Pub Date : 2016-02-11DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000198
Y. Alomi, H. Almudaiheem, A. Alsharfa, H. Albassri, K. Alonizi, M. Alothaian, M. Alreshidi, T. Alzahrani
Objective: National drug information center (NDIC) has started providing services since January 2013, and answering public and professional inquiries through MOH-Hotline Calling Services (937) since December 2013. The objective of this study to explore the analysis of national drug information inquiries by the hotline services in Saudi Arabia. Method: Simulation including all 12-month 2014 of receiving adults and pediatrics drug information inquiries; through MOH-hotline calling services (937). Ten on-call clinical pharmacists and expert trained pharmacists were receiving calls from public and professional asking about drug information, through manual documentation system of drug information inquiries by drug information data collecting form. Results: The total number answered calls were 976 calls through the entire study period. Of them, 264 (27%) calls were documented. The question most asked was on dose standardization (27%) followed by drug Administration (15.3%). Medications were the most asked about (83.3%). Antibacterial was the most frequent question (19.80%) followed by Vitamins and supplements (11.68%) then antidiabetic by (4.87%). Conclusion: National drug information center was providing new first-time hotline services by answering drug information inquiries from professional and public. Targeting to educate professional and public about drug therapy of common diseases will decrease drug related problems. Expanding drug information hotline services with electronic documentation, expansion of clinical pharmacist with advanced training will improve patient outcomes and avoid the unnecessary cost.
{"title":"National Drug Information Center Services through Ministry of Health Hotline Calling Center (937) in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Y. Alomi, H. Almudaiheem, A. Alsharfa, H. Albassri, K. Alonizi, M. Alothaian, M. Alreshidi, T. Alzahrani","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000198","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: National drug information center (NDIC) has started providing services since January 2013, and answering public and professional inquiries through MOH-Hotline Calling Services (937) since December 2013. The objective of this study to explore the analysis of national drug information inquiries by the hotline services in Saudi Arabia. \u0000Method: Simulation including all 12-month 2014 of receiving adults and pediatrics drug information inquiries; through MOH-hotline calling services (937). Ten on-call clinical pharmacists and expert trained pharmacists were receiving calls from public and professional asking about drug information, through manual documentation system of drug information inquiries by drug information data collecting form. \u0000Results: The total number answered calls were 976 calls through the entire study period. Of them, 264 (27%) calls were documented. The question most asked was on dose standardization (27%) followed by drug Administration (15.3%). Medications were the most asked about (83.3%). Antibacterial was the most frequent question (19.80%) followed by Vitamins and supplements (11.68%) then antidiabetic by (4.87%). \u0000Conclusion: National drug information center was providing new first-time hotline services by answering drug information inquiries from professional and public. Targeting to educate professional and public about drug therapy of common diseases will decrease drug related problems. Expanding drug information hotline services with electronic documentation, expansion of clinical pharmacist with advanced training will improve patient outcomes and avoid the unnecessary cost.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90064793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-12DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000E139
J. Patil
Antimicrobial agents are the substances, used to kills or inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in living things. Several antimicrobial therapeutic agents have been exploited to treat infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. These agents differ in their physicochemical, pharmacological properties and in their mechanisms of action. Typically, antimicrobials agents kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria by binding to some significant components of bacterial metabolism, and thereby alter the functional bimolecular synthesis or normal cellular activities. The successful antibacterial therapies necessitate presence of antibacterial agent at its target site and interfere with bacterial functions with an adequate effective concentration to achieve a desired result without producing the toxic effects [1].
{"title":"Significance of Particulate Drug Delivery System in Anti-microbial Therapy","authors":"J. Patil","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000E139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000E139","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial agents are the substances, used to kills or inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in living things. Several antimicrobial therapeutic agents have been exploited to treat infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. These agents differ in their physicochemical, pharmacological properties and in their mechanisms of action. Typically, antimicrobials agents kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria by binding to some significant components of bacterial metabolism, and thereby alter the functional bimolecular synthesis or normal cellular activities. The successful antibacterial therapies necessitate presence of antibacterial agent at its target site and interfere with bacterial functions with an adequate effective concentration to achieve a desired result without producing the toxic effects [1].","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75335819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-11DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000E140
A. Ya
{"title":"National Drug Information Center Program at Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. Ya","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000E140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000E140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84447636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-08DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000E138
D. Lu, Chen Eh, Tingren Lu, Hong-ying Wu, J. Ding
Most cancer therapies are seldom effective by using single anticancer drug therapeutics based on multiple tumor genetic alterations and molecular abnormalities. Drug combinations are commonly practiced in clinics. Yet, anticancer drug combination utilities need to transform from empirical to science-guided enterprises. This editorial offers the background knowledge of drug combination therapies by mathematical enquiry.
