Herein, an ultrasonication approach was used to anchor In2S3 quantum dots (QDs) onto oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride (O@g-C3N4), resulting in a novel heterojunction catalyst. Characterization techniques validated the successful incorporation of In2S3 into the O@g-C3N4 matrix, with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicating the existence of In2S3 QDs measuring 6.62 nm. The photocatalyst (0.24 g/L) effectively degraded 15 mg/L of Metronidazole (MDZ) via persulfate (PS) activation under visible light irradiation, with a degradation efficiency of 98.17 ± 1.53% in 25 min. This improved performance was due to the creation of an n-n heterojunction, in which the Fermi energy levels of O@g-C3N4 and In2S3 reached equilibrium, resulting in an internal electrostatic field at their interface that enabled efficient carrier transfer. Combining trapping tests with a well-established S-scheme charge transfer mechanism indicated an excellent photocatalytic process for the In2S3/O@g-C3N4 heterojunction. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) studies were used to measure the photocatalyst's efficacy in degrading MDZ, while its capacity to degrade other pollutants was also tested. Furthermore, after seven cycles, the catalyst displayed remarkable reusability and maintained efficiency in various water conditions with coexisting species such as cations, anions, and organic compounds. As a result, the discovered In2S3/O@g-C3N4 heterojunction catalyst shows significant promise for the effective and long-term removal of MDZ and other toxic pollutants from water, paving the door for enhanced water treatment technologies.
{"title":"Bandgap-Engineered In2S3 Quantum Dots Anchored on Oxygen-Doped g-C3N4: Forging a Dynamic n-n Heterojunction for Enhanced Persulfate Activation and Degradation of Metronidazole","authors":"Soumya Ranjan Mishra, Vishal Gadore, Saptarshi Roy, Md. Ahmaruzzaman","doi":"10.1039/d4en00859f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00859f","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, an ultrasonication approach was used to anchor In2S3 quantum dots (QDs) onto oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride (O@g-C3N4), resulting in a novel heterojunction catalyst. Characterization techniques validated the successful incorporation of In2S3 into the O@g-C3N4 matrix, with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicating the existence of In2S3 QDs measuring 6.62 nm. The photocatalyst (0.24 g/L) effectively degraded 15 mg/L of Metronidazole (MDZ) via persulfate (PS) activation under visible light irradiation, with a degradation efficiency of 98.17 ± 1.53% in 25 min. This improved performance was due to the creation of an n-n heterojunction, in which the Fermi energy levels of O@g-C3N4 and In2S3 reached equilibrium, resulting in an internal electrostatic field at their interface that enabled efficient carrier transfer. Combining trapping tests with a well-established S-scheme charge transfer mechanism indicated an excellent photocatalytic process for the In2S3/O@g-C3N4 heterojunction. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) studies were used to measure the photocatalyst's efficacy in degrading MDZ, while its capacity to degrade other pollutants was also tested. Furthermore, after seven cycles, the catalyst displayed remarkable reusability and maintained efficiency in various water conditions with coexisting species such as cations, anions, and organic compounds. As a result, the discovered In2S3/O@g-C3N4 heterojunction catalyst shows significant promise for the effective and long-term removal of MDZ and other toxic pollutants from water, paving the door for enhanced water treatment technologies.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A reasonable planting density is vital for wheat resource efficiency and yield enhancement. However, systematic research on the impact of spraying TiO2-NPs on wheat growth, metabolism, and stress tolerance cultivated in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil is limited, especially in integration with planting density, requiring a deeper understanding. Our study showed that spraying with 3.1 mg per plant TiO2-NPs (in pots) and 21.6 mg m−2 TiO2-NPs combined with high planting densities (in the field) both significantly reduced the Cd content in wheat grains by 27.9 and 35.7%, respectively. Immobilization of subcellular water-soluble Cd and the conversion of Cd into inactive plant components in leaves were the primary reasons for this reduction. Metabolomics further revealed the up-regulation of metabolites related to antioxidant activity, plant stress resistance, growth promotion, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which promotes plant growth, enhances wheat antioxidant enzyme activity, and alleviates oxidative stress. Transcriptomic analysis validated the association between these responses and improved plant stress resistance, with genes such as MYB, WRKY, P450, and Cd membrane transport-related genes like ABCG2 and ABCC3 contributing to the decrease in Cd levels in wheat. Importantly, the Cd-associated human health risk index was also reduced via foliar TiO2-NPs application. Overall, foliar spraying of TiO2-NPs combined with high plant density was beneficial in alleviating Cd levels in wheat grains, limiting the risk of Cd exposure to human health via the food chain.