The term spina includes several types of congenital malformations including closed spinal dysraphisms, among these 10% are dermal sinuses.Our series includes 29 patients, the majority of which were asymptomatic, but these can present with different clinical pictures including neurological and / or infectious signs indicating a neglected dermal sinus and which therefore requires urgent treatment in the environment. Neurosurgical.MRI confirmed the diagnosis showing the dermal sinus tract communicating from the surface of the skin to the intra-dural space.Once the diagnosis has been made, surgical treatment becomes imperative and urgent because, despite the benignity of the lesion, the majority of which are located in the lumbar region, can lead to formidable neurological sequelae compromising the functional prognosis or even the vital prognosis in some cases.All of our patients were operated on and we obtained 90% good results, however we deplore one case of aggravation and one death.
{"title":"The Dermal Sinus: About 29 Cases and Review of the Literature","authors":"F. Bouchenaki","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/226","url":null,"abstract":"The term spina includes several types of congenital malformations including closed spinal dysraphisms, among these 10% are dermal sinuses.Our series includes 29 patients, the majority of which were asymptomatic, but these can present with different clinical pictures including neurological and / or infectious signs indicating a neglected dermal sinus and which therefore requires urgent treatment in the environment. Neurosurgical.MRI confirmed the diagnosis showing the dermal sinus tract communicating from the surface of the skin to the intra-dural space.Once the diagnosis has been made, surgical treatment becomes imperative and urgent because, despite the benignity of the lesion, the majority of which are located in the lumbar region, can lead to formidable neurological sequelae compromising the functional prognosis or even the vital prognosis in some cases.All of our patients were operated on and we obtained 90% good results, however we deplore one case of aggravation and one death.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48827703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Choroid plexus papillomas are rare neuroepithelial tumors found primarily in children. It represents less than 1% of all central nervous system tumors. Materials and methods: A retrospective study including 14 patients with choroid plexus papilloma tumors were performed at the Neurosurgery Department in Ait IDDIR Health Hospital Establishment between January 2010 and December 2017. In each case, diagnosis was made clinically and confirmed radiologically and histo-pathologically. All patients were operated. Results and discussion: The mean age was 26 years (ranged 3 months –48 years) .In our department, we grouped together 14 cases of choroid plexus papilloma tumors. For mortality we had one case who died during surgery, survival rate for 04 years is 100% .We had not recurrence during the study period.All patients had intracranial hypertension (HIC) without neurological deficit and benefited from brain CT, MRI and an Angiography. The location of the tumor was: Lateral ventricle, Fourth ventricle, Third ventricle. All patients underwent surgical excision with or without ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Conclusion: Choroid plexus papillomas are rare neuroepithelial tumors, typically considered benign lesions, derived from the choroid plexus and appear like cauliflower.
{"title":"Management of Choroid Plexus Papillomas","authors":"K. Badache","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/225","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Choroid plexus papillomas are rare neuroepithelial tumors found primarily in children. It represents less than 1% of all central nervous system tumors. Materials and methods: A retrospective study including 14 patients with choroid plexus papilloma tumors were performed at the Neurosurgery Department in Ait IDDIR Health Hospital Establishment between January 2010 and December 2017. In each case, diagnosis was made clinically and confirmed radiologically and histo-pathologically. All patients were operated. Results and discussion: The mean age was 26 years (ranged 3 months –48 years) .In our department, we grouped together 14 cases of choroid plexus papilloma tumors. For mortality we had one case who died during surgery, survival rate for 04 years is 100% .We had not recurrence during the study period.All patients had intracranial hypertension (HIC) without neurological deficit and benefited from brain CT, MRI and an Angiography. The location of the tumor was: Lateral ventricle, Fourth ventricle, Third ventricle. All patients underwent surgical excision with or without ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Conclusion: Choroid plexus papillomas are rare neuroepithelial tumors, typically considered benign lesions, derived from the choroid plexus and appear like cauliflower.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45802443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angiosarcomas also called hemangioendothelia, are rare and highly malignant vascular tumors of mesodermal origin, they represent 08-10% of cancers and can affect any part of the body.Angiosarcoma mainly affects the skin, the face is the preferred topography in adults, it remains exceptional in children, with a predilection for the mediastinum and pericardium,The angiogenesis of angiosarcomas is still poorly understood; However, chronic lymphedema and exposure to prolonged radiotherapy are blamed. Total surgical excision is the treatment of choice in localized forms, followed by chemotherapy. pre- and post-operative radiotherapy may be necessary.New studies have shown the effectiveness of beta blockers (propranolol) in the management of angiosarcomas.The prognosis depends on the age of the patient, the size of the tumor, the histological grade and the extent of tumor progression.
