Pub Date : 2025-10-13DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.06.024
Angelique B.M.C. Savelberg , Ewout J. Hoorn , Julie C. Refardt
The diagnostic evaluation and management of chronic hyponatremia in outpatients can be challenging for several reasons. First, chronic hyponatremia is often mild, leading to uncertainty about whether it is clinically significant and warrants further diagnostic evaluation and treatment. Second, if the initial diagnostic workup does not identify a clear cause, it becomes uncertain how much further investigation is required. Third, when no clear cause is found or the underlying condition cannot be treated, physicians may struggle to choose the most appropriate treatment approach. This review offers practical guidance to navigate these challenges in managing chronic hyponatremia in the outpatient setting.
{"title":"Management of Chronic Hyponatremia in the Outpatient Setting","authors":"Angelique B.M.C. Savelberg , Ewout J. Hoorn , Julie C. Refardt","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.06.024","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.06.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diagnostic evaluation and management of chronic hyponatremia in outpatients can be challenging for several reasons. First, chronic hyponatremia is often mild, leading to uncertainty about whether it is clinically significant and warrants further diagnostic evaluation and treatment. Second, if the initial diagnostic workup does not identify a clear cause, it becomes uncertain how much further investigation is required. Third, when no clear cause is found or the underlying condition cannot be treated, physicians may struggle to choose the most appropriate treatment approach. This review offers practical guidance to navigate these challenges in managing chronic hyponatremia in the outpatient setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"87 1","pages":"Pages 87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145296211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-13DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.015
Richard H. Sterns , Helbert Rondon-Berrios
Studies in the 1980s linking rapid correction of severe, chronic hyponatremia to the osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) led to a major controversy that eventually gave way to consensus guidelines. Efforts to limit correction to ≤8 mmol/L per day in patients at high risk of developing ODS became common practice. Recent studies have questioned these guidelines, suggesting that ODS is rare and that slow correction may increase mortality. In this review, we revisit the history of the controversy and find that these claims have persisted for 4 decades. Older studies supporting faster correction are flawed by referral bias while newer studies are limited by confounding as comorbidities influence rates of both mortality and hyponatremia correction. Although both old and new studies emphasize the rarity of magnetic resonance imaging–documented ODS after rapid correction, they were not conducted in hyponatremic patients who were at risk for ODS. Old studies reporting hyponatremic deaths due to cerebral edema overestimate its true incidence, and new studies reporting an association of mortality and slow rates of sodium correction do not document cerebral edema as a common contributor to death. Further research is required to better define the incidence of both ODS and cerebral edema in patients at risk for these complications. Until then, we conclude that the risks of rapid correction—including irreversible neurological damage—necessitate caution. Clinicians should continue to prioritize slow, controlled sodium correction to protect high-risk patients from harm.
{"title":"Revisiting New Data on the Mortality Benefit of Rapid Correction of Hyponatremia: Déjà Vu All Over Again","authors":"Richard H. Sterns , Helbert Rondon-Berrios","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies in the 1980s linking rapid correction of severe, chronic hyponatremia to the osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) led to a major controversy that eventually gave way to consensus guidelines. Efforts to limit correction to ≤8 mmol/L per day in patients at high risk of developing ODS became common practice. Recent studies have questioned these guidelines, suggesting that ODS is rare and that slow correction may increase mortality. In this review, we revisit the history of the controversy and find that these claims have persisted for 4 decades. Older studies supporting faster correction are flawed by referral bias while newer studies are limited by confounding as comorbidities influence rates of both mortality and hyponatremia correction. Although both old and new studies emphasize the rarity of magnetic resonance imaging–documented ODS after rapid correction, they were not conducted in hyponatremic patients who were at risk for ODS. Old studies reporting hyponatremic deaths due to cerebral edema overestimate its true incidence, and new studies reporting an association of mortality and slow rates of sodium correction do not document cerebral edema as a common contributor to death. Further research is required to better define the incidence of both ODS and cerebral edema in patients at risk for these complications. Until then, we conclude that the risks of rapid correction—including irreversible neurological damage—necessitate caution. Clinicians should continue to prioritize slow, controlled sodium correction to protect high-risk patients from harm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"87 1","pages":"Pages 115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145296210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.08.010
Saba Saleem , Caroline Stigant , Tasleem Rajan , Kasun Hewage , Rehan Sadiq , Andrea J. MacNeill , Christopher Nguan
