Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100280
Camilo J. Cela-Conde , Sara Lumbreras , Sandra Pusil , Brenda Chino , José M. Caamaño , Laura Gismera , Fernando Maestú , Luis Rojas-Marcos
According to the standard definition, a creative act requires originality and effectiveness. Creativity is widely considered an exclusively human characteristic, linked to the activity of brain networks such as the Default Mode Network (DMN), the Fronto-Parietal Network (FPN), and, to a lesser extent, the Salience Network (SN). A significant body of literature explores the viability of teaching creativity, often reporting positive results. However, little attention has been paid to the neural network modifications induced by creativity training.
This study investigates changes of creativity-related brain networks over time in the resting state (participants without specific cognitive activities). The stages considered were before and after a learning process focused on visual aesthetic creation tasks (Gabarron Method). High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record brain activity. 51 female volunteers participated in the research.
The results show a significant increase in the activation of the DMN and FPN, with a more limited effect in the SN. The DMN and FPN are neural networks commonly activated during artistic creation and aesthetic perception tasks. This finding supports the existence of what could be called a 'creative universe,' encompassing capacities such as creation, perception, and divergent thinking.
{"title":"Teaching-induced changes in neural networks: Toward a model of the creative universe","authors":"Camilo J. Cela-Conde , Sara Lumbreras , Sandra Pusil , Brenda Chino , José M. Caamaño , Laura Gismera , Fernando Maestú , Luis Rojas-Marcos","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to the standard definition, a creative act requires originality and effectiveness. Creativity is widely considered an exclusively human characteristic, linked to the activity of brain networks such as the Default Mode Network (DMN), the Fronto-Parietal Network (FPN), and, to a lesser extent, the Salience Network (SN). A significant body of literature explores the viability of teaching creativity, often reporting positive results. However, little attention has been paid to the neural network modifications induced by creativity training.</div><div>This study investigates changes of creativity-related brain networks over time in the resting state (participants without specific cognitive activities). The stages considered were before and after a learning process focused on visual aesthetic creation tasks (Gabarron Method). High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record brain activity. 51 female volunteers participated in the research.</div><div>The results show a significant increase in the activation of the DMN and FPN, with a more limited effect in the SN. The DMN and FPN are neural networks commonly activated during artistic creation and aesthetic perception tasks. This finding supports the existence of what could be called a 'creative universe,' encompassing capacities such as creation, perception, and divergent thinking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100279
Mohammad Chaposhloo , Margaret C. McKinnon , Breanne E. Kearney , Saurabh B. Shaw , Ruth Lanius , Suzanna Becker
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has long been viewed by many as a disorder of memory. Consequently, the hippocampal brain networks have been an important focus of research on the neural circuitry of PTSD given its core involvement in episodic memory and mechanisms underlying traumatic memory. The primate hippocampus is functionally divided along its long axis into the anterior (aHipp) and posterior parts (pHipp), with the anterior portion playing a greater role in emotion-related memories, while the posterior region is more involved in cognitive and spatial processing. This suggests that the aHipp may be more actively involved in PTSD. Critically, however, little research has investigated the differential involvement of these hippocampal subregions in PTSD, and most research in this area has been conducted during rest rather than during the active recall of traumatic or extremely emotional memories. It is an open question whether anterior and posterior hippocampal regions might play differential roles during trauma-related memory recall. Here, we addressed this question by investigating the activity and the whole-brain functional connectivity of the aHipp and pHipp during the recall of traumatic/moral injury (MI) related trauma memories versus neutral memories in three groups: those with PTSD without dissociative symptoms, referred to as PTSD (DS-; n = 49), those with the dissociative subtype, referred to as PTSD (DS+; n = 19), and trauma-exposed healthy controls (n = 36). Both anterior and posterior hippocampal subregions displayed abnormal functional connectivity with various brain regions in PTSD (DS+) during trauma memory recall, with the pHipp showing more extensive abnormalities compared to the anterior part. For example, the pHipp showed abnormal functional connectivity with areas such as the anterior cerebellum, the parahippocampal and fusiform gyri, sensorimotor cortex, and early visual areas of the occipital lobe in PTSD (DS+) compared to PTSD (DS-) and controls during the recall of traumatic/MI memories. Collectively, these results suggest differential involvement of the anterior and posterior hippocampus in the recall of traumatic memories in traumatic/MI-related PTSD and its dissociative subtype, which may relate to the decontextualized and fragmented nature of traumatic memories.
