Jeremy P. Birnholtz, Colin Fitzpatrick, M. Handel, Jed R. Brubaker
Location-aware mobile applications have become extremely common, with a recent wave of mobile dating applications that provide relatively sparse profiles to connect nearby individuals who may not know each other for immediate social or sexual encounters. These applications have become particularly popular among men who have sex with men (MSM) and raise a range of questions about self-presentation, visibility to others, and impression formation, as traditional geographic boundaries and social circles are crossed. In this paper we address two key questions around how people manage potentially stigmatized identities in using these apps and what types of information they use to self-present in the absence of a detailed profile or rich social cues. To do so, we draw on profile data observed in twelve locations on Grindr, a location-aware social application for MSM. Results suggest clear use of language to manage stigma associated with casual sex, and that users draw regularly on location information and other descriptive language to present concisely to others nearby.
{"title":"Identity, identification and identifiability: the language of self-presentation on a location-based mobile dating app","authors":"Jeremy P. Birnholtz, Colin Fitzpatrick, M. Handel, Jed R. Brubaker","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2628406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2628406","url":null,"abstract":"Location-aware mobile applications have become extremely common, with a recent wave of mobile dating applications that provide relatively sparse profiles to connect nearby individuals who may not know each other for immediate social or sexual encounters. These applications have become particularly popular among men who have sex with men (MSM) and raise a range of questions about self-presentation, visibility to others, and impression formation, as traditional geographic boundaries and social circles are crossed. In this paper we address two key questions around how people manage potentially stigmatized identities in using these apps and what types of information they use to self-present in the absence of a detailed profile or rich social cues. To do so, we draw on profile data observed in twelve locations on Grindr, a location-aware social application for MSM. Results suggest clear use of language to manage stigma associated with casual sex, and that users draw regularly on location information and other descriptive language to present concisely to others nearby.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"6 1","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84968386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This PVA-shortpaper introduces an enhancement to the Keystroke-Level Model (KLM) by extending it with three new operators to describe interactions on mobile touchscreen devices. Based on Fitts's Law we modelled a performance measure estimate equation for each common touch screen interaction. Three prototypes were developed to serve as a test environment in which to validate Fitts's equations and estimate the parameters for these interactions. A total of 3090 observations were made with a total of 51 users. While the studies confirmed each interaction fitted well to Fitts's Law for most interactions, it was noticed that Fitts's Law does not fit well for interactions with an Index of Difficulty exceeding 4 bits, highlighting a possible maximum comfortable stretch. Based on results, the following approximate movement times for KLM are suggested: 70ms for a short untargeted swipe, 200ms for a half-screen sized zoom, and 80ms for an icon pointing from a home position. These results could be used by developers of mobile phone and tablet applications to describe tasks as a sequence of the operators used and to predict user interaction times prior to creating prototypes.
{"title":"Enhancing KLM (keystroke-level model) to fit touch screen mobile devices","authors":"K. E. Batran, Mark D. Dunlop","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2628385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2628385","url":null,"abstract":"This PVA-shortpaper introduces an enhancement to the Keystroke-Level Model (KLM) by extending it with three new operators to describe interactions on mobile touchscreen devices. Based on Fitts's Law we modelled a performance measure estimate equation for each common touch screen interaction. Three prototypes were developed to serve as a test environment in which to validate Fitts's equations and estimate the parameters for these interactions. A total of 3090 observations were made with a total of 51 users. While the studies confirmed each interaction fitted well to Fitts's Law for most interactions, it was noticed that Fitts's Law does not fit well for interactions with an Index of Difficulty exceeding 4 bits, highlighting a possible maximum comfortable stretch. Based on results, the following approximate movement times for KLM are suggested: 70ms for a short untargeted swipe, 200ms for a half-screen sized zoom, and 80ms for an icon pointing from a home position. These results could be used by developers of mobile phone and tablet applications to describe tasks as a sequence of the operators used and to predict user interaction times prior to creating prototypes.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"73 1","pages":"283-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91131594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the increasing availability of smartwatches the question of suited input modalities arises. While direct touch input comes at the cost of the fat-finger problem, we propose to use a dynamic peephole to explore larger content such as websites or maps. In this paper, we present the results of a user study comparing the performance of static and dynamic peephole interactions for a map navigation task on a smartwatch display. As a first method, we investigated the static peephole methaphor where the displayed map is moved on the device via direct touch interaction. In contrast, for the second method - the dynamic peephole - the device is moved and the map is static with respect to an external frame of reference. We compared both methods in terms of task performance and perceived user experience. The results show that the dynamic peephole interaction performs significantly more slowly in terms of task completion time.