{"title":"Anticancer Drug Combinations, Studies for All Possibilities","authors":"D. Lu, Chen Eh, Tingren Lu, Hong-ying Wu, J. Ding","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000E138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000E138","url":null,"abstract":"Most cancer therapies are seldom effective by using single anticancer drug therapeutics based on multiple tumor genetic alterations and molecular abnormalities. Drug combinations are commonly practiced in clinics. Yet, anticancer drug combination utilities need to transform from empirical to science-guided enterprises. This editorial offers the background knowledge of drug combination therapies by mathematical enquiry.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82921563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000209
Batisse Anne
Background: Sex under the influence of drugs is widely known to be associated with high-risk of sexually transmitted disease. However, the impact of psychoactive substances (PAS) on the sexuality of MSM is rarely considered. To describe the pattern of drug use among substance-using men who have sex with men (SUMSM) and its association with sexual practice. Methods: A self-report anonymous form was administered to SUMSM in addictology department or on web site during six month in 2014. Respondents reported demographic characteristics and indicated which PAS they had used, and the effects sought on the sexual level. Results: 228 SUMSM answered, with mean age of 39 ± 13 years, integrate socially (74%), and having sex with multiple partners in 35% of cases. Most study participants (45%) reported HIV positive status. First time drug use was linked to sexual pleasure (51%). The most used substances are volatile alkyl nitrites (72%), cocaine (60%), and ecstasy (48%), with alcohol association in 58% and sildenafil in 43% of cases. In 54%, subjects report substancerelated disorder. The take-part of PAS in sexuality and weight of MSM identity have discussed. Conclusion: Harm reduction policy needs specific MSM interventions on both the issues of risky sexual behaviour and drug use.
{"title":"\"Sex and Drugs\" in Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men in France","authors":"Batisse Anne","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000209","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sex under the influence of drugs is widely known to be associated with high-risk of sexually transmitted disease. However, the impact of psychoactive substances (PAS) on the sexuality of MSM is rarely considered. To describe the pattern of drug use among substance-using men who have sex with men (SUMSM) and its association with sexual practice. Methods: A self-report anonymous form was administered to SUMSM in addictology department or on web site during six month in 2014. Respondents reported demographic characteristics and indicated which PAS they had used, and the effects sought on the sexual level. Results: 228 SUMSM answered, with mean age of 39 ± 13 years, integrate socially (74%), and having sex with multiple partners in 35% of cases. Most study participants (45%) reported HIV positive status. First time drug use was linked to sexual pleasure (51%). The most used substances are volatile alkyl nitrites (72%), cocaine (60%), and ecstasy (48%), with alcohol association in 58% and sildenafil in 43% of cases. In 54%, subjects report substancerelated disorder. The take-part of PAS in sexuality and weight of MSM identity have discussed. Conclusion: Harm reduction policy needs specific MSM interventions on both the issues of risky sexual behaviour and drug use.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90318856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000197
I. Kaur, Kalaiselvan, R. Kumar, P. Mishra, A. Kumari, G. Singh
Background: Pharmacist is the very important link between the healthcare provider and patient. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the reporting by pharmacist in Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI). Method: Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) submitted by pharmacists spontaneously to the NCC-PvPI were extracted from the data base of July 2011 to December 2014. We analyzed these reports for patients Sex, Age and Seriousness of the reactions, etc. Results: Out of 1,10,000 ICSRs in the database 16646 ICSRs were reported by Pharmacists. 3782 reports were serious and 9601 reports were non serious and 1979 reports were of unknown criteria. Conclusion: The pharmacist can help in buildup of an effective Pharmacovigilance system not only in India but throughout the world.
