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Body composition and endometrial cancer outcomes. 身体成分和子宫内膜癌的结果。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad012
Diana P Arteaga, Corina DeKraker, Marguerite Ennis, Nicole Dewey, Emily A Goebel, Stephen Welch, Isabel Pimentel, Joseph E Ippolito, Ana Elisa Lohmann

Background: Obesity is a known risk factor for developing endometrial cancer. However, the association of obesity with endometrial cancer (EC) outcomes has not been clearly established. This study examined how outcomes in women with early stage EC vary with body composition measured via computed tomography (CT).

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients diagnosed with EC international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages I-III and available CT scans were included. Automatica software was used to assess the areas of visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and skeletal muscle area.

Results: Of 293 patient charts assessed, 199 met eligibility criteria. Median body mass index (BMI) was 32.8 kg/m2 (interquartile range [IQ] = 26.8-38.9); 61.8% had histologic subtype endometrioid carcinoma. Adjusted for age, international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and histologic subtype, a BMI of at least 30 vs less than 30 kg/m2 was associated with lower endometrial cancer-specific survival (ECSS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27 to 4.25) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.35 to 5.39). Higher IMAT 75th vs 25th percentile and SAT of at least 225.6 vs less than 225.6 cm2 were associated with lower ECSS (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.13, and HR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.13 to 5.88) and OS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.11 to 2.02, and HR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.2 to 5.01), respectively. The association of visceral adipose tissue (75th vs 25th percentile) with ECSS and OS was not statistically significant (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.91 to 2.22, and HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.81 to 1.89).

Conclusion: Higher BMI, IMAT, and SAT were associated with higher mortality from EC and lower OS. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these relationships could inform strategies to improve patient outcomes.

背景:肥胖是发生子宫内膜癌的已知危险因素。然而,肥胖与子宫内膜癌(EC)结局之间的关系尚未明确确立。本研究考察了通过计算机断层扫描(CT)测量的身体成分对早期EC女性预后的影响。方法:在这项回顾性研究中,诊断为EC的国际妇产科联合会I-III期患者和可用的CT扫描。使用自动化软件评估内脏脂肪组织、皮下脂肪组织(SAT)、肌间脂肪组织(IMAT)和骨骼肌面积。结果:在评估的293例患者图表中,199例符合资格标准。中位体重指数(BMI)为32.8 kg/m2(四分位数间距[IQ] = 26.8 ~ 38.9);61.8%为组织学亚型子宫内膜样癌。经年龄、国际妇产科联合会分期和组织学亚型调整后,BMI≥30 vs小于30 kg/m2与较低的子宫内膜癌特异性生存率(ECSS)(风险比[HR] = 2.32, 95%可信区间[CI] = 1.27至4.25)和总生存率(OS) (HR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.35至5.39)相关。较高的IMAT第75百分位vs第25百分位和SAT至少225.6对小于225.6 cm2分别与较低的ECSS (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.1至2.13,HR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.13至5.88)和OS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.11至2.02,HR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.2至5.01)相关。内脏脂肪组织(第75百分位vs第25百分位)与ECSS和OS的相关性无统计学意义(HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.91 ~ 2.22, HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.81 ~ 1.89)。结论:较高的BMI、IMAT和SAT与较高的EC死亡率和较低的OS相关。更好地了解这些关系背后的机制可以为改善患者预后的策略提供信息。
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引用次数: 1
Looking back: a review of policy implications for exercise oncology. 回顾:运动肿瘤学政策影响的综述。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad002
Mary A Kennedy, Melanie Potiaumpai, Melissa Maitin-Shepard, Christopher M Wilson, Anna Campbell, Anna L Schwartz, Jessica Gorzelitz, Maxime Caru, Chloe Grimmett, Kathryn H Schmitz
The evidence to support the benefits of exercise for people living with and beyond cancer is robust. Still, exercise oncology interventions in the United States are only eligible for coverage by third-party payers within the restrictions of cancer rehabilitation settings. Without expanded coverage, access will remain highly inequitable, tending toward the most well-resourced. This article describes the pathway to third-party coverage for 3 programs that address a chronic disease and utilize exercise professionals: the Diabetes Prevention Program, Supervised Exercise Training for Peripheral Artery Disease, and Cancer Rehabilitation. Lessons learned will be applied toward expanding third-party coverage for exercise oncology programming.
支持锻炼对癌症患者有益的证据是强有力的。尽管如此,在美国,运动肿瘤干预只有在癌症康复设置的限制下才有资格由第三方支付。如果不扩大覆盖范围,获取将仍然高度不公平,倾向于资源最充足的人群。本文介绍了针对慢性疾病和利用运动专业人员的3个项目的第三方覆盖途径:糖尿病预防项目、外周动脉疾病监督运动训练和癌症康复。吸取的经验教训将用于扩大运动肿瘤学规划的第三方覆盖范围。
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引用次数: 0
Embedding lifestyle interventions into cancer care: has telehealth narrowed the equity gap? 将生活方式干预纳入癌症治疗:远程医疗缩小了公平差距吗?
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac028
Amy M Dennett, Kelly A Hirko, Kathleen J Porter, Kah Poh Loh, Yue Liao, Lin Yang, Hannah Arem, Jasmine S Sukumar, Elizabeth A Salerno

