Rana Hussein Kutaif, Mustafa G. Alabbassi, Weqar Akram Hussein, Zainab Faleh Ali, Shatha Khayun Jassim
Abdominal fat synthesizes a variety of adipokines, including vaspin and chemerin, that affect the resistance to insulin. This research was conducted to demonstrate the effect of pioglitazone, one insulin sensitizer used to decrease insulin resistance, on these adipokines in obese patients with polycystic ovary (PCOS). Twenty-five obese women with PCOS were treated with pioglitazone 15mg/bid for 12 weeks. Modifications in fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum fasting insulin (FSI), chemerin and vaspin serum levels, follicle stimulation hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and in baseline and post-therapy were assessed. Body mass index decreased without any substantial variance after 12 weeks of pioglitazone therapy (P> 0.05). T, FSI, HOMA-IR, LH, and FBG levels have decreased considerably (P≤0.01, P≤0.05) after the therapy. No substantial variations were found in FSH (P>0.05). Serum chemerin and vaspin levels were observed no significant difference than before treatment (P>0.05) in obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome cases.
{"title":"Effect of pioglitazone treatment on serum chemerin and vaspin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Rana Hussein Kutaif, Mustafa G. Alabbassi, Weqar Akram Hussein, Zainab Faleh Ali, Shatha Khayun Jassim","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i1.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.789","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal fat synthesizes a variety of adipokines, including vaspin and chemerin, that affect the resistance to insulin. This research was conducted to demonstrate the effect of pioglitazone, one insulin sensitizer used to decrease insulin resistance, on these adipokines in \u0000 \u0000obese patients with polycystic ovary (PCOS). Twenty-five obese women with PCOS were treated with pioglitazone 15mg/bid for 12 weeks. Modifications in fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum fasting insulin (FSI), chemerin and vaspin serum levels, follicle stimulation hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and in baseline and post-therapy were assessed. Body mass index decreased without any substantial variance after 12 weeks of pioglitazone therapy (P> 0.05). T, FSI, HOMA-IR, LH, and FBG levels have decreased considerably (P≤0.01, P≤0.05) after the therapy. No substantial variations were found in FSH (P>0.05). Serum chemerin and vaspin levels were observed no significant difference than before treatment (P>0.05) in obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome cases.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74489784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fadwa Ghassan Hameed, Inam Sameh Arif, Mohammed Mahmood Mohammed, Hala S. Arif
Unusual cases of coexistence between Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis have occurred. There are characteristics of both diseases in this community of patients, and laboratory and histo pathological findings can be misleading. Wilson disease's clinical appearance can differ widely; thus, there is not always an easy diagnosis. In addition to being childhood and young adult illnesses, Wilson's disease can also be triggered at any age. Liver disease and cirrhosis, neuropsychiatric disorders, Kayser-Fleischer(KF.) rings, and acute hemolysis events are the primary characteristics of Wilson's disease, frequently in combination with acute liver failure. Diagnosis is extremely difficult for children and adults with active liver disease. None of the latest Wilson's disease laboratory tests are optimal and may not be specific. Therefore, by taking into account acute hepatitis similar to Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis, concomitant treatment with immunosuppression and penicillamine may have a superior impact.
{"title":"Co-occurrence of Wilson disease and Auto-Immune Hepatitis in 14-year-old female: A case report","authors":"Fadwa Ghassan Hameed, Inam Sameh Arif, Mohammed Mahmood Mohammed, Hala S. Arif","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i2.803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i2.803","url":null,"abstract":"Unusual cases of coexistence between Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis have occurred. There are characteristics of both diseases in this community of patients, and laboratory and histo pathological findings can be misleading. Wilson disease's clinical appearance can differ widely; thus, \u0000there is not always an easy diagnosis. In addition to being childhood and young adult illnesses, Wilson's disease can also be triggered at any age. Liver disease and cirrhosis, neuropsychiatric disorders, Kayser-Fleischer(KF.) rings, and acute hemolysis events are the primary characteristics of Wilson's disease, frequently in combination with acute liver failure. Diagnosis is extremely difficult for children and adults with active liver disease. None of the latest Wilson's disease laboratory tests are optimal and may not be specific. Therefore, by taking into account acute hepatitis similar to Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis, concomitant treatment with immunosuppression and penicillamine may have a superior impact.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86470147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noor Wafaa Hashim, Kadhim Ali Kadhim, Abbas Mahdi Rahmah
Background: Both human insulin and insulin analogue used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The modification in amino acids sequences of human insulin lead to produce analogue form which have a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics effect near to normal human endogenous insulin release. Aim of study: This study designed to compare between the effect of each type of insulin on high sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 and total antioxidant capacity in a sample of Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolescents. Study design: The study was enrolled on fifty-one Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolecence age range (6-18) year. The patients allocated into two groups, Group (1) includes 20 patients assigned to receive conventional human insulin (regular and NPH), and Group (2) includes 20 patients assigned to receive insulin analogue (insulin aspart and glargine) for three months. The inflammatory and antioxidant markers measured at baseline and after three months of intervention. Results: After three months of treatment, both insulin groups did not affect high sensetive C_reactive protein (hs-CRP) significantly from baseline to 3 months. Only insulin analogue reduced Interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly, while human insulin reduced level of IL-6 but it was not statistically significant. Both therapies reduced total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) significantly; however, insulin analogue had higher reduction percentage (15.1% vs. 5.7%) compared to the conventional insulin. Conclusion: Only insulin analogue reduced IL-6 significantly. Both types of insulins did not effect on hs-CRP. Both therapies reduce TAOC significantly.
