Amy Phelan, Prakash Gupta, Mihnea-Alexandru Găman, Juan C. Puyana, Francisco J. Bonilla-Escobar
The central role that clinical and translational research contributes to the advancement of medical treatment and enhancement of patient care places sustained research
{"title":"Scientific Conferences for Medical Students: Why do We Need more Spaces for Students to Enhance Research?","authors":"Amy Phelan, Prakash Gupta, Mihnea-Alexandru Găman, Juan C. Puyana, Francisco J. Bonilla-Escobar","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.2274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.2274","url":null,"abstract":"The central role that clinical and translational research contributes to the advancement of medical treatment and enhancement of patient care places sustained research","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Moersch-Woltman Syndrome (MWS), also known as Stiff person syndrome (SPS), is a rare, progressive condition of the central nervous system. Symptoms can include severe immobility, rigidity, and painful muscle spasms in the trunk and limbs. Muscle spasms can occur in MWS patients because they are more sensitive to noise, rapid movements, and mental disturbance. The condition affects women twice as frequently as it does males. It is a rare disease, affecting only 1-2 people per million. The case report aims to highlight the importance of the diagnostic challenges associated with MWS and the significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies.
The case: A 57-year-old female patient presents with history of migraine headaches, anxiety, and depression. The patient experienced widespread and distressing muscle spasms affecting the shoulders, upper and lower back, and limited range of motion in the neck. Physical examination revealed dense diffuse muscle stiffness throughout the body. Further investigations were ordered, including a comprehensive range of laboratory tests and imaging tests. A positive test for GAD antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of MWS. Treatment included administration of Clonazepam and Baclofen. A follow-up appointment, three weeks later, indicated a noticeable 15-20% reduction in spasticity.
Conclusion: This case highlights the crucial role of anti-GAD antibodies in confirming the diagnosis of SPS. Healthcare professionals should consider testing for these antibodies in patients presenting with the described symptoms. A multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, physical therapists, psychiatrists, and orthopedic surgeons is essential to provide comprehensive care and optimizing outcomes for individuals with MWS.
{"title":"A Rare Case Report of Neurological Condition: Moersch-Woltman Syndrome with Positive Anti-GAD Antibodies.","authors":"Aakanksha Pitliya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Moersch-Woltman Syndrome (MWS), also known as Stiff person syndrome (SPS), is a rare, progressive condition of the central nervous system. Symptoms can include severe immobility, rigidity, and painful muscle spasms in the trunk and limbs. Muscle spasms can occur in MWS patients because they are more sensitive to noise, rapid movements, and mental disturbance. The condition affects women twice as frequently as it does males. It is a rare disease, affecting only 1-2 people per million. The case report aims to highlight the importance of the diagnostic challenges associated with MWS and the significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies.</p><p><strong>The case: </strong>A 57-year-old female patient presents with history of migraine headaches, anxiety, and depression. The patient experienced widespread and distressing muscle spasms affecting the shoulders, upper and lower back, and limited range of motion in the neck. Physical examination revealed dense diffuse muscle stiffness throughout the body. Further investigations were ordered, including a comprehensive range of laboratory tests and imaging tests. A positive test for GAD antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of MWS. Treatment included administration of Clonazepam and Baclofen. A follow-up appointment, three weeks later, indicated a noticeable 15-20% reduction in spasticity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the crucial role of anti-GAD antibodies in confirming the diagnosis of SPS. Healthcare professionals should consider testing for these antibodies in patients presenting with the described symptoms. A multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, physical therapists, psychiatrists, and orthopedic surgeons is essential to provide comprehensive care and optimizing outcomes for individuals with MWS.</p>","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khulud Nurani, Anne Pulei, Beda Olabu, Jeremiah Munguti, Talha Chaudhry, Vincent Kipkorir
Background: Doxorubicin is an anti-neoplastic agent widely indicated for a variety of cancers. One of its adverse effects is hepatotoxicity which presents with hepatocyte necrosis, sinusoidal dilation, and fibrosis. However, there remains a dearth in the quantification and zonal distribution of this damage. Methods: Twenty-three adult female Wister albino rats were placed into baseline, control, and experimental group receiving 2.5mg/kg bodyweight Doxorubicin intra-peritoneally thrice weekly for 3-weeks. Rats were sacrificed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 and livers harvested for processing. Masson’s Trichrome was used in staining 7 µm thick sections. Images were taken and analyzed via STEPanizer, and data entered into SPSS for analysis. Results: Rats treated with Doxorubicin had increased liver to body weight ratios from 5.00% at baseline to 6.15%, 6.69% and 7.56% on days 7, 14 and 21 (p=0.090). There was a decrease in hepatocyte densities from 51.88/mm2 to 48.61/mm2, 46.65/mm2 and 42.24/mm2 on day 7, 14 and 21 (p=0.779). Collagen fiber deposition increased from 0.12±0.06 cm3 to 0.47±0.55 cm3, 1.64±0.11 cm3 and 1.88±0.24 cm3 on days 7, 14 and 21 (p=0.009). Deposition was greatest periportally and least pericentrally. Volume of sinusoidal spaces increased from 5.46±0.50 cm3 to 5.49±0.15 cm3, 5.53±0.24 cm3 and 5.50±0.17 cm3 on days 7, 14 and 21 respectively (p=0.827). Sinusoids were larger pericentrally than periportally. Conclusion: Doxorubicin administration is associated with an increase in volume density of fibrotic tissue and sinusoidal spaces but decrease in hepatocytes. The quantitative changes presented may facilitate histopathological grading of Doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.