Lifestyle interventions targeting energy balance (ie, diet, exercise) are critical for optimizing the health and well-being of cancer survivors. Despite their benefits, access to these interventions is limited, especially in underserved populations, including older people, minority populations and those living in rural and remote areas. Telehealth has the potential to improve equity and increase access. This article outlines the advantages and challenges of using telehealth to support the integration of lifestyle interventions into cancer care. We describe 2 recent studies, GO-EXCAP and weSurvive, as examples of telehealth lifestyle intervention in underserved populations (older people and rural cancer survivors) and offer practical recommendations for future implementation. Innovative approaches to the use of telehealth-delivered lifestyle intervention during cancer survivorship offer great potential to reduce cancer burden.

以能量平衡(即饮食、运动)为目标的生活方式干预对于优化癌症幸存者的健康和福祉至关重要。尽管这些干预措施有好处,但获得这些干预措施的机会有限,特别是在服务不足的人群中,包括老年人、少数民族人口以及生活在农村和偏远地区的人。远程保健有可能改善公平性和增加获得机会。本文概述了使用远程医疗支持生活方式干预整合到癌症治疗中的优势和挑战。我们描述了最近的两项研究,GO-EXCAP和wessurvive,作为服务不足人群(老年人和农村癌症幸存者)远程医疗生活方式干预的例子,并为未来的实施提供实用建议。在癌症存活期间使用远程保健提供的生活方式干预的创新方法为减轻癌症负担提供了巨大的潜力。
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引用次数: 2
The impact of surgical weight loss procedures on the risk of metachronous colorectal neoplasia: the differential effect of surgery type, sex, and anatomic location. 外科减肥手术对并发结直肠肿瘤风险的影响:手术类型、性别和解剖位置的不同影响。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac029
Hisham Hussan, Mohamed R Ali, Shehnaz K Hussain, Victoria Lyo, Eric McLaughlin, ChienWei Chiang, Henry J Thompson

Patients with prior colorectal polyps are at high risk for metachronous colorectal neoplasia, especially in the presence of obesity. We assessed the impact of 2 common bariatric surgeries, vertical sleeve gastrectomy and roux-n-Y gastric bypass, on the risk of colorectal neoplasia recurrence. This nationally representative analysis included 1183 postbariatric adults and 3193 propensity score-matched controls, who all had prior colonoscopy with polyps and polypectomy. Colorectal polyps reoccurred in 63.8% of bariatric surgery patients and 71.7% of controls at a mean follow-up of 53.1 months from prior colonoscopy. There was a reduced odds of colorectal polyp recurrence after bariatric surgery compared with controls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58 to 0.83). This effect was most pronounced in men (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.42 to 0.79), and post roux-n-Y gastric bypass (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.79). However, the risk of rectal polyps or colorectal cancer remained consistent between groups. This study is the first to our knowledge to show a reduction in risk of polyp recurrence following bariatric surgery.

