Pub Date : 2026-03-03DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-01006-7
J. Maurer, J. Langer, J. Mai, M. A. Schmidt, C. Färber, L. Klerner, T. Vilpas, M. H. Linden, H. B. Linden, A. Koldemir, J. Wiethölter, R. Pöttgen, S. Harder
The group 14 tetrel elements carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead need to lose or gain four electrons to reach a stable full-valence shell. However, despite fulfilling the octet rule, tetra-anionic tetrels are highly reactive anions. The considerable 4− charge on single atoms dictates their chemistry, making such anions highly reducing, nucleophilic or strongly basic. Here we report facile full reduction of silicon, germanium, tin and lead precursors to tetra-anions using a molecular Mg0 complex at room temperature. These anions, which are stabilized by a crown consisting of metal cations and bridging ligands, are in the −IV oxidation state. They are found to be strong Brønsted bases and can react as quadruple nucleophiles or eight-electron reducing agents. This work extends the low-valent chemistry of tetrel complexes to its ultimate negative oxidation state.
{"title":"Molecular low-oxidation-state chemistry with tetra-anionic group 14 elements","authors":"J. Maurer, J. Langer, J. Mai, M. A. Schmidt, C. Färber, L. Klerner, T. Vilpas, M. H. Linden, H. B. Linden, A. Koldemir, J. Wiethölter, R. Pöttgen, S. Harder","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-01006-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-01006-7","url":null,"abstract":"The group 14 tetrel elements carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead need to lose or gain four electrons to reach a stable full-valence shell. However, despite fulfilling the octet rule, tetra-anionic tetrels are highly reactive anions. The considerable 4− charge on single atoms dictates their chemistry, making such anions highly reducing, nucleophilic or strongly basic. Here we report facile full reduction of silicon, germanium, tin and lead precursors to tetra-anions using a molecular Mg0 complex at room temperature. These anions, which are stabilized by a crown consisting of metal cations and bridging ligands, are in the −IV oxidation state. They are found to be strong Brønsted bases and can react as quadruple nucleophiles or eight-electron reducing agents. This work extends the low-valent chemistry of tetrel complexes to its ultimate negative oxidation state.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-01016-5
Min Tan, Yongsheng Shen, Haohua Chen, Wenfu Yan, Dachuan Qiu, Yang Li
meta-Cyclophanes represent a ubiquitous and versatile structural motif in macrocycles. While conventional synthetic strategies predominantly rely on end-to-end cyclization, these methods are often hampered by unfavourable enthalpic and entropic constraints, and are limited to unstrained meta-cyclophanes. Here we present an aryne-mediated ring-expansion strategy based on sequential aryne insertion into the S=O bond of cyclic sulfoxides followed by an anionic [4,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement. A pivotal aspect of this strategy is the ability of the generated phenolate oxygen to redirect the rearrangement pathway from a [5,5]- to an anionic [4,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement. This methodology enables efficient access to strained meta-cyclophanes with diverse substitution patterns. Moreover, it not only supports the use of meta-cyclophane-based aryne precursors but also enables the orthogonal assembly of a secondary cyclophane ring on the antipodal face of the central benzene scaffold. Furthermore, a chirality transfer process is observed, underscoring the stereospecific nature of both the S=O bond insertion and the [4,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement steps.