{"title":"Angiosarcoma of the Scalp: A Case Report","authors":"Bekralas H","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/227","url":null,"abstract":"Angiosarcomas also called hemangioendothelia, are rare and highly malignant vascular tumors of mesodermal origin, they represent 08-10% of cancers and can affect any part of the body.Angiosarcoma mainly affects the skin, the face is the preferred topography in adults, it remains exceptional in children, with a predilection for the mediastinum and pericardium,The angiogenesis of angiosarcomas is still poorly understood; However, chronic lymphedema and exposure to prolonged radiotherapy are blamed. Total surgical excision is the treatment of choice in localized forms, followed by chemotherapy. pre- and post-operative radiotherapy may be necessary.New studies have shown the effectiveness of beta blockers (propranolol) in the management of angiosarcomas.The prognosis depends on the age of the patient, the size of the tumor, the histological grade and the extent of tumor progression.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43612667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Currently, photon therapy is mainly used for radiotherapy, however, the long-term side effects of photon therapy are sometimes reported, especially in children, including cognitive decline, mental decline, growth retardation, endocrine dysfunction and secondary tumor.Compared with photon radiotherapy, proton therapy is a novel method of radiation therapy, which reduces acute and late radiation damage and improves patients’ quality of life. Therefore, we evaluated proton therapy on medulloblastoma patients by meta-analysis in this study. Materials and Methods: A clinical randomized controlled trial was conducted by retrieving the main databases PubMed (Medline), EMbase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Zhi-wang (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. We analyzed the literature which matched the quality criteria for the prognostic impact of proton and photon therapy on medulloblastoma patients. Results: Ten articles were included in this study. The overall survival (OS) rate and side effects were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that proton radiotherapy significantly reduced the side effects and recurrence rate of tumor. Conclusion: Proton therapy could significantly reduce the side effects and recurrence rate of medulloblastoma in patients.
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Proton Therapy for Medulloblastoma Patients: A Mata-Analysis","authors":"Wei Zhan","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/207","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Currently, photon therapy is mainly used for radiotherapy, however, the long-term side effects of photon therapy are sometimes reported, especially in children, including cognitive decline, mental decline, growth retardation, endocrine dysfunction and secondary tumor.Compared with photon radiotherapy, proton therapy is a novel method of radiation therapy, which reduces acute and late radiation damage and improves patients’ quality of life. Therefore, we evaluated proton therapy on medulloblastoma patients by meta-analysis in this study. Materials and Methods: A clinical randomized controlled trial was conducted by retrieving the main databases PubMed (Medline), EMbase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Zhi-wang (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. We analyzed the literature which matched the quality criteria for the prognostic impact of proton and photon therapy on medulloblastoma patients. Results: Ten articles were included in this study. The overall survival (OS) rate and side effects were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that proton radiotherapy significantly reduced the side effects and recurrence rate of tumor. Conclusion: Proton therapy could significantly reduce the side effects and recurrence rate of medulloblastoma in patients.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44384256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Mohammadi, Hussein Soleimantabar, Fatemeh Mohamadi, S. Sabouri
