JVS-vascular science最新文献

英文中文

Comparison of arterial storage conditions for delayed arterial ring testing 延迟动脉环试验中动脉储存条件的比较

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100122

Dylan K. McLaughlin MD , Carson Hoffmann MD , Maiko Sasaki MS, MPH , Feifei Li MD , Jing Ma BS , Xiangqin Cui PhD , Roy L. Sutliff PhD , Luke P. Brewster MD, PhD

Objective

Arterial ring testing is the gold standard for measuring arterial function. Increased arterial tone through arterial contraction and impaired endothelial relaxation (endothelial dysfunction) are key metrics of impaired arterial health in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). To allow for comparative testing of arteries during standard laboratory hours, storage buffers and conditions have been used to extend the functional life of arteries. Various storage conditions have been compared, but there has not been a robust comparison or validation in human arteries. The objective of this work is to optimize storage of arterial segments for endothelial cell (EC) testing in a murine model and to test EC function in human PAD arteries. We hypothesized that certain storage conditions would be superior to others.

Methods

Healthy murine aortas were harvested from 10- to 14-week-old C57/Bl6J male and female mice and compared under different storage protocols (24 hours) to immediate arterial testing. The storage conditions tested were: Opti-MEM (37°C or 4°C), Krebs-HEPES with 1.8 mmol/L or 2.5 mmol/L calcium (4°C), or Wisconsin (WI) solution at 4°C. Vascular function was evaluated by isometric force testing. Endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation were measured after precontraction with addition of methacholine or sodium nitroprusside, respectively. Arterial contraction was stimulated with potassium chloride or phenylephrine. Analysis of variance was used to determine significance compared with immediate testing with P < .05. Under institutional review board approval, 28 PAD arteries were collected at amputation and underwent vascular function testing as described. Disturbed flow conditions were determined by indirect (upstream occlusion) flow to the harvested tibial arteries. Stable flow arteries had in-line flow. Arterial calcification was quantified manually as present or not present.

Results

We found that 4°C WI and 37°C Opti-MEM best preserved endothelium-dependent relaxation and performed similarly to immediately testing aortas (termed fresh for freshly tested) (P > .95). Other storage conditions were inferior to freshly tested aortas (P < .05). Vascular smooth muscle function was tested by endothelial-independent relaxation and contractility. All storage conditions preserved endothelial-independent relaxation and contractility similar to freshly tested arteries. However, 4°C WI and 37°C Opti-MEM storage conditions most closely approximated the maximum force of contraction of freshly tested arteries in response to potassium chloride (P > .39). For human arterial testing, 28 tibial arteries were tested for relaxation and contraction with 16 arteries with peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAD with disturbed flow) and 12 without peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAD with stable flow), of which 14 were calcified and 14 were