{"title":"Unraveling trauma memory: Differential functional connectivity profiles of anterior and posterior hippocampus in post-traumatic stress disorder and its dissociative subtype","authors":"Mohammad Chaposhloo , Margaret C. McKinnon , Breanne E. Kearney , Saurabh B. Shaw , Ruth Lanius , Suzanna Becker","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has long been viewed by many as a disorder of memory. Consequently, the hippocampal brain networks have been an important focus of research on the neural circuitry of PTSD given its core involvement in episodic memory and mechanisms underlying traumatic memory. The primate hippocampus is functionally divided along its long axis into the anterior (aHipp) and posterior parts (pHipp), with the anterior portion playing a greater role in emotion-related memories, while the posterior region is more involved in cognitive and spatial processing. This suggests that the aHipp may be more actively involved in PTSD. Critically, however, little research has investigated the differential involvement of these hippocampal subregions in PTSD, and most research in this area has been conducted during rest rather than during the active recall of traumatic or extremely emotional memories. It is an open question whether anterior and posterior hippocampal regions might play differential roles during trauma-related memory recall. Here, we addressed this question by investigating the activity and the whole-brain functional connectivity of the aHipp and pHipp during the recall of traumatic/moral injury (MI) related trauma memories versus neutral memories in three groups: those with PTSD without dissociative symptoms, referred to as PTSD (DS-; n = 49), those with the dissociative subtype, referred to as PTSD (DS+; n = 19), and trauma-exposed healthy controls (n = 36). Both anterior and posterior hippocampal subregions displayed abnormal functional connectivity with various brain regions in PTSD (DS+) during trauma memory recall, with the pHipp showing more extensive abnormalities compared to the anterior part. For example, the pHipp showed abnormal functional connectivity with areas such as the anterior cerebellum, the parahippocampal and fusiform gyri, sensorimotor cortex, and early visual areas of the occipital lobe in PTSD (DS+) compared to PTSD (DS-) and controls during the recall of traumatic/MI memories. Collectively, these results suggest differential involvement of the anterior and posterior hippocampus in the recall of traumatic memories in traumatic/MI-related PTSD and its dissociative subtype, which may relate to the decontextualized and fragmented nature of traumatic memories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is commonly treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), yet many patients fail to achieve remission. Neuroimaging markers, such as pre-treatment functional and structural connectivity, may help elucidate OCD pathology and CBT mechanisms, and predict treatment outcomes. This study investigates the relationship between pre-treatment functional and structural connectivity and remission status in OCD patients following CBT.
Methods
Thirty-three OCD patients underwent multimodal MRI, including resting-state fMRI to assess pre-treatment functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate white matter integrity. Functional connectivity multivariate pattern analysis (fc-MVPA) identified patterns linked to treatment outcomes. TRACULA, a probabilistic tractography technique, analyzed white matter tracts, focusing on diffusion metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine group differences.
Results
Remission was associated with significantly higher pre-treatment resting-state functional connectivity between the occipital pole and lateral occipital cortex (height threshold: p < 0.001 uncorrected and cluster threshold: p < 0.05 cluster-size FDR corrected for multiple comparisons), suggesting a role in visual processing. Differences in white matter integrity were found in the corpus callosum rostrum, left acoustic radiation, right dorsal cingulum bundle, and right superior longitudinal fasciculus II, though these results were not corrected for multiple comparisons.
Conclusion
Enhanced pre-treatment functional connectivity in visual processing regions and specific white matter tracts may serve as biomarkers for remission in OCD following CBT. These findings could improve understanding of CBT’s neural effects and guide personalized treatment strategies.
{"title":"Pre-CBT resting-state connectivity and white matter integrity in OCD remission: A multimodal MRI study","authors":"Yuki Ikemizu , Yuko Isobe , Yusuke Sudo , Junko Ota , Ritu Bhusal Chhatkuli , Tubasa Sasaki , Kohei Kurita , Tokiko Yoshida , Koji Matsumoto , Masaru Kuno , Naoko Kato , Akiko Nakagawa , Eiji Shimizu , Yoshiyuki Hirano","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is commonly treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), yet many patients fail to achieve remission. Neuroimaging markers, such as pre-treatment functional and structural connectivity, may help elucidate OCD pathology and CBT mechanisms, and predict treatment outcomes. This study investigates the relationship between pre-treatment functional and structural connectivity and remission status in OCD patients following CBT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-three OCD patients underwent multimodal MRI, including resting-state fMRI to assess pre-treatment functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate white matter integrity. Functional connectivity multivariate pattern analysis (fc-MVPA) identified patterns linked to treatment outcomes. TRACULA, a probabilistic tractography technique, analyzed white matter tracts, focusing on diffusion metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine group differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Remission was associated with significantly higher pre-treatment resting-state functional connectivity between the occipital pole and lateral occipital cortex (height threshold: p < 0.001 uncorrected and cluster threshold: p < 0.05 cluster-size FDR corrected for multiple comparisons), suggesting a role in visual processing. Differences in white matter integrity were found in the corpus callosum rostrum, left acoustic radiation, right dorsal cingulum bundle, and right superior longitudinal fasciculus II, though these results were not corrected for multiple comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Enhanced pre-treatment functional connectivity in visual processing regions and specific white matter tracts may serve as biomarkers for remission in OCD following CBT. These findings could improve understanding of CBT’s neural effects and guide personalized treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100278
Tahereh Rashnavadi , Raphael F. Casseb , Kristine E. Woodward , Paolo Federico , Bradley Goodyear
Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE), marked by recurrent seizures arising from the frontal lobes, can significantly impair cognitive and motor function, reducing quality of life. Recent studies suggest that epilepsies can involve functional networks throughout the brain that can be identified using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this study, we aimed to determine whether FLE is associated with a distinct functional network brain states. Using dynamic functional connectivity analysis in combination with k-means clustering, we investigated dynamic connectivity patterns of the somatomotor network (SMN) and default mode network (DMN) of ten right-hemisphere and six left-hemisphere FLE patients, as well as nine healthy controls. We found two distinct states of rest for both the SMN and DMN: a high connectivity state and a lower, more variable connectivity state that was often specific to individual patients. Both FLE groups showed reduced overall connectivity compared to controls, with the greatest differences emerging during the low connectivity state. Right FLE patients and controls exhibited relatively uniform reductions, whereas left FLE patients showed spatially specific disruptions, including reduced lateral-to-medial SMN connectivity and decreased connectivity in posterior and left-lateralized DMN regions. Our findings suggest that dynamic connectivity analysis can uncover the temporal complexity and patient-specific nature of brain network disruption in FLE, supporting the development of personalized diagnostic and treatment strategies. Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate these results and explore additional factors affecting brain functional connectivity.