Introduction: A thorough understanding of the vertebral artery (VA) variations and course of the artery and its related branches could significantly enhance the efficacy and safety of interventions involving the neck and spine. Here, we aimed to investigate the incidence of various VA variations in individuals presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke with our neurology team. Material and Method: In this retrospective study we investigate CTA images of patients with signs and symptom of stroke who referred to specialized medical imaging centre. An experienced board-certified radiologist evaluated the CTA images, recording the characteristics of VA, regarding dominance and any possible anomalies. These included anomalous origin, anomalous route, anomalous branching, stenosis, hypoplasia, atresia, thrombosis, and dissection. All data were analyzed using SPSS version24 and Pearson Chi-Square and Fishers test used for anomaly and gender correlation. Results: A total of 125 patients (53.6% females; mean age, 60.7 (11-87)) were included. In the case of VA dominance, 66.4% of cases were co-dominant while 16.0% were right, and 12.8% were left dominant. Overall, males had more VA anomalies than females, 24.8% and 17.6%, respectively (in general, 42.4% of all participants) (p = 0.020). Among patients, 4.0% (n = 5) had an anomalous origin and anomalous branching was reported in 5 patients (4.0%). Among the variations, significant stenosis (18.4%) and hypoplasia (17.6%) were the most prevalent anomalies with the earliest one having the higher rate. While anomalous branching was reported in 5 patients (4.0%). Conclusions: VA variations are relatively common and should be addressed during procedures involving the neck region and would allow surgeons to avoid life threatening injury.
{"title":"The vertebral Artery Anomalous, Stenosis vs Hypoplasia as the leading cause of Stroke. An anatomical cross-Sectional Study of VA anomalies in Neck three-Dimensional computed Tomography Angiography","authors":"F. Mohammadi, Hussein Soleimantabar, Fatemeh Mohamadi, S. Sabouri","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/217","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A thorough understanding of the vertebral artery (VA) variations and course of the artery and its related branches could significantly enhance the efficacy and safety of interventions involving the neck and spine. Here, we aimed to investigate the incidence of various VA variations in individuals presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke with our neurology team. Material and Method: In this retrospective study we investigate CTA images of patients with signs and symptom of stroke who referred to specialized medical imaging centre. An experienced board-certified radiologist evaluated the CTA images, recording the characteristics of VA, regarding dominance and any possible anomalies. These included anomalous origin, anomalous route, anomalous branching, stenosis, hypoplasia, atresia, thrombosis, and dissection. All data were analyzed using SPSS version24 and Pearson Chi-Square and Fishers test used for anomaly and gender correlation. Results: A total of 125 patients (53.6% females; mean age, 60.7 (11-87)) were included. In the case of VA dominance, 66.4% of cases were co-dominant while 16.0% were right, and 12.8% were left dominant. Overall, males had more VA anomalies than females, 24.8% and 17.6%, respectively (in general, 42.4% of all participants) (p = 0.020). Among patients, 4.0% (n = 5) had an anomalous origin and anomalous branching was reported in 5 patients (4.0%). Among the variations, significant stenosis (18.4%) and hypoplasia (17.6%) were the most prevalent anomalies with the earliest one having the higher rate. While anomalous branching was reported in 5 patients (4.0%). Conclusions: VA variations are relatively common and should be addressed during procedures involving the neck region and would allow surgeons to avoid life threatening injury.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48508695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare presynaptic disorder of neuromuscular transmission in which quantal release of acetylcholine (ACh) is impaired, causing a unique set of clinical characteristics, which include proximal muscle weakness, depressed tendon reflexes, posttetanic potentiation, and autonomic changes. [1] The initial presentation can be similar to that of myasthenia gravis (MG), but the progressions of the 2 diseases have some important differences. LEMS disrupts the normally reliable neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). This disruption is thought to result from an autoantibody-mediated removal of a subset of the P/Q-type Ca2+ channels involved with neurotransmitter release.