目的动脉环试验是测定动脉功能的金标准。动脉收缩引起的动脉张力增加和内皮舒张受损(内皮功能障碍)是外周动脉疾病(PAD)中动脉健康受损的关键指标。为了在标准实验室时间内对动脉进行比较测试，使用了储存缓冲液和条件来延长动脉的功能寿命。已经比较了各种储存条件，但在人体动脉中还没有强有力的比较或验证。这项工作的目的是优化小鼠模型中内皮细胞(EC)测试的动脉段储存，并测试EC在人类PAD动脉中的功能。我们假设某些储存条件会优于其他条件。方法采集10 ~ 14周龄C57/Bl6J雄性和雌性小鼠的健康主动脉，比较不同保存方式(24小时)和即时动脉检测。测试的储存条件为:Opti-MEM(37°C或4°C)， Krebs-HEPES (1.8 mmol/L或2.5 mmol/L钙)(4°C)，或Wisconsin (WI)溶液(4°C)。血管功能通过等距力试验评估。分别加入甲胆碱或硝普钠预收缩后测定内皮依赖性松弛和非依赖性松弛。用氯化钾或苯肾上腺素刺激动脉收缩。采用方差分析来确定与P <即时检验相比的显著性;. 05。经机构审查委员会批准，在截肢时收集28条PAD动脉，并进行如上所述的血管功能测试。通过间接(上游闭塞)流向采集的胫骨动脉来确定受干扰的血流情况。稳定流动动脉呈直线流动。动脉钙化被人工量化为存在或不存在。结果我们发现，4°C WI和37°C Opti-MEM能最好地保存内皮依赖性松弛，其效果与立即检测主动脉(新鲜检测称为新鲜)相似(P >.95)。其他储存条件不如新鲜测试的主动脉(P <. 05)。血管平滑肌功能采用内皮非依赖性舒张和收缩性检测。所有的储存条件都保持了内皮独立的舒张和收缩性，类似于新鲜测试的动脉。然而，4°C WI和37°C Opti-MEM储存条件最接近新测试动脉对氯化钾(P >点)。在人体动脉测试中，对28条胫骨动脉进行舒张和收缩测试，其中16条动脉有外周动脉闭塞症(PAD伴血流紊乱)，12条动脉无外周动脉闭塞症(PAD伴血流稳定)，其中14条动脉钙化，14条动脉无钙化。9条动脉可测内皮依赖性舒张数据，14条动脉可测动脉收缩数据。当比较流动条件时，暴露于扰动流动(n = 4)的动脉松弛程度显著降低(2% vs 59%;与稳定血流条件(n = 5)相比，P = .03)。相反，存在(n = 6)或不存在钙化(n = 3)不影响动脉舒张。两组间动脉收缩无明显差异(n = 9;N = 5稳定)或钙化(N = 6存在;N = 8缺席)。结论健康小鼠主动脉在4°C WI或37°C Opti-MEM条件下保存24 h均能保持内皮依赖性舒张和最大收缩力。在4°WI储存的人PAD动脉中，动脉采集前的血流状况，而不是动脉钙化，导致了人PAD动脉动脉舒张的差异。动脉收缩性(11/28条动脉)比动脉舒张性(7/28条动脉)更强，但在血流或钙化参数下差异不显著。这项工作定义了动脉环测试的理想储存条件，并确定了血液流动紊乱导致的EC功能障碍可能在延迟的离体动脉测试中持续存在。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of sac expansion without evident endoleak analyzed with X ray phase-contrast tomography X线相衬断层扫描分析囊腔扩张无明显内漏的机制

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100123

Takateru Yamamoto MD , Takuro Tsukube MD, PhD , Yuko Wada MD, PhD , Masato Hoshino PhD , Naoto Yagi PhD , Kazunori Nakagawa PhD , Yutaka Nakashima MD, PhD , Kenji Okada MD, PhD , Tatsuichiro Seto MD, PhD

Objective

Synchrotron radiation-based X ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) was used in this study to evaluate abdominal aorta specimens from patients with sac expansion without evidence of an endoleak (endotension) following endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The aim of this study was to analyze the morphologic structure of the aortic wall in patients with this condition and to establish the cause of the endotension.

Methods

Human aortic specimens of the abdominal aorta were obtained during open repair, fixed with formalin, and analyzed among three groups. Group A was specimens from open abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs (n = 7). Group E was specimens from sac expansion without an evident endoleak after EVAR (n = 7). Group N was specimens from non-aneurysmal “normal” cadaveric abdominal aortas (n = 5). Using XPCT (effective voxel size, 12.5 μm; density resolution, 1 mg/cm³), we measured the density of the tunica media (TM) in six regions of each sample. Then, any changes to the elastic lamina and the vasa vasorum were analyzed pathologically. The specimens were immunohistochemically examined with anti-CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies.

Results

The time from EVAR to open aortic repair was 64.2 ± 7.2 months. There were significant differences in the thickness of the TM among three groups: 0.98 ± 0.03 mm in Group N; 0.31 ± 0.01 mm in Group A; and 0.15 ± 0.03 mm in Group E (P < .005). There were significant differences in the TM density among the groups: 1.087 ± 0.004 g/cm³ in Group N; 1.070 ± 0.001 g/cm³ in Group A; and 1.062 ± 0.007 g/cm³ in Group E (P < .005). Differences in the thickness and density of the TM correlated with the thickness of the elastic lamina; in Group N, uniform high-density elastic fibers were observed in the TM. By contrast, a thinning of the elastic lamina in the TM was observed in Group A. A marked thinness and loss of elastic fibers was observed in Group E. CD31 immunostaining revealed that the vasa vasorum was localized in the adventitia and inside the outer third of the TM in Group N, and in the middle of the TM in Group A. In Group E, the vasa vasorum advanced up to the intima with vascular endothelial growth factor-positive cells in the intimal section.

Conclusions

XPCT could be used to demonstrate the densitometric property of the aortic aneurysmal wall after EVAR. We confirmed that the deformation process that occurs in the sac expansion after EVAR without evidence of an endoleak could be explained by hypoxia in the aortic wall.

