Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID最新文献

Background: The people with Down syndrome who are now adolescents can face a self-report questionnaire with guarantees of being answered with validity to evaluate areas of development that traditionally have not been able to be evaluated. This is the case of emotional intelligence, measured in this research with the Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version-EQ-i:YV.

Aims: To validate and analyse the scale's psychometric properties in adolescents with Down syndrome.

Methods: A two-stage cross-sectional investigation was conducted. The inventory consists of 60 items that measure 5 dimensions. The test was administered to 644 adolescents with Down syndrome. We carried out exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.

Outcomes: The 5-factor structure of the test was confirmed. The internal consistency of four dimensions and the EQ-i:YV's total calculated score yielded high values.

Conclusions: This new version of the EQ-i:YV represents a valid and reliable tool to assess emotional intelligence in Spanish adolescents with Down syndrome.

Background: As life expectancy for people with an intellectual disability increases, there is a growing cohort of older father carers. This study aimed to gain a more in-depth understanding of older father carers' experiences of parenting.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 older fathers (M = 63.9 years) and analysed using constructivist grounded theory.

Results: Three conceptual categories were identified. "Wearing different hats: how fathers' sense of identity had altered over the years. "Family comes first": importance placed on the family unit. "Getting on in years": the challenges faced by ageing fathers parenting their son/daughter.

Conclusions: Fathers re-evaluated their priorities and found a new identity in their parenting role, although they continued to see themselves as secondary carers. Fathers worried about the future as their health declined but drew strength from the benefits they had derived and the challenges that they had overcome to do their best for their son/daughter and their family.

Background: Increasing the societal participation of people with intellectual disabilities via competitive employment requires a full understanding of what this means to them. This paper aims to provide an in-depth examination of the lived experiences of people with intellectual disabilities in competitive employment.

Method: Interviews were conducted with six participants with mild intellectual disability or borderline functioning and good verbal communication skills. Interviews were analysed according to the guidelines of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Member checks were conducted.

Results: Analysis yielded three main themes: (a) Building on my life experiences, (b) My place at work and (c) Being a valuable member of society, like everyone else.

Conclusions: Competitive employment could make a substantial contribution to the sense of belonging to society and quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. Nevertheless, they must cope with stigma-related obstacles and feelings of being dependent on others in the work environment.

Background: The Work Support Profile (WSP) is a brief assessment instrument that enables staff supporting adults with disabilities to provide calibrated and individualized support for specific work tasks. This paper sought to examine the psychometric properties of WSP for people with disabilities.

Method: A pilot study was conducted with 239 sheltered workshop employees diagnosed mainly with intellectual disability to explore the structure of this assessment tool, and provide initial evidence of its psychometric properties. Subsequently, a larger-scale study captured a nationwide profile of 761 sheltered workshop employees with intellectual disability.

Results: Across both studies, factor analyses yielded a conceptually acceptable 5-factor structure with 33 items accounting for approximately 65% of the variance. Furthermore, the reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of WSP can be considered adequate.

Conclusion: Results provide preliminary evidence that WSP is a psychometrically adequate tool for assessing the work support needs of adults with disabilities on given work tasks.

Background: Future planning has emerged as a global issue for families of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities due to the longer lives and limited long-term services and supports in the adult disability system. While it has received greater attention, most future planning studies only included parents of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities within the context of European or American countries. The purpose of this study was to examine future planning among siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in South Korea.

Method: In this study, 185 Korean siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities responded to a survey.

Results: Few siblings engaged in future planning activities and reported a range of barriers to conduct future planning. Further, greater future planning involvement was associated with older siblings, greater advocacy level and greater sibling caregiving.

Conclusion: For future research, culturally relevant measures and intervention should be addressed.

Background: Within the context of the Special Interest Research Group (SIRG) on Persons with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities (PIMD), researchers often discuss the methodological problems and challenges they are confronted with. The aim of the current article was to give an overview of these challenges.

Methods: The challenges are centred on six topics. These reflect the main components of a study's design: (a) participant demarcation, (b) participant recruitment, (c) data collection and instruments, (d) data analysis, (e) ethics/including the "voice" of persons with PIMD and (f) theoretical models.

Results: Next, to describing the specific challenges, possible solutions and pathways to address them are discussed. These are illustrated by recent studies by the authors and other researchers in the field.

Conclusions: The current contribution wants to stimulate further discussion and exchange of ideas, and the development of creative research techniques.

Background: We investigated the effects of the "Care for Participation+" (CFP+) intervention on direct support professionals' (DSPs') attitudes regarding the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities (VSPID).

Methods: We implemented a pilot non-randomized controlled trial with two control groups to compare DSPs' attitudes towards CFP+ using the Attitudes towards Participation Questionnaire (APQ) and DSPs' written profiles of adults with VSPID.

Results: CPP+ and the Participation Mind Map control group showed a positive trend for the "leisure/recreation," "social relations," and "ability to act" APQ domains compared to the usual care control group. The CFP+ group described significantly fewer disabilities at 6 months, reflecting a more positive attitude than controls.

Conclusion: CFP+ had positive effects on DSPs' attitudes towards the participation of adults with VSPID. The small sample size, ceiling effects, measurement instruments used, and implementation difficulties may have hampered understanding the full potential of CFP+.

Introduction: Children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities participate in low levels of physical activity and have a greater reliance on their parents to provide activity opportunities. This study explored parents' experiences of promoting physical activity for their child with intellectual disabilities.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight parents of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Interviews were independently coded and analysed by two researchers using thematic analysis.

Results: Four themes and nine subthemes were identified. Overall, parents had positive views of physical activity. However, parents face numerous barriers that limit their ability to promote physical activity for their child with intellectual disabilities.

Conclusions: Parents experience high levels of exclusion and stigma that negatively affect their promotion of physical activity for their child with intellectual disabilities. Overcoming the barriers faced by parents could therefore be an indirect method to increase physical activity in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

Background: the present authors examined changes made in disability service organizations supporting residents with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviours, because these changes may influence residents' support and subsequently their challenging behaviours.

Method: In this multiple case study, the present authors collected and qualitatively analysed data (organizational documents, meetings records and focus group reports) on organizational changes made in two specialized Dutch disability service organizations, using ecological theory as a sensitizing framework and the constant comparative method.

Results: Themes describing organizational changes in this context were as follows: a messy start to the transition; staff, professionals and managers remain at a distance; staff members' ability to change; clear boundaries between formal and informal caregivers; and staff's feelings of being unheard.

Conclusions: Organizational changes can enhance, but also limit, the quality of residential support services provided to people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviours. The change process and impact of organizational changes on residents must be examined closely.

Background: People with intellectual disabilities are at increased risk of forced marriage compared to those without intellectual disabilities. In the UK, this risk is particularly, though not exclusively, associated with South Asian communities and is linked to the desire to secure long-term care.

Method: Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were undertaken with South Asian parents and family carers (n = 22) of adults with intellectual disability and the resultant data thematically analysed.

Results: Although securing care for their intellectually disabled relative was identified as a key motivator for forced marriage, other important themes also emerged. These included cultural and religious beliefs about disability and marriage, and limited understanding of relevant laws. Factors militating against forced marriage were also identified, including fears of abuse and neglect.

Conclusions: Implications for the provision of services and the need for improved access to information on forced marriage of people with intellectual disabilities are highlighted.