{"title":"The Role of Mutations on HLA Genes in Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome","authors":"S. Asadi, Mahsa Hemati, Naser Shagerdi Esmaeli","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/213","url":null,"abstract":"Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare presynaptic disorder of neuromuscular transmission in which quantal release of acetylcholine (ACh) is impaired, causing a unique set of clinical characteristics, which include proximal muscle weakness, depressed tendon reflexes, posttetanic potentiation, and autonomic changes. [1] The initial presentation can be similar to that of myasthenia gravis (MG), but the progressions of the 2 diseases have some important differences. LEMS disrupts the normally reliable neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). This disruption is thought to result from an autoantibody-mediated removal of a subset of the P/Q-type Ca2+ channels involved with neurotransmitter release.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41816194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This study aimed to investigate executive functioning (EF) among patients 10 years after stroke onset through comparing subjective patients’ and informants’ perceptions as well as objective neuropsychological assessments (NPAs). Materials and Method: One month prior to the neuropsychological assessment, 36 patients and their informants completed the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult Version (Brief-A) around 10 years after stroke onset. The patients’ EF was assessed with verbal fluency (FAS), backward Digit span backward and Trail making test (TMT)-B. Results: We found no significant differences between patient and informant ratings on EF on a group level, but more patients reported clinically significant executive dysfunctions (T > 65) than their informants. Only poor to slight agreements were observed between the patient and informant ratings of the BRIEF-A. Digit span backward was the only executive test that demonstrated significant improvement of EF 10 years post-stroke in the cohort. Neither patient nor informant ratings on EF showed any significant association with objective EF test performance. Conclusions: Mismatch patient-informant agreement on perceived executive dysfunction showed no clear association with EF test performance in this study. This may indicate the complexity of EF among persons with stroke at chronic phase.
{"title":"Subjective and Objective Assessments of Executive Functioning among Persons 10 years after Stroke Onset","authors":"E. Elgh, Xiaolei Hu","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/219","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to investigate executive functioning (EF) among patients 10 years after stroke onset through comparing subjective patients’ and informants’ perceptions as well as objective neuropsychological assessments (NPAs). Materials and Method: One month prior to the neuropsychological assessment, 36 patients and their informants completed the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult Version (Brief-A) around 10 years after stroke onset. The patients’ EF was assessed with verbal fluency (FAS), backward Digit span backward and Trail making test (TMT)-B. Results: We found no significant differences between patient and informant ratings on EF on a group level, but more patients reported clinically significant executive dysfunctions (T > 65) than their informants. Only poor to slight agreements were observed between the patient and informant ratings of the BRIEF-A. Digit span backward was the only executive test that demonstrated significant improvement of EF 10 years post-stroke in the cohort. Neither patient nor informant ratings on EF showed any significant association with objective EF test performance. Conclusions: Mismatch patient-informant agreement on perceived executive dysfunction showed no clear association with EF test performance in this study. This may indicate the complexity of EF among persons with stroke at chronic phase.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43409062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelrahman Atef, Mahmoud Haroun, A. Soliman, Ramez R Mostafa, A. Elsadek, R. Mohamed, Shahenaz Mohamed
Background: The trigeminal ganglion plays a key role in primary headache pathophysiology. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and CGRP receptors are expressed in trigeminal neurons that form C-fibers and A-fibers, respectively. In migraine attacks, there is release of CGRP into the cranial venous outflow, in refractory headache to conventional pharmacologic management, minimally invasive techniques such as greater occipital nerve block (GONB) are feasible for pain relief, and help to decrease the frequency of the attacks, Studies on the ultrasound (US) guided GON injection technique have emphasized that this technique has a higher success rate and should allow for a more precise block of the nerve. Our study will be concerned by correlation of CGRP level as a biomarker for effectiveness and responders of us guided GON block in chronic migraine (CM). Methods: twenty patients diagnosed with chronic migraine were recruited in this study. All participants underwent ultrasound-guided bilat. GONB by 40 mg triamcinolone and 1 cc leidocaine using a portable ultrasound system with a 7 – 13 MHz multifrequency transducer, blood