{"title":"Motor and default mode network states of rest in frontal lobe epilepsy","authors":"Tahereh Rashnavadi , Raphael F. Casseb , Kristine E. Woodward , Paolo Federico , Bradley Goodyear","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE), marked by recurrent seizures arising from the frontal lobes, can significantly impair cognitive and motor function, reducing quality of life. Recent studies suggest that epilepsies can involve functional networks throughout the brain that can be identified using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this study, we aimed to determine whether FLE is associated with a distinct functional network brain states. Using dynamic functional connectivity analysis in combination with <em>k</em>-means clustering, we investigated dynamic connectivity patterns of the somatomotor network (SMN) and default mode network (DMN) of ten right-hemisphere and six left-hemisphere FLE patients, as well as nine healthy controls. We found two distinct states of rest for both the SMN and DMN: a high connectivity state and a lower, more variable connectivity state that was often specific to individual patients. Both FLE groups showed reduced overall connectivity compared to controls, with the greatest differences emerging during the low connectivity state. Right FLE patients and controls exhibited relatively uniform reductions, whereas left FLE patients showed spatially specific disruptions, including reduced lateral-to-medial SMN connectivity and decreased connectivity in posterior and left-lateralized DMN regions. Our findings suggest that dynamic connectivity analysis can uncover the temporal complexity and patient-specific nature of brain network disruption in FLE, supporting the development of personalized diagnostic and treatment strategies. Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate these results and explore additional factors affecting brain functional connectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100274
S.B. Jelsma , M. Zijlmans , I.B. Heijink , F.W.A. Hoefnagels , M. Raemaekers , W.M. Otte , N.E.C. van Klink , D. van Blooijs
Epilepsy surgery is usually based on the removal of a local epileptogenic zone. If epilepsy is considered a network disease, a network approach might be more suitable. Insight into patient-specific epileptic brain networks is necessary to establish network-based surgical strategies.
We included epilepsy surgery candidates who underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and intracranial EEG implantation with single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES, 0.2 Hz, 1–8 mA, 1 ms, monophasic stimuli) during presurgical evaluation. We reconstructed structural connectivity using fiber tractography taking intracranial electrodes as nodes. We reconstructed effective connectivity with SPES cortico-cortical evoked responses. We determined the inter-modal similarity between structural and effective connectivity with the Jaccard index, and compared network topologies using degree and betweenness centrality. We constructed a linear multilevel model to evaluate the relation between structural and effective connectivity at subject group level. The seizure onset zone nodes (SOZ), node proximity, and the volume of the electrode contact areas (VEA) were added to the model as possible predictors to accommodate for epilepsy and irregular spatial sampling.
We included 13 patients (five with electrocorticography, eight with stereo-EEG). The median Jaccard index was 0.25 (IQR: 0.20–0.29), which means there is a higher overlap than expected by chance (median expected Jaccard index = 0.1 (IQR: 0.07–0.17)) with a considerable amount of connections that did not overlap. The structural connectivity degree showed a significant positive correlation with the effective connectivity degree in 9/13 patients and at group level after accommodating for node proximity (β = 0.13, 95 %-CI = [0.04, 0.21], t(852) = 2.79, p = 0.0054). SOZ and VEA were no significant predictors for the correlation between structural and effective connectivity.
We showed a moderate overlap between non-invasive structural (measured with DWI) and invasive effective (measured with SPES) connectivity in epileptic brain networks. This overlap supports using non-invasively determined connectivity along with intracranial EEG to understand the epileptic brain. Future research needs to translate these findings towards network-