曾患结肠直肠息肉的患者,尤其是肥胖症患者,具有发生转移性结肠直肠肿瘤的高风险。我们评估了两种常见减肥手术(垂直袖带胃切除术和roux-n-Y 胃旁路术)对结直肠肿瘤复发风险的影响。这项具有全国代表性的分析包括 1183 名减肥后成年人和 3193 名倾向评分匹配对照组,他们都曾接受过结肠镜息肉检查和息肉切除术。在距上次结肠镜检查平均 53.1 个月的随访中,63.8% 的减肥手术患者和 71.7% 的对照组患者的结直肠息肉再次发生。与对照组相比,减肥手术后结直肠息肉复发的几率降低(几率比 [OR] = 0.70,95% 置信区间 [CI] = 0.58 至 0.83)。这种影响在男性(OR = 0.58,95% CI = 0.42 至 0.79)和roux-n-Y 胃旁路术后(OR = 0.57,95% CI = 0.41 至 0.79)最为明显。然而,直肠息肉或结直肠癌的风险在不同组间保持一致。据我们所知,这项研究首次显示减肥手术后息肉复发风险降低。
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引用次数: 0
The 'omics of obesity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病的肥胖组学。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad014
Delaney K Geitgey, Miyoung Lee, Kirsten A Cottrill, Maya Jaffe, William Pilcher, Swati Bhasin, Jessica Randall, Anthony J Ross, Michelle Salemi, Marisol Castillo-Castrejon, Matthew B Kilgore, Ayjha C Brown, Jeremy M Boss, Rich Johnston, Anne M Fitzpatrick, Melissa L Kemp, Robert English, Eric Weaver, Pritha Bagchi, Ryan Walsh, Christopher D Scharer, Manoj Bhasin, Joshua D Chandler, Karmella A Haynes, Elizabeth A Wellberg, Curtis J Henry

The obesity pandemic currently affects more than 70 million Americans and more than 650 million individuals worldwide. In addition to increasing susceptibility to pathogenic infections (eg, SARS-CoV-2), obesity promotes the development of many cancer subtypes and increases mortality rates in most cases. We and others have demonstrated that, in the context of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), adipocytes promote multidrug chemoresistance. Furthermore, others have demonstrated that B-ALL cells exposed to the adipocyte secretome alter their metabolic states to circumvent chemotherapy-mediated cytotoxicity. To better understand how adipocytes impact the function of human B-ALL cells, we used a multi-omic RNA-sequencing (single-cell and bulk transcriptomic) and mass spectroscopy (metabolomic and proteomic) approaches to define adipocyte-induced changes in normal and malignant B cells. These analyses revealed that the adipocyte secretome directly modulates programs in human B-ALL cells associated with metabolism, protection from oxidative stress, increased survival, B-cell development, and drivers of chemoresistance. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of mice on low- and high-fat diets revealed that obesity suppresses an immunologically active B-cell subpopulation and that the loss of this transcriptomic signature in patients with B-ALL is associated with poor survival outcomes. Analyses of sera and plasma samples from healthy donors and those with B-ALL revealed that obesity is associated with higher circulating levels of immunoglobulin-associated proteins, which support observations in obese mice of altered immunological homeostasis. In all, our multi-omics approach increases our understanding of pathways that may promote chemoresistance in human B-ALL and highlight a novel B-cell-specific signature in patients associated with survival outcomes.