samples were collected from antecubital vein immediately before and three to five weeks after injection clinical response was evaluated using headache diaries Results: CGRP levels after ultrasound guided GONB (median, 40 pg/mL; range, 25-60) were significantly lower as compared with CGRP levels obtained before GONB (median, 145 pg/mL; range, 60-380; P =0.001). Pretreatment CGRP levels in non-responders (310 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those seen in responders being in poor responders less than 50% improvement (135 pg/ml) and good responders (140 pg/mL; P = 0.003). One month after treatment. A number of demographic factors, clinical features, and comorbidities were not different in responders as compared with those of nonresponders. Conclusion: These results suggests that interictal CGRP levels can be of help in predicting the response to GONB and suggest that the mechanism of action of GONB in CM is the reversal of sensitization as a result of the inhibition of CGRP release still more studies needed to highlight CGRP role with GONB
{"title":"Effect of Ultrasound Guided Bilateral Greater Occipital Nerve Block on Serum Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) in Chronic Migraine","authors":"Abdelrahman Atef, Mahmoud Haroun, A. Soliman, Ramez R Mostafa, A. Elsadek, R. Mohamed, Shahenaz Mohamed","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/212","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The trigeminal ganglion plays a key role in primary headache pathophysiology. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and CGRP receptors are expressed in trigeminal neurons that form C-fibers and A-fibers, respectively. In migraine attacks, there is release of CGRP into the cranial venous outflow, in refractory headache to conventional pharmacologic management, minimally invasive techniques such as greater occipital nerve block (GONB) are feasible for pain relief, and help to decrease the frequency of the attacks, Studies on the ultrasound (US) guided GON injection technique have emphasized that this technique has a higher success rate and should allow for a more precise block of the nerve. Our study will be concerned by correlation of CGRP level as a biomarker for effectiveness and responders of us guided GON block in chronic migraine (CM). Methods: twenty patients diagnosed with chronic migraine were recruited in this study. All participants underwent ultrasound-guided bilat. GONB by 40 mg triamcinolone and 1 cc leidocaine using a portable ultrasound system with a 7 – 13 MHz multifrequency transducer, blood samples were collected from antecubital vein immediately before and three to five weeks after injection clinical response was evaluated using headache diaries Results: CGRP levels after ultrasound guided GONB (median, 40 pg/mL; range, 25-60) were significantly lower as compared with CGRP levels obtained before GONB (median, 145 pg/mL; range, 60-380; P =0.001). Pretreatment CGRP levels in non-responders (310 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those seen in responders being in poor responders less than 50% improvement (135 pg/ml) and good responders (140 pg/mL; P = 0.003). One month after treatment. A number of demographic factors, clinical features, and comorbidities were not different in responders as compared with those of nonresponders. Conclusion: These results suggests that interictal CGRP levels can be of help in predicting the response to GONB and suggest that the mechanism of action of GONB in CM is the reversal of sensitization as a result of the inhibition of CGRP release still more studies needed to highlight CGRP role with GONB","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49465209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Fizzotti, M. Piccinini, Giovani Fassina, L. Tronconi
Introduction: One of the most relevant disabilities is caused by spinal cord injury (SCI). Typical causes of spinal cord damage are trauma, disease, or congenital disorders. Tetraplegia is a paralysis results in the partial or total loss of use of all limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms. Pain and spasticity are common sequelae of SCI [1]. Both pain and spasticity can have a late onset and develop slowly over time after SCI, and once developed, they often become chronic. In this paper we have provided to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating SCI sequelae and summarize the potential mechanisms of acupuncture therapy. Method: We considered 30 patients with diagnosis of tetra or paraplegia after SCI complicated by neuropathic pain and spasticity. Neurologist trained in medical acupuncture conducted the therapeutic treatments. A specific set of acupuncture points was used in all sessions. Participants were treated for 8 sessions of acupuncture over 4 week’s period. Pain and spasticity were evaluated with Numeric Raiting Scale (VAS) (2) and the Modified Ashworth Scale [3] at the beginning of the first, the fourth an eighth treatment session. Results: 28 patients (93%) showed improvement in pain intensity and spasticity after two weeks of acupuncture treatment. The therapeutic effect continued until the eighth week of treatment. However, 15 patients (53,5%) reported an increase in spasticity and pain 2 months after acupuncture sessions. Conclusions: Acupuncture sessions using defined acupoint set reduced pain intentensity and spasticity in patients with SCI.