{"title":"Investigating the effectiveness of peephole interaction for smartwatches in a map navigation task","authors":"Frederic Kerber, A. Krüger, Markus Löchtefeld","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2628393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2628393","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing availability of smartwatches the question of suited input modalities arises. While direct touch input comes at the cost of the fat-finger problem, we propose to use a dynamic peephole to explore larger content such as websites or maps. In this paper, we present the results of a user study comparing the performance of static and dynamic peephole interactions for a map navigation task on a smartwatch display. As a first method, we investigated the static peephole methaphor where the displayed map is moved on the device via direct touch interaction. In contrast, for the second method - the dynamic peephole - the device is moved and the map is static with respect to an external frame of reference. We compared both methods in terms of task performance and perceived user experience. The results show that the dynamic peephole interaction performs significantly more slowly in terms of task completion time.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"15 1","pages":"291-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84329096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicola Dell, Ian Francis, H. Sheppard, R. Simbi, G. Borriello
The worldwide adoption of mobile devices presents an opportunity to build mobile systems to support health workers in low-resource settings. This paper presents an in-depth field evaluation of a mobile system that uses a smartphone's built-in camera and computer vision to capture and analyze diagnostic tests for infectious diseases. We describe how health workers integrate the system into their daily clinical workflow and detail important differences in system usage between small clinics and large hospitals that could inform the design of future mobile health systems. We also describe a variety of strategies that health workers developed to overcome poor network connectivity and transmit data to a central database. Finally, we show strong agreement between our system's computed diagnoses and trained health workers' visual diagnoses, which suggests that our system could aid disease diagnosis in a variety of scenarios. Our findings will help to guide ministries of health and other stakeholders working to deploy mobile health systems in similar environments.
{"title":"Field evaluation of a camera-based mobile health system in low-resource settings","authors":"Nicola Dell, Ian Francis, H. Sheppard, R. Simbi, G. Borriello","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2628366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2628366","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide adoption of mobile devices presents an opportunity to build mobile systems to support health workers in low-resource settings. This paper presents an in-depth field evaluation of a mobile system that uses a smartphone's built-in camera and computer vision to capture and analyze diagnostic tests for infectious diseases. We describe how health workers integrate the system into their daily clinical workflow and detail important differences in system usage between small clinics and large hospitals that could inform the design of future mobile health systems. We also describe a variety of strategies that health workers developed to overcome poor network connectivity and transmit data to a central database. Finally, we show strong agreement between our system's computed diagnoses and trained health workers' visual diagnoses, which suggests that our system could aid disease diagnosis in a variety of scenarios. Our findings will help to guide ministries of health and other stakeholders working to deploy mobile health systems in similar environments.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"562 1","pages":"33-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77763159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tindale, M. Cumming, Hudson Pridham, Jessica Peter, S. Diamond
In this paper we explore the design, layout and configuration of wrist-wearable, haptic gaming interfaces, which involve visual and vibrotactile spatial and temporal patterns. Our goal is to determine overall layouts and spatial and temporal resolutions on the wrist suitable for interactive tactile stimuli. Our approach is to first explore the simplest of configurative patterns that are intended to encircle the wrist, and then study their affordances. We describe various informal user studies we have employed to explore and test issues that arose.