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of foliar exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles and planting density modulates the metabolite profile and transcription to alleviate cadmium induced phytotoxicity to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"Min Wang, Junxiao Luo, Hongbo Li, Chenghao Ge, Feng Jing, Jingxia Guo, Qingya Zhang, Xuezhen Gao, Cheng Cheng, Dongmei Zhou","doi":"10.1039/d4en00763h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00763h","url":null,"abstract":"A reasonable planting density is vital for wheat resource efficiency and yield enhancement. However, systematic research on the impact of spraying TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-NPs on wheat growth, metabolism, and stress tolerance cultivated in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil is limited, especially in integration with planting density, requiring a deeper understanding. Our study showed that spraying with 3.1 mg per plant TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-NPs (in pots) and 21.6 mg m<small><sup>−2</sup></small> TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-NPs combined with high planting densities (in the field) both significantly reduced the Cd content in wheat grains by 27.9 and 35.7%, respectively. Immobilization of subcellular water-soluble Cd and the conversion of Cd into inactive plant components in leaves were the primary reasons for this reduction. Metabolomics further revealed the up-regulation of metabolites related to antioxidant activity, plant stress resistance, growth promotion, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which promotes plant growth, enhances wheat antioxidant enzyme activity, and alleviates oxidative stress. Transcriptomic analysis validated the association between these responses and improved plant stress resistance, with genes such as MYB, WRKY, P450, and Cd membrane transport-related genes like ABCG2 and ABCC3 contributing to the decrease in Cd levels in wheat. Importantly, the Cd-associated human health risk index was also reduced <em>via</em> foliar TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-NPs application. Overall, foliar spraying of TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-NPs combined with high plant density was beneficial in alleviating Cd levels in wheat grains, limiting the risk of Cd exposure to human health <em>via</em> the food chain.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"248 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aidan Stone, Zidan Yang, Jiaman Wang, Maria Louiza Dimtsoudi, Aicha Sama, Rebecca Martin-Welp, Grey Small, Indrek Kulaots, Somnath Sengupta, Francesco Fornasiero, Robert H. Hurt
Nanotechnology offers a variety of new tools for the design of next-generation personal protective equipment (PPE). One example is the use of two-dimensional materials as coatings that enhance the performance and ergonomics of elastomeric gloves designed to protect users from hazardous chemicals. Desirable features in such coatings may include molecular barrier function, liquid droplet repellency, stretchability for compatibility with the elastomer, breathability, and an ultrathin profile that preserves the user's manual dexterity and tactile sensation. The present work explores the potential of engineered graphene-based films with out-of-plane texturing as a novel platform to meet these multifold requirements. Graphene-based films in different formulations were fabricated from water-borne inks by vacuum filtration and solution casting methods on glove-derived nitrile rubber substrates. The various coatings were then subjected to tests of molecular permeation by model volatile organic compounds, droplet contact angle, breathability, and mechanical stability during stretching and solvent immersion. The films dramatically improve the barrier properties of glove-derived nitrile. The out-of-plane graphene texturing imparts stretchability through microscale folding/unfolding, while also enhancing droplet repellency in some cases through a lotus-like roughening effect. The combined results suggest that engineered textured graphene-based films are a promising platform for creating multifunctional coatings for a next generation of chemically protective gloves and other elastomer-based PPE.