{"title":"Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity Response to Traditional Acupuncture after Spinal Cord Injury","authors":"G. Fizzotti, M. Piccinini, Giovani Fassina, L. Tronconi","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: One of the most relevant disabilities is caused by spinal cord injury (SCI). Typical causes of spinal cord damage are trauma, disease, or congenital disorders. Tetraplegia is a paralysis results in the partial or total loss of use of all limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms. Pain and spasticity are common sequelae of SCI [1]. Both pain and spasticity can have a late onset and develop slowly over time after SCI, and once developed, they often become chronic. In this paper we have provided to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating SCI sequelae and summarize the potential mechanisms of acupuncture therapy. Method: We considered 30 patients with diagnosis of tetra or paraplegia after SCI complicated by neuropathic pain and spasticity. Neurologist trained in medical acupuncture conducted the therapeutic treatments. A specific set of acupuncture points was used in all sessions. Participants were treated for 8 sessions of acupuncture over 4 week’s period. Pain and spasticity were evaluated with Numeric Raiting Scale (VAS) (2) and the Modified Ashworth Scale [3] at the beginning of the first, the fourth an eighth treatment session. Results: 28 patients (93%) showed improvement in pain intensity and spasticity after two weeks of acupuncture treatment. The therapeutic effect continued until the eighth week of treatment. However, 15 patients (53,5%) reported an increase in spasticity and pain 2 months after acupuncture sessions. Conclusions: Acupuncture sessions using defined acupoint set reduced pain intentensity and spasticity in patients with SCI.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48856847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of close co-operation of ophthalmologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and neuro-ophthalmopathologists as well in clinical as in scientific settings is underlined. Typical neuro-ophthalmopathological examples of frequent and rare cases from pathology of the eyelid, the cornea, intraocular tumors, ocular trauma and tumors of the orbit are presented as well as systemic pathologies such as inflammatory diseases of the eye, phakomatoses, malformations and mitochondrial disorders in which the histopathological investigation by neuro-ophthalmopathologists may contribute to diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making. The chosen examples should provide a narrow focus on some clinical queries answered by neuro-ophthalmopathology and exemplify methodological options, but – in the given frame – cannot represent the full range of eye pathology. Relevant literature is included for further reading. Ophthalmologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons should be aware from the additional value of a concise neuro-ophthalmopathological diagnosis for the optimal treatment of eye diseases and should insist in a professional neuro-ophthalmopathological investigation whenever and wherever possible.
{"title":"Range of Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmopathology: more than Tumors","authors":"Gerhard Franz Walter","doi":"10.31579/2578-8868/215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/215","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of close co-operation of ophthalmologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and neuro-ophthalmopathologists as well in clinical as in scientific settings is underlined. Typical neuro-ophthalmopathological examples of frequent and rare cases from pathology of the eyelid, the cornea, intraocular tumors, ocular trauma and tumors of the orbit are presented as well as systemic pathologies such as inflammatory diseases of the eye, phakomatoses, malformations and mitochondrial disorders in which the histopathological investigation by neuro-ophthalmopathologists may contribute to diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making. The chosen examples should provide a narrow focus on some clinical queries answered by neuro-ophthalmopathology and exemplify methodological options, but – in the given frame – cannot represent the full range of eye pathology. Relevant literature is included for further reading. Ophthalmologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons should be aware from the additional value of a concise neuro-ophthalmopathological diagnosis for the optimal treatment of eye diseases and should insist in a professional neuro-ophthalmopathological investigation whenever and wherever possible.","PeriodicalId":73865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroscience and neurological surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45404654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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