{"title":"Preparation of meta-cyclophanes via stereospecific ring-expansion rearrangement","authors":"Min Tan, Yongsheng Shen, Haohua Chen, Wenfu Yan, Dachuan Qiu, Yang Li","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-01016-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-01016-5","url":null,"abstract":"meta-Cyclophanes represent a ubiquitous and versatile structural motif in macrocycles. While conventional synthetic strategies predominantly rely on end-to-end cyclization, these methods are often hampered by unfavourable enthalpic and entropic constraints, and are limited to unstrained meta-cyclophanes. Here we present an aryne-mediated ring-expansion strategy based on sequential aryne insertion into the S=O bond of cyclic sulfoxides followed by an anionic [4,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement. A pivotal aspect of this strategy is the ability of the generated phenolate oxygen to redirect the rearrangement pathway from a [5,5]- to an anionic [4,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement. This methodology enables efficient access to strained meta-cyclophanes with diverse substitution patterns. Moreover, it not only supports the use of meta-cyclophane-based aryne precursors but also enables the orthogonal assembly of a secondary cyclophane ring on the antipodal face of the central benzene scaffold. Furthermore, a chirality transfer process is observed, underscoring the stereospecific nature of both the S=O bond insertion and the [4,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement steps.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-00995-9
Bihao Hu, Yan Liu, Yifan Zhou, Siming Yang, Zhihao Wang, Yi Shen Tew, Harshini Shankar, Xiaonan Wang, Pengfei Ou, Lei Wang
Electrosynthesis of urea at practical relevant current densities remains challenging due to competing side reactions, particularly at the elevated overpotentials required to sustain high currents. Here we propose a catalyst design strategy for selective urea production at practical current densities, emphasizing materials with low activity for competing CO2 reduction and hydrogen evolution, and high activity for nitrate activation under high overpotentials. We develop a cadmium-modified Fe2O3 (Cd–Fe2O3) catalyst composite, achieving a high urea partial current density of approximately 140 mA cm−2 at a modest cathodic potential of −0.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, with an appreciable Faradaic efficiency of 52%. Through detailed kinetics analysis, in situ spectroscopic investigations and density functional theory calculations, we reveal that Cd incorporation into Fe2O3 substantially weakens *CO adsorption by altering the electronic structure and preserving oxidized Fe species. This modification suppresses undesired Volmer-type hydrogen adsorption while promoting *CO2NH2 intermediate protonation, enhancing urea formation. As a result, competing hydrogen evolution is effectively suppressed, and high urea selectivity is maintained at elevated current densities on Cd–Fe2O3.
在实际相关的电流密度下，由于相互竞争的副反应，特别是在维持高电流所需的高过电位下，尿素的电合成仍然具有挑战性。在此，我们提出了在实际电流密度下选择性尿素生产的催化剂设计策略，强调具有低活性的竞争CO2还原和析氢，以及高过电位下高活性的硝酸盐活化的材料。我们开发了一种镉修饰Fe2O3 （Cd-Fe2O3）催化剂复合材料，在- 0.5 V的适度阴极电位下，相对于可逆氢电极，实现了约140 mA cm - 2的高尿素分电流密度，具有可观的52%的法拉第效率。通过详细的动力学分析、原位光谱研究和密度泛函理论计算，我们发现Cd掺入Fe2O3中，通过改变电子结构和保留氧化的Fe物种，大大削弱了*CO的吸附。这种修饰抑制了不想要的volmer型氢吸附，同时促进了*CO2NH2中间质子化，增强了尿素的形成。结果，竞争析氢被有效抑制，并且在Cd-Fe2O3上的高电流密度下保持了高尿素选择性。
{"title":"Electrosynthesis of urea on cadmium-modified iron oxide","authors":"Bihao Hu, Yan Liu, Yifan Zhou, Siming Yang, Zhihao Wang, Yi Shen Tew, Harshini Shankar, Xiaonan Wang, Pengfei Ou, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-00995-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-00995-9","url":null,"abstract":"Electrosynthesis of urea at practical relevant current densities remains challenging due to competing side reactions, particularly at the elevated overpotentials required to sustain high currents. Here we propose a catalyst design strategy for selective urea production at practical current densities, emphasizing materials with low activity for competing CO2 reduction and hydrogen evolution, and high activity for nitrate activation under high overpotentials. We develop a cadmium-modified Fe2O3 (Cd–Fe2O3) catalyst composite, achieving a high urea partial current density of approximately 140 mA cm−2 at a modest cathodic potential of −0.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, with an appreciable Faradaic efficiency of 52%. Through detailed kinetics analysis, in situ spectroscopic investigations and density functional theory calculations, we reveal that Cd incorporation into Fe2O3 substantially weakens *CO adsorption by altering the electronic structure and preserving oxidized Fe species. This modification suppresses undesired Volmer-type hydrogen adsorption while promoting *CO2NH2 intermediate protonation, enhancing urea formation. As a result, competing hydrogen evolution is effectively suppressed, and high urea selectivity is maintained at elevated current densities on Cd–Fe2O3.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the development of the Haber–Bosch process, ammonia synthesis under mild conditions remains challenging due to the high bond energy (945 kJ mol⁻1) of the N≡N triple bond. Both thermal- and photocatalytic processes often suffer from the intrinsic scaling relationship between N2 activation and NH3 desorption efficiencies. Here we report that the photocatalytic process over an AlFe nanoalloy catalyst provides a promising solution through a photoinduced nitrogen spillover reaction mechanism. Fe acts as the primary active site for N2 adsorption and dissociation. The transferred photoexcited electrons from Al to Fe enhance N2 activation. Al serves as a secondary active site, facilitating N spillover from Fe to Al sites under photoexcitation, promoting NH3 desorption. This dual-site strategy enables an ammonia synthesis rate of 8.6 mmol gcat−1 h−1 at 4.28 W cm−2 without additional thermal input under ambient pressure. The performance surpasses that of conventional industrial Fe catalysts under thermocatalytic conditions. This study proposes a photoassisted active site modulation strategy for efficient ammonia synthesis catalyst to circumvent scaling relationships.