{"title":"Multifunctional textured graphene-based coatings on elastomeric gloves for chemical protection","authors":"Aidan Stone, Zidan Yang, Jiaman Wang, Maria Louiza Dimtsoudi, Aicha Sama, Rebecca Martin-Welp, Grey Small, Indrek Kulaots, Somnath Sengupta, Francesco Fornasiero, Robert H. Hurt","doi":"10.1039/d4en00601a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00601a","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology offers a variety of new tools for the design of next-generation personal protective equipment (PPE). One example is the use of two-dimensional materials as coatings that enhance the performance and ergonomics of elastomeric gloves designed to protect users from hazardous chemicals. Desirable features in such coatings may include molecular barrier function, liquid droplet repellency, stretchability for compatibility with the elastomer, breathability, and an ultrathin profile that preserves the user's manual dexterity and tactile sensation. The present work explores the potential of engineered graphene-based films with out-of-plane texturing as a novel platform to meet these multifold requirements. Graphene-based films in different formulations were fabricated from water-borne inks by vacuum filtration and solution casting methods on glove-derived nitrile rubber substrates. The various coatings were then subjected to tests of molecular permeation by model volatile organic compounds, droplet contact angle, breathability, and mechanical stability during stretching and solvent immersion. The films dramatically improve the barrier properties of glove-derived nitrile. The out-of-plane graphene texturing imparts stretchability through microscale folding/unfolding, while also enhancing droplet repellency in some cases through a lotus-like roughening effect. The combined results suggest that engineered textured graphene-based films are a promising platform for creating multifunctional coatings for a next generation of chemically protective gloves and other elastomer-based PPE.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shoaib Khan, Aoxue Wang, Jiayin Liu, Iltaf Khan, Samreen Sadiq, Aftab Khan, Waleed Yaseen, Saeed Zaman, Abdul Mueed, Yuanyang Miao
Over the past few years, nanotechnology and nanomaterials have played a crucial role in the agriculture sector. Notably, among different types of nanomaterials, the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown significant attention owing to their porosity, organic composition, biocompatibility, and tailored structural and compositional properties. Herein, in this research work, we have effectively prepared four types of MOFs including ZIF-8, ZIF-67, PFC 6, and PFC-7. Interestingly, among all prepared MOFs, the ZIF-67 exhibited exceptional performance. With an aim to further improve the efficacy of ZIF-67, we decorated it with SnO2. Among as-prepared samples, the optimal sample 5SnO2/ZIF-67 nanocomposite exhibited exceptional efficiency in terms of its high chemical and thermal stability, large surface area, selective antipathogenic activities, high catalytic activities, and disease resistance properties. Based on our various characterization techniques, such as XRD, DRS, PL, FS, BET, FT-IR, and RAMAN it has been confirmed that the incorporation of SnO2 into ZIF-67 leads to adjustments in band gaps, enhanced stability, modulated photo-electrons, provides large surface area, abundant active sites, and upgraded adsorption and selectivity for antipathogenic and pesticide degradation activities. As compared to pure ZIF-67, the most active sample 5SnO2@ZIF-67 showed ~4.5 and ~2.6 times significant improvement for glyphosate (GLY) and acephate (ACPH) degradation respectively. Remarkably, our prepared samples also offered potent performances against various pathogens in the Luria-Bertani medium. Based on the scavenger tests, •OH and O2- are respectively responsible for GLY and ACPH decomposition. Accordingly, the activities improvement mechanism and biochemical pathways are proposed. Finally, our novel research work will provide a gateway for the fabrication of MOFs-based green nanomaterials that will unlock a wide range of opportunities and applications in antipathogenic, and pesticide degradation activities and tomato plant growth.
{"title":"Designing of MOFs-Based Green Nanomaterials for Enhanced Pathogen Resistance and Pesticide Degradation in Tomato Plants","authors":"Shoaib Khan, Aoxue Wang, Jiayin Liu, Iltaf Khan, Samreen Sadiq, Aftab Khan, Waleed Yaseen, Saeed Zaman, Abdul Mueed, Yuanyang Miao","doi":"10.1039/d4en00966e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00966e","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, nanotechnology and nanomaterials have played a crucial role in the agriculture sector. Notably, among different types of nanomaterials, the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown significant attention owing to their porosity, organic composition, biocompatibility, and tailored structural and compositional properties. Herein, in this research work, we have effectively prepared four types of MOFs including ZIF-8, ZIF-67, PFC 6, and PFC-7. Interestingly, among all prepared MOFs, the ZIF-67 exhibited exceptional performance. With an aim to further improve the efficacy of ZIF-67, we decorated it with SnO2. Among as-prepared samples, the optimal sample 5SnO2/ZIF-67 nanocomposite exhibited exceptional efficiency in terms of its high chemical and