Disinhibited individuals show heterogeneity in their neuropsychosocial characteristics. To better understand this variability, we used a person-centered approach to identify transdiagnostic profiles of disinhibition based on a range of personality and neurocognitive indicators. A community sample of adults (N = 363; ages 18-55; 50.1% female; data collected 2019-2024), enriched for externalizing disorders, completed a multilevel assessment encompassing clinical symptoms, personality traits, neuropsychological task performance, and trauma history. Latent profile analysis of disinhibition-related indicators identified three distinct profiles that differed in both the severity and configuration of disinhibitory features. Two profiles exhibited elevated disinhibition: The Neurocognitive Disinhibition profile (n = 72) was characterized by low cognitive and executive functioning performance but average impulsive personality traits, whereas the Personality Disinhibition profile (n = 103) was marked by high levels of trait impulsivity and intact cognitive-executive functioning. A third profile, Low Disinhibition (n = 188), was characterized by relatively low impulsivity and strong executive functioning. The Neurocognitive and Personality Disinhibition profiles showed higher levels of externalizing psychopathology and self- and other-directed violence compared with the Low Disinhibition profile. In addition, the Neurocognitive Disinhibition profile demonstrated greater specificity for externalizing psychopathology and a more extensive history of trauma exposure, whereas the Personality Disinhibition profile was characterized by elevations across both externalizing and internalizing psychopathology. Together, these findings indicate that symptom-agnostic, person-centered classification approaches can delineate meaningful subtypes of disinhibition that differ across personality, neurocognitive, and environmental risk domains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Divergent disinhibition profiles linked to externalizing psychopathology.","authors":"Naomi Sadeh,Anna Stumps,Jeffrey M Spielberg","doi":"10.1037/abn0001123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001123","url":null,"abstract":"Disinhibited individuals show heterogeneity in their neuropsychosocial characteristics. To better understand this variability, we used a person-centered approach to identify transdiagnostic profiles of disinhibition based on a range of personality and neurocognitive indicators. A community sample of adults (N = 363; ages 18-55; 50.1% female; data collected 2019-2024), enriched for externalizing disorders, completed a multilevel assessment encompassing clinical symptoms, personality traits, neuropsychological task performance, and trauma history. Latent profile analysis of disinhibition-related indicators identified three distinct profiles that differed in both the severity and configuration of disinhibitory features. Two profiles exhibited elevated disinhibition: The Neurocognitive Disinhibition profile (n = 72) was characterized by low cognitive and executive functioning performance but average impulsive personality traits, whereas the Personality Disinhibition profile (n = 103) was marked by high levels of trait impulsivity and intact cognitive-executive functioning. A third profile, Low Disinhibition (n = 188), was characterized by relatively low impulsivity and strong executive functioning. The Neurocognitive and Personality Disinhibition profiles showed higher levels of externalizing psychopathology and self- and other-directed violence compared with the Low Disinhibition profile. In addition, the Neurocognitive Disinhibition profile demonstrated greater specificity for externalizing psychopathology and a more extensive history of trauma exposure, whereas the Personality Disinhibition profile was characterized by elevations across both externalizing and internalizing psychopathology. Together, these findings indicate that symptom-agnostic, person-centered classification approaches can delineate meaningful subtypes of disinhibition that differ across personality, neurocognitive, and environmental risk domains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonia Bansal, John Kiat, Benjamin Robinson, Jenna Dutterer, Steven J. Luck, James Gold
{"title":"A confirmatory factor analysis of hyperfocusing and inhibitory control as separable cognitive domains in schizophrenia.","authors":"Sonia Bansal, John Kiat, Benjamin Robinson, Jenna Dutterer, Steven J. Luck, James Gold","doi":"10.1037/abn0001116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement invariance of hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology across sociodemographic covariates: A moderated nonlinear factor analysis approach.","authors":"Hyungseo Caroline Lee, Michael Chmielewski","doi":"10.1037/abn0001114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celina L. Müller, Thomas Ehring, Andreas Kustermann, Alica Walter, Götz Berberich, Michael Noll-Hussong, Benedikt V. Ehinger, Barbara Cludius
