Hepatotoxicity is a term used to describe serious health complications of liver disease caused by a variety of factors. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 linked factor (Nrf2) as a potential mediator of hepatotoxicity via inflammatory and induction of oxidative stress, oxidation produces more toxic compounds caused more pathogenic cases; therefore, to maintain sufficient homeostasis, involve antioxidant materials and detoxification factors. Controlling cytokine activity in normal cells is a useful way to regulate the signaling pathway of Nrf2. Recent studies found a relation between each Nrf2 and NF-κB activation and drug-induced liver injury. This review presents a detailed and conformation update of Nrf2 roles in hepatotoxicity which considers that drug-induced liver injury is the main problem to draw attention in medical clinics and to develop new drugs with less harmful to the liver. In addition to that. Kept each of normal oxidation and cytokines levels is crucial responses for cells alteration and remaining to survive.
{"title":"Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Linked Factor (Nrf2) as a Potential Mediator of Hepatotoxicity","authors":"Inam Sameh Arif, Israa Burhan Raoof, Hayder Hussein Luaibi","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i4.796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i4.796","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatotoxicity is a term used to describe serious health complications of liver disease caused by a variety of factors. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 linked factor (Nrf2) as a potential mediator of hepatotoxicity via inflammatory and induction of oxidative stress, oxidation \u0000produces more toxic compounds caused more pathogenic cases; therefore, to maintain sufficient homeostasis, involve antioxidant materials and detoxification factors. Controlling cytokine activity in normal cells is a useful way to regulate the signaling pathway of Nrf2. Recent studies found a relation between each Nrf2 and NF-κB activation and drug-induced liver injury. This review presents a detailed and conformation update of Nrf2 roles in hepatotoxicity which considers that drug-induced liver injury is the main problem to draw attention in medical clinics and to develop new drugs with less harmful to the liver. In addition to that. Kept each of normal oxidation and cytokines levels is crucial responses for cells alteration and remaining to survive.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77049641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasir F. Muhsin, Shakir M. Alwan, Ayad Kareem Khan
Infections caused by bacteria have a significant impact on public health. Chemical synthesis of new derivatives of cephalexin inked to amino acid (tryptophan or histidine) through an amide bond at the acyl side chain is achieved. This is a new approach of incorporating, tryptophan and histidine into the the primary amino group of cephalexin, in order to provide a bulky group very close to the β-lactam ring. This chemical addition act as isosteric group to the alkoximino that protect beta lactam ring from bacterial beta lactamase enzyme. The new derivatives may show resistance to β-lactamases, improve activity and pharmacokinetic properties and may give new life for old drugs that are susceptible to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases. The chemical structures of these derivatives were confirmed by: FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, elemental micro analysis and some physical properties. Molecular docking on serine beta lactamase and prediction of ADME parameters were recorded using GOLD suite and Swiss ADME software respectively. Docking scores of the new derivatives of Cephalexin on β-lactamases were higher than those of Cephalexin, which may indicate better activity
{"title":"Design, Molecular Docking, Synthesis of Aromatic Amino Acids Linked to Cephalexin.","authors":"Yasir F. Muhsin, Shakir M. Alwan, Ayad Kareem Khan","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i3.794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i3.794","url":null,"abstract":"Infections caused by bacteria have a significant impact on public health. Chemical synthesis of new derivatives of cephalexin inked to amino acid (tryptophan or histidine) through an amide bond at the acyl side chain is achieved. This is a new \u0000approach of incorporating, tryptophan and histidine into the the primary amino group of cephalexin, in order to provide a bulky group very close to the β-lactam ring. This chemical addition act as isosteric group to the alkoximino that protect beta lactam ring from bacterial beta lactamase enzyme. The new derivatives may show resistance to β-lactamases, improve activity and pharmacokinetic properties and may give new life for old drugs that are susceptible to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases. The chemical structures of these derivatives were confirmed by: FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, elemental micro analysis and some physical properties. Molecular docking on serine beta lactamase and prediction of ADME parameters were recorded using GOLD suite and Swiss ADME software respectively. Docking scores of the new derivatives of Cephalexin on β-lactamases were higher than those of Cephalexin, which may indicate better activity","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75194664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khulood Saadoon Salim, Atheer S. Alsabah, Hassanian S. Taghi
Misuse of antibiotics is one of the health problems worldwide. In Iraq, prevalence of self- medication with antibiotics increases resistant organisms, this will lead to bad impacts on health and economic aspects in the future. Aim of study is to review the published articles on the antibiotics misuse in Iraq, in addition to assess the level of the population’s knowledge towards antibiotics misuse and the suggested recommendation to reduce this problem. Method: In this study 12 articles conducted in different regions of Iraq were reviewed to assess antibiotic misuse in a period from 2014-2020.Results: The results demonstrated high prevalence of antibiotic misuse among Iraqi population ranging from (45%- 92%). In addition, poor knowledge among population towards antibiotics misuse also reported. Bad attitudes of pharmacists and physicians regarding antibiotics prescribing and dispensing were registered. Conclusion: The review focuses on important health issue in Iraq that effect on health & economic system. New legislations and restriction need to apply to limit this problem.
