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Introduction: Not only atraumatic surgical technique, precise bleeding control, removal foreign materials from the abdomen, but also avoiding desiccation or mechanical damage of peritoneal surface at abdominal surgery mean today evidence based expectation. Peritoneum with its extensive surface and special histological structure represents an important factor in normal physiological processes, furthermore as “Guard of abdomen” it has an important role to localise inflammatory reactions, useful as dialysing surface and provides also possibility for hyperthermic abdominal chemotherapy in tumour treatment. Largest part of peritoneal sac covers small intestine and colon. To prevent postoperative complications it is necessary to avoid desiccation of intestinal tract at laparoscopic and at open procedures as well – consequently “rehyration” is a routine recommendation today. Desiccation of intestinal tract results postoperative adhesions, furthermore damage of serosa will increase permeability of intestine wall and can result perforation. All the surgical recommendations suggest keeping intestine moist, whereas there are only a few real studies in surgical literature to support or to deny this theory. Our study reviews the pathophysiological and surgical respects of this situation and summarizes the results of latest researches of combined functions of peritoneum.

Authors present a case of a 60-year-old male patient with left upper lobe cancer in association with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) in the same lobe. The hemiazygous vein joined the left superior pulmonary vein above the aorta in the thorax cavity draining into the left brachiocephalic vein causing left to right shunt flow. PAPVC was clearly identified intraoperatively and left upper lobectomy was performed as definitive solution for both. PAPVC was closed by stapler. To our knowledge 32 operated cases of lung cancer with PAPVC has been described in the literature (PubMed), including our patient.

The European Union is earmarking more and more resources each cycle to support research, development and innovation, and the projects set up by the working groups are helping to develop innovative solutions to reflecting societal issues of today. Since 2014, the Department of Surgical Research and Techniques of the Cardiovascular Center at Semmelweis University has been participating in international consortia supported by the Erasmus+ programme, which aim to modernise the teaching methodology of surgical training and to integrate IT technology into the training of surgical residents at pan-European level. This paper briefly summarises the international projects in which the Department has been involved over the last 7 years.

Introduction: In this case report an esophageal resection due to cancer was performed with a primary left colonic replacement, as the stomach was resected previously. Due to graft necrosis, the necrotized section of the colon was removed. One year later a long jejunal segment with a combined blood supply was used for secondary reconstruction. Even after the ligation of three straight branches, the Roux loop was not long enough to reach up to the neck, however the division of the arcade between the 2nd and 3rd straight branches lengthened it satisfyingly. Blood supply to the region of the farthest branch was provided from the internal mammary artery and venous drainage was provided by a saphenous vein graft to the external jugular vein. The continuity of the jejunal graft was preserved. The patient recovered uneventfully. If neither the stomach nor the colon routinely used for esophageal replacement are available due to anatomical reasons, previous surgeries, or complications, jejunal replacement can be the last resort. Jejunum is only suitable for safe esophageal replacement by either free transplantation or by supercharging. The procedure when a combined blood supply is provided for the jejunal replacement was named the hybrid-supercharged method.

Introduction: Adhesion formation is a complex series of events that results from cellular and molecular processes where, in contrast to the normal case, events that support adhesion genesis dominate over adhesion lysis. Tissue injury, haemorrhage, tissue desiccation and inflammatory processes, among others, play a role in its induction. Since the presence of adhesions can be associated with a number of negative complications, the primary aim is to prevent their development. There are several preventive targets for the process, but in many cases therapy is only provided immediately after the procedure. In this study, we present an experimental rat model of adhesion, where the aim is to understand the stabilization period of adhesion. All animals underwent the same surgical procedure, inducing tissue injury, minor haemorrhage and tissue desiccation, differing only in the timing of reoperations and sampling. On postoperative days 1–7, we assessed macroscopically and histopathologically the type of adhesions formed, the adhesive tissue, the stability of the adhesion. We found that stabilization was a process lasting several days, with unstable and moderately stable adhesions predominating by postoperative day 4. Knowing this allows to broaden the therapeutic window, targeting the most appropriate period in the early postoperative period, possibly combining treatments, to make adhesion prevention even more effective.