{"title":"Stereological Estimation and Zonal Distribution of the Hepatotoxic Effects of Doxorubicin on the Female Albino Rat (Rattus Norvegicus)","authors":"Khulud Nurani, Anne Pulei, Beda Olabu, Jeremiah Munguti, Talha Chaudhry, Vincent Kipkorir","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.1859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.1859","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Doxorubicin is an anti-neoplastic agent widely indicated for a variety of cancers. One of its adverse effects is hepatotoxicity which presents with hepatocyte necrosis, sinusoidal dilation, and fibrosis. However, there remains a dearth in the quantification and zonal distribution of this damage. Methods: Twenty-three adult female Wister albino rats were placed into baseline, control, and experimental group receiving 2.5mg/kg bodyweight Doxorubicin intra-peritoneally thrice weekly for 3-weeks. Rats were sacrificed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 and livers harvested for processing. Masson’s Trichrome was used in staining 7 µm thick sections. Images were taken and analyzed via STEPanizer, and data entered into SPSS for analysis. Results: Rats treated with Doxorubicin had increased liver to body weight ratios from 5.00% at baseline to 6.15%, 6.69% and 7.56% on days 7, 14 and 21 (p=0.090). There was a decrease in hepatocyte densities from 51.88/mm2 to 48.61/mm2, 46.65/mm2 and 42.24/mm2 on day 7, 14 and 21 (p=0.779). Collagen fiber deposition increased from 0.12±0.06 cm3 to 0.47±0.55 cm3, 1.64±0.11 cm3 and 1.88±0.24 cm3 on days 7, 14 and 21 (p=0.009). Deposition was greatest periportally and least pericentrally. Volume of sinusoidal spaces increased from 5.46±0.50 cm3 to 5.49±0.15 cm3, 5.53±0.24 cm3 and 5.50±0.17 cm3 on days 7, 14 and 21 respectively (p=0.827). Sinusoids were larger pericentrally than periportally. Conclusion: Doxorubicin administration is associated with an increase in volume density of fibrotic tissue and sinusoidal spaces but decrease in hepatocytes. The quantitative changes presented may facilitate histopathological grading of Doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cover, Credits, & Content","authors":"Executive Committee of IJMS","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.2273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.2273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: To increase recognition of the number of students who study medicine with dyslexia and the support available, it is important to cultivate a culture in which peers can support fellow peers with dyslexia academically and pastorally. This study aims to understand medical students’ perceptions of dyslexia and confidence with supporting fellow peers with dyslexia before and after a workshop on dyslexia. Method: Pre-Post Intervention Evaluation form of 36 1st year medical students before the start of a small group dyslexia awareness session and one month after using a standardized 36 True/False/Don’t know questionnaire to elicit any significant change in knowledge about dyslexia. A standardized 6-item Likert Scale questionnaire was also administered in the same time frame to measure confidence in supporting peers with dyslexia. Results: Pre-dyslexia awareness workshop, the mean score on the knowledge and beliefs about dyslexia questionnaire was 15.22, post-intervention this improved to 24.03 (p<0.001). Additionally, pre-intervention greater than 70% of participants reported feeling not confident in items in the confidence questionnaire associated with supporting dyslexia peers academically or signposting to reasonable adjustments and further support. This changed post-intervention with greater than 88% agreeing or strongly agreeing with these items. Conclusion: At a baseline level, medical students have less precise accuracy in knowledge and beliefs about dyslexia and are not confident in supporting dyslexia peers academically. The findings suggest that dyslexia awareness workshops in the medical curriculum have benefits in increasing knowledge about dyslexia and providing students with confidence in supporting their fellow peers with dyslexia.