{"title":"Wearable haptic gaming using vibrotactile arrays","authors":"A. Tindale, M. Cumming, Hudson Pridham, Jessica Peter, S. Diamond","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2633574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2633574","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we explore the design, layout and configuration of wrist-wearable, haptic gaming interfaces, which involve visual and vibrotactile spatial and temporal patterns. Our goal is to determine overall layouts and spatial and temporal resolutions on the wrist suitable for interactive tactile stimuli. Our approach is to first explore the simplest of configurative patterns that are intended to encircle the wrist, and then study their affordances. We describe various informal user studies we have employed to explore and test issues that arose.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"35 1","pages":"435-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76346678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genovefa Kefalidou, A. Skatova, Michael A. Brown, Victoria Shipp, J. Pinchin, P. Kelly, A. Dix, Xu Sun
Advances in ubiquitous technologies have changed the way humans interact with the world around them. Technology has the power not only to inform and perform but also to further peoples' experiences of the world. It has enhanced the methodological approaches within the CHI research realm in terms of data gathering (e.g. via wearable sensors) and sharing (e.g. via self-reflection methods). While such methodologies have been mainly adopted in isolation, exploring the implications and the synergy of them has yet to be fully explored. This workshop brings together a multidisciplinary group of researchers to explore and experience the use of wearable sensors with self-reflection as a multi-method approach to conduct research and fully experience the world on-the-go.
{"title":"Enhancing self-reflection with wearable sensors","authors":"Genovefa Kefalidou, A. Skatova, Michael A. Brown, Victoria Shipp, J. Pinchin, P. Kelly, A. Dix, Xu Sun","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2634257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2634257","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in ubiquitous technologies have changed the way humans interact with the world around them. Technology has the power not only to inform and perform but also to further peoples' experiences of the world. It has enhanced the methodological approaches within the CHI research realm in terms of data gathering (e.g. via wearable sensors) and sharing (e.g. via self-reflection methods). While such methodologies have been mainly adopted in isolation, exploring the implications and the synergy of them has yet to be fully explored. This workshop brings together a multidisciplinary group of researchers to explore and experience the use of wearable sensors with self-reflection as a multi-method approach to conduct research and fully experience the world on-the-go.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"20 1","pages":"577-580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90481594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikola Banovic, Christina Brant, Jennifer Mankoff, A. Dey
Mobile devices have become powerful ultra-portable personal computers supporting not only communication but also running a variety of complex, interactive applications. Because of the unique characteristics of mobile interaction, a better understanding of the time duration and context of mobile device uses could help to improve and streamline the user experience. In this paper, we first explore the anatomy of mobile device use and propose a classification of use based on duration and interaction type: glance, review, and engage. We then focus our investigation on short review interactions and identify opportunities for streamlining these mobile device uses through proactively suggesting short tasks to the user that go beyond simple application notifications. We evaluate the concept through a user evaluation of an interactive lock screen prototype, called ProactiveTasks. We use the findings from our study to create and explore the design space for proactively presenting tasks to the users. Our findings underline the need for a more nuanced set of interactions that support short mobile device uses, in particular review sessions.
{"title":"ProactiveTasks: the short of mobile device use sessions","authors":"Nikola Banovic, Christina Brant, Jennifer Mankoff, A. Dey","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2628380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2628380","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile devices have become powerful ultra-portable personal computers supporting not only communication but also running a variety of complex, interactive applications. Because of the unique characteristics of mobile interaction, a better understanding of the time duration and context of mobile device uses could help to improve and streamline the user experience. In this paper, we first explore the anatomy of mobile device use and propose a classification of use based on duration and interaction type: glance, review, and engage. We then focus our investigation on short review interactions and identify opportunities for streamlining these mobile device uses through proactively suggesting short tasks to the user that go beyond simple application notifications. We evaluate the concept through a user evaluation of an interactive lock screen prototype, called ProactiveTasks. We use the findings from our study to create and explore the design space for proactively presenting tasks to the users. Our findings underline the need for a more nuanced set of interactions that support short mobile device uses, in particular review sessions.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"122 1","pages":"243-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73454979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Around-device interaction lets people use their phones without having to pick them up or reach out and touch them. This allows interaction when touch may not be available; for example, users could gesture to interact with their phones while cooking, avoiding touching the screen with messy hands. Well-designed feedback helps users overcome uncertainty during gesture interaction, however giving effective feedback from small devices can be a challenge and detailed visual feedback will not always be suitable. My thesis research looks at how other types of feedback may be used effectively during around-device interaction to help users.
