms.","PeriodicalId":73426,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical engineering and clinical science","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79304471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.4018/ijbce.2018070102
Chandana S, Amulya K L, Bhavana A M, Chaithra B, Chaitra S
This article describes how few mode fiber (FMF) has found its applications in optical communication systems. We report a novel concept of sensing physiological parameters using FMF, which utilizes Space Division Multiplexing technology (SDM) where SDM supports multiple modes/ paths of fixed bandwidth channels which increases the data carrying capacity in an optical fiber. Here we have considered two linearly polarized (LP) modes namely LP01 and LP11. A segment of FMF is used as sensing element, where it is spliced between two segments of single mode fiber (SMF). The intermodal interference between LP01 mode and LP11 mode of FMF provides an interference spectrum which is sensitive to change in physiological parameters applied on FMF. Hence any change in physiological parameter results to shift in wavelength in interference spectrum which makes FMF as a sensor
{"title":"Feasibility Study of Few Mode Fibers as a Sensor","authors":"Chandana S, Amulya K L, Bhavana A M, Chaithra B, Chaitra S","doi":"10.4018/ijbce.2018070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijbce.2018070102","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes how few mode fiber (FMF) has found its applications in optical communication systems. We report a novel concept of sensing physiological parameters using FMF, which utilizes Space Division Multiplexing technology (SDM) where SDM supports multiple modes/ paths of fixed bandwidth channels which increases the data carrying capacity in an optical fiber. Here we have considered two linearly polarized (LP) modes namely LP01 and LP11. A segment of FMF is used as sensing element, where it is spliced between two segments of single mode fiber (SMF). The intermodal interference between LP01 mode and LP11 mode of FMF provides an interference spectrum which is sensitive to change in physiological parameters applied on FMF. Hence any change in physiological parameter results to shift in wavelength in interference spectrum which makes FMF as a sensor","PeriodicalId":73426,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical engineering and clinical science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85770942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJBCE.2018070103
A. Loukanov, H. Gagov, Milena Mishonova, S. Nakabayashi
This article describes how carbon quantum dots (C-dots) are tiny carbon nanoparticles (less than 10 nm in size) being envisaged to be used in bio-sensing, bio-imaging and drug delivery nanosystems. Their low toxicity and stable chemical properties make them suitable candidates for new types of fluorescent probe, which overcome the common drawbacks of previous fluorescent probes (organic dyes and inorganic quantum dots). In addition, fluorescent C-dots possess a rather strong ability to bind with other organic and inorganic molecules due to their abundant surface groups. For that reason, fluorescent C-dots can be manipulated via series of controllable chemical treatments in order to satisfy the demands in the photocatalytic, biochemical and chemical sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery and enhanced cell targeting. In recent studies it was described the development of carbon quantum dots with large two-photon absorption cross sections towards two-photon imaging for use in photodynamic cancer therapy. Thus, C-dots have become a rising star in biomedical research with a promising future for the application in nanomedicine.
{"title":"Biocompatible Carbon Nanodots for Functional Imaging and Cancer Therapy","authors":"A. Loukanov, H. Gagov, Milena Mishonova, S. Nakabayashi","doi":"10.4018/IJBCE.2018070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJBCE.2018070103","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes how carbon quantum dots (C-dots) are tiny carbon nanoparticles (less than 10 nm in size) being envisaged to be used in bio-sensing, bio-imaging and drug delivery nanosystems. Their low toxicity and stable chemical properties make them suitable candidates for new types of fluorescent probe, which overcome the common drawbacks of previous fluorescent probes (organic dyes and inorganic quantum dots). In addition, fluorescent C-dots possess a rather strong ability to bind with other organic and inorganic molecules due to their abundant surface groups. For that reason, fluorescent C-dots can be manipulated via series of controllable chemical treatments in order to satisfy the demands in the photocatalytic, biochemical and chemical sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery and enhanced cell targeting. In recent studies it was described the development of carbon quantum dots with large two-photon absorption cross sections towards two-photon imaging for use in photodynamic cancer therapy. Thus, C-dots have become a rising star in biomedical research with a promising future for the application in nanomedicine.","PeriodicalId":73426,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical engineering and clinical science","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82851938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJBCE.2018070104
Martina Traykovska, Sjoerd Miedema, Robert Penchovsky
This chapter describes how functional nucleic acids, such as aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering (si) RNAs, and ribozymes are considered by some researchers as valuable tools to develop therapeutic agents. They have not been particularly fast in reaching the market as medicines, due to endogenous barriers to extracellular trafficking and cellular uptake of nucleic acids and their inherent instability when applied in vivo. However, research carried out by the nucleic acid engineering community and pharmaceutical companies to circumvent these obstacles has led to the approval of a few aptamers and ASOs as drugs. Nucleic acid therapeutics are usually administered locally to diseased tissue. The drug candidates currently in clinical trials commonly use the same administration methods as previously licensed nucleic acid therapeutics. These administration techniques carry their own safety risks and advantages. In this article, the present state is discussed and prospective options for the use ASOs and aptamers as drugs are listed.
{"title":"Clinical Trials of Functional Nucleic Acids","authors":"Martina Traykovska, Sjoerd Miedema, Robert Penchovsky","doi":"10.4018/IJBCE.2018070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJBCE.2018070104","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes how functional nucleic acids, such as aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering (si) RNAs, and ribozymes are considered by some researchers as valuable tools to develop therapeutic agents. They have not been particularly fast in reaching the market as medicines, due to endogenous barriers to extracellular trafficking and cellular uptake of nucleic acids and their inherent instability when applied in vivo. However, research carried out by the nucleic acid engineering community and pharmaceutical companies to circumvent these obstacles has led to the approval of a few aptamers and ASOs as drugs. Nucleic acid therapeutics are usually administered locally to diseased tissue. The drug candidates currently in clinical trials commonly use the same administration methods as previously licensed nucleic acid therapeutics. These administration techniques carry their own safety risks and advantages. In this article, the present state is discussed and prospective options for the use ASOs and aptamers as drugs are listed.","PeriodicalId":73426,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical engineering and clinical science","volume":"270 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83023866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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