目的本研究使用基于同步辐射的X射线相位对比断层扫描（XPCT）来评估腹主动脉瘤（AAA）腔内主动脉修复（EVAR）后囊扩张患者的腹主动脉样本，这些样本没有内漏（内张）的证据。本研究的目的是分析这种情况下患者主动脉壁的形态学结构，并确定主动脉壁内张的原因。方法取人腹主动脉开放修复标本，福尔马林固定，分三组进行分析。A组为开放性腹主动脉瘤修复标本（n=7）。E组为EVAR后无明显内漏的囊扩张标本（n=7）。N组是来自非动脉瘤“正常”尸体腹部主动脉的标本（N=5）。使用XPCT（有效体素大小，12.5μm；密度分辨率，1 mg/cm3），我们测量了每个样本六个区域的中膜（TM）密度。然后，对弹力层和输精管的任何变化进行病理分析。用抗CD31和血管内皮生长因子抗体对标本进行免疫组织化学检查。结果EVAR至主动脉开放修复时间为64.2±7.2个月，三组间TM厚度差异有统计学意义：N组为0.98±0.03mm；A组0.31±0.01mm；E组为0.15±0.03mm（P＜0.005）。各组间TM密度有显著差异：N组为1.087±0.004g/cm3；A组1.070±0.001 g/cm3；E组为1.062±0.007g/cm3（P＜0.005）。TM厚度和密度的差异与弹性层的厚度相关；在第N组中，在TM中观察到均匀的高密度弹性纤维。相反，在第a组中观察到TM中弹性薄层变薄。在第E组观察到弹性纤维的明显变薄和丢失。CD31免疫染色显示，血管血管狭窄定位于第N组的TM的外膜和外三分之一内，在a组中位于TM的中部。在E组中，输精管向内膜推进，内膜切片中有血管内皮生长因子阳性细胞。结论sXPCT可用于显示EVAR后主动脉瘤壁的密度特性。我们证实，在没有内漏证据的情况下，EVAR后囊扩张中发生的变形过程可以通过主动脉壁缺氧来解释。

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引用次数: 0

Drug-eluting, balloon-expandable, bioresorbable vascular scaffolds reduce neointimal thickness and stenosis in an animal model of percutaneous peripheral intervention 在经皮外周介入治疗动物模型中，药物洗脱、球囊可膨胀、生物可吸收血管支架可减少新内膜厚度和狭窄

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100114

Rym El Khoury MD , Ivan Tzvetanov MS , Edward A. Estrada BS , Edward McCarroll BS , Jared B. Goor PhD , Louis-Georges Guy PhD , Martin Laflamme AHT , Lewis B. Schwartz MD

Objective

Recanalization with balloon angioplasty and/or self-expanding stents (SES) has become the endovascular treatment of choice for symptomatic femoropopliteal occlusive disease. These strategies generate suboptimal clinical results, however, because they fail to expand the artery fully and ineffectively prevent recoil, neointimal hyperplasia, and restenosis. Balloon-expandable stents, given their greater radial force and rigid structure, represent a more effective treatment strategy, but only short lengths can be implanted safely in arteries that deform and bend with skeletal motion. The purpose of this preclinical experiment was to test the hypothesis that simultaneous implantation of a series of short, resorbable, balloon-expandable, paclitaxel-eluting scaffolds would prevent neointimal hyperplasia and stenosis compared with SES in an animal model of percutaneous femoropopliteal intervention.

Methods

We extruded 6 × 60 mm Efemoral Vascular Scaffold Systems (EVSS) from copolymers of poly-L-lactic acid, coated with paclitaxel 3 μg/mm², crimped onto a single delivery balloon, and implanted percutaneously into the iliofemoral arteries of eight Yucatan mini-swine. We implanted 7- to 8-mm × 60 mm SES into the contralateral experimental arteries. The animals were serially imaged with contrast angiography and optical coherence tomography after 30, 90, 180, 365, and 730 days. The primary end point of this study was neointimal morphometry over time. Secondary end points included acute deformation and angiographic and optical coherence tomography-derived measurements of chronic vascular response.