{"title":"Effective Reporting by Pharmacist in Pharmacovigilance Programme of India","authors":"I. Kaur, Kalaiselvan, R. Kumar, P. Mishra, A. Kumari, G. Singh","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000197","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacist is the very important link between the healthcare provider and patient. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the reporting by pharmacist in Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI). \u0000Method: Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) submitted by pharmacists spontaneously to the NCC-PvPI were extracted from the data base of July 2011 to December 2014. We analyzed these reports for patients Sex, Age and Seriousness of the reactions, etc. \u0000Results: Out of 1,10,000 ICSRs in the database 16646 ICSRs were reported by Pharmacists. 3782 reports were serious and 9601 reports were non serious and 1979 reports were of unknown criteria. \u0000Conclusion: The pharmacist can help in buildup of an effective Pharmacovigilance system not only in India but throughout the world.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"134 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77399472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000195
J. Leblond, M. Beauchesne, F. Bernier, L. Lanthier, Garant Mp, L. Blais, Frédéric Grondin Rn
Background: Insulin is commonly prescribed to treat hyperglycemia in the hospital setting, but is associated with a risk of hypoglycemia. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence rate and risk factors for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients receiving insulin. Method: Retrospective cohort study analysing 58,496 patient-days of insulin exposure from 7780 hospitalizations of 5537 adult subjects at a teaching hospital between July 2009 and June 2011. The incidence rate of hypoglycemia (glycemia ≤ 3.9 mmol/L) and hyperglycemia (glycemia >16.7 mmol/L) were evaluated. Glycemia was measured by point-of-care blood-glucose. The association between risk factors and hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia events was determined using a Cox model. Results: The incidence rates for days with hypoglycemia were 11.1 per 100 patient-days for subcutaneous (s.c.) insulin and 10.4 per 100 patient-days for continuous intravenous insulin (CII). The incidence rates for days with hyperglycemia were 10.2 and 4.6 per 100 patient-days for s.c. insulin and CII, respectively. Clinically relevant risk factors associated with hypoglycemia for subjects on s.c. insulin were: creatinine clearance ≤ 60 mL/min: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.14 [95% CI: 1.03-1.27]; surgery: HR 1.23 [95% CI: 1.04-1.46]; and diabetes: HR 1.79 [95% CI: 1.44-2.23]. For hyperglycemia, the risk factors were diabetes: HR 5.10 [95% CI: 3.65-7.12]; use of systemic corticosteroids: HR 2.13 [95% CI: 1.90-2.38]; and prescription of scheduled with sliding scale insulin: HR 1.89 [95% CI: 1.62-2.21]. ] Conclusion: The identified risk factors indicate areas for targeted improvement initiatives for glycemic control and should help reduce the rate of hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events, thereby decreasing the occurrence of adverse outcomes.
{"title":"Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Patients Receiving Insulin","authors":"J. Leblond, M. Beauchesne, F. Bernier, L. Lanthier, Garant Mp, L. Blais, Frédéric Grondin Rn","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000195","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Insulin is commonly prescribed to treat hyperglycemia in the hospital setting, but is associated with a risk of hypoglycemia. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence rate and risk factors for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients receiving insulin. \u0000Method: Retrospective cohort study analysing 58,496 patient-days of insulin exposure from 7780 hospitalizations of 5537 adult subjects at a teaching hospital between July 2009 and June 2011. The incidence rate of hypoglycemia (glycemia ≤ 3.9 mmol/L) and hyperglycemia (glycemia >16.7 mmol/L) were evaluated. Glycemia was measured by point-of-care blood-glucose. The association between risk factors and hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia events was determined using a Cox model. \u0000Results: The incidence rates for days with hypoglycemia were 11.1 per 100 patient-days for subcutaneous (s.c.) insulin and 10.4 per 100 patient-days for continuous intravenous insulin (CII). The incidence rates for days with hyperglycemia were 10.2 and 4.6 per 100 patient-days for s.c. insulin and CII, respectively. Clinically relevant risk factors associated with hypoglycemia for subjects on s.c. insulin were: creatinine clearance ≤ 60 mL/min: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.14 [95% CI: 1.03-1.27]; surgery: HR 1.23 [95% CI: 1.04-1.46]; and diabetes: HR 1.79 [95% CI: 1.44-2.23]. For hyperglycemia, the risk factors were diabetes: HR 5.10 [95% CI: 3.65-7.12]; use of systemic corticosteroids: HR 2.13 [95% CI: 1.90-2.38]; and prescription of scheduled with sliding scale insulin: HR 1.89 [95% CI: 1.62-2.21]. ] \u0000Conclusion: The identified risk factors indicate areas for targeted improvement initiatives for glycemic control and should help reduce the rate of hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events, thereby decreasing the occurrence of adverse outcomes.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"129 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73762634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000196
M. Shawaqfeh, M. M. Bhinder, Amin Saleh Halum, C. Harrington, S. Muflih, T. Do
Canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, was recently approved in United States for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with diet and exercise. Two strengths were approved, 100 mg and 300 mg. The US label warns of a dose-dependent increase in volume depletion-related adverse reactions on the 300 mg dose. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the dose response of canaglifozin on safety and tolerability outcomes. A search was performed through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for clinical trials comparing canagliflozin with placebo or active controls. Keywords include canagliflozin, and meta-analysis. Reference lists of relevant articles were also used as sources. Two reviewers extracted data and evaluated pertinent studies. Study characteristics, safety outcomes of interest, and risk of bias were collected, verified and further analyzed. Canagliflozin was studied as monotherapy in 2 trials (n=270) and as an add-on therapy in 10 studies (n=2525). Ten of the studies were included in the analysis of selected safety outcomes. Length of intervention ranged from 12 to 52 weeks. All studies were randomized, comparative to either placebo or active controls. Canagliflozin treatment, , increased the risk of vulvovaginal mycotic infection (RR 4.11; CI 3.01-5.60; P<0.01), pollakiuria (RR 2.89, CI 1.84- 4.53), polyuria (RR 3.87; CI 1.66-9.05), hypoglycemia (RR 1.22; CI 1.10-1.35) and hypovolemia (RR 2.04; CI 1.13- 3.68). There were no significant dose responses among observed safety outcomes with the exception of genital infections (RR 4.12; CI 2.47-6.87). Additionally, the canagliflozin treatment group experienced a 24% reduction in serious adverse events when compared to controls (RR 0.76; 0.62-0.93; P<0.01). This meta-analysis did not show a dose response effect of canaglifozin on treatment emergent adverse events in type 2 diabetics.
{"title":"Adverse Drug Events Related to Canagliflozin: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials","authors":"M. Shawaqfeh, M. M. Bhinder, Amin Saleh Halum, C. Harrington, S. Muflih, T. Do","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000196","url":null,"abstract":"Canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, was recently approved in United States for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with diet and exercise. Two strengths were approved, 100 mg and 300 mg. The US label warns of a dose-dependent increase in volume depletion-related adverse reactions on the 300 mg dose. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the dose response of canaglifozin on safety and tolerability outcomes. \u0000A search was performed through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for clinical trials comparing canagliflozin with placebo or active controls. Keywords include canagliflozin, and meta-analysis. Reference lists of relevant articles were also used as sources. Two reviewers extracted data and evaluated pertinent studies. Study characteristics, safety outcomes of interest, and risk of bias were collected, verified and further analyzed. Canagliflozin was studied as monotherapy in 2 trials (n=270) and as an add-on therapy in 10 studies (n=2525). Ten of the studies were included in the analysis of selected safety outcomes. Length of intervention ranged from 12 to 52 weeks. All studies were randomized, comparative to either placebo or active controls. Canagliflozin treatment, , increased the risk of vulvovaginal mycotic infection (RR 4.11; CI 3.01-5.60; P<0.01), pollakiuria (RR 2.89, CI 1.84- 4.53), polyuria (RR 3.87; CI 1.66-9.05), hypoglycemia (RR 1.22; CI 1.10-1.35) and hypovolemia (RR 2.04; CI 1.13- 3.68). There were no significant dose responses among observed safety outcomes with the exception of genital infections (RR 4.12; CI 2.47-6.87). Additionally, the canagliflozin treatment group experienced a 24% reduction in serious adverse events when compared to controls (RR 0.76; 0.62-0.93; P<0.01). \u0000This meta-analysis did not show a dose response effect of canaglifozin on treatment emergent adverse events in type 2 diabetics.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83070109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-16DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000194
L. Oliveira, Z. Santos
Introduction: Psychopharmacological treatment is an important tool of the multidimensional approach in oncologic setting but cancer patient´s susceptibility to drug-drug interactions may pose them at risk. Objective: To describe the use of psychotropic in patients referred to a psycho-oncology unit and to point out potential and clinical relevant drug-drug interactions in this context. Methods: Descriptive study of a sample of patients referred for the first time to the Psycho-Oncology Unit of Coimbra University Hospital Centre, between April and December 2013. A retrospective collection of the sociodemographic, clinical and prescription data was made by consulting clinical processes. Results: From the sample of 110 patients, 51,8% of the patients were already taking some psychotropic drug and 91,9% were on antineoplastic medication at the time of the psycho-oncology appointment. Among the psychotropic medication, almost all were benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Psychotropic can cause potential interactions with antineoplastic medication administered in cancer patients. Some pharmacological agents have more potential to cause drug-drug interactions. Conclusions: Prescription of psychotropic medication by the oncological team is common and cancer patients usually take several drugs at the same time. This study outlines the importance of promoting scientific research on drug-drug interactions in psycho-oncology and a closer collaboration between oncology and psychiatry in order to reduce the risk of drug-drug Interactions, to increase its awareness and to adequately prescribe a psychopharmacologic treatment for each patient.