尽管Haber-Bosch法得到了发展，但由于N≡N三键的高键能（945 kJ mol⁻1），在温和条件下合成氨仍然具有挑战性。热催化和光催化过程通常都受到N2活化和NH3脱附效率之间固有的标度关系的影响。在这里，我们报道了AlFe纳米合金催化剂上的光催化过程通过光诱导氮溢出反应机制提供了一个有前途的解决方案。Fe是N2吸附和解离的主要活性位点。从Al转移到Fe的光激发电子增强了N2的活化。Al作为二级活性位点，在光激发下促进N从Fe位点向Al位点溢出，促进NH3的脱附。这种双位点策略使氨合成速率为8.6 mmol gcat−1 h−1，温度为4.28 W cm−2，在环境压力下无需额外的热输入。在热催化条件下，性能优于传统工业铁催化剂。本研究提出了一种光辅助活性位点调制策略，用于有效的氨合成催化剂，以避免结垢关系。
{"title":"Photoinduced nitrogen spillover enables ammonia synthesis on iron–aluminium dual-site catalysts","authors":"Wen-Qian Li, Yijian Chen, Xiaojun Lu, Hui Zhang, Zichuang Li, Kailong Qian, Bo Dai, Ruoqian Jiang, Sijia Zheng, Jiaqi Wang, Xianzheng Zhao, Yangfan Lu, Xiaoning Liu, Zhi Liu, Yanpeng Qi, Bin Zhang, Xin-Hao Li, Jie-Sheng Chen, Tian-Nan Ye","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-01013-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-01013-8","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the development of the Haber–Bosch process, ammonia synthesis under mild conditions remains challenging due to the high bond energy (945 kJ mol⁻1) of the N≡N triple bond. Both thermal- and photocatalytic processes often suffer from the intrinsic scaling relationship between N2 activation and NH3 desorption efficiencies. Here we report that the photocatalytic process over an AlFe nanoalloy catalyst provides a promising solution through a photoinduced nitrogen spillover reaction mechanism. Fe acts as the primary active site for N2 adsorption and dissociation. The transferred photoexcited electrons from Al to Fe enhance N2 activation. Al serves as a secondary active site, facilitating N spillover from Fe to Al sites under photoexcitation, promoting NH3 desorption. This dual-site strategy enables an ammonia synthesis rate of 8.6 mmol gcat−1 h−1 at 4.28 W cm−2 without additional thermal input under ambient pressure. The performance surpasses that of conventional industrial Fe catalysts under thermocatalytic conditions. This study proposes a photoassisted active site modulation strategy for efficient ammonia synthesis catalyst to circumvent scaling relationships.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-27DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-01003-w
Xiuze Wang, Xianhai Tian, Xiahe Chen, Guoxiong Xu, Jared C. Paris, Yuqi Song, Yuxuan Su, James G. Zhang, Xin Hong, Marc Garcia-Borràs, Arthur E. Bragg, Yisong Guo, Yunfang Yang, Xiongyi Huang
Integrating metal-catalysed transformations into enzymes is a key objective in biocatalysis. This study uses a photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer strategy to enable abiotic cross-coupling reactions in metalloenzymes. By tailoring the primary coordination sphere to establish a 2-histidine metal-binding site and replacing the iron centre with nickel, the ethylene-forming enzyme from Pseudomonas savastanoi (PsEFE) was activated for nickel-catalysed C(sp2)‒S cross-coupling between aryl bromides and thiols. Directed evolution of PsEFE produced variants capable of generating a range of thioether products in up to 98% yield and 530 total turnover numbers. Mechanistic investigations suggest that this photoenzymatic reaction involves a Ni(II)/Ni(I)/Ni(III) catalytic cycle with generation of a reactive Ni(I) species and thiyl radical via photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer. We anticipate that these findings will inspire further exploration of integrating abiotic cross-coupling transformations into enzymatic catalysis.
