Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5769/1510038
W. Ibrahim, Nazir Mudasir, Lone Roumissa, R. Mohd, Ali Syed Wajid, Charoo Bashir Ahmad
Background: Almost 60% of normal healthy term babies and 80% of preterm babies develop visible jaundice in the first week of life. Although the outcome of the majority is benign, newborns with untreated severe hyperbilirubinemia can develop short and long-term sequelae of bilirubin encephalopathy. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of exchange transfusion on various biochemical parameters and to assess the need for routine calcium gluconate supplementation during the procedure. Methodology: We studied 84 newborn double volume exchange transfusions and recorded various biochemical parameters of sodium, potassium, calcium, ph and blood sugar during the procedure. Mostly fresh donor blood was employed for the procedures. Nearly 74% transfusions were performed with donor blood aged less than 2 days. Results: We observed no clinically significant alteration in recorded biochemical parameters during and after exchange transfusion. Routine intravenous calcium gluconate was not given to patients during the procedure. Though we observed a fall in serum calcium level during transfusion, but the concentrations remained within normal physiological range. Insignificant variation in recorded parameters and zero mortality were attributed to mostly using fresh blood for the exchange transfusions. Conclusion: We concluded that there was no significant alteration in serum electrolytes during and after exchange transfusion. Further, in contrast to the earlier reports of higher incidence of hyperkalemia during exchange transfusion, we observed a paradoxical fall in serum potassium during and after transfusion, although within normal range.
{"title":"Impact of Double Volume Exchange Transfusion on Biochemical Parameters in Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia","authors":"W. Ibrahim, Nazir Mudasir, Lone Roumissa, R. Mohd, Ali Syed Wajid, Charoo Bashir Ahmad","doi":"10.23937/2469-5769/1510038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5769/1510038","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Almost 60% of normal healthy term babies and 80% of preterm babies develop visible jaundice in the first week of life. Although the outcome of the majority is benign, newborns with untreated severe hyperbilirubinemia can develop short and long-term sequelae of bilirubin encephalopathy. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of exchange transfusion on various biochemical parameters and to assess the need for routine calcium gluconate supplementation during the procedure. Methodology: We studied 84 newborn double volume exchange transfusions and recorded various biochemical parameters of sodium, potassium, calcium, ph and blood sugar during the procedure. Mostly fresh donor blood was employed for the procedures. Nearly 74% transfusions were performed with donor blood aged less than 2 days. Results: We observed no clinically significant alteration in recorded biochemical parameters during and after exchange transfusion. Routine intravenous calcium gluconate was not given to patients during the procedure. Though we observed a fall in serum calcium level during transfusion, but the concentrations remained within normal physiological range. Insignificant variation in recorded parameters and zero mortality were attributed to mostly using fresh blood for the exchange transfusions. Conclusion: We concluded that there was no significant alteration in serum electrolytes during and after exchange transfusion. Further, in contrast to the earlier reports of higher incidence of hyperkalemia during exchange transfusion, we observed a paradoxical fall in serum potassium during and after transfusion, although within normal range.","PeriodicalId":73466,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48645006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5769/1510044
Anokye Reindolf, Amihere Rita, Abbiaw Patience, A. Enoch, Gyamfi Naomi, B. Amy
Background: Most childhood ailments often present with fever which account for the most common reasons why parents seek medical care for their children; particularly, the under-five children. The study aimed to assess the mothers’ knowledge of fever in their under-five children and how this is managed at home. Methods: This was a descriptive designed study that used a simple random sampling technique to select 100 participants who were mothers of under-five children who presented to the Kwahu Government Hospital, Atibie over a period of six months. A structured questionnaire comprising of close-ended questions were used to collect data. Both secondary and primary data were collected and analyzed. The primary data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: The mothers described fever as hotness of body (63%), shivering (10%), child crying (8%), child being quiet (8%) and sleeping too often (10%). More than half of the respondents (57%) correctly identified the cause of fever as malaria (39%) and infections (18%). Home management of fever involved self-medications (43%), consulting herbalist (20%) as well as tepid sponging (28%) and visiting nearby hospital (62%). Mothers knowledge of childhood fever was statistically significantly associated with their age (p = 0.0001), age of the child (p = 0.04), number of children in a family (p = 0.0001), and level of education of the mothers (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Mothers described hotness of the body as fever and knew that malaria and infections causes fever among children. They consulted herbalist among other inappropriate practices in the management of fever.