{"title":"(No) attentional biases in obsessive–compulsive disorder? An eye-tracking study using idiosyncratic stimulus material.","authors":"Celina L. Müller, Thomas Ehring, Andreas Kustermann, Alica Walter, Götz Berberich, Michael Noll-Hussong, Benedikt V. Ehinger, Barbara Cludius","doi":"10.1037/abn0001071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Divergent Disinhibition Profiles Linked to Externalizing Psychopathology","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/abn0001123.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001123.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Measurement Invariance of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Across Sociodemographic Covariates: A Moderated Nonlinear Factor Analysis Approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/abn0001114.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001114.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents a behavioral account of mechanistic clarity in personality functioning (PF). PF research has substantially advanced our understanding of personality pathology by demonstrating that its nosology can be organized around a coherent severity dimension. A behavioral reconceptualization of PF as patterns of private versus public stimulus control over self-related repertoires preserves this descriptive strength while adding the mechanistic clarity and empirical testability needed for the next phase of theory-building. As the field turns toward identifying mechanisms of self and personality pathology, incorporating this behavioral perspective will expand the range of testable hypotheses and accelerate scientific progress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Toward mechanistic clarity in personality functioning: A behavioral account of the self.","authors":"Tim Kaiser","doi":"10.1037/abn0001105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001105","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a behavioral account of mechanistic clarity in personality functioning (PF). PF research has substantially advanced our understanding of personality pathology by demonstrating that its nosology can be organized around a coherent severity dimension. A behavioral reconceptualization of PF as patterns of private versus public stimulus control over self-related repertoires preserves this descriptive strength while adding the mechanistic clarity and empirical testability needed for the next phase of theory-building. As the field turns toward identifying mechanisms of self and personality pathology, incorporating this behavioral perspective will expand the range of testable hypotheses and accelerate scientific progress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Hyperfocusing and Inhibitory Control as Separable Cognitive Domains in Schizophrenia","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/abn0001116.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001116.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brady D Nelson,Jadyn Trayvick,Clare C Beatty,Rachel A Ferry,Sarah B Barkley,Mohan Li
An increased sensitivity to ambiguity, uncertainty, and unpredictability has been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders. Research has indicated heightened startle potentiation, a psychophysiological indicator of defensive motivation, to unpredictable threat in panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia, and mixed relationships with depression and generalized anxiety disorder. The present study examined whether heightened startle potentiation to unpredictable threat was associated with the higher-order internalizing spectrum. The sample included 193 18-35-year-olds (86% assigned sex female) oversampled for psychiatric disorders. Participants completed the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition-Research Version to assess lifetime history of psychiatric disorders and the no, predictable, and unpredictable threat task to measure startle potentiation to predictable and unpredictable threat. Results indicated heightened startle potentiation to unpredictable, but not predictable, threat in participants with a lifetime history of a major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, specific phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and eating disorder. Higher-order mediational modeling indicated greater startle potentiation to unpredictable threat was associated with higher scores on a latent internalizing dimension, which accounted for all associations between startle potentiation to unpredictable threat and individual disorders. No externalizing disorder or latent externalizing dimension was associated with startle potentiation to predictable or unpredictable threat. The present study suggests that heightened startle potentiation to unpredictable threat relates to the internalizing spectrum. The study also highlights how higher-order dimensions can advance understanding of the core mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Startle potentiation to unpredictable threat and the internalizing spectrum.","authors":"Brady D Nelson,Jadyn Trayvick,Clare C Beatty,Rachel A Ferry,Sarah B Barkley,Mohan Li","doi":"10.1037/abn0001101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001101","url":null,"abstract":"An increased sensitivity to ambiguity, uncertainty, and unpredictability has been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders. Research has indicated heightened startle potentiation, a psychophysiological indicator of defensive motivation, to unpredictable threat in panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia, and mixed relationships with depression and generalized anxiety disorder. The present study examined whether heightened startle potentiation to unpredictable threat was associated with the higher-order internalizing spectrum. The sample included 193 18-35-year-olds (86% assigned sex female) oversampled for psychiatric disorders. Participants completed