肥胖疫情目前影响着7000多万美国人和全球6.5亿多人。除了增加对致病性感染(如SARS-CoV-2)的易感性外,肥胖还促进了许多癌症亚型的发展,并在大多数情况下增加了死亡率。我们和其他人已经证明,在B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)的背景下,脂肪细胞促进多药耐药性。此外,其他人已经证明,暴露于脂肪细胞分泌组的B-ALL细胞改变其代谢状态,以规避化疗介导的细胞毒性。为了更好地了解脂肪细胞如何影响人类B-ALL细胞的功能,我们使用了多组RNA测序(单细胞和大量转录组)和质谱(代谢组学和蛋白质组学)方法来定义正常和恶性B细胞中脂肪细胞诱导的变化。这些分析表明,脂肪细胞分泌组直接调节人类B-ALL细胞中与代谢、抗氧化应激保护、存活率增加、B细胞发育和化疗耐药性驱动因素相关的程序。对低脂肪和高脂肪饮食小鼠的单细胞RNA测序分析表明,肥胖抑制了免疫活性的B细胞亚群,并且B-ALL患者这种转录组特征的丧失与较差的生存结果有关。对健康捐赠者和B-ALL患者的血清和血浆样本的分析表明,肥胖与免疫球蛋白相关蛋白的循环水平较高有关,这支持了在肥胖小鼠中观察到的免疫稳态改变。总之,我们的多组学方法增加了我们对可能促进人类B-all化疗耐药性的途径的理解,并突出了患者中与生存结果相关的新的B细胞特异性特征。
{"title":"The 'omics of obesity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","authors":"Delaney K Geitgey, Miyoung Lee, Kirsten A Cottrill, Maya Jaffe, William Pilcher, Swati Bhasin, Jessica Randall, Anthony J Ross, Michelle Salemi, Marisol Castillo-Castrejon, Matthew B Kilgore, Ayjha C Brown, Jeremy M Boss, Rich Johnston, Anne M Fitzpatrick, Melissa L Kemp, Robert English, Eric Weaver, Pritha Bagchi, Ryan Walsh, Christopher D Scharer, Manoj Bhasin, Joshua D Chandler, Karmella A Haynes, Elizabeth A Wellberg, Curtis J Henry","doi":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The obesity pandemic currently affects more than 70 million Americans and more than 650 million individuals worldwide. In addition to increasing susceptibility to pathogenic infections (eg, SARS-CoV-2), obesity promotes the development of many cancer subtypes and increases mortality rates in most cases. We and others have demonstrated that, in the context of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), adipocytes promote multidrug chemoresistance. Furthermore, others have demonstrated that B-ALL cells exposed to the adipocyte secretome alter their metabolic states to circumvent chemotherapy-mediated cytotoxicity. To better understand how adipocytes impact the function of human B-ALL cells, we used a multi-omic RNA-sequencing (single-cell and bulk transcriptomic) and mass spectroscopy (metabolomic and proteomic) approaches to define adipocyte-induced changes in normal and malignant B cells. These analyses revealed that the adipocyte secretome directly modulates programs in human B-ALL cells associated with metabolism, protection from oxidative stress, increased survival, B-cell development, and drivers of chemoresistance. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of mice on low- and high-fat diets revealed that obesity suppresses an immunologically active B-cell subpopulation and that the loss of this transcriptomic signature in patients with B-ALL is associated with poor survival outcomes. Analyses of sera and plasma samples from healthy donors and those with B-ALL revealed that obesity is associated with higher circulating levels of immunoglobulin-associated proteins, which support observations in obese mice of altered immunological homeostasis. In all, our multi-omics approach increases our understanding of pathways that may promote chemoresistance in human B-ALL and highlight a novel B-cell-specific signature in patients associated with survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs","volume":"2023 61","pages":"12-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10157791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10031552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: Epidemiological Studies of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation and Cancer: Summary Bias Assessment and Meta-Analysis. 更正:低剂量电离辐射与癌症的流行病学研究:总结偏倚评估和荟萃分析。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac027
{"title":"Correction to: Epidemiological Studies of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation and Cancer: Summary Bias Assessment and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs","volume":"2023 61","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10157751/pdf/lgac027.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9404408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imaging modalities for measuring body composition in patients with cancer: opportunities and challenges. 测量癌症患者身体成分的成像方式:机遇与挑战。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad001
Urvi A Shah, Tarah J Ballinger, Rusha Bhandari, Christina M Dieli-Cornwright, Kristin A Guertin, Elizabeth A Hibler, Faiza Kalam, Ana Elisa Lohmann, Joseph E Ippolito