{"title":"The Role and Impact of Dyslexia Awareness Workshops in the Medical Curriculum","authors":"Mitchell Osei-Junior, Mayya Vorona","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.1486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.1486","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To increase recognition of the number of students who study medicine with dyslexia and the support available, it is important to cultivate a culture in which peers can support fellow peers with dyslexia academically and pastorally. This study aims to understand medical students’ perceptions of dyslexia and confidence with supporting fellow peers with dyslexia before and after a workshop on dyslexia. Method: Pre-Post Intervention Evaluation form of 36 1st year medical students before the start of a small group dyslexia awareness session and one month after using a standardized 36 True/False/Don’t know questionnaire to elicit any significant change in knowledge about dyslexia. A standardized 6-item Likert Scale questionnaire was also administered in the same time frame to measure confidence in supporting peers with dyslexia. Results: Pre-dyslexia awareness workshop, the mean score on the knowledge and beliefs about dyslexia questionnaire was 15.22, post-intervention this improved to 24.03 (p<0.001). Additionally, pre-intervention greater than 70% of participants reported feeling not confident in items in the confidence questionnaire associated with supporting dyslexia peers academically or signposting to reasonable adjustments and further support. This changed post-intervention with greater than 88% agreeing or strongly agreeing with these items. Conclusion: At a baseline level, medical students have less precise accuracy in knowledge and beliefs about dyslexia and are not confident in supporting dyslexia peers academically. The findings suggest that dyslexia awareness workshops in the medical curriculum have benefits in increasing knowledge about dyslexia and providing students with confidence in supporting their fellow peers with dyslexia.","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Lin, Heather Woolery-Lloyd, BreAnne Young, Sonjia Kenya
Background: Compared to other professions, physicians have significantly higher rates of burnout and poor lifestyle behaviors, including inadequate sleep, poor diet, limited exercise, and lack of supportive social relationships. Among physicians in training, burnout and increasingly poor lifestyle behaviors can begin as early as the preclinical years of medical school. Methods: A cross-sectional survey composed of questions from standardized surveys measuring diet (Yaroch’s FVS), exercise (NPAQ-S), sleep (NHANES), stress management (HRQOL), social support (BRFSS), substance use (AUDIT-QF, WHO), and burnout (Mini-Z) was conducted on a South Florida medical school in May 2021. One hundred forty-four students fully completed the survey for a response rate of 16%. Descriptive analysis was performed via SPSS to determine the effects of these lifestyle factors on the likelihood of student burnout. Results: In this sample of medical students, over half (61%) experienced burnout per the Single Item Burnout Measure. Independently, lack of sleep (p<0.02) and decreased social support (p<0.001) were lifestyle factors positively associated with increased risk of burnout. Furthermore, students who experienced burnout reported more poor mental health days and decreased life satisfaction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Over half of the medical students experienced burnout. Lack of sleep and lack of social support were significantly associated with increased risk of burnout. In addition, burned-out students showed significantly increased levels of poor mental health and decreased life satisfaction. These findings help us identify specific lifestyle factors that institutions could use to further combat medical student burnout.
