Journal of the history of dentistry最新文献

In 1844, Queen Victoria was 7 years into her 63-year reign of the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. John Tyler was 10th president of the United States, to be followed by the 11th president, by James K. Polk in March of 1845. Four years before, Dr. Horace H. Hayden and Chapin A. Harris co-founded The Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. The school was chartered by an act of the Maryland State Legislature in 1840. Dr. Hayden died on 25 January 1844.

Olva Odlum qualified as a dentist in England but went on to make a professional life in Canada. She became the first female member of the Manitoba dental faculty and provided care for many dentally-deprived groups, including disabled patients, those with cancer and members of the First Nation tribes.

An unusual card advertising the dental services of T.S. Henderson revives the story of an Irish dentist who left his homeland and came to Brooklyn, New York to practice. He was a fervent Irish Nationalist and was active in Irish causes. Henderson was an abuser of alcohol and eventually found dead in Albany, New York. The death was considered a suicide, but was it?

From the second half of the 18th century to the last third of the 19th century, a period of about 100 years, perpendicular (vertical) extraction, became an ideal for many authors, since molars were the most difficult teeth to remove. However, extraction instruments available at that time, caused pronounced damage to the alveolar bone and gingiva. For many authors and clinicians, vertical extraction was the only way to meet this challenge. This approach to tooth removal, while viable, came to an end when anatomically shaped forceps, adapted to the different morphologies of the various teeth were introduced, thereby changing 19th century dentistry with a new standard for tooth removal.

Protection of athletes during sporting activities was of some concern even in the late 1800s. That concern continues, over 140 years later. In baseball, safety for the catcher was of primary concern because of inherent risks of being "behind the plate" while balls are pitched, bats are swung, and runners attempting to score come barreling in. Doug Allison was the skilled catcher for the 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings who was known to use certain objects for self-protection, including George Wright's rubber "Mouthpiece." This report reviews earliest development of mouth protection in baseball, as known through reports of the times, and Doug Allison's career.

The Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Jacques of Toulouse (in Southwest France) is an ancient hospital officially existing since the 16th century and initially dedicated to the treatment of the poor and the destitute. In the 18th century, it became a hospital in the "modern" sense of the word, by maintaining health and trying to cure diseases. The first official traces of professional dental care in the Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Jacques by a dental surgeon date from 1780. From this period, the Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Jacques had a dentist to treat "paupers" in the early years. The first "officially" recorded dentist was named Pierre Delga, known for having treated the French Queen Marie-Antoinette for a difficult extraction. Delga also provided dental care to the famous French writer and philosopher Voltaire. The aim of this article is to relate the history of this hospital along with French dentistry, and to advance the hypothesis that the Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Jacques, now a hospital site of the Toulouse University Hospital, is probably the oldest building in Europe still in activity and still hosting a dentistry department.

One of the eponyms most frequently cited in dental morphology texts, together with the Carabelli tubercle of the first permanent maxillary molars, is the Zuckerkandl tubercle of deciduous molars. However, references about Emil Zuckerkandl in the field of dental history and this particular entity are scarce. The reason this dental eponym was pushed "into the shadows" probably lies in the many other anatomical parts (including another tubercle, the pyramidal one of the thyroids), which took their names from this great anatomist.

In the early 1900s, various authors worked on "artificial roots" to replace missing teeth. E. J. Greenfield's pioneering works (1910-1913) are among the best-known today and are often cited in publications reviewing the history of oral implantology. Shortly after Greenfield's first communications in the scientific literature, a French dental surgeon, Henri Léger-Dorez, designed the first expanding dental implant, which he indicated was used successfully in cases of single tooth edentulism. Its aim was to obtain the best primary stability and thus avoid the use of dental splint during osseous healing process. Léger-Dorez's works give us a new angle on the research in oral implantology by the pioneers of the early 20th century.

Orthodontics in Brazil underwent significant transformations in the 1950s when several dentists returned to the country after completing advanced education courses in the specialty abroad. The first two orthodontic associations, in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, were constituted in 1955 and 1959. The specialty's first event with characteristics of a professional meeting occurred in São Paulo in 1957, and Postgraduate Orthodontic education became available. This paper aims to describe the central insights of the constitution and evolving of the education of Orthodontics in Brazil.

John Greenwood (1760-1819) was George Washington's preferred dentist. He practiced in New York and made at least one of eight sets of dentures Washington wore (currently in the collection of the New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM). We know very little about John Greenwood's (JG) formal education, except that he came from a famous family of dentists. He inherited from his father, Isaac Greenwood, one important book of the time, John Hunter's 1778 treatise, A Natural History of the Human Teeth. That copy was donated to the New York Academy of Medicine by descendants of John Greenwood. Recently, we became aware of extensive marginalia that John Greenwood wrote in this book. The present article describes John Greenwood's opinion on a variety of dental subjects such as the causes and mechanisms of tooth destruction and gum disease and the presence of microscopic annamalcula that were thought to be connected to poor oral hygiene. Although John Greenwood was self-educated, his observations are surprisingly insightful and at least 37 years ahead of what was described in the contemporary literature.