Body composition assessment (ie, the measurement of muscle and adiposity) impacts several cancer-related outcomes including treatment-related toxicities, treatment responses, complications, and prognosis. Traditional modalities for body composition measurement include body mass index, body circumference, skinfold thickness, and bioelectrical impedance analysis; advanced imaging modalities include dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, thus requiring an individualized approach in identifying the most appropriate measure for specific clinical or research situations. Advancements in imaging approaches have led to an abundance of available data, however, the lack of standardized thresholds for classification of abnormal muscle mass or adiposity has been a barrier to adopting these measurements widely in research and clinical care. In this review, we discuss the different modalities in detail and provide guidance on their unique opportunities and challenges.

身体成分评估(即肌肉和肥胖的测量)影响几种癌症相关结果,包括治疗相关毒性、治疗反应、并发症和预后。身体成分测量的传统方式包括体重指数、腰围、皮褶厚度和生物电阻抗分析;先进的成像方式包括双能x射线吸收仪、计算机断层扫描、磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描。每种模式都有其优点和缺点,因此需要采取个性化的方法来确定针对特定临床或研究情况的最合适的措施。成像方法的进步带来了丰富的可用数据,然而,缺乏异常肌肉量或肥胖分类的标准化阈值一直是在研究和临床护理中广泛采用这些测量方法的障碍。在本次审查中,我们详细讨论了不同的模式,并就其独特的机遇和挑战提供了指导。
{"title":"Imaging modalities for measuring body composition in patients with cancer: opportunities and challenges.","authors":"Urvi A Shah, Tarah J Ballinger, Rusha Bhandari, Christina M Dieli-Cornwright, Kristin A Guertin, Elizabeth A Hibler, Faiza Kalam, Ana Elisa Lohmann, Joseph E Ippolito","doi":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Body composition assessment (ie, the measurement of muscle and adiposity) impacts several cancer-related outcomes including treatment-related toxicities, treatment responses, complications, and prognosis. Traditional modalities for body composition measurement include body mass index, body circumference, skinfold thickness, and bioelectrical impedance analysis; advanced imaging modalities include dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, thus requiring an individualized approach in identifying the most appropriate measure for specific clinical or research situations. Advancements in imaging approaches have led to an abundance of available data, however, the lack of standardized thresholds for classification of abnormal muscle mass or adiposity has been a barrier to adopting these measurements widely in research and clinical care. In this review, we discuss the different modalities in detail and provide guidance on their unique opportunities and challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":73988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs","volume":"2023 61","pages":"56-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10157788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10031553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Skeletal muscle omics signatures in cancer cachexia: perspectives and opportunities. 癌症恶病质中的骨骼肌全息特征:前景与机遇。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad006
L Anne Gilmore, Traci L Parry, Gwendolyn A Thomas, Andy V Khamoui

Cachexia is a life-threatening complication of cancer that occurs in up to 80% of patients with advanced cancer. Cachexia reflects the systemic consequences of cancer and prominently features unintended weight loss and skeletal muscle wasting. Cachexia impairs cancer treatment tolerance, lowers quality of life, and contributes to cancer-related mortality. Effective treatments for cancer cachexia are lacking despite decades of research. High-throughput omics technologies are increasingly implemented in many fields including cancer cachexia to stimulate discovery of disease biology and inform therapy choice. In this paper, we present selected applications of omics technologies as tools to study skeletal muscle alterations in cancer cachexia. We discuss how comprehensive, omics-derived molecular profiles were used to discern muscle loss in cancer cachexia compared with other muscle-wasting conditions, to distinguish cancer cachexia from treatment-related muscle alterations, and to reveal severity-specific mechanisms during the progression of cancer cachexia from early toward severe disease.