<div><h3>Rationale & Objective</h3><div>Health care delivery is associated with considerable emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. Although the relative health and economic impacts of kidney replacement therapies (KRTs) have been examined, their comparative environmental impacts have been poorly described. This study sought to characterize these impacts, comparing them across types of KRT.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>A comparative lifecycle assessment (LCA).</div></div><div><h3>Setting & Participants</h3><div>Data collection implemented at Vancouver General Hospital in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Exposure</h3><div>Three KRTs: deceased-donor kidney transplant (KT), automated/cycler peritoneal dialysis (PD), or in-center hemodialysis (HD).</div></div><div><h3>Outcome</h3><div>Environmental impacts of KRTs over 1 year were evaluated using the World ReCiPe (H) 2016 method.</div></div><div><h3>Analytical Approach</h3><div>Lifecycle inventory results were transformed into 3 end-point and 18 midpoint environmental impact categories including climate change, air pollution, human toxicity, and water depletion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across the majority of environmental impact categories, including climate change, air pollution, human toxicity, and water depletion, HD had the highest environmental impact and KT the lowest. The climate impact from a patient receiving HD was 74% and 46% more than from patients receiving KT and PD, respectively. Similarly, HD accounted for 65% of total air pollution impacts, 54% of human toxicity, and 44% of water depletion. The highest impact of PD was on water depletion (41%) and metal depletion (81%). KT demonstrated the lowest impact across all categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity. Within each therapy, patient and staff travel and consumables were the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Pharmaceuticals were excluded from this study because of a lack of publicly available data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>KT is the most environmentally preferred KRT. PD had fewer environmental impacts than HD. Understanding the relative environmental impacts of KRTs can help inform clinical decision-making in the management of kidney failure.</div></div><div><h3>Plain-Language Summary</h3><div>The environmental impacts of health care are gaining attention, yet kidney care, and especially kidney replacement therapies (KRTs), have been underexamined. This study was inspired by growing concerns about the environmental consequences of KRTs like hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation. We used environmental assessment tools to measure emissions and resource use across different KRTs in a clinical setting in Vancouver, Canada. We found that these therapies vary widely in their environmental impacts, with in-center hemodialysis having the greatest negative impact and kidney transpla
{"title":"Environmental Impacts of Kidney Replacement Therapies: A Comparative Lifecycle Assessment","authors":"Saba Saleem , Caroline Stigant , Tasleem Rajan , Kasun Hewage , Rehan Sadiq , Andrea J. MacNeill , Christopher Nguan","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale & Objective</h3><div>Health care delivery is associated with considerable emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. Although the relative health and economic impacts of kidney replacement therapies (KRTs) have been examined, their comparative environmental impacts have been poorly described. This study sought to characterize these impacts, comparing them across types of KRT.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>A comparative lifecycle assessment (LCA).</div></div><div><h3>Setting & Participants</h3><div>Data collection implemented at Vancouver General Hospital in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Exposure</h3><div>Three KRTs: deceased-donor kidney transplant (KT), automated/cycler peritoneal dialysis (PD), or in-center hemodialysis (HD).</div></div><div><h3>Outcome</h3><div>Environmental impacts of KRTs over 1 year were evaluated using the World ReCiPe (H) 2016 method.</div></div><div><h3>Analytical Approach</h3><div>Lifecycle inventory results were transformed into 3 end-point and 18 midpoint environmental impact categories including climate change, air pollution, human toxicity, and water depletion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across the majority of environmental impact categories, including climate change, air pollution, human toxicity, and water depletion, HD had the highest environmental impact and KT the lowest. The climate impact from a patient receiving HD was 74% and 46% more than from patients receiving KT and PD, respectively. Similarly, HD accounted for 65% of total air pollution impacts, 54% of human toxicity, and 44% of water depletion. The highest impact of PD was on water depletion (41%) and metal depletion (81%). KT demonstrated the lowest impact across all categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity. Within each therapy, patient and staff travel and consumables were the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Pharmaceuticals were excluded from this study because of a lack of publicly available data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>KT is the most environmentally preferred KRT. PD had fewer environmental impacts than HD. Understanding the relative environmental impacts of KRTs can help inform clinical decision-making in the management of kidney failure.</div></div><div><h3>Plain-Language Summary</h3><div>The environmental impacts of health care are gaining attention, yet kidney care, and especially kidney replacement therapies (KRTs), have been underexamined. This study was inspired by growing concerns about the environmental consequences of KRTs like hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation. We used environmental assessment tools to measure emissions and resource use across different KRTs in a clinical setting in Vancouver, Canada. We found that these therapies vary widely in their environmental impacts, with in-center hemodialysis having the greatest negative impact and kidney transpla","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"87 1","pages":"Pages 65-74.e1"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-08DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.014
Thalia Porteny , Kristen Kennefick , Hillary Matos , Kelli Collins Damron , Daniel E. Weiner , Sean Kalloo , Keren Ladin
Rationale & Objective
Latino adults aged 65 years and older comprise the fastest growing minoritized group in the United States and experience a disproportionate burden of kidney failure. Decision aids improve decisional quality and goal-concordant care among older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, decision aids for kidney replacement therapy have yet to be adapted for the older Latino adult population with advanced CKD. This study assessed the acceptability, accessibility and adaptions needed to facilitate use of a Spanish version of the Decision-Aid for Renal Therapy (DART-S) for older Latino adults with advanced CKD.