thermal stability, large surface area, selective antipathogenic activities, high catalytic activities, and disease resistance properties. Based on our various characterization techniques, such as XRD, DRS, PL, FS, BET, FT-IR, and RAMAN it has been confirmed that the incorporation of SnO2 into ZIF-67 leads to adjustments in band gaps, enhanced stability, modulated photo-electrons, provides large surface area, abundant active sites, and upgraded adsorption and selectivity for antipathogenic and pesticide degradation activities. As compared to pure ZIF-67, the most active sample 5SnO2@ZIF-67 showed ~4.5 and ~2.6 times significant improvement for glyphosate (GLY) and acephate (ACPH) degradation respectively. Remarkably, our prepared samples also offered potent performances against various pathogens in the Luria-Bertani medium. Based on the scavenger tests, •OH and O2- are respectively responsible for GLY and ACPH decomposition. Accordingly, the activities improvement mechanism and biochemical pathways are proposed. Finally, our novel research work will provide a gateway for the fabrication of MOFs-based green nanomaterials that will unlock a wide range of opportunities and applications in antipathogenic, and pesticide degradation activities and tomato plant growth.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huifang Bi, Catherine N. Mulligan, Kenneth Lee, Baiyu Zhang, Zhi Chen, Chunjiang An
Oil spills frequently cause devastating impacts on coastal ecosystems and communities. Spill response methods for coastal regions, such as spill-treating agents, sorbents, and bioremediation, may face constraints due to environmental concerns, limited absorption capacity, and low effectiveness. Fortunately, the emergence of nanomaterials with unique properties has introduced promising solutions for coastal oil spill remediation. These nanomaterials have shown great potential in oil removal, recovery, and degradation through different mechanisms. Nanoparticles or nanocomposites can interact with spilled oil by breaking it into small droplets and forming stable Pickering emulsions. They can also remove oil from water by absorption, adsorption, or in combination with both due to their large surface area and numerous sorption sites. Furthermore, some nanomaterials possess catalytic activity to speed up the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons into less harmful compounds. Moreover, the introduction of nanomaterials can be beneficial for bacteria proliferation, nutrient supply, and maintenance of favorable conditions, thereby accelerating the oil biodegradation process by microorganisms. In this perspective, we discussed the interactions between nanomaterials and oil, as well as their applications in various coastal oil spill response methods.
{"title":"Nanotechnology for oil spill response and cleanup in coastal regions","authors":"Huifang Bi, Catherine N. Mulligan, Kenneth Lee, Baiyu Zhang, Zhi Chen, Chunjiang An","doi":"10.1039/d4en00954a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00954a","url":null,"abstract":"Oil spills frequently cause devastating impacts on coastal ecosystems and communities. Spill response methods for coastal regions, such as spill-treating agents, sorbents, and bioremediation, may face constraints due to environmental concerns, limited absorption capacity, and low effectiveness. Fortunately, the emergence of nanomaterials with unique properties has introduced promising solutions for coastal oil spill remediation. These nanomaterials have shown great potential in oil removal, recovery, and degradation through different mechanisms. Nanoparticles or nanocomposites can interact with spilled oil by breaking it into small droplets and forming stable Pickering emulsions. They can also remove oil from water by absorption, adsorption, or in combination with both due to their large surface area and numerous sorption sites. Furthermore, some nanomaterials possess catalytic activity to speed up the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons into less harmful compounds. Moreover, the introduction of nanomaterials can be beneficial for bacteria proliferation, nutrient supply, and maintenance of favorable conditions, thereby accelerating the oil biodegradation process by microorganisms. In this perspective, we discussed the interactions between nanomaterials and oil, as well as their applications in various coastal oil spill response methods.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenyu Zhou, Atiya Banerjee, Esteban Luis Fornero, Zhaoyi Xi, Xiao Tong, Eli Stavitski, Xiaohui Qu, Sara E. Mason, Dario J. Stacchiola, Mingzhao Liu
Development of solar energy converters with earth-abundant and environmentally friendly materials is one of the key routes explored towards a sustainable future. In this work, crystalline delafossite-phase CuAlO2 and CuFeO2 thin film solar water splitting photocathodes were fabricated using pulsed laser deposition. It was found that the desired delafossite phase was formed only after high temperature annealing in an oxygen-free atmosphere. The homogeneous delafossite bulk structure of the films was determined by correlating simulation results from first-principles calculations with synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Both CuAlO2 and CuFeO2 photocathodes are active for solar water splitting, with the latter more efficient due to its narrower band gap and improved light absorption.