{"title":"Misuse of antibiotics in Iraq: A review of Iraqi published studies","authors":"Khulood Saadoon Salim, Atheer S. Alsabah, Hassanian S. Taghi","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i2.805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i2.805","url":null,"abstract":"Misuse of antibiotics is one of the health problems worldwide. In Iraq, prevalence of self- medication with antibiotics increases resistant organisms, this will lead to bad impacts on health and economic aspects in the future. Aim of study is to review the published articles on the antibiotics misuse in Iraq, in \u0000 \u0000addition to assess the level of the population’s knowledge towards antibiotics misuse and the suggested recommendation to reduce this problem. Method: In this study 12 articles conducted in different regions of Iraq were reviewed to assess antibiotic misuse in a period from 2014-2020.Results: The results demonstrated high prevalence of antibiotic misuse among Iraqi population ranging from (45%- 92%). In addition, poor knowledge among population towards antibiotics misuse also reported. Bad attitudes of pharmacists and physicians regarding antibiotics prescribing and dispensing were registered. Conclusion: The review focuses on important health issue in Iraq that effect on health & economic system. New legislations and restriction need to apply to limit this problem.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91443460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Abdulaziz Ahmed, Baydaa Hameed Abdulah, Yaser Mustafa Kamal
Since ancient times Urtica dioica has been used as an herbal medicine in Western Asia. The current study demonstrates the anti-bacterial effect of N_butanol extraction of Urtica dioica. The antibacterial effect was tested against some of gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients having urinary tract infection. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used. Urticasea is a family of plant known for their medicinal activity from folk medicine. Urtica dioica is a member of urticasea and it is known for it is antibacterial effect. Methods The leaves of Urtica dioica were collected in Iraq from jisr dayla district in Baghdad province in april 2019.The N_butanol extraction was compared with the drug ciprofloxacin. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the sensitivity of the samples. Results The N_ butanol extract shows weak inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli while other strain does not affect by extract comparing with ciprofloxacin. Conclusion The N_butanol extract of urtica dioica have weak antibacterial effect when compared with ciproflxacine
{"title":"Study the antibacterial effect of N_butanol extract of Urtica dioica","authors":"Ahmed Abdulaziz Ahmed, Baydaa Hameed Abdulah, Yaser Mustafa Kamal","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i1.800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.800","url":null,"abstract":"Since ancient times Urtica dioica has been used as an herbal medicine in Western Asia. The current study demonstrates the anti-bacterial effect of N_butanol extraction of Urtica dioica. The antibacterial effect was tested against some of gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria isolated \u0000 \u0000from hospitalized patients having urinary tract infection. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used. Urticasea is a family of plant known for their medicinal activity from folk medicine. Urtica dioica is a member of urticasea and it is known for it is antibacterial effect. \u0000Methods \u0000The leaves of Urtica dioica were collected in Iraq from jisr dayla district in Baghdad province in april 2019.The N_butanol extraction was compared with the drug ciprofloxacin. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the sensitivity of the samples. \u0000Results \u0000The N_ butanol extract shows weak inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli while other strain does not affect by extract comparing with ciprofloxacin. \u0000Conclusion \u0000The N_butanol extract of urtica dioica have weak antibacterial effect when compared with ciproflxacine","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88143240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inam Sameh Arif, Yassir Mustafa Kamal, Israa Burhan Raoof
Nrf2 is active protein presents in the cytoplasm in the cells of the body. In the presence of an activators, Nrf2 can enter the nucleus which bind to Antioxidant Responses Elements (ARE) or otherwise named human ARE (hARE) which control the whole antioxidants activity in human cell. Many factors may contribute to defective or overwhelmed cellular antioxidants activities for instances aging and cellular damages. These cellular damages can be produced by free radicals or oxidative stress. In the mechanism, if Nrf2 activated in the nucleus, can caused the production of collaborative antioxidants enzymes especially: catalase, glutathione (GLT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a responsible for detoxification of free radical inside the cells.