Results

Over the 2-year study period, one SES was found to be completely occluded at 90 days; all EVSS were widely patent at all time points. Arteries treated with SES exhibited profound neointimal hyperplasia with in-stent stenosis. In contrast, arteries treated with EVSS exhibited only modest vascular responses and minimal stenosis. After 2 years, the mean neointimal thickness (0.45 ± 0.12 vs 1.31 ± 0.91 mm; P < .05) and area (8.41 ± 3.35 vs 21.86 ± 7.37 mm²; P < .05) were significantly decreased after EVSS implantation. By 2 years, all scaffolds in all EVSS-treated arteries had resorbed fully.

Conclusions

In this preclinical animal model of peripheral endovascular intervention, the EVSS decreased neointimal hyperplasia and stenosis significantly compared with SES, then dissolved completely between the first and second years after implantation.

目的球囊血管成形术和/或自扩张支架(SES)通管已成为治疗症状性股腘动脉闭塞性疾病的首选血管内治疗方法。然而，这些策略产生了不理想的临床结果，因为它们不能充分扩张动脉，也不能有效地防止后坐力、内膜增生和再狭窄。气球可膨胀支架具有更大的径向力和刚性结构，是一种更有效的治疗策略，但只有短长度的支架可以安全地植入随着骨骼运动而变形和弯曲的动脉。本临床前实验的目的是验证在经皮股腘动脉介入动物模型中，与SES相比，同时植入一系列短的、可吸收的、球囊可膨胀的紫杉醇洗脱支架可以防止内膜增生和狭窄的假设。方法将聚l -乳酸共聚物挤出6 × 60 mm的股动脉血管支架系统(EVSS)，包被紫杉醇3 μg/mm2，卷接在单个给药球上，经皮植入8只尤卡坦迷你猪的髂股动脉。我们将7 ~ 8 mm × 60 mm的SES植入对侧实验动脉。分别于30、90、180、365和730天对动物进行对比血管造影和光学相干断层扫描。这项研究的主要终点是随时间变化的新生内膜形态测定。次要终点包括急性变形和血管造影和光学相干断层扫描衍生的慢性血管反应测量。结果在2年的研究期间，发现1例SES在90天完全闭塞;所有EVSS在所有时间点均广泛专利。用SES治疗的动脉表现出严重的内膜增生和支架内狭窄。相比之下，EVSS治疗的动脉只有适度的血管反应和最小的狭窄。2年后，平均内膜厚度(0.45±0.12 vs 1.31±0.91 mm);P & lt;0.05)和面积(8.41±3.35 vs 21.86±7.37 mm2;P & lt;(0.05)， EVSS植入后显著降低。2年时，所有evss治疗动脉内的支架均完全吸收。结论在外周血管内干预的临床前动物模型中，与SES相比，EVSS明显减少了内膜增生和狭窄，并在植入后1 - 2年完全溶解。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of hydrophilic polymer embolization from endovascular sheath devices in an in vitro perfusion system 体外灌注系统中血管内鞘管装置亲水性聚合物栓塞的评价。

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100127

Alexa Mordhorst MD , Gary K. Yang MD, PhD , Nicholas Reitsma BHK , Jerry C. Chen MD , Bei Yuan Zhang MD, MPH , Sahib Suri BMLSc , Joel Gagnon MD

Objective

Case reports, tissue pathology, and autopsies have suggested that the hydrophilic polymer coating designed to improve endovascular deliverability and minimize vessel trauma can embolize and be associated with adverse outcomes such as ischemia, infarction, and death. This study sought to determine whether hydrophilic polymers shed off commercially available sheaths in a controlled in vitro environment, with the hypothesis that significant differences between coated and uncoated (control) sheaths would be found.

Methods

Six sheaths from each manufacturer, including Zenith Alpha abdominal endovascular stent grafts (Cook Medical), DrySeal sheaths (W.L. Gore & Associates), and Sentrant Introducer sheaths (Medtronic), were tested in an in vitro environment. Noncoated Check-Flo performer introducer sheaths (Cook Medical) were used as controls. Each test circuit ran for 150 minutes at an output of 3 L/min, the circuit was then drained and the fluid collected. Quantitative analysis included weighing the dried filter paper and using particle size light scattering to quantify the particle size and count. Attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy was also used.

Results

Each of the three coated sheaths had significantly greater shedding compared with the control sheaths. The Cook Zenith alpha sheath had significantly more residue weight (2.87 ± 0.52 mg/L) than the Gore DrySeal (1.07 ± 0.06 mg/L) and Medtronic Sentrant introducer (0.98 ± 0.14 mg/L) sheaths. The average particle size was not significantly different between the coated and uncoated (control) sheaths. Attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy identified sheath particulate in the Cook Zenith Alpha and Medtronic Sentrant samples.