背景:人胰岛素和胰岛素类似物均用于1型糖尿病的治疗。通过对人胰岛素氨基酸序列的修饰，产生了类似的胰岛素，其药代动力学和药效学效应接近于正常的人内源性胰岛素释放。研究目的:本研究旨在比较伊拉克1型糖尿病儿童和青少年样本中每种胰岛素对高敏c反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6以及总抗氧化能力的影响。研究设计:本研究纳入51名伊拉克1型糖尿病儿童和青少年(6-18岁)。患者被分为两组，组(1)包括20名患者接受常规人胰岛素(常规和非ph)，组(2)包括20名患者接受胰岛素类似物(胰岛素分离和甘精)，为期3个月。在基线和干预三个月后测量炎症和抗氧化标志物。结果:治疗3个月后，从基线到3个月，两组胰岛素对高敏C_reactive protein (hs-CRP)无显著影响。只有胰岛素类似物能显著降低白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)水平，而人胰岛素能降低IL-6水平，但无统计学意义。两种疗法均显著降低总抗氧化能力(TAOC);然而，与传统胰岛素相比，胰岛素类似物具有更高的降低百分比(15.1%对5.7%)。结论:仅胰岛素类似物可显著降低IL-6。两种胰岛素对hs-CRP均无影响。两种疗法均可显著降低TAOC。
{"title":"Effect of human insulin and insulin analogue on some inflammatory markers and total antioxidant capacity in a sample of Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolescents","authors":"Noor Wafaa Hashim, Kadhim Ali Kadhim, Abbas Mahdi Rahmah","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i2.804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i2.804","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Both human insulin and insulin analogue used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The modification in amino acids sequences of human insulin lead to produce analogue form which have a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics effect near to normal human endogenous \u0000 \u0000insulin release. \u0000Aim of study: This study designed to compare between the effect of each type of insulin on high sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 and total antioxidant capacity in a sample of Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolescents. \u0000Study design: The study was enrolled on fifty-one Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolecence age range (6-18) year. The patients allocated into two groups, Group (1) includes 20 patients assigned to receive conventional human insulin (regular and NPH), and Group (2) includes 20 patients assigned to receive insulin analogue (insulin aspart and glargine) for three months. The inflammatory and antioxidant markers measured at baseline and after three months of intervention. \u0000Results: After three months of treatment, both insulin groups did not affect high sensetive C_reactive protein (hs-CRP) significantly from baseline to 3 months. Only insulin analogue reduced Interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly, while human insulin reduced level of IL-6 but it was not statistically significant. Both therapies reduced total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) significantly; however, insulin analogue had higher reduction percentage (15.1% vs. 5.7%) compared to the conventional insulin. \u0000Conclusion: Only insulin analogue reduced IL-6 significantly. Both types of insulins did not effect on hs-CRP. Both therapies reduce TAOC significantly.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83170610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacterial diseases are an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The Improper and uncontrolled use of antibiotics contribute to the bacterial resistance to antibiotics. It is well known that the antibiotics stop bacterial infections by killing or inhibiting their growth. Antibiotics are interfering with critical functions that are important for bacterial growth. To overcome this, bacteria developed different mechanisms to resist the antibiotics and survive. Targeting bacterial function without killing them is a promising way to inhibit bacterial infection. Bacterial adherence is a serious step towards infection. Anti –adhesion therapy aims to inhibit bacterial infection via interfering with bacterial attachment without killing them. This review will cover different strategies in anti-adhesion therapy.