{"title":"Childhood Fever Knowledge and Management: A Case of Mothers with Children under Five Years","authors":"Anokye Reindolf, Amihere Rita, Abbiaw Patience, A. Enoch, Gyamfi Naomi, B. Amy","doi":"10.23937/2469-5769/1510044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5769/1510044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most childhood ailments often present with fever which account for the most common reasons why parents seek medical care for their children; particularly, the under-five children. The study aimed to assess the mothers’ knowledge of fever in their under-five children and how this is managed at home. Methods: This was a descriptive designed study that used a simple random sampling technique to select 100 participants who were mothers of under-five children who presented to the Kwahu Government Hospital, Atibie over a period of six months. A structured questionnaire comprising of close-ended questions were used to collect data. Both secondary and primary data were collected and analyzed. The primary data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: The mothers described fever as hotness of body (63%), shivering (10%), child crying (8%), child being quiet (8%) and sleeping too often (10%). More than half of the respondents (57%) correctly identified the cause of fever as malaria (39%) and infections (18%). Home management of fever involved self-medications (43%), consulting herbalist (20%) as well as tepid sponging (28%) and visiting nearby hospital (62%). Mothers knowledge of childhood fever was statistically significantly associated with their age (p = 0.0001), age of the child (p = 0.04), number of children in a family (p = 0.0001), and level of education of the mothers (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Mothers described hotness of the body as fever and knew that malaria and infections causes fever among children. They consulted herbalist among other inappropriate practices in the management of fever.","PeriodicalId":73466,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48271190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5769/1510043
Butler Christopher J, M. Andrew
Background: Migraine is a common pediatric disorder presenting with unilateral frontal headache. Hemiplegic migraine is a rare and clinically challenging subtype of migraine with aura. There are two different subtypes of hemiplegic migraines; they can occur as either sporadic or familial forms. Recently our understanding of the genetics underlying hemiplegic migraine has rapidly evolved. Familial hemiplegic migraine has been associated with pathogenic mutations in three independent genes; CACNA1A, ATP1A2 and SCN1A. Case presentation: An 11-year-old boy presented with a sudden onset severe frontal headache with associated facial asymmetry and limb weakness on the left. A cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and an electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed which were both reported as normal. A familial hemiplegic migraine gene panel revealed a novel heterozygous mutation c.1159 G > A on exon 9 of the ATP1A2 gene. Conclusion: This case report describes a boy with typical features of hemiplegic migraine and a family history of migraine with aura. Genetic analysis revealed a previously undescribed heterozygous mutation in the ATP1A2 gene.
{"title":"A Novel ATP1A2 Mutation in Pediatric Hemiplegic Migraine","authors":"Butler Christopher J, M. Andrew","doi":"10.23937/2469-5769/1510043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5769/1510043","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Migraine is a common pediatric disorder presenting with unilateral frontal headache. Hemiplegic migraine is a rare and clinically challenging subtype of migraine with aura. There are two different subtypes of hemiplegic migraines; they can occur as either sporadic or familial forms. Recently our understanding of the genetics underlying hemiplegic migraine has rapidly evolved. Familial hemiplegic migraine has been associated with pathogenic mutations in three independent genes; CACNA1A, ATP1A2 and SCN1A. Case presentation: An 11-year-old boy presented with a sudden onset severe frontal headache with associated facial asymmetry and limb weakness on the left. A cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and an electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed which were both reported as normal. A familial hemiplegic migraine gene panel revealed a novel heterozygous mutation c.1159 G > A on exon 9 of the ATP1A2 gene. Conclusion: This case report describes a boy with typical features of hemiplegic migraine and a family history of migraine with aura. Genetic analysis revealed a previously undescribed heterozygous mutation in the ATP1A2 gene.","PeriodicalId":73466,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43732626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.23937/2469-5769/1510032
K. Derya, Y. Ismail, O. Beyhan, Oguz Fatma
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine vitamin D levels in adolescents and young medical students and to name factors that affect vitamin D levels. Materials and methods: This prospective clinical study was conducted with healthy medical students aged up to 24 years. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured; body mass index (BMI) was calculated and each participant was questioned on demographic characteristics. Blood samples for Ca, P, ALP, PTH and 25(OH)D vitamin levels were drawn after an 8-hour fast. For vitamin D levels, ≥ 30 ng/mL was considered sufficient, 21-29 mg/dL insufficient and ≤ 20 ng/mL as vitamin D deficiency. Results: Of patients in the study, 47.6% (n = 276) were female and 52.4% (n = 304) were male; the mean age was 19.2 ± 1.00 years. Only 8.8% of students (n = 51) had sufficient vitamin D levels. Some 91.2% of students had low vitamin D levels; 54.1% deficiency, 37.1% insufficiency and 14% severe vitamin D deficiency. Sex, BMI, traditional clothing, spending less time in sunny areas and physical activity status had a statistically significant relation with 25(OH)D levels. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in adolescents and young people. Female adolescents are especially at risk for vitamin D deficiency. Being female, traditional clothing style, being underweight, sun avoidance, lack of physical activity, smoking and alcohol use are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D levels should be screened in high-risk groups and low vitamin D levels must be treated.