With the continuous development of information technology, robotics and data science will certainly have a similar impact on invasive medicine over the next 20 years as it has had on manufacturing technology in the recent decades. Early image-guided systems and surgical robots were employed in the operating room primarily for their accuracy and reliability, as they allowed for faster and safer interventions with minimal tissue damage, targeting especially orthopedics and neurosurgery. On the other hand, a real global breakthrough came with the teleoperated da Vinci Surgical System, ideal for soft tissue procedures. The success and dominance of the da Vinci has dimmed the dozens of other surgical robots already on the market. It partially originated from the teleoperation concept of Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery, where the full control of the robotic tools is always maintained by the human operator via the console. Nevertheless, the availability of data at large brings new possibilities, e.g., the in-view integration of preoperative data, data fusion based on surgical navigation, and error compensation have become increasingly available in prototypes. Surgical decision support and the elimination/eviction of potential errors also became increasingly important in telesurgical applications. Appropriate algorithms for handling distortions, delays, and other, even malicious, interference attempts during communication are essential. The concept of robotic telesurgery originates from NASA, and even as of today they are actively exploring the additional possibilities offered by cutting-edge technology to improve surgical systems using data science methods. In the not so distant future, even soft tissue interventions will be performed by autonomous robots. The aim of this article is to present the reader the basic concepts of this modern interdisciplinary field named Computer-Integrated Surgery, and to introduce the most important robots and robotic systems. We provide an overview of the different forms of telesurgery and describe the idea and the complexity of data-driven interventions.

Introduction: The diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon may be congenital or acquired. The Giant Colonic Diverticulum (GCD), defined as a diverticulum larger than 4 cm, is a rare, but clinically important entity. The McNutt (1988) classification is used differentiate the three subgroups of giant diverticula. Type 1 diverticula are pulsion pseudo-diverticula, which enlarge gradually. Type 2 are inflammatory diverticula due to a previous subserosal perforation, where the abscess cavity is communicating with the bowel lumen and its wall would be gradually composed of fibrous scar tissue, lacking the intestinal histological layers. Type 3 are the real, congenital diverticula of the colon, containing all layers of the intestinal wall. We present a case of a 59-year-old male patient, who was admitted to our Dept. of Surgery in emergency with the diagnosis of strangulated left inguinal hernia. Abdominal CT demonstrated the herniation of the sigmoid colon into the hernia sac without the signs of bowel obstruction. The patient was operated on urgently; subsequent to a left inguinal incision, a Type 3 giant diverticulum of the sigmoid colon was found in the hernia sac. Laparotomy was performed, and the unusually large, 7-8 cm long strangulated diverticulum was liberated. There were no other pathological findings, the sigmoid colon was not damaged. The diverticulum was resected with a TA stapler, and the staple line was inverted with a layer of seromuscular sutures. The inguinal hernia orifices were reconstructed both intraabdominally and externally. The postoperative course was uneventful, the patient was discharged on the 7th day. The recommendations concerning the diagnosis and treatment GCD are briefly reviewed. Due to the McNutt Type 3 characteristics, we opted for the less invasive, simple diverticulectomy instead of sigmoid resection (Hartmann’s procedure). Our case was an extremely rare complication of the already uncommon GCD, resolved by an unusual surgical intervention leading to a successful cure.

61 years old female with previous surgical history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (3 years ago) and earlier hysterectomy admitted to our surgical department with clinical and radiological signs of small intestinal obstruction. Urgent intervention had been performed with following findings: Petersen herniation of alimentary tract including the – biliopancreatic tract and the small bowel extending to the midpart of the terminal ileum. Viability of herniated intestinal tract had been confirmed, and reposition of herniated parts through the Petersen hernia had been done. Closure with non-absorbable running suture of the gap between the transverse colon and the mesenteriun of the alimentary limb had been performed. Patient was fit for discharge on the fifth postoperative day.