恶病质是一种危及生命的癌症并发症,多达 80% 的晚期癌症患者会出现这种情况。恶病质反映了癌症的全身性后果,主要表现为意外的体重减轻和骨骼肌萎缩。恶病质影响癌症治疗耐受性,降低生活质量,并导致癌症相关死亡率。尽管经过几十年的研究,癌症恶病质仍缺乏有效的治疗方法。包括癌症恶病质在内的许多领域正越来越多地采用高通量组学技术,以促进疾病生物学的发现并为治疗选择提供依据。在本文中,我们介绍了作为研究癌症恶病质中骨骼肌改变的工具的全局组学技术的部分应用。我们讨论了如何利用全面的、源自全局组学的分子图谱来鉴别癌症恶病质与其他肌肉萎缩情况相比的肌肉损失,区分癌症恶病质与治疗相关的肌肉改变,并揭示癌症恶病质从早期向重症发展过程中的严重程度特异性机制。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics and energy balance: the role of diet intake, energy expenditure, and body composition. 癌症治疗药物的药代动力学与能量平衡:饮食摄入、能量消耗和身体组成的作用。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad010
Sarah A Purcell, Dieuwertje E Kok, Tyler Ketterl, Miriam B Garcia, Lenat Joffe, Justin C Brown, Christina M Dieli-Conwright, Grant R Williams

Energy balance accounts for an individual's energy intake, expenditure, and storage. Each aspect of energy balance has implications for the pharmacokinetics of cancer treatments and may impact an individual's drug exposure and subsequently its tolerance and efficacy. However, the integrated effects of diet, physical activity, and body composition on drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion are not yet fully understood. This review examines the existing literature on energy balance, specifically the role of dietary intake and nutritional status, physical activity and energy expenditure, and body composition on the pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics. As energy balance and pharmacokinetic factors can be influenced by age-related states of metabolism and comorbidities, this review also explores the age-related impact of body composition and physiologic changes on pharmacokinetics among pediatric and older adult populations with cancer.

能量平衡是指一个人的能量摄入、消耗和储存。能量平衡的每个方面都对癌症治疗的药代动力学有影响,可能会影响个体的药物暴露,进而影响药物的耐受性和疗效。然而,人们尚未完全了解饮食、体力活动和身体成分对药物吸收、代谢、分布和排泄的综合影响。本综述研究了有关能量平衡的现有文献,特别是膳食摄入和营养状况、体力活动和能量消耗以及身体成分对癌症治疗药物药代动力学的作用。由于能量平衡和药代动力学因素会受到与年龄相关的代谢状态和合并症的影响,本综述还探讨了与年龄相关的身体成分和生理变化对儿童和老年癌症患者药代动力学的影响。
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics and energy balance: the role of diet intake, energy expenditure, and body composition.","authors":"Sarah A Purcell, Dieuwertje E Kok, Tyler Ketterl, Miriam B Garcia, Lenat Joffe, Justin C Brown, Christina M Dieli-Conwright, Grant R Williams","doi":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Energy balance accounts for an individual's energy intake, expenditure, and storage. Each aspect of energy balance has implications for the pharmacokinetics of cancer treatments and may impact an individual's drug exposure and subsequently its tolerance and efficacy. However, the integrated effects of diet, physical activity, and body composition on drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion are not yet fully understood. This review examines the existing literature on energy balance, specifically the role of dietary intake and nutritional status, physical activity and energy expenditure, and body composition on the pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics. As energy balance and pharmacokinetic factors can be influenced by age-related states of metabolism and comorbidities, this review also explores the age-related impact of body composition and physiologic changes on pharmacokinetics among pediatric and older adult populations with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":73988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs","volume":"2023 61","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10157766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10031549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Translational and transdisciplinary research in energy balance and cancer: past is prologue. 能量平衡与癌症的转化和跨学科研究:前事不忘,后事之师。
Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad009
Melinda L Irwin, Dorothy D Sears, Jennifer Ligibel
{"title":"Translational and transdisciplinary research in energy balance and cancer: past is prologue.","authors":"Melinda L Irwin, Dorothy D Sears, Jennifer Ligibel","doi":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs","volume":"2023 61","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10157745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10031550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs
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