{"title":"From Student to Physician: Determining Which Lifestyle Behaviors May Be Risk Factors for Burnout at a South Florida Medical School","authors":"Rachel Lin, Heather Woolery-Lloyd, BreAnne Young, Sonjia Kenya","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Compared to other professions, physicians have significantly higher rates of burnout and poor lifestyle behaviors, including inadequate sleep, poor diet, limited exercise, and lack of supportive social relationships. Among physicians in training, burnout and increasingly poor lifestyle behaviors can begin as early as the preclinical years of medical school. Methods: A cross-sectional survey composed of questions from standardized surveys measuring diet (Yaroch’s FVS), exercise (NPAQ-S), sleep (NHANES), stress management (HRQOL), social support (BRFSS), substance use (AUDIT-QF, WHO), and burnout (Mini-Z) was conducted on a South Florida medical school in May 2021. One hundred forty-four students fully completed the survey for a response rate of 16%. Descriptive analysis was performed via SPSS to determine the effects of these lifestyle factors on the likelihood of student burnout. Results: In this sample of medical students, over half (61%) experienced burnout per the Single Item Burnout Measure. Independently, lack of sleep (p<0.02) and decreased social support (p<0.001) were lifestyle factors positively associated with increased risk of burnout. Furthermore, students who experienced burnout reported more poor mental health days and decreased life satisfaction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Over half of the medical students experienced burnout. Lack of sleep and lack of social support were significantly associated with increased risk of burnout. In addition, burned-out students showed significantly increased levels of poor mental health and decreased life satisfaction. These findings help us identify specific lifestyle factors that institutions could use to further combat medical student burnout.","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dylan Thibaut, Ryan Witcher, Breana Barnes, Kersten T. Schroeder
Background: The linkage of HLA-DQB1*0301 to autoimmune disorders is becoming more common in literature. Despite bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) both having similar symptoms, such as blistering skin conditions, research has shown different relationships with HLAs. Methods: In this systematic review, HLA-DQB1*0301 and the odds of developing BP and PV were explored. Google Scholar and Pubmed were consulted, and articles were included if living subjects were used, odds ratio was available or could be ascertained from the study, and if it was not a meta-analysis of other researcher’s works. MetaXL software was used to generate data for analysis and a forest plot was generated for each. Nine studies conducted between 1996 and 2021 met study selection criteria for the BP HLA-DQB1*0301 meta-analysis (1,340 patients and 6,673 controls) and five studies (247 patients and 2,435 controls) for PV. Results: HLA-DQB1*0301 increased the odds of developing BP (OR= 1.64, 95% CI [1.44, 1.87], I2= 0%) yet decreased odds of PV (OR= 0.60, 95% CI [0.40, 0.89], I2= 34%). Conclusion: Results suggest HLA-DQB1*0301 may serve opposite roles in BP and PV despite similarity in symptoms, finding higher odds for developing BP versus lower odds for developing PV. Understanding this HLA’s function in each requires further exploration. Limitations of the analysis included minor asymmetry in the PV Doi plot, suggesting publication bias. No funding was used; study protocol was not registered.
背景:HLA-DQB1*0301与自身免疫性疾病的关联在文献中越来越普遍。尽管大疱性类天疱疮(BP)和寻常性天疱疮(PV)都有类似的症状，如皮肤起泡，但研究表明它们与hla的关系不同。方法:本系统综述探讨HLA-DQB1*0301与BP、PV发生几率的关系。我们咨询了Google Scholar和Pubmed，如果使用了活着的受试者，比值比可用或可以从研究中确定，并且如果它不是对其他研究人员作品的荟萃分析，则纳入文章。使用MetaXL软件生成数据进行分析，并为每个数据生成森林图。1996年至2021年间进行的9项研究符合BP HLA-DQB1*0301荟萃分析的研究选择标准(1,340例患者和6,673例对照)，5项研究(247例患者和2,435例对照)用于PV。结果:HLA-DQB1*0301增加BP发生几率(OR= 1.64, 95% CI [1.44, 1.87]， I2= 0%)，降低PV发生几率(OR= 0.60, 95% CI [0.40, 0.89]， I2= 34%)。结论:结果提示HLA-DQB1*0301可能在BP和PV中发挥相反的作用，尽管症状相似，但发生BP的几率较高，而发生PV的几率较低。了解HLA在这两种疾病中的作用还需要进一步的探索。分析的局限性包括PV Doi图的轻微不对称，提示发表偏倚。没有使用资金;研究方案未注册。
{"title":"HLA-DQB1*0301 in Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Dylan Thibaut, Ryan Witcher, Breana Barnes, Kersten T. Schroeder","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.1594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.1594","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The linkage of HLA-DQB1*0301 to autoimmune disorders is becoming more common in literature. Despite bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) both having similar symptoms, such as blistering skin conditions, research has shown different relationships with HLAs. Methods: In this systematic review, HLA-DQB1*0301 and the odds of developing BP and PV were explored. Google Scholar and Pubmed were consulted, and articles were included if living subjects were used, odds ratio was available or could be ascertained from the study, and if it was not a meta-analysis of other researcher’s works. MetaXL software was used to generate data for analysis and a forest plot was generated for each. Nine studies conducted between 1996 and 2021 met study selection criteria for the BP HLA-DQB1*0301 meta-analysis (1,340 patients and 6,673 controls) and five studies (247 patients and 2,435 controls) for PV. Results: HLA-DQB1*0301 increased the odds of developing BP (OR= 1.64, 95% CI [1.44, 1.87], I2= 0%) yet decreased odds of PV (OR= 0.60, 95% CI [0.40, 0.89], I2= 34%). Conclusion: Results suggest HLA-DQB1*0301 may serve opposite roles in BP and PV despite similarity in symptoms, finding higher odds for developing BP versus lower odds for developing PV. Understanding this HLA’s function in each requires further exploration. Limitations of the analysis included minor asymmetry in the PV Doi plot, suggesting publication bias. No funding was used; study protocol was not registered.","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global surgery research is a critical area of study aimed at enhancing access to safe and effective surgical care for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is essential to explore the significance of global surgery research and highlight the potential contributions of medical students and surgical trainees in addressing the pressing needs of LMIC populations. Global surgery research is pivotal in driving progress and fostering innovation by evaluating surgical disease