{"title":"Pulsed laser deposition of delafossite oxide thin films on YSZ (001) substrates as solar water splitting photocathodes","authors":"Chenyu Zhou, Atiya Banerjee, Esteban Luis Fornero, Zhaoyi Xi, Xiao Tong, Eli Stavitski, Xiaohui Qu, Sara E. Mason, Dario J. Stacchiola, Mingzhao Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4en00706a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00706a","url":null,"abstract":"Development of solar energy converters with earth-abundant and environmentally friendly materials is one of the key routes explored towards a sustainable future. In this work, crystalline delafossite-phase CuAlO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and CuFeO<small><sub>2</sub></small> thin film solar water splitting photocathodes were fabricated using pulsed laser deposition. It was found that the desired delafossite phase was formed only after high temperature annealing in an oxygen-free atmosphere. The homogeneous delafossite bulk structure of the films was determined by correlating simulation results from first-principles calculations with synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Both CuAlO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and CuFeO<small><sub>2</sub></small> photocathodes are active for solar water splitting, with the latter more efficient due to its narrower band gap and improved light absorption.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingyue Wang, Ruiwen Liang, lanchao Kou, Xiukun Cao, Dezhi Chen
Efficient recovery of palladium (Pd) from waste sources is of paramount importance due to its limited natural reserves and potential environmental hazards. Herein, a carbon sorbent, namely sulfur-functionalized porous carbon microsphere (SPCM), was used to selectively capture Pd(II) from acidic solution. SPCM exhibited high efficiency for the adsorption separation of Pd(II) from 0.5 M to 6 M HNO3 solution. The adsorption kinetic of Pd(II) matched well with the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption reached equilibrium after 130 minutes and the adsorption capacity of Pd(II) was 79.3 mg/g in 1 M HNO3 solution. The Freundlich isotherm model exhibited a better description of the Pd(II) adsorption, suggesting that the Pd(II) adsorption is a multilayer adsorption. SPCM showed a high selectivity for the capture of Pd(II) in simulated acidic wastewater with 26 metal ions, and the selectivity increased with the increase of HNO3 concentration. The adsorption capacity per US dollar of Pd(II) by SPCM from HNO3 solution is much higher than those of the previously reported sorbents, exhibiting a high economic viability of SPCM for Pd(II) capture from acidic solution. The adsorbed Pd(II) could be desorbed using 1.0 M thiourea and 0.1 M HNO3, and the SPCM sorbent maintained a high adsorption capacity after five adsorption-desorption cycles. Characterizations and theoretical calculations revealed that the adsorption of Pd(II) on SPCM sorbent is dominated by the coordination of [Pd(NO3)2] with O/S containing groups and part of Pd(II) is reduced to Pd(0). The excellent adsorption performance of SPCM provides a feasible and low-cost strategy for the selective recovery of Pd(II) from acidic wastewater.
由于钯（Pd）的天然储量有限且具有潜在的环境危害，因此从废物中有效回收钯（Pd）至关重要。本文利用一种碳吸附剂，即硫功能化多孔碳微球（SPCM），从酸性溶液中选择性地捕获钯（II）。SPCM 对 0.5 M 至 6 M HNO3 溶液中的钯(II)具有很高的吸附分离效率。钯（II）的吸附动力学与假二阶模型十分吻合。130 分钟后吸附达到平衡，在 1 M HNO3 溶液中钯(II)的吸附容量为 79.3 mg/g。Freundlich 等温线模型能更好地描述钯（II）的吸附，表明钯（II）的吸附是一种多层吸附。在含有 26 种金属离子的模拟酸性废水中，SPCM 对钯(II)的捕获具有较高的选择性，且选择性随 HNO3 浓度的增加而增加。SPCM 在 HNO3 溶液中每美元的钯(II)吸附量远高于之前报道的吸附剂，这表明 SPCM 从酸性溶液中捕获钯(II)具有很高的经济可行性。吸附的钯（II）可以用 1.0 M 硫脲和 0.1 M HNO3 解吸，而且 SPCM 吸附剂在经过五个吸附-解吸循环后仍能保持较高的吸附容量。表征和理论计算表明，钯（II）在 SPCM 吸附剂上的吸附主要是[Pd(NO3)2]与含 O/S 基团配位，部分钯（II）被还原成钯（0）。SPCM 卓越的吸附性能为从酸性废水中选择性回收钯（II）提供了一种可行且低成本的策略。
{"title":"Highly selective capture of palladium from acidic solution by sulfur-functionalized porous carbon microsphere: Performance and mechanism","authors":"Mingyue Wang, Ruiwen Liang, lanchao Kou, Xiukun Cao, Dezhi Chen","doi":"10.1039/d4en00738g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00738g","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient recovery of palladium (Pd) from waste sources is of paramount importance due to its limited natural reserves and potential environmental hazards. Herein, a carbon sorbent, namely sulfur-functionalized porous carbon microsphere (SPCM), was used to selectively capture Pd(II) from acidic solution. SPCM exhibited high efficiency for the adsorption separation of Pd(II) from 0.5 M to 6 M HNO3 solution. The adsorption kinetic of Pd(II) matched well with the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption reached equilibrium after 130 minutes and the adsorption capacity of Pd(II) was 79.3 mg/g in 1 M HNO3 solution. The Freundlich isotherm model exhibited a better description of the Pd(II) adsorption, suggesting that the Pd(II) adsorption is a multilayer adsorption. SPCM showed a high selectivity for the capture of Pd(II) in simulated acidic wastewater with 26 metal ions, and the selectivity increased with the increase of HNO3 concentration. The adsorption capacity per US dollar of Pd(II) by SPCM from HNO3 solution is much higher than those of the previously reported sorbents, exhibiting a high economic viability of SPCM for Pd(II) capture from acidic solution. The adsorbed Pd(II) could be desorbed using 1.0 M thiourea and 0.1 M HNO3, and the SPCM sorbent maintained a high adsorption capacity after five adsorption-desorption cycles. Characterizations and theoretical calculations revealed that the adsorption of Pd(II) on SPCM sorbent is dominated by the coordination of [Pd(NO3)2] with O/S containing groups and part of Pd(II) is reduced to Pd(0). The excellent adsorption performance of SPCM provides a feasible and low-cost strategy for the selective recovery of Pd(II) from acidic wastewater.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianlian He, Xingyu Hao, Ying Chen, Zhenguo Li, Xinyu Zheng, Mingwei Yang, YuLin Wang, Chengzhen Gu, Jianghua Ye, Haibin Wang