Conclusions

Polymer embolization was present and significantly greater in all three commercially available hydrophilic sheaths compared with the control group. Further investigation is needed into the clinical significance of these findings.

目的：病例报告、组织病理学和尸检表明，旨在提高血管内输送能力和最大限度地减少血管创伤的亲水性聚合物涂层可能会栓塞，并与缺血、梗死和死亡等不良后果有关。这项研究试图确定亲水性聚合物是否在受控的体外环境中脱落市售鞘，并假设涂层鞘和未涂层鞘（对照）之间存在显著差异。方法：在体外环境中测试每个制造商的六个鞘管，包括Zenith Alpha腹部血管内支架移植物（Cook Medical）、DrySeal鞘管（W.L.Gore&Associates）和Sentrant Introducer鞘管（Medtronic）。对照组采用非涂层Check-Flo导管鞘（Cook Medical）。每个测试回路以3L/min的输出运行150分钟，然后排出回路并收集流体。定量分析包括称量干燥的滤纸，并使用粒度光散射来量化粒度和计数。衰减全反射光谱也被使用。结果：与对照鞘相比，三个涂层鞘中的每一个都有显著更大的脱落。Cook Zenithα鞘的残留物重量（2.87±0.52 mg/L）明显高于Gore DrySeal鞘（1.07±0.06 mg/L）和美敦力Sentrant导管鞘（0.98±0.14 mg/L）。涂层鞘和未涂层鞘（对照）之间的平均粒径没有显著差异。衰减全反射光谱法在Cook Zenith Alpha和Medtronic Sentrant样品中鉴定出鞘状颗粒。结论：与对照组相比，所有三种市售亲水性鞘中都存在聚合物栓塞，且栓塞程度明显更高。需要进一步研究这些发现的临床意义。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of Acute Distension Injury in Vein Graft Implantation Through Integrated Single-nuclei and Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis 通过单核和空间转录组学综合分析研究静脉移植物植入过程中的急性扩张损伤

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100137

Marina Michaud , Lucas Mota , William Pilcher , John Tomeo , Tarek Aridi , Beena Thomas , Mojtaba Bakhtiari , Mauricio Contreras , Leena Pradhan-Nabzdyk , Frank LoGerfo , Patric Liang , Manoj Bhasin

引用次数: 0

Technique For Testing Drug-coated Balloons In Deep Veins In Vivo 在体内深静脉中测试药物涂层球囊的技术

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100173

Oscar Y. Moreno Rocha , Kiran Kumar , Sabrina Rocco , Sriganesh Sharma , Catherine Luke , Laura Durham , Amber Clay , Sharika Bamezai , Daniel D. Myers Jr. , Thomas Wakefield , Peter Henke , Andrea T. Obi

引用次数: 0

Pharmacologic Inhibition of Ferroptosis Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation 药物抑制铁氧化酶可减轻腹主动脉瘤的形成

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100162

Jonathan R. Krebs , Su Gang , Paolo A. Bellotti , Guanyi Lu , Ashish Sharma , Gilbert R. Upchurch Jr.

引用次数: 0

Smooth Muscle Cell-specific Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Deletion Reduces Osteogenic Transformation and Medial Artery Calcification 平滑肌细胞特异性基质金属蛋白酶-3缺失可减少成骨转化和内侧动脉钙化

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100163

Yangzhouyun Xie , Tonghui Lin , Alexa Berezowitz , Xue-Lin Wang , Yujun Cai , Raul J. Guzman

引用次数: 0

Metformin ameliorates established abdominal aortic aneurysms induced by elastase in mice 二甲双胍改善弹性蛋白酶诱导的小鼠腹主动脉瘤

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100103

Hong S. Lu MD, PhD , Hisashi Sawada MD, PhD , Alan Daugherty PhD, DSc

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Endotheliopathy by Chromatin-associated Long Noncoding RNA 染色质相关长非编码 RNA 对内皮细胞病变的调控

Q3 Medicine

JVS-vascular science

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100167

Zhen B. Chen , Xiaofang Tang , Kiran Sriram , Yingjun Luo , Dongqiang Yuan , Naseeb Kaur Malhi , Xuejing Liu , Rama Natarajan

引用次数: 0

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