burden, identifying access barriers, developing sustainable solutions, and strengthening health systems. Additionally, integrating sustainability principles into global surgery research endeavors ensures surgical interventions benefit patients while minimizing the environmental impact of surgical care delivery. Medical students and surgical trainees can engage in global surgery research, including collaborating with experienced researchers, developing research projects with local partners, conducting literature reviews, collecting and analyzing data, and disseminating research findings. Despite challenges faced in conducting research in LMIC, such as limited resources and sociopolitical instability, opportunities exist to nurture the interest of medical students and surgical trainees in global surgery research. By actively participating in global surgery research, medical students and surgical trainees can contribute to improving healthcare outcomes in LMICs while honing invaluable research skills for their future careers. Global surgery research is a critical area of study aimed at enhancing access to safe and effective surgical care for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is essential to explore the significance of global surgery research and highlight the potential contributions of medical students and surgical trainees in addressing the pressing needs of LMIC populations. Global surgery research is pivotal in driving progress and fostering innovation by evaluating surgical disease burden, identifying access barriers, developing sustainable solutions, and strengthening health systems. Additionally, integrating sustainability principles into global surgery research endeavors ensures surgical interventions benefit patients while minimizing the environmental impact of surgical care delivery. Medical students and surgical trainees can engage in global surgery research, including collaborating with experienced researchers, developing research projects with local partners, conducting literature reviews, collecting and analyzing data, and disseminating research findings. Despite challenges faced in conducting research in LMIC, such as limited resources and sociopolitical instability, opportunities exist to nurture the interest of medical students and surgical trainees in global surgery research. By actively participating in global surgery research, medical students and surgical trainees can contribute to improving healthcare outcomes in LMICs whil
{"title":"Global Surgery Research: An Overview and the Role of Medical Students and Surgical Trainees in Advancing Global Surgery Research in LMICs","authors":"Yvan Zolo","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.2059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.2059","url":null,"abstract":"Global surgery research is a critical area of study aimed at enhancing access to safe and effective surgical care for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is essential to explore the significance of global surgery research and highlight the potential contributions of medical students and surgical trainees in addressing the pressing needs of LMIC populations. Global surgery research is pivotal in driving progress and fostering innovation by evaluating surgical disease burden, identifying access barriers, developing sustainable solutions, and strengthening health systems. Additionally, integrating sustainability principles into global surgery research endeavors ensures surgical interventions benefit patients while minimizing the environmental impact of surgical care delivery. Medical students and surgical trainees can engage in global surgery research, including collaborating with experienced researchers, developing research projects with local partners, conducting literature reviews, collecting and analyzing data, and disseminating research findings. Despite challenges faced in conducting research in LMIC, such as limited resources and sociopolitical instability, opportunities exist to nurture the interest of medical students and surgical trainees in global surgery research. By actively participating in global surgery research, medical students and surgical trainees can contribute to improving healthcare outcomes in LMICs while honing invaluable research skills for their future careers. Global surgery research is a critical area of study aimed at enhancing access to safe and effective surgical care for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is essential to explore the significance of global surgery research and highlight the potential contributions of medical students and surgical trainees in addressing the pressing needs of LMIC populations. Global surgery research is pivotal in driving progress and fostering innovation by evaluating surgical disease burden, identifying access barriers, developing sustainable solutions, and strengthening health systems. Additionally, integrating sustainability principles into global surgery research endeavors ensures surgical interventions benefit patients while minimizing the environmental impact of surgical care delivery. Medical students and surgical trainees can engage in global surgery research, including collaborating with experienced researchers, developing research projects with local partners, conducting literature reviews, collecting and analyzing data, and disseminating research findings. Despite challenges faced in conducting research in LMIC, such as limited resources and sociopolitical instability, opportunities exist to nurture the interest of medical students and surgical trainees in global surgery research. By actively participating in global surgery research, medical students and surgical trainees can contribute to improving healthcare outcomes in LMICs whil","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmine A. Liu-Zarzuela, Chelsea T. Nguyen, Dominique B. Johnson
Patient outcomes are highly dependent on the accurate and timely receipt of medications. Patient assistance programs (PAPs) provide key medications to uninsured patients at little to no cost. In Texas and our county, nearly 1 in 5 people are uninsured. Approximately 3,500 uninsured patients over the past year have received care from our clinic. PAP applications require various administrative steps to obtain approval for medication assistance, resulting in delays for patients to receive their medications. To combat these delays, we implemented a new electronic system, which has significantly decreased all administrative steps in completing applications.