Cadmium (Cd) causes significant disruption to plant growth and poses a threat to human health, necessitating urgent and effective measures to mitigate its absorption and translocation in rice. This study employed a co-treatment of carbon dots (PBCDs) with Cd. The potential mechanisms underlying the alleviation of Cd toxicity in rice by PBCDs were investigated by observing changes in photosynthesis, the antioxidant system, and the content of other divalent metals in rice. The results showed that under Cd stress, PBCDs mitigated the interference of Cd in photosynthesis. Notably, treatments with 100 and 250 mg L−1 PBCDs significantly increased the rice fresh weight by 32.45% and 31.54%, and reduced Cd concentrations in rice leaves by 53.82% and 45.81%, respectively. Moreover, PBCDs effectively reduced the shoot-to-leaf translocation factor (TF) of Cd by up to 45.76%, likely due to enhanced Zn concentrations in shoots. Furthermore, PBCDs enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) in rice, resulting in decreased levels of MDA induced by Cd stress. In conclusion, PBCDs enhanced rice antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass while mitigating cellular damage and reducing Cd concentrations in various tissues. These findings provide theoretical guidance and data support for the study of novel nanomaterials to promote crop growth under Cd stress conditions and alleviate Cd accumulation in plants.
{"title":"Promoting the growth of rice and reducing the accumulation of Cd in rice by pig bedding derived carbon dots (PBCDs) under Cd stress","authors":"Tianlian He, Xingyu Hao, Ying Chen, Zhenguo Li, Xinyu Zheng, Mingwei Yang, YuLin Wang, Chengzhen Gu, Jianghua Ye, Haibin Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4en00682h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00682h","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium (Cd) causes significant disruption to plant growth and poses a threat to human health, necessitating urgent and effective measures to mitigate its absorption and translocation in rice. This study employed a co-treatment of carbon dots (PBCDs) with Cd. The potential mechanisms underlying the alleviation of Cd toxicity in rice by PBCDs were investigated by observing changes in photosynthesis, the antioxidant system, and the content of other divalent metals in rice. The results showed that under Cd stress, PBCDs mitigated the interference of Cd in photosynthesis. Notably, treatments with 100 and 250 mg L<small><sup>−1</sup></small> PBCDs significantly increased the rice fresh weight by 32.45% and 31.54%, and reduced Cd concentrations in rice leaves by 53.82% and 45.81%, respectively. Moreover, PBCDs effectively reduced the shoot-to-leaf translocation factor (TF) of Cd by up to 45.76%, likely due to enhanced Zn concentrations in shoots. Furthermore, PBCDs enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) in rice, resulting in decreased levels of MDA induced by Cd stress. In conclusion, PBCDs enhanced rice antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass while mitigating cellular damage and reducing Cd concentrations in various tissues. These findings provide theoretical guidance and data support for the study of novel nanomaterials to promote crop growth under Cd stress conditions and alleviate Cd accumulation in plants.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celina Harris, Adel Soroush, Alanna Hildebrandt, Kamilah Y Amen, Louis Corcoran, Joshua Feinberg, William Arnold, R. Lee Penn
Naturally-occurring iron oxide nanoparticles provide reactive surfaces for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds, which are common groundwater pollutants, by Fe(II). In many natural aquifer systems, iron oxide minerals continuously react with groundwater pollutants and other chemical species. To closely emulate field conditions, continuous flow columns packed with hematite-coated sands were used to study the reduction of 4-chloronitrobenzene (4-ClNB) by Fe(II) associated with the iron oxide. Columns were packed with sands coated with either a high or low mass loading of hematite nanoparticles (0.19 or 0.43 mg hematite per gram of sand after flushing). Following 36 hours of reaction (200-225 pore volumes), the total mass of iron oxide present in the columns increased, resulting from the concurrent Fe(III) oxidative mineral growth. The greatest increase was observed at the bottom of the column packed with the higher hematite mass loading sand. Acicular particles were observed on the post-reaction materials of both the high and low hematite loading sands. The acicular morphology is characteristic of goethite nanoparticles, and the presence of goethite was detected by low temperature magnetometry. Similar to results obtained under batch reactor conditions, goethite crystals heterogeneously nucleated on hematite as a result of the reductive degradation of 4-ClNB by Fe(II). Results tracking the rates of reductive degradation of the 4-ClNB and evolution of mineralogy demonstrate that reactivity is determined by the accessible reactive surface area, which evolves as goethite is deposited on hematite over time.