the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition-Research Version to assess lifetime history of psychiatric disorders and the no, predictable, and unpredictable threat task to measure startle potentiation to predictable and unpredictable threat. Results indicated heightened startle potentiation to unpredictable, but not predictable, threat in participants with a lifetime history of a major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, specific phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and eating disorder. Higher-order mediational modeling indicated greater startle potentiation to unpredictable threat was associated with higher scores on a latent internalizing dimension, which accounted for all associations between startle potentiation to unpredictable threat and individual disorders. No externalizing disorder or latent externalizing dimension was associated with startle potentiation to predictable or unpredictable threat. The present study suggests that heightened startle potentiation to unpredictable threat relates to the internalizing spectrum. The study also highlights how higher-order dimensions can advance understanding of the core mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alysia M Berglund,Laura M Hernández,Kathryn C Kemp,Neus Barrantes-Vidal,Thomas R Kwapil
Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct encompassing clinical and subclinical expressions of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology that is composed of positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. These dimensions are differentially associated with disruptions in emotional experience; however, few studies have examined the association of multidimensional schizotypy with emotion regulation (ER). The present study employed experience sampling methodology (ESM) to examine the hypothesis that there are differential associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with ER strategies (acceptance, cognitive reappraisal, distraction, avoidance, suppression, and sharing) in daily life. A sample of 708 nonclinically ascertained young adults was signaled eight times daily for 7 days to complete ESM questionnaires about emotional experiences and ER strategy use from February 2024 to May 2025. Consistent with our hypotheses, the schizotypy dimensions displayed differential patterns of associations with emotional experiences and ER strategy use. Disorganized schizotypy was associated with rumination, distraction, and suppression, in addition to lower awareness of emotions and increased distress from emotions. Positive schizotypy was associated with increased use of rumination, cognitive reappraisal, distraction, and suppression, whereas negative schizotypy was associated with decreased awareness of emotions and decreased use of ER strategies, including cognitive reappraisal, distraction, sharing with others, and acceptance. Overall, this study provides evidence for differential patterns of ER difficulties in schizotypy and suggests increased selection of putatively maladaptive strategies (e.g., rumination, suppression) or disengagement of ER strategies across positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions of schizotypy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Multidimensional schizotypy and emotion regulation strategies in daily life.","authors":"Alysia M Berglund,Laura M Hernández,Kathryn C Kemp,Neus Barrantes-Vidal,Thomas R Kwapil","doi":"10.1037/abn0001122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0001122","url":null,"abstract":"Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct encompassing clinical and subclinical expressions of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology that is composed of positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. These dimensions are differentially associated with disruptions in emotional experience; however, few studies have examined the association of multidimensional schizotypy with emotion regulation (ER). The present study employed experience sampling methodology (ESM) to examine the hypothesis that there are differential associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with ER strategies (acceptance, cognitive reappraisal, distraction, avoidance, suppression, and sharing) in daily life. A sample of 708 nonclinically ascertained young adults was signaled eight times daily for 7 days to complete ESM questionnaires about emotional experiences and ER strategy use from February 2024 to May 2025. Consistent with our hypotheses, the schizotypy dimensions displayed differential patterns of associations with emotional experiences and ER strategy use. Disorganized schizotypy was associated with rumination, distraction, and suppression, in addition to lower awareness of emotions and increased distress from emotions. Positive schizotypy was associated with increased use of rumination, cognitive reappraisal, distraction, and suppression, whereas negative schizotypy was associated with decreased awareness of emotions and decreased use of ER strategies, including cognitive reappraisal, distraction, sharing with others, and acceptance. Overall, this study provides evidence for differential patterns of ER difficulties in schizotypy and suggests increased selection of putatively maladaptive strategies (e.g., rumination, suppression) or disengagement of ER strategies across positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions of schizotypy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：