Study Design
Qualitative study applying the Cultural Targeting and Tailoring of Shared Decision-Making Technology Framework in focus groups and structured interviews. Suggested adaptations were grouped into recommendations and analyzed qualitatively.
Setting & Participants
Five focus groups (N = 17) and interviews (N = 15) with Spanish-speaking patients and care partners were conducted.
Analytical Approach
Thematic analysis.
Results
Among patient participants, 55% were male, and the mean age was 68 ± 9 years. Overall, the participants found DART-S to be acceptable and accessible. Thematic analysis revealed the importance of incorporating lived experiences, including patient and family testimonials, to illustrate the mental health impact of CKD, self-care strategies, and home dialysis adaptations. Some found the delivery of prognostic information distressing, highlighting the need for more sensitive communication. The tailoring recommendations included information about financial barriers, nutrition, and lifestyle. Participants preferred that DART-S be disseminated via kidney clinicians upon CKD diagnosis and recommended leveraging social media for broader reach.
Limitations
Findings are not generalizable beyond the Latino subgroups in this study. Legal status was not ascertained.
Conclusions
Targeting and tailoring decision aids is a necessary step in providing goal-concordant and person-centered care for older Latino adults with advanced CKD. Future research should examine the comparative efficacy of DART-S in increasing knowledge and decisional quality among Latino patients.
理由与目的65岁及以上的非裔成年人构成了美国增长最快的少数群体，他们承受着不成比例的肾衰竭负担。决策辅助提高老年慢性肾病患者的决策质量和目标一致性护理。然而，肾脏替代疗法的辅助决策尚未适用于老年拉丁裔成年晚期CKD患者。本研究的目的是评估西班牙语版本的Decision-Aid for Renal Therapy （DART-S）对老年拉丁裔晚期CKD患者的可接受性、可及性和适应性。研究设计：在焦点小组和结构化访谈中应用共享决策技术框架的文化目标和裁剪的定性研究。建议的适应被归类为建议并进行定性分析。环境和参与者进行了5个焦点小组（N=17）和对讲西班牙语的患者和护理伙伴的访谈（N=15）。分析方法：主题分析。结果患者中55%为男性，平均年龄为68±9岁。总体而言，参与者认为DART-S是可接受和可访问的。专题分析揭示了纳入生活经验的重要性，包括患者和家属的证词，以说明慢性肾病的心理健康影响，自我护理策略和家庭透析适应。一些人发现传递预后信息令人苦恼，强调需要更敏感的沟通。量身定制的建议包括有关经济障碍、营养和生活方式的信息。参与者更倾向于在CKD诊断时通过肾脏临床医生传播DART-S，并建议利用社交媒体进行更广泛的传播。局限性：本研究的发现不能推广到拉丁裔亚组之外。法律地位尚未确定。结论有针对性和量身定制的决策辅助是为拉丁裔老年晚期CKD患者提供目标一致和以人为本的护理的必要步骤。未来的研究应该检验DART-S在增加拉丁裔患者的知识和决策质量方面的比较功效。
{"title":"Identifying Adaptation Needs of a Decision Aid for Older Latino Adults With Advanced CKD: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Thalia Porteny , Kristen Kennefick , Hillary Matos , Kelli Collins Damron , Daniel E. Weiner , Sean Kalloo , Keren Ladin","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale & Objective</h3><div>Latino adults aged 65 years and older comprise the fastest growing minoritized group in the United States and experience a disproportionate burden of kidney failure. Decision aids improve decisional quality and goal-concordant care among older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, decision aids for kidney replacement therapy have yet to be adapted for the older Latino adult population with advanced CKD. This study assessed the acceptability, accessibility and adaptions needed to facilitate use of a Spanish version of the Decision-Aid for Renal Therapy (DART-S) for older Latino adults with advanced CKD.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>Qualitative study applying the Cultural Targeting and Tailoring of Shared Decision-Making Technology Framework in focus groups and structured interviews. Suggested adaptations were grouped into recommendations and analyzed qualitatively.