{"title":"Evolving Mineralogy and Reactivity of Hematite-Coated Sands During Reduction of 4-Chloronitrobenzene by Fe(II) in Flow-Through Reactors","authors":"Celina Harris, Adel Soroush, Alanna Hildebrandt, Kamilah Y Amen, Louis Corcoran, Joshua Feinberg, William Arnold, R. Lee Penn","doi":"10.1039/d4en00602j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00602j","url":null,"abstract":"Naturally-occurring iron oxide nanoparticles provide reactive surfaces for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds, which are common groundwater pollutants, by Fe(II). In many natural aquifer systems, iron oxide minerals continuously react with groundwater pollutants and other chemical species. To closely emulate field conditions, continuous flow columns packed with hematite-coated sands were used to study the reduction of 4-chloronitrobenzene (4-ClNB) by Fe(II) associated with the iron oxide. Columns were packed with sands coated with either a high or low mass loading of hematite nanoparticles (0.19 or 0.43 mg hematite per gram of sand after flushing). Following 36 hours of reaction (200-225 pore volumes), the total mass of iron oxide present in the columns increased, resulting from the concurrent Fe(III) oxidative mineral growth. The greatest increase was observed at the bottom of the column packed with the higher hematite mass loading sand. Acicular particles were observed on the post-reaction materials of both the high and low hematite loading sands. The acicular morphology is characteristic of goethite nanoparticles, and the presence of goethite was detected by low temperature magnetometry. Similar to results obtained under batch reactor conditions, goethite crystals heterogeneously nucleated on hematite as a result of the reductive degradation of 4-ClNB by Fe(II). Results tracking the rates of reductive degradation of the 4-ClNB and evolution of mineralogy demonstrate that reactivity is determined by the accessible reactive surface area, which evolves as goethite is deposited on hematite over time.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Swaroop Chakraborty, Nathan Langford, Yvonne Kohl, Dimitra-Danai Varsou, Sascha Wien, William Stokes, Evangelos Papaioannou, Kata Berkesi, Andrew Britton, Bashiru Ibrahim, Antreas Afantitis, Alexandros Zoikis Karathanasis, Laurence Andrew Nelson, Eugenia Valsami-Jones
Considering the increasing interest in utilising nanoparticles (NPs) for advanced, safe, and sustainable coatings, this paper addresses the toxicological concerns associated with Nickel-Silicon Carbide (Ni-SiC) electroplated nanocomposite coatings as an alternative to conventional chromium electrodeposition. We present Ni-SiC nanocomposite coatings as potential substitutes and conduct a comprehensive investigation into the impact of impregnated SiC particles on coating properties. Specifically, we examined the aging of Ni-watt type and Ni Watt-SiC nanocomposite coatings in various environmental and biological media. Our release and transformation data indicate an enhanced release and transformation of Ni in the simulated media (e.g., up to 200 μg/mL in cell culture media) and the formation of NiO and Ni (OH)₂ species as confirmed by XPS analysis. Transmission electron microscopy data reveals the release of SiC NPs in the respective simulated aging medium. The Ni ion release from Ni-watt type and Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating was also investigated in silico to support safe-by-design (SbD) approaches in the development of nanoalloys for electroplating. An invitro cytotoxicity assay, according to ISO shows a significant reduction in cell viability for Ni-SiC nanocomposite coated samples (up to 80% after 72 hours) compared to standalone Ni-Watt type electroplated coatings (up to 20% after 72 hours). Our findings suggest that the co-deposition of Ni with SiC NPs enhances Ni release, which is a major factor in causing toxicity. These results could be pivotal in the adoption of Safe and Sustainable by Design principles within the electroplating industry. This paper contributes to the fields of nanotoxicology and surface coatings, providing a foundation for designing and optimising environmentally friendly, high-performance coatings with broad industrial applications
