Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1037/abn0001047
Joshua R Oltmanns, Ritik Khandelwal, Jerry Ma, Jocelyn Brickman, Tu Do, Rasiq Hussain, Mehak Gupta
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) hold promise for clarifying personality disorder (PD) models, research methodology, understanding, and clinical treatment. This study models personality and personality pathology using natural language. A representative community sample of N = 1,409 older adults from St. Louis (33% Black, 65% White, and 2% other) completed life narrative interviews lasting on average 20 min. Language from the interviews was then used to train and test language-based personality models on scores from the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised and the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality. Criteria measures were used for multimethod construct validation of the language models including self-report measures of physical functioning and depressive symptoms and informant-report measures of personality, general health status, and social functioning. Language models were developed using fine-tuning of the parameters of the RoBERTa language model, BERTopic topic modeling, and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Fine-tuned RoBERTa models predicted personality scores in testing data above r = .40, approaching what is considered a large effect size for convergent validity tests between two self-reports of the same construct. Life narrative language was more readily mapped onto the five-factor model trait domains than onto DSM PD categories, aside from moderate support for borderline pathology. The language-based five-factor model scores were supported by multimethod criteria correlations including informant-report personality scores in the testing data. Findings demonstrate the potential promise of language-based AI to refine conceptual frameworks of PD and provide automatic personality assessment and prediction in research and clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Language-based AI modeling of personality traits and pathology from life narrative interviews.","authors":"Joshua R Oltmanns, Ritik Khandelwal, Jerry Ma, Jocelyn Brickman, Tu Do, Rasiq Hussain, Mehak Gupta","doi":"10.1037/abn0001047","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0001047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) hold promise for clarifying personality disorder (PD) models, research methodology, understanding, and clinical treatment. This study models personality and personality pathology using natural language. A representative community sample of <i>N</i> = 1,409 older adults from St. Louis (33% Black, 65% White, and 2% other) completed life narrative interviews lasting on average 20 min. Language from the interviews was then used to train and test language-based personality models on scores from the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised and the Structured Interview for <i>DSM-IV</i> Personality. Criteria measures were used for multimethod construct validation of the language models including self-report measures of physical functioning and depressive symptoms and informant-report measures of personality, general health status, and social functioning. Language models were developed using fine-tuning of the parameters of the RoBERTa language model, BERTopic topic modeling, and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Fine-tuned RoBERTa models predicted personality scores in testing data above <i>r</i> = .40, approaching what is considered a large effect size for convergent validity tests between two self-reports of the same construct. Life narrative language was more readily mapped onto the five-factor model trait domains than onto <i>DSM</i> PD categories, aside from moderate support for borderline pathology. The language-based five-factor model scores were supported by multimethod criteria correlations including informant-report personality scores in the testing data. Findings demonstrate the potential promise of language-based AI to refine conceptual frameworks of PD and provide automatic personality assessment and prediction in research and clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"122-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12616480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Kerber, Johannes Zimmermann, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Annette Brose, Tobias Nolte, Sebastian Burchert, Sophia Heinzmann, Ina Beintner, Christine Knaevelsrud
{"title":"The interplay of personality functioning and affect–event dynamics in predicting future impairment and depression: A large mobile mental health ambulatory assessment study.","authors":"André Kerber, Johannes Zimmermann, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Annette Brose, Tobias Nolte, Sebastian Burchert, Sophia Heinzmann, Ina Beintner, Christine Knaevelsrud","doi":"10.1037/abn0001050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher J. Hopwood, Aleksandra Kaurin, Aaron L. Pincus
{"title":"Revitalizing personality disorder research.","authors":"Christopher J. Hopwood, Aleksandra Kaurin, Aaron L. Pincus","doi":"10.1037/abn0001064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for The Interplay of Personality Functioning and Affect–Event Dynamics in Predicting Future Impairment and Depression: A Large Mobile Mental Health Ambulatory Assessment Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/abn0001050.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001050.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer E. Merrill, Benjamin L. Berey, Elizabeth R. Aston, Holly K. Boyle, Olivia A. Belitsos, Nathan Didier
{"title":"Day-level negative outcomes of failed control over drinking.","authors":"Jennifer E. Merrill, Benjamin L. Berey, Elizabeth R. Aston, Holly K. Boyle, Olivia A. Belitsos, Nathan Didier","doi":"10.1037/abn0001093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole A. Short, Mattea Pezza, Lauren D. Reyes, Jenny Black, Karen Serrano, Samuel A. McLean
{"title":"The role of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in pain severity, interference, and variability after sexual assault: An ecological momentary assessment study.","authors":"Nicole A. Short, Mattea Pezza, Lauren D. Reyes, Jenny Black, Karen Serrano, Samuel A. McLean","doi":"10.1037/abn0001083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for The Role of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Pain Severity, Interference, and Variability After Sexual Assault: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/abn0001083.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001083.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Day-Level Negative Outcomes of Failed Control Over Drinking","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/abn0001093.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001093.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of children’s state and trait empathy on the observational learning of fear.","authors":"Chris Askew, Lauren Day, Charlotte Mills","doi":"10.1037/abn0000920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145498567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier I. Borráz-León, Markus J. Rantala, Peter K. Jonason
{"title":"“Dark,” but useful: Why the term still matters—Commentary on Chester et al. (2025).","authors":"Javier I. Borráz-León, Markus J. Rantala, Peter K. Jonason","doi":"10.1037/abn0001075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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