{"title":"Nrf2 as a modulator of oxidative stress","authors":"Inam Sameh Arif, Yassir Mustafa Kamal, Israa Burhan Raoof","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i4.798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i4.798","url":null,"abstract":"Nrf2 is active protein presents in the cytoplasm in the cells of the body. In the presence of an activators, Nrf2 can enter the nucleus which bind to Antioxidant Responses Elements (ARE) or otherwise named human ARE (hARE) which control the whole antioxidants activity in \u0000human cell. Many factors may contribute to defective or overwhelmed cellular antioxidants activities for instances aging and cellular damages. These cellular damages can be produced by free radicals or oxidative stress. In the mechanism, if Nrf2 activated in the nucleus, can caused the production of collaborative antioxidants enzymes especially: catalase, glutathione (GLT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a responsible for detoxification of free radical inside the cells.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83713796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among many therapeutic treatments for cancer, nano-carriers are the focus of our review to illustrate the update usage of this drug delivery approach, the most likely side effects and the reality of their potential application with minimum adverse effects. Here, we demonstrate the types of these nano-carriers based on their nature with detailed recent studies about their use. The variation in the skeleton of these nanoparticles enable the selection of the suitable type with higher specifications than others. However, the poor in vivo testing is the main stumbling block for completion of their manufacturing. This review will help the researchers to find the road map for further investigation to finally aid the pharmaceutical companies in manufacturing these nano-carriers in appropriate dosage forms to save the life of millions of people in the world.
{"title":"Nano-carriers as a Selective Treatment for Cancer","authors":"Ghaidaa S. Hameed, Methaq Hamad Sabar","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v21i1.802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.802","url":null,"abstract":"Among many therapeutic treatments for cancer, nano-carriers are the focus of our review to illustrate the update usage of this drug delivery approach, the most likely side effects and the reality of their potential application with minimum adverse effects. Here, we demonstrate the types of these nano-carriers based on \u0000their nature with detailed recent studies about their use. The variation in the skeleton of these nanoparticles enable the selection of the suitable type with higher specifications than others. However, the poor in vivo testing is the main stumbling block for completion of their manufacturing. This review will help the researchers to find the road map for further investigation to finally aid the pharmaceutical companies in manufacturing these nano-carriers in appropriate dosage forms to save the life of millions of people in the world. ","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86573551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tahany Amir Tawfeeq, Ghaith Ali Jasim, Abdulmutalib A. Nasser
Conocarpus erectus L. is a perennial, evergreen shrub belonging to Combretaceae family. In this study we investigate the phytoconstituents in the leaves of C.erectus. Preliminary tests of alcoholic extract proved the presence of flavonoids, coumarins, saponin, terpens, tannin and absence of alkaloids. Umbelliferone was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction of the extracted plant by TLC and isolated as a light yellowish powder by preparative TLC. Identification of it was done by HPLC, HPTLC and chemical structure elucidated by IR and UV.
{"title":"Isolation of umbelliferone from leaves of Conocarpus erectus L. cultivated in Iraq","authors":"Tahany Amir Tawfeeq, Ghaith Ali Jasim, Abdulmutalib A. Nasser","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v20i4.778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v20i4.778","url":null,"abstract":"Conocarpus erectus L. is a perennial, evergreen shrub belonging to Combretaceae family. In this study we investigate the phytoconstituents in the leaves of C.erectus. Preliminary tests of alcoholic extract proved the presence of flavonoids, coumarins, saponin, terpens, \u0000tannin and absence of alkaloids. Umbelliferone was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction of the extracted plant by TLC and isolated as a light yellowish powder by preparative TLC. Identification of it was done by HPLC, HPTLC and chemical structure elucidated by IR and UV.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88928084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sura Zuhair Mahmood, Nora Zawar. Yousif, Zeina Dawood Salman
The lack of age-appropriate and child -friendly formulation of medication for children poses a major challenge to pediatric therapeutic practice, adherence, and health care delivery worldwide, however, formulation acceptability and preferences facilitate medication adherence in children, and they are important factors in achieving the intended treatment outcomes in which this study looks ahead. The present study aims to determine the various medication trends of children through their parents and caregivers, child preference of certain dosage form (chewable gel) in comparison with another solid dosage forms and its popularity among Iraqi primary school, furthermore the study highlights different variables influence student preference for chewable gel. A total of 230 Iraqi primary school students were randomly selected and interviewed with the presence of their parents. It was observed that (51.3%) of the parents/caregivers reported that the liquid dosage form is the most dosage form that commonly used, (72%) of consumers revealed that the capsules and tablets are not easy to swallow, furthermore, this study revealed that (68.6%) of school students preferred to take medication as chewable gel over than other oral solid dosage forms ,and this preference varied significantly with several socioeconomic and other factors.