考虑到人们对利用纳米粒子（NPs）制造先进、安全和可持续涂层的兴趣与日俱增，本文探讨了与碳化镍-碳化硅（Ni-SiC）电镀纳米复合涂层相关的毒理学问题，以替代传统的铬电沉积。我们提出了 Ni-SiC 纳米复合涂层作为潜在的替代品，并全面调查了浸渍 SiC 颗粒对涂层性能的影响。具体来说，我们研究了镍瓦型和镍瓦-SiC 纳米复合涂层在各种环境和生物介质中的老化情况。我们的释放和转化数据表明，镍在模拟介质中的释放和转化增强了（例如，在细胞培养基中高达 200 μg/mL），并形成了镍氧化物和镍（OH）₂物种，XPS 分析证实了这一点。透射电子显微镜数据显示了 SiC NPs 在相应的模拟老化介质中的释放。此外，还对 Ni-watt 型和 Ni-SiC 纳米复合涂层的镍离子释放进行了硅学研究，以支持电镀用纳米合金开发中的安全设计（SbD）方法。根据 ISO 标准进行的体外细胞毒性测试表明，与独立的镍-瓦特型电镀涂层（72 小时后细胞存活率最高为 20%）相比，镍-SiC 纳米复合涂层样品的细胞存活率显著降低（72 小时后细胞存活率最高为 80%）。我们的研究结果表明，镍与 SiC NPs 的共沉积增强了镍的释放，而镍的释放是导致毒性的主要因素。这些结果对于电镀行业采用安全和可持续设计原则至关重要。这篇论文为纳米毒理学和表面涂层领域做出了贡献，为设计和优化具有广泛工业应用的环保型高性能涂层奠定了基础。
{"title":"Are Ni-SiC Nanoparticle Electroplated Coatings a Safer Alternative to Hard Chromium? A Comprehensive Aging, Toxicity, and In Silico Studies to Assess Safety by Design","authors":"Swaroop Chakraborty, Nathan Langford, Yvonne Kohl, Dimitra-Danai Varsou, Sascha Wien, William Stokes, Evangelos Papaioannou, Kata Berkesi, Andrew Britton, Bashiru Ibrahim, Antreas Afantitis, Alexandros Zoikis Karathanasis, Laurence Andrew Nelson, Eugenia Valsami-Jones","doi":"10.1039/d4en00751d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00751d","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the increasing interest in utilising nanoparticles (NPs) for advanced, safe, and sustainable coatings, this paper addresses the toxicological concerns associated with Nickel-Silicon Carbide (Ni-SiC) electroplated nanocomposite coatings as an alternative to conventional chromium electrodeposition. We present Ni-SiC nanocomposite coatings as potential substitutes and conduct a comprehensive investigation into the impact of impregnated SiC particles on coating properties. Specifically, we examined the aging of Ni-watt type and Ni Watt-SiC nanocomposite coatings in various environmental and biological media. Our release and transformation data indicate an enhanced release and transformation of Ni in the simulated media (e.g., up to 200 μg/mL in cell culture media) and the formation of NiO and Ni (OH)₂ species as confirmed by XPS analysis. Transmission electron microscopy data reveals the release of SiC NPs in the respective simulated aging medium. The Ni ion release from Ni-watt type and Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating was also investigated in silico to support safe-by-design (SbD) approaches in the development of nanoalloys for electroplating. An invitro cytotoxicity assay, according to ISO shows a significant reduction in cell viability for Ni-SiC nanocomposite coated samples (up to 80% after 72 hours) compared to standalone Ni-Watt type electroplated coatings (up to 20% after 72 hours). Our findings suggest that the co-deposition of Ni with SiC NPs enhances Ni release, which is a major factor in causing toxicity. These results could be pivotal in the adoption of Safe and Sustainable by Design principles within the electroplating industry. This paper contributes to the fields of nanotoxicology and surface coatings, providing a foundation for designing and optimising environmentally friendly, high-performance coatings with broad industrial applications","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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