{"title":"Effective multimodal feedback for around-device interfaces","authors":"Euan Freeman","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2634264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2634264","url":null,"abstract":"Around-device interaction lets people use their phones without having to pick them up or reach out and touch them. This allows interaction when touch may not be available; for example, users could gesture to interact with their phones while cooking, avoiding touching the screen with messy hands. Well-designed feedback helps users overcome uncertainty during gesture interaction, however giving effective feedback from small devices can be a challenge and detailed visual feedback will not always be suitable. My thesis research looks at how other types of feedback may be used effectively during around-device interaction to help users.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"35 1","pages":"399-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75091113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The thumb and the fingers have different flexibility, and thus, gestures performed on the back of a held tablet are suggested to be different from ones performed on the touchscreen with the thumb of grasping hands. APIs for back-of-device gesture detection should consider that difference. In a user study, we recorded vectors for the four most common touch gestures. We found that drag, swipe, and press gestures are significantly differently when executed on the back versus on the front side of a held tablet. Corresponding values are provided that may be used to define gesture detection thresholds for back-of-tablet interaction.
{"title":"Ergonomic characteristics of gestures for front- and back-of-tablets interaction with grasping hands","authors":"Katrin Wolf, R. Schleicher, M. Rohs","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2634214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2634214","url":null,"abstract":"The thumb and the fingers have different flexibility, and thus, gestures performed on the back of a held tablet are suggested to be different from ones performed on the touchscreen with the thumb of grasping hands. APIs for back-of-device gesture detection should consider that difference. In a user study, we recorded vectors for the four most common touch gestures. We found that drag, swipe, and press gestures are significantly differently when executed on the back versus on the front side of a held tablet. Corresponding values are provided that may be used to define gesture detection thresholds for back-of-tablet interaction.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"40 1","pages":"453-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75603992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Xiao, G. Lew, James Marsanico, Divya Hariharan, S. Hudson, Chris Harrison
The simple fact that human fingers are large and mobile devices are small has led to the perennial issue of limited surface area for touch-based interactive tasks. In response, we have developed Toffee, a sensing approach that extends touch interaction beyond the small confines of a mobile device and onto ad hoc adjacent surfaces, most notably tabletops. This is achieved using a novel application of acoustic time differences of arrival (TDOA) correlation. Previous time-of-arrival based systems have required semi-permanent instrumentation of the surface and were too large for use in mobile devices. Our approach requires only a hard tabletop and gravity -- the latter acoustically couples mobile devices to surfaces. We conducted an evaluation, which shows that Toffee can accurately resolve the bearings of touch events (mean error of 4.3° with a laptop prototype). This enables radial interactions in an area many times larger than a mobile device; for example, virtual buttons that lie above, below and to the left and right.
{"title":"Toffee: enabling ad hoc, around-device interaction with acoustic time-of-arrival correlation","authors":"R. Xiao, G. Lew, James Marsanico, Divya Hariharan, S. Hudson, Chris Harrison","doi":"10.1145/2628363.2628383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2628363.2628383","url":null,"abstract":"The simple fact that human fingers are large and mobile devices are small has led to the perennial issue of limited surface area for touch-based interactive tasks. In response, we have developed Toffee, a sensing approach that extends touch interaction beyond the small confines of a mobile device and onto ad hoc adjacent surfaces, most notably tabletops. This is achieved using a novel application of acoustic time differences of arrival (TDOA) correlation. Previous time-of-arrival based systems have required semi-permanent instrumentation of the surface and were too large for use in mobile devices. Our approach requires only a hard tabletop and gravity -- the latter acoustically couples mobile devices to surfaces. We conducted an evaluation, which shows that Toffee can accurately resolve the bearings of touch events (mean error of 4.3° with a laptop prototype). This enables radial interactions in an area many times larger than a mobile device; for example, virtual buttons that lie above, below and to the left and right.","PeriodicalId":74207,"journal":{"name":"MobileHCI : proceedings of the ... International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. MobileHCI (Conference)","volume":"10 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81916322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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