{"title":"Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels of Adolescent and Young Medical Students","authors":"K. Derya, Y. Ismail, O. Beyhan, Oguz Fatma","doi":"10.23937/2469-5769/1510032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5769/1510032","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine vitamin D levels in adolescents and young medical students and to name factors that affect vitamin D levels. Materials and methods: This prospective clinical study was conducted with healthy medical students aged up to 24 years. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured; body mass index (BMI) was calculated and each participant was questioned on demographic characteristics. Blood samples for Ca, P, ALP, PTH and 25(OH)D vitamin levels were drawn after an 8-hour fast. For vitamin D levels, ≥ 30 ng/mL was considered sufficient, 21-29 mg/dL insufficient and ≤ 20 ng/mL as vitamin D deficiency. Results: Of patients in the study, 47.6% (n = 276) were female and 52.4% (n = 304) were male; the mean age was 19.2 ± 1.00 years. Only 8.8% of students (n = 51) had sufficient vitamin D levels. Some 91.2% of students had low vitamin D levels; 54.1% deficiency, 37.1% insufficiency and 14% severe vitamin D deficiency. Sex, BMI, traditional clothing, spending less time in sunny areas and physical activity status had a statistically significant relation with 25(OH)D levels. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in adolescents and young people. Female adolescents are especially at risk for vitamin D deficiency. Being female, traditional clothing style, being underweight, sun avoidance, lack of physical activity, smoking and alcohol use are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D levels should be screened in high-risk groups and low vitamin D levels must be treated.","PeriodicalId":73466,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46103619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.23937/2469-5769/1510034
Oliveira Livia Roberta Piedade De, Souza Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro De, M. Carla
Merosine Deficient Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (MDCMN) is a rare subtype of Muscular Dystrophy and it is defined as generalized hypotonic muscular syndrome. This case report aimed to describe the oral status of a six-yearold girl with MDCMN. The family’s and child’s chief complaint was bad breath. The child, who presented normal intelligence, had physical disability with mobility impairment and so, used wheelchair. Her feeding was done mostly through gastric feed tube, however, the child used to eat soft food, liquids and some candies by mouth. The extraoral examination showed facial hypotonic muscles, inadequate labial sealing and bimaxillary discrepancies. While the intraoral exam revealed mixed dentition with infraocclusion of both second primary molars and class III molar occlusion. Although the child was caries-free, her oral hygiene was deficient and dental calculus were observed on the lower teeth. In addition, the intrusion of the right upper primary canine. Radiographic findings included agenesis of the lower second premolar bud. Mechanical debridation, prophylaxis and fluoride application were performed. Besides, both mother and child were instructed and motivated in relation to oral hygiene (tongue scrapping) and diet, in order to minimize halitosis. Muscular Dystrophy brings to the patients several complications, including oral manifestations. Thus, oral health plays an important role and the dentist needs to pay attention, in order to contribute the improvement of the quality of life of these patients.
{"title":"Oral Status of a Pediatric Patient with Merosine Negative Congenital Muscular Dystrophy","authors":"Oliveira Livia Roberta Piedade De, Souza Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro De, M. Carla","doi":"10.23937/2469-5769/1510034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5769/1510034","url":null,"abstract":"Merosine Deficient Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (MDCMN) is a rare subtype of Muscular Dystrophy and it is defined as generalized hypotonic muscular syndrome. This case report aimed to describe the oral status of a six-yearold girl with MDCMN. The family’s and child’s chief complaint was bad breath. The child, who presented normal intelligence, had physical disability with mobility impairment and so, used wheelchair. Her feeding was done mostly through gastric feed tube, however, the child used to eat soft food, liquids and some candies by mouth. The extraoral examination showed facial hypotonic muscles, inadequate labial sealing and bimaxillary discrepancies. While the intraoral exam revealed mixed dentition with infraocclusion of both second primary molars and class III molar occlusion. Although the child was caries-free, her oral hygiene was deficient and dental calculus were observed on the lower teeth. In addition, the intrusion of the right upper primary canine. Radiographic findings included agenesis of the lower second premolar bud. Mechanical debridation, prophylaxis and fluoride application were performed. Besides, both mother and child were instructed and motivated in relation to oral hygiene (tongue scrapping) and diet, in order to minimize halitosis. Muscular Dystrophy brings to the patients several complications, including oral manifestations. Thus, oral health plays an important role and the dentist needs to pay attention, in order to contribute the improvement of the quality of life of these patients.","PeriodicalId":73466,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42897547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：