{"title":"Types of Attractive Dosage Forms for Primary School Students and Associated Factors in Baghdad/ Iraq","authors":"Sura Zuhair Mahmood, Nora Zawar. Yousif, Zeina Dawood Salman","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v20i4.770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v20i4.770","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of age-appropriate and child -friendly formulation of medication for children poses a major challenge to pediatric therapeutic practice, adherence, and health care delivery worldwide, however, formulation acceptability and preferences facilitate medication \u0000 \u0000adherence in children, and they are important factors in achieving the intended treatment outcomes in which this study looks ahead. The present study aims to determine the various medication trends of children through their parents and caregivers, child preference of certain dosage form (chewable gel) in comparison with another solid dosage forms and its popularity among Iraqi primary school, furthermore the study highlights different variables influence student preference for chewable gel. A total of 230 Iraqi primary school students were randomly selected and interviewed with the presence of their parents. It was observed that (51.3%) of the parents/caregivers reported that the liquid dosage form is the most dosage form that commonly used, (72%) of consumers revealed that the capsules and tablets are not easy to swallow, furthermore, this study revealed that (68.6%) of school students preferred to take medication as chewable gel over than other oral solid dosage forms ,and this preference varied significantly with several socioeconomic and other factors.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82258997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mazen Mohammed Jwaid, Karima Fadhil Ali, Mayada Hadi Abd-alwahab
Novel derivative of isoniazid containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole pharmacophore has been synthesized. The chemical structure of the compound was characterized and confirmed by using FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The desired compound was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using agar well-diffusion technique for their ability as antibacterial agent and showed good antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. In addition, ADME evaluations were performed using Swiss ADME to predict if the synthesized compound can be given orally, the bioavailability, topological polar surface area, and drug-likeness. The result showed that all tested compounds absorbed orally and fulfilled the Lipinski rule.
{"title":"Synthesis, Antibacterial study and ADME Evaluation of Novel Isonicotinoyl Hydrazide Derivative Containing 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Moiety","authors":"Mazen Mohammed Jwaid, Karima Fadhil Ali, Mayada Hadi Abd-alwahab","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v20i4.781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v20i4.781","url":null,"abstract":"Novel derivative of isoniazid containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole pharmacophore has been synthesized. The chemical structure of the compound was characterized and confirmed by using FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. \u0000 \u0000The desired compound was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using agar well-diffusion technique for their ability as antibacterial agent and showed good antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. In addition, ADME evaluations were performed using Swiss ADME to predict if the synthesized compound can be given orally, the bioavailability, topological polar surface area, and drug-likeness. The result showed that all tested compounds absorbed orally and fulfilled the Lipinski rule.","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85820937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work we investigate span 40, span 60 and SA as a gelators and olive oil (OO) as apolar liquid phase to discover the ability of organogel formed to be floating in acidic media and gain a unique gastroretentive dosage form. In addition, take advantage of the chemical and physical properties of cinnarizine (CN) as a model drug suitable for gastroretentive systems. The floating parameters were studied where the floating lag time and floating duration for organogel in both solid and liquid states. Organogels charecterization were accomplished through the folowing investigatational techniques and analytical methods: table top rheology, optical microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and in- vitro release study. The results showed that all organogels immediately floated and they were floating in both states. Moreover, table top rheology showed that the transition temperature was reversible and higher than 37 ºC except for 7% w/w and 10% w/w SA in OO organogels where, optical images of organogel showed fibrillar network. The FTIR showed peaks associated to carbonyl groups indicated to form gelator-gelator interactions. Moreover, in vitro release study of organogel system showed continuous release CN for 9-12 hours.
{"title":"Organogel investigations as a floating oral system with depot property","authors":"Zainab Saad Kaddoori, Masar Basim Mohsin Mohamed, Nawfal Am. Numan","doi":"10.32947/ajps.v20i4.783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v20i4.783","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we investigate span 40, span 60 and SA as a gelators and olive oil (OO) as apolar liquid phase to discover the ability of organogel formed to be floating in acidic media and gain a unique gastroretentive dosage form. In addition, take advantage of the chemical \u0000 \u0000and physical properties of cinnarizine (CN) as a model drug suitable for gastroretentive systems. The floating parameters were studied where the floating lag time and floating duration for organogel in both solid and liquid states. Organogels charecterization were accomplished through the folowing investigatational techniques and analytical methods: table top rheology, optical microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and in- vitro release study. The results showed that all organogels immediately floated and they were floating in both states. Moreover, table top rheology showed that the transition temperature was reversible and higher than 37 ºC except for 7% w/w and 10% w/w SA in OO organogels where, optical images of organogel showed fibrillar network. The FTIR showed peaks associated to carbonyl groups indicated to form gelator-gelator interactions. Moreover, in vitro release study of organogel system showed continuous release CN for 9-12 hours. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":7406,"journal":{"name":"Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85340927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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