{"title":"Decreasing Medication Delays: Maximizing the Efficiency of Patient Assistance Program Applications Through an Electronic System at a Student-Run Free Clinic","authors":"Jasmine A. Liu-Zarzuela, Chelsea T. Nguyen, Dominique B. Johnson","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.1902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.1902","url":null,"abstract":"Patient outcomes are highly dependent on the accurate and timely receipt of medications. Patient assistance programs (PAPs) provide key medications to uninsured patients at little to no cost. In Texas and our county, nearly 1 in 5 people are uninsured. Approximately 3,500 uninsured patients over the past year have received care from our clinic. PAP applications require various administrative steps to obtain approval for medication assistance, resulting in delays for patients to receive their medications. To combat these delays, we implemented a new electronic system, which has significantly decreased all administrative steps in completing applications.","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135488311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Point of Care Ultrasound (PoCUS) emerged in the early 1990’s as a promising clinical and educational tool that allows for quicker diagnosis at the bedside. Our PoCUS program at Indiana University School of Medicine uniquely exposes students to training during their first weeks of medical school, with training continuing through all 4 years. Our paper demonstrates the portability and efficiency of PoCUS devices to benefit student run clinics, where vulnerable patients come to seek free medical care. Case: We report the case of a 48-year-old man presenting to our student run clinic with shortness of breath and cough. He recently immigrated from Nigeria, had no prior interaction with United States healthcare, and faced a significant language barrier. Physical examination conducted by the medical students revealed mild bibasilar crackles and 1+ pitting edema in the lower extremities. This prompted the students to suspect heart failure, and the first-year medical student used bedside ultrasound to reveal a reduced ejection fraction of approximately 15%, which resulted in expedited and escalated medical care. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates how incorporating PoCUS early into the undergraduate medical curriculum might improve patient care by expediting the diagnosis, while also enhancing student education. The use of bedside ultrasound rapidly updated the team to the severity and type of heart failure present. Therefore, the care team quickly escalated the appropriate treatment, and impressed the importance of follow up care to the patient.
{"title":"Early Point of Care Ultrasound Training in Medical Education, Making the Case with a Case Report","authors":"James Wilcox, Bret Lawson, Andrew Gauger","doi":"10.5195/ijms.2023.1719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.1719","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Point of Care Ultrasound (PoCUS) emerged in the early 1990’s as a promising clinical and educational tool that allows for quicker diagnosis at the bedside. Our PoCUS program at Indiana University School of Medicine uniquely exposes students to training during their first weeks of medical school, with training continuing through all 4 years. Our paper demonstrates the portability and efficiency of PoCUS devices to benefit student run clinics, where vulnerable patients come to seek free medical care. Case: We report the case of a 48-year-old man presenting to our student run clinic with shortness of breath and cough. He recently immigrated from Nigeria, had no prior interaction with United States healthcare, and faced a significant language barrier. Physical examination conducted by the medical students revealed mild bibasilar crackles and 1+ pitting edema in the lower extremities. This prompted the students to suspect heart failure, and the first-year medical student used bedside ultrasound to reveal a reduced ejection fraction of approximately 15%, which resulted in expedited and escalated medical care. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates how incorporating PoCUS early into the undergraduate medical curriculum might improve patient care by expediting the diagnosis, while also enhancing student education. The use of bedside ultrasound rapidly updated the team to the severity and type of heart failure present. Therefore, the care team quickly escalated the appropriate treatment, and impressed the importance of follow up care to the patient.","PeriodicalId":73459,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medical students","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135488312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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