{"title":"Strategies in anti-adhesion therapy: A review article","authors":"Fitua Al-Saedi","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i1.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.799","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial diseases are an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The Improper and uncontrolled use of antibiotics contribute to the bacterial resistance to antibiotics. \u0000It is well known that the antibiotics stop bacterial infections by killing or \u0000 \u0000inhibiting their growth. Antibiotics are interfering with critical functions that are important for bacterial growth. To overcome this, bacteria developed different mechanisms to resist the antibiotics and survive. \u0000Targeting bacterial function without killing them is a promising way to inhibit bacterial infection. Bacterial adherence is a serious step towards infection. Anti –adhesion therapy aims to inhibit bacterial infection via interfering with bacterial attachment without killing them. \u0000This review will cover different strategies in anti-adhesion therapy.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"246 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87157152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A bioanalytical method which utilizes high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of valsartan in human plasma. The samples were processed by precipitation with formic acid then extracted with diethyl ether. Benazepril was used as an internal standard. The chromatographic separation is performed through C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of deionized water, acetonitrile and formic acid, followed by mass spectrometric detection in the positive ionization mode. The proposed method was specific and had been validated in the linear range of 50.0 – 5000.0 ng/ml for valsartan. The validation results were as follows: the intra-day and inter-day precision were 3.46 to 8.33% and 5.85 to 7.05% respectively, the intra-day and inter-day accuracy were 93.53 to 107.13% and 95.26 to 104.0% respectively. The recovery for valsartan and benazepril was 81.4% and 113.7% respectively. Also, stability was studied and the results obtained for short-term stability 99.24 to 102.32%, for freeze / thaw stability 99.75 to 99.95% and for long-term stability 98.24 to 103.03%. It can be concluded that the method can be applied in pharmacokinetic bioequivalence studies.
{"title":"Development and validation of bioanalytical method for the determination of valsartan in human plasma","authors":"S. H. Ramadhan","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i4.795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i4.795","url":null,"abstract":"A bioanalytical method which utilizes high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of valsartan in human plasma. The samples were processed by precipitation with formic acid then extracted with diethyl ether. Benazepril \u0000 \u0000was used as an internal standard. The chromatographic separation is performed through C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of deionized water, acetonitrile and formic acid, followed by mass spectrometric detection in the positive ionization mode. The proposed method was specific and had been validated in the linear range of 50.0 – 5000.0 ng/ml for valsartan. The validation results were as follows: the intra-day and inter-day precision were 3.46 to 8.33% and 5.85 to 7.05% respectively, the intra-day and inter-day accuracy were 93.53 to 107.13% and 95.26 to 104.0% respectively. The recovery for valsartan and benazepril was 81.4% and 113.7% respectively. Also, stability was studied and the results obtained for short-term stability 99.24 to 102.32%, for freeze / thaw stability 99.75 to 99.95% and for long-term stability 98.24 to 103.03%. It can be concluded that the method can be applied in pharmacokinetic bioequivalence studies.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88834522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work aims to enhance dissolution rate, increase absorption and bioavailability of Apigenin by formulating it as nanocrystal suspension employing ultrasonic technology. Two different diluents; (5%, 10%) microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and (2%, 3%) anhydrous lactose were used to prepare hard gelatin capsules for two optimum types for apigenin nanocrystals prepared in our laboratory utilizing ultrasonication technique using 1% tween 80 (F6) and 2% poloxamer 188 (F20). The results showed that the marketed capsules (containing MCC) had about half the dissolution rate than all the prepared nanocrystals capsules formulas, and the nanocrystals prepared with poloxamer gave 90% release within 20 minutes and 100% release with 2 hours with excellent flow properties with no effect of the added diluents while the addition of diluents improved significantly the release of nanocrystals capsules (F6) with 1% tween 80 with good flow properties. The results suggested that utilizing apigenin nanocrystals prepared by ultrasonication technique may improve drug absorption and bioavailability with a reduced required dose.