</div></div><div><h3>Setting & Participants</h3><div>Five focus groups (N = 17) and interviews (N = 15) with Spanish-speaking patients and care partners were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Analytical Approach</h3><div>Thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among patient participants, 55% were male, and the mean age was 68 ± 9 years. Overall, the participants found DART-S to be acceptable and accessible. Thematic analysis revealed the importance of incorporating lived experiences, including patient and family testimonials, to illustrate the mental health impact of CKD, self-care strategies, and home dialysis adaptations. Some found the delivery of prognostic information distressing, highlighting the need for more sensitive communication. The tailoring recommendations included information about financial barriers, nutrition, and lifestyle. Participants preferred that DART-S be disseminated via kidney clinicians upon CKD diagnosis and recommended leveraging social media for broader reach.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Findings are not generalizable beyond the Latino subgroups in this study. Legal status was not ascertained.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Targeting and tailoring decision aids is a necessary step in providing goal-concordant and person-centered care for older Latino adults with advanced CKD. Future research should examine the comparative efficacy of DART-S in increasing knowledge and decisional quality among Latino patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"87 1","pages":"Pages 44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.013
Lisa E. Vaughan , Phillip J. Schulte , Felix Knauf , David J. Sas , Dawn S. Milliner , John C. Lieske
{"title":"Urine Oxalate Excretion and CKD Stage in Patients With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1","authors":"Lisa E. Vaughan , Phillip J. Schulte , Felix Knauf , David J. Sas , Dawn S. Milliner , John C. Lieske","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"87 1","pages":"Pages 138-140"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.06.022
Ruth Tarzi , Jennifer McKenzie , Michel Reid , Sophia Goodison , James Oyee , Thomas F. Hiemstra , Maciej J. Zamek-Gliszczynski , Mary Muoneke , Leslie A. Obert , Nneka Nwokolo , Benjamin Young , Anna Richards
The race-free Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2021 estimated glomerular filtration rate–creatinine (eGFRcr) equation is being adopted in the United States. Elsewhere there is debate regarding its validation and adoption. Absence of a perfect solution and a lack of alignment present challenges when considering global clinical trials. While acknowledging these challenges, GSK decided to adopt the CKD-EPI 2021 eGFRcr equation for new adult trials to support health equity and delivery benefits from standardized data management. The eGFRcr obtained using the CKD-EPI 2021 equation versus CKD-EPI 2009 equation is moderately lower in US Black individuals and moderately higher in non-Black individuals. Analyses before adoption suggested no major impact for study safety or efficacy evaluations although racial/ethnic representation may need to be examined in trials with an eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 inclusion criterion because enrollment of eligible Black participants could be reduced. Sensitivity analyses using 2009 and 2021 equations may be necessary to understand any effect size with population change, especially where there are kidney end points or relevant safety concerns. GSK plans to monitor the impact of adopting the CKD-EPI 2021 eGFRcr equation on adverse event reporting across studies and pharmacovigilance outcomes and to monitor the evolution of regulatory guidance for eGFR equation implementation.