{"title":"Engineering non-haem enzymes for nickel-catalysed C(sp2)‒S coupling via ligand-to-metal charge transfer photocatalysis","authors":"Xiuze Wang, Xianhai Tian, Xiahe Chen, Guoxiong Xu, Jared C. Paris, Yuqi Song, Yuxuan Su, James G. Zhang, Xin Hong, Marc Garcia-Borràs, Arthur E. Bragg, Yisong Guo, Yunfang Yang, Xiongyi Huang","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-01003-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-01003-w","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating metal-catalysed transformations into enzymes is a key objective in biocatalysis. This study uses a photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer strategy to enable abiotic cross-coupling reactions in metalloenzymes. By tailoring the primary coordination sphere to establish a 2-histidine metal-binding site and replacing the iron centre with nickel, the ethylene-forming enzyme from Pseudomonas savastanoi (PsEFE) was activated for nickel-catalysed C(sp2)‒S cross-coupling between aryl bromides and thiols. Directed evolution of PsEFE produced variants capable of generating a range of thioether products in up to 98% yield and 530 total turnover numbers. Mechanistic investigations suggest that this photoenzymatic reaction involves a Ni(II)/Ni(I)/Ni(III) catalytic cycle with generation of a reactive Ni(I) species and thiyl radical via photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer. We anticipate that these findings will inspire further exploration of integrating abiotic cross-coupling transformations into enzymatic catalysis.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147319982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Buried morphological and electronic defects of solution-synthesized perovskite films are detrimental to the photovoltaic stability and performance of state-of-the-art inverted perovskite solar cells based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Previous studies have attempted to alleviate this synthesis issue by molecular tailoring of SAMs. Here we use pre-seeding of low-dimensional halide crystal solvates (CSVs) to trigger the formation of perovskite film bottoms with suppressed morphological and electronic defects. CSVs enable nanostructure-guided wetting of the perovskite precursor solution on SAMs and unlock lattice-confined solvent annealing of the perovskite film bottom, mitigating interfacial voids and nanogrooves. This method also leads to CSV-derived halide compound passivation at the film bottom, reducing electronic defects and enabling hole-extraction-favouring interfacial energetics. The sequential multi-functionality enabled by CSV pre-seeding surpasses the nucleation control in conventional seeding strategies. Resultant inverted perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency of 26.13% with a high fill factor of 86.75%. These devices demonstrate improved light and thermal stabilities under ISOS-L-1 and ISOS-T-1 test protocols. The scalability of CSV pre-seeding is demonstrated with 23.15% power conversion efficiency achieved for a 49.91 cm2 perovskite solar mini-module.
溶液合成钙钛矿薄膜中埋藏的形态缺陷和电子缺陷严重影响了自组装单层（SAMs）倒钙钛矿太阳能电池的光伏稳定性和性能。以前的研究试图通过分子裁剪来缓解这种合成问题。在这里，我们使用低维卤化物晶体溶剂化物（CSVs）的预播种来触发钙钛矿薄膜底部的形成，并抑制形貌和电子缺陷。csv使钙钛矿前驱体溶液在sam上的纳米结构导向润湿，解开钙钛矿薄膜底部的晶格限制溶剂退火，减轻界面空洞和纳米沟槽。该方法还导致csv衍生的卤化物化合物在薄膜底部钝化，减少电子缺陷并实现有利于空穴提取的界面热力学。CSV预播种的顺序多功能性超越了传统播种策略中的成核控制。所得倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池的功率转换效率为26.13%，填充系数高达86.75%。这些器件在iso - l -1和iso - t -1测试协议下表现出更好的光稳定性和热稳定性。在49.91 cm2的钙钛矿太阳能微型组件上实现了23.15%的功率转换效率，证明了CSV预播种的可扩展性。
{"title":"Crystal-solvate pre-seeded synthesis for scalable perovskite solar cell fabrication","authors":"Xiuhong Sun, Mingwei Hao, Kaiyu Wang, Kuan Wang, Yalan Zhang, Bingqian Zhang, Xuexuan Huang, Chenghao Bi, Shuping Pang, Yuanyuan Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-00993-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-00993-x","url":null,"abstract":"Buried morphological and electronic defects of solution-synthesized perovskite films are detrimental to the photovoltaic stability and performance of state-of-the-art inverted perovskite solar cells based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Previous studies have attempted to alleviate this synthesis issue by molecular tailoring of SAMs. Here we use pre-seeding of low-dimensional halide crystal solvates (CSVs) to trigger the formation of perovskite film bottoms with suppressed morphological and electronic defects. CSVs enable nanostructure-guided wetting of the perovskite precursor solution on SAMs and unlock lattice-confined solvent annealing of the perovskite film bottom, mitigating interfacial voids and nanogrooves. This method also leads to CSV-derived halide compound passivation at the film bottom, reducing electronic defects and enabling hole-extraction-favouring interfacial energetics. The sequential multi-functionality enabled by CSV pre-seeding surpasses the nucleation control in conventional seeding strategies. Resultant inverted perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency of 26.13% with a high fill factor of 86.75%. These devices demonstrate improved light and thermal stabilities under ISOS-L-1 and ISOS-T-1 test protocols. The scalability of CSV pre-seeding is demonstrated with 23.15% power conversion efficiency achieved for a 49.91 cm2 perovskite solar mini-module.