{"title":"Preparation and evaluation of oral capsules containing apigenin nanocrystals prepared by ultrasonication","authors":"Mahmood A. Haiss, Nidhal K. Maraie","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i3.793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i3.793","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to enhance dissolution rate, increase absorption and bioavailability of Apigenin by formulating it as nanocrystal suspension employing ultrasonic technology. Two different diluents; (5%, 10%) microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and (2%, 3%) anhydrous lactose were used to prepare hard gelatin \u0000capsules for two optimum types for apigenin nanocrystals prepared in our laboratory utilizing ultrasonication technique using 1% tween 80 (F6) and 2% poloxamer 188 (F20). The results showed that the marketed capsules (containing MCC) had about half the dissolution rate than all the prepared nanocrystals capsules formulas, and the nanocrystals prepared with poloxamer gave 90% release within 20 minutes and 100% release with 2 hours with excellent flow properties with no effect of the added diluents while the addition of diluents improved significantly the release of nanocrystals capsules (F6) with 1% tween 80 with good flow properties. The results suggested that utilizing apigenin nanocrystals prepared by ultrasonication technique may improve drug absorption and bioavailability with a reduced required dose.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81426730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple Sclerosis is a harmful disease causes severe and painful symptoms. In the recent period, researchers have tended to study the effect of vitamin D deficiency on general health. Several studies have reported that there is a relation between vitamin D levels and MS disease progression. Epidemiological testimony and reports have recorded that there are an association between the decrement in plasma vitamin D levels and the incidence of MS also with the disease development; and it has seen that when take vitamin D as supplement may protect the MS patients against disease development. Despite clear evidence of the correlation between disease progression and vitamin D deficiency but the mechanism yet unclear.
{"title":"The Impact of Vitamin D on The Development of Multiple Sclerosis (Review article)","authors":"Aseel Ghassan Daoud, Huda Jaber Waheed, Mayssaa Essam Abdala","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i3.792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i3.792","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple Sclerosis is a harmful disease causes severe and painful symptoms. In the recent period, researchers have tended to study the effect of vitamin D deficiency on general health. Several studies have reported that there is a relation between vitamin D levels and MS disease progression. Epidemiological testimony \u0000and reports have recorded that there are an association between the decrement in plasma vitamin D levels and the incidence of MS also with the disease development; and it has seen that when take vitamin D as supplement may protect the MS patients against disease development. Despite clear evidence of the correlation between disease progression and vitamin D deficiency but the mechanism yet unclear.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"282 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86565136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noor S Jaafar, Maha N Hamad, Duha A Alshammaa, Zainab S Noori
Ficusreligiosa Linn, (Moraceae), is a large evergreen or deciduous, irregularly shaped tree. Traditionally the leaves are used for the treatment of constipation, vomiting, hiccup, and others. Leaves were extracted by two methods; maceration and soxhelt using hexane and 80% aqueous methanol, then subjected to preliminary phytochemical examination, fractionation with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n.butanol, then TLC. Soxhelt was the suitable extraction method. Sterols, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids were identified in leaves. TLC examination demonstrates the possible presence of stigmasterol, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, and luteolin or apigenin.
{"title":"Phytochemical study and thin layer chromatography of Ficusreligiosa leaves extract cultivated in Iraq","authors":"Noor S Jaafar, Maha N Hamad, Duha A Alshammaa, Zainab S Noori","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i2.807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i2.807","url":null,"abstract":"Ficusreligiosa Linn, (Moraceae), is a large evergreen or deciduous, irregularly shaped tree. Traditionally the leaves are used for the treatment of constipation, vomiting, hiccup, and others. Leaves were extracted by two methods; maceration and soxhelt using hexane and \u0000 \u000080% aqueous methanol, then subjected to preliminary phytochemical examination, fractionation with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n.butanol, then TLC. Soxhelt was the suitable extraction method. Sterols, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids were identified in leaves. TLC examination demonstrates the possible presence of stigmasterol, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, and luteolin or apigenin.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85293830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Israa Burhan Raoof, Zahraa Ahmed Okhti, Mayssaa E. Abdalah
Covid -19 is a viral disease play important role in danger pathogens for human, it is infecting on respiratory, hepatic, central nervous systems and gastrointestinal, in addition to that, the triggers included cytokine storm is inflammatory response to viral infection Therefore, excessive enhance of immune cells lead to new of pro-inflammatory cytokines. COVID-19 interaction with the cardiovascular system on different levels, rising death percent in people underlying cardiovascular state provoking myocardial injury. Respiratory infection varying from mild cold to the severe illness like as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome the most important coronavirus (COVID-19) complications, however individuals with asymptomatic disease were also suspected of possible infectious transmission, which further adds to the uncertainty of the dynamic of disease transmission in COVID-19 infections, Suppression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) expression