{"title":"Use of Psychotropics and Drug-Drug Interactions in Oncology: Reflectionsfrom a Study in a Portuguese Psycho-Oncology Unit","authors":"L. Oliveira, Z. Santos","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000194","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Psychopharmacological treatment is an important tool of the multidimensional approach in \u0000oncologic setting but cancer patient´s susceptibility to drug-drug interactions may pose them at risk. \u0000Objective: To describe the use of psychotropic in patients referred to a psycho-oncology unit and to point out potential and clinical relevant drug-drug interactions in this context. \u0000Methods: Descriptive study of a sample of patients referred for the first time to the Psycho-Oncology Unit of Coimbra University Hospital Centre, between April and December 2013. A retrospective collection of the sociodemographic, clinical and prescription data was made by consulting clinical processes. \u0000Results: From the sample of 110 patients, 51,8% of the patients were already taking some psychotropic drug and 91,9% were on antineoplastic medication at the time of the psycho-oncology appointment. Among the psychotropic medication, almost all were benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Psychotropic can cause potential interactions with antineoplastic medication administered in cancer patients. Some pharmacological agents have more potential to cause drug-drug interactions. \u0000Conclusions: Prescription of psychotropic medication by the oncological team is common and cancer \u0000patients usually take several drugs at the same time. This study outlines the importance of promoting scientific research on drug-drug interactions in psycho-oncology and a closer collaboration between oncology and psychiatry in order to reduce the risk of drug-drug Interactions, to increase its awareness and to adequately prescribe a psychopharmacologic treatment for each patient.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89040097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-14DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000E137
Patil Js
Tuberculosis (TB), is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and affects primarily the lungs and also can spread to other organs. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an aerobic pathogenic bacterium that causes its infection usually in the lungs, but can also affect other organs of the body [1-4]. TB still represents a worldwide health threat with million new cases every year [5-7]. For this peculiar reason the first-line effective drugs presently available in market date back to several decades ago. The current drug resistant bacterial strains necessitated the invention for new anti-tubercular agents on urgent base [8-10]. Four first-line oral drugs viz., rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethombutol together are recommended for the minimum of two months therapy among nearly 6 month treatment of TB. Rifampicin and isoniazid are recommended for subsequent 4 months. Isoniazid is the most important and oldest anti-tubercular agent targets the biosynthesis of mycolic acids, basic constituent of the bacterial cell wall. Treatment of TB with these four first-line drugs leads to increased mortality and induce resistance. Multidrug resistant patients have to use second and third-line anti-tubercular agents, which are not affordable, less effective and more toxic than the firstline drugs. In this context, new anti-tubercular agents, as well as novel cellular targets, are the urgent need of the day to handle the spreading of TB worldwide as well as drug resistance. During the last few years, there have been many new anti-tubercular molecules are in preclinical and clinical trials.
{"title":"Novel Tubercular Therapeutic Agents: Need of the Day","authors":"Patil Js","doi":"10.4172/2167-1052.1000E137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1052.1000E137","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB), is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and affects primarily the lungs and also can spread to other organs. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an aerobic pathogenic bacterium that causes its infection usually in the lungs, but can also affect other organs of the body [1-4]. TB still represents a worldwide health threat with million new cases every year [5-7]. For this peculiar reason the first-line effective drugs presently available in market date back to several decades ago. The current drug resistant bacterial strains necessitated the invention for new anti-tubercular agents on urgent base [8-10]. Four first-line oral drugs viz., rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethombutol together are recommended for the minimum of two months therapy among nearly 6 month treatment of TB. Rifampicin and isoniazid are recommended for subsequent 4 months. Isoniazid is the most important and oldest anti-tubercular agent targets the biosynthesis of mycolic acids, basic constituent of the bacterial cell wall. Treatment of TB with these four first-line drugs leads to increased mortality and induce resistance. Multidrug resistant patients have to use second and third-line anti-tubercular agents, which are not affordable, less effective and more toxic than the firstline drugs. In this context, new anti-tubercular agents, as well as novel cellular targets, are the urgent need of the day to handle the spreading of TB worldwide as well as drug resistance. During the last few years, there have been many new anti-tubercular molecules are in preclinical and clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":7385,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83077556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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