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-27DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-01004-9
Weibin Chen, Long Feng, Bingbing Ma, Lina Zhang, Zhou Du, Fanqi Meng, Shengyao Wang, Shibo Xi, Xiao Hai, Ruiqin Zhong, Jin Zhang, Jiong Lu, Ju Li, Ruqiang Zou
Developing scalable methods to synthesize single-atom catalysts (SACs) while maintaining high stability and activity remains a substantial challenge. Here, inspired by click chemistry, we propose a click-locking strategy that utilizes clicking auxiliaries to enable the synthesis of SACs. These clicking auxiliaries function as molecular ‘click-locking seat belts’, ensuring precise atomic anchoring, optimizing electronic structures and enhancing stability, while minimizing raw material loss. By integrating a robotic platform, we achieve high-throughput synthesis, generating extensive libraries of clicking-SACs and enabling rapid performance evaluation. This approach greatly accelerates the discovery of high-performance catalysts for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic and thermocatalytic processes. Furthermore, we demonstrate the kilogram-scale production of clicking-SACs, achieving exceptional catalytic activity and long-term stability. Extensive upscaling and stability tests validate the broad applicability and reliability of clicking-SACs, underscoring their potential as a transformative strategy in industrial catalysis.
{"title":"Click-locking strategy enables automated synthesis of single-atom catalysts with industrial compatibility","authors":"Weibin Chen, Long Feng, Bingbing Ma, Lina Zhang, Zhou Du, Fanqi Meng, Shengyao Wang, Shibo Xi, Xiao Hai, Ruiqin Zhong, Jin Zhang, Jiong Lu, Ju Li, Ruqiang Zou","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-01004-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-01004-9","url":null,"abstract":"Developing scalable methods to synthesize single-atom catalysts (SACs) while maintaining high stability and activity remains a substantial challenge. Here, inspired by click chemistry, we propose a click-locking strategy that utilizes clicking auxiliaries to enable the synthesis of SACs. These clicking auxiliaries function as molecular ‘click-locking seat belts’, ensuring precise atomic anchoring, optimizing electronic structures and enhancing stability, while minimizing raw material loss. By integrating a robotic platform, we achieve high-throughput synthesis, generating extensive libraries of clicking-SACs and enabling rapid performance evaluation. This approach greatly accelerates the discovery of high-performance catalysts for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic and thermocatalytic processes. Furthermore, we demonstrate the kilogram-scale production of clicking-SACs, achieving exceptional catalytic activity and long-term stability. Extensive upscaling and stability tests validate the broad applicability and reliability of clicking-SACs, underscoring their potential as a transformative strategy in industrial catalysis.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-25DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-01028-1
Peter W. Seavill
{"title":"Arylhydrazine reductants for cross-coupling","authors":"Peter W. Seavill","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-01028-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44160-026-01028-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"5 3","pages":"313-313"},"PeriodicalIF":20.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-19DOI: 10.1038/s44160-026-00997-7
Fuhao Zhang, Julius Domack, Niklas Hölter, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Frank Glorius
{"title":"Divergent housane synthesis via intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of 1,4-dienes","authors":"Fuhao Zhang, Julius Domack, Niklas Hölter, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Frank Glorius","doi":"10.1038/s44160-026-00997-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-026-00997-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"322 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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