by inflammatory cytokines accompanied by the decrease of estrogens and androgens of the elderly, establish a negative correlation between ACE2 expression and mortality in other cases may lead to infertility. Early detection by PCR has aided the identification of the pathogen at an early level. Furthermore, the treatment includes the effectiveness of glucocorticoid drugs (dexamethasone), anti-malaria drug (hydroxychloroquine), azithromycin (antibacterial drug) and favipiravir are all drugs recommended in illness with Covid-19. Remdesivir suppression COVID-19 replication and decreases viral load, alleviates clinical signs and improves pulmonary injury, therefore Remdesivir drug has been used as a compassionate medicine for treating COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"Clinical Signs, Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatments Involved in Corona Viruses-19","authors":"Israa Burhan Raoof, Zahraa Ahmed Okhti, Mayssaa E. Abdalah","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i1.776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.776","url":null,"abstract":"Covid -19 is a viral disease play important role in danger pathogens for human, it is infecting on respiratory, hepatic, central nervous systems and gastrointestinal, in addition to that, the triggers included cytokine storm is inflammatory response to viral infection \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Therefore, excessive enhance of immune cells lead to new of pro-inflammatory cytokines. COVID-19 interaction with the cardiovascular system on different levels, rising death percent in people underlying cardiovascular state provoking myocardial injury. Respiratory infection varying from mild cold to the severe illness like as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome the most important coronavirus (COVID-19) complications, however individuals with asymptomatic disease were also suspected of possible infectious transmission, which further adds to the uncertainty of the dynamic of disease transmission in COVID-19 infections, Suppression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) expression by inflammatory cytokines accompanied by the decrease of estrogens and androgens of the elderly, establish a negative correlation between ACE2 expression and mortality in other cases may lead to infertility. Early detection by PCR has aided the identification of the pathogen at an early level. Furthermore, the treatment includes the effectiveness of glucocorticoid drugs (dexamethasone), anti-malaria drug (hydroxychloroquine), azithromycin (antibacterial drug) and favipiravir are all drugs recommended in illness with Covid-19. Remdesivir suppression COVID-19 replication and decreases viral load, alleviates clinical signs and improves pulmonary injury, therefore Remdesivir drug has been used as a compassionate medicine for treating COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85531839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mustafa Hameed Majeed, Abdul–Kareem Kadhim Alkhazraji
Background: Bell’s palsy is unilateral peripheral paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve, several mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of this disease, among the viral infections specially herpes virus's family including roseola viruses that have been detected in patients' saliva. Method: A case-control study conducted on Bell’s palsy patients at al-Imamein Al-kadhimein Medical City throughout the period from March 2019 to November 2019. Saliva samples were taken from 50 patients (18-55) years of age with early stages of Bell's palsy and from 50 apparently healthy and age and sex matched volunteers as control. Viral DNA was extracted from the saliva and then real time PCR for detection and quantification of HHV6 DNA in these patients Results: Saliva samples taken from 28 patients in the Bell’s palsy patients (56%) tested positive for HHV6, as vs. to just 8 (16%) in the healthy group(control) (P= 0.028). There was increase amount of HHV6 load in patients compare to control group (p=0.001). Regarding the demographic values, an important difference in the detection rate for Human herpes virus-6 between male (64%) and females (35%) (P= 0.02). There was significant correlation between age and grading (p =0.01), as increase age correlate with high grading, also between viral load of HH6 and grading as increase viral load of the virus correlate with high grading (p = 0.001). Conclusion: HHV-6 virus might have a potential role in the pathogenesis of Bell’s palsy.
{"title":"Detection of Human Herpes Virus-6 in saliva of Patients with Bell's palsy","authors":"Mustafa Hameed Majeed, Abdul–Kareem Kadhim Alkhazraji","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i1.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.801","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bell’s palsy is unilateral peripheral paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve, several mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of this disease, among the viral infections specially herpes virus's family including roseola viruses that have been detected in patients' saliva. \u0000Method: A case-control study conducted on Bell’s palsy patients at al-Imamein Al-kadhimein Medical City throughout the period from March 2019 to November 2019. Saliva samples were taken from 50 patients (18-55) years of age with early stages of Bell's palsy and from 50 apparently healthy and age and sex matched volunteers as control. Viral DNA was extracted from the saliva and then real time PCR for detection and quantification of HHV6 DNA in these patients \u0000Results: Saliva samples taken from 28 patients in the Bell’s palsy patients (56%) tested positive for HHV6, as vs. to just 8 (16%) in the healthy group(control) (P= 0.028). There was increase amount of HHV6 load in patients compare to control group (p=0.001). Regarding the demographic values, an important difference in the detection rate for Human herpes virus-6 between male (64%) and females (35%) (P= 0.02). There was significant correlation between age and grading (p =0.01), as increase age correlate with high grading, also between viral load of HH6 and grading as increase viral load of the virus correlate with high grading (p = 0.001). \u0000Conclusion: HHV-6 virus might have a potential role in the pathogenesis of Bell’s palsy.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85108038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：