{"title":"Pharmaceutical Practice Considerations Regarding Adoption of the Race-Free Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2021 Equations","authors":"Ruth Tarzi , Jennifer McKenzie , Michel Reid , Sophia Goodison , James Oyee , Thomas F. Hiemstra , Maciej J. Zamek-Gliszczynski , Mary Muoneke , Leslie A. Obert , Nneka Nwokolo , Benjamin Young , Anna Richards","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.06.022","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.06.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The race-free Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2021 estimated glomerular filtration rate–creatinine (eGFR<sub>cr</sub>) equation is being adopted in the United States. Elsewhere there is debate regarding its validation and adoption. Absence of a perfect solution and a lack of alignment present challenges when considering global clinical trials. While acknowledging these challenges, GSK decided to adopt the CKD-EPI 2021 eGFR<sub>cr</sub> equation for new adult trials to support health equity and delivery benefits from standardized data management. The eGFR<sub>cr</sub> obtained using the CKD-EPI 2021 equation versus CKD-EPI 2009 equation is moderately lower in US Black individuals and moderately higher in non-Black individuals. Analyses before adoption suggested no major impact for study safety or efficacy evaluations although racial/ethnic representation may need to be examined in trials with an eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> inclusion criterion because enrollment of eligible Black participants could be reduced. Sensitivity analyses using 2009 and 2021 equations may be necessary to understand any effect size with population change, especially where there are kidney end points or relevant safety concerns. GSK plans to monitor the impact of adopting the CKD-EPI 2021 eGFR<sub>cr</sub> equation on adverse event reporting across studies and pharmacovigilance outcomes and to monitor the evolution of regulatory guidance for eGFR equation implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"86 6","pages":"Pages 843-853"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.05.007
Travis Churilla , Joe B. Baker , Anthony Chang , Gal Finer
{"title":"A 16-Year-Old With a Hypertension Emergency: A Quiz","authors":"Travis Churilla , Joe B. Baker , Anthony Chang , Gal Finer","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"86 4","pages":"Pages A13-A16"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.07.012
Amanda B. Payne , Shannon Novosad , Heng-Ming Sung , Yue Zhang , Ryan Wiegand , Carla S. Gomez Victor , Megan Wallace , Danica J. Gomes , Morgan Najdowski , Bradley Lufkin , Yoganand Chillarige , Eduardo Lacson Jr. , Lorien S. Dalrymple , Ruth Link-Gelles
<div><h3>Rational & Objective</h3><div>Patients with kidney failure treated with maintenance dialysis have an increased risk of severe disease due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the virus that causes COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that COVID-19 vaccination is effective against severe COVID-19 illness in the general population. However, less is known about populations at greater risk for severe disease. This investigation examined the real-world effectiveness of bivalent messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination against clinical outcomes among patients treated with maintenance dialysis.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting & Participants</h3><div>Medicare Fee-for-Service (FFS) claims data for beneficiaries aged ≥18 years with kidney failure receiving maintenance dialysis between September 4, 2022, and April 1, 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Exposure</h3><div>Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccination compared with receipt of original monovalent COVID-19 doses alone.</div></div><div><h3>Outcome</h3><div>Medically attended COVID-19, which was defined as the occurrence of a COVID-19–associated outpatient encounter, COVID-19–associated hospitalization, critical COVID-19 illness, or COVID-19–associated death, overall as well as each COVID-19–associated outcome individually.</div></div><div><h3>Analytical Approach</h3><div>Relative vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19–associated outcomes was calculated as 1 − adjusted hazard ratio, with the adjusted hazard ratio comparing rates of outcomes by vaccination status estimated using a weighted Cox regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with receipt of original monovalent COVID-19 vaccine doses, the relative estimated effectiveness of a bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose was 41% (95% CI, 37%-46%) against medically attended COVID-19, 49% (95% CI, 43%-54%) against COVID-19–associated hospitalization, 53% (95% CI, 44%-61%) against critical COVID-19 illness, and 54% (95% CI, 42%-63%) against COVID-19–associated death among adults with kidney failure treated with maintenance dialysis without additional immunocompromising conditions. Estimated vaccine effectiveness against medically attended COVID-19 was 50% (95% CI, 44%-55%) 7-59 days after bivalent vaccination and 33% (95% CI, 26%-39%) 60-206 days after bivalent vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Potential misclassification bias, residual confounding, and generalizability concerns may exist.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest a bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose provided protection against COVID-19 disease among previously vaccinated persons with kidney failure receiving maintenance dialysis, but the estimated effectiveness waned over time.</div></div><div><h3>Plain-Language Summary</h3><div>People with kidney failure treated with maintenance dialysis are at increased risk of severe COVID-19. The role of COVID-19 vaccination in this
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Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.08.007
Carly Weaver , Babak J. Orandi , Mara McAdams-DeMarco
{"title":"Exercise Prehabilitation in Kidney Transplant Candidates: Insights From the FRAILMar Trial","authors":"Carly Weaver , Babak J. Orandi , Mara McAdams-DeMarco","doi":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7419,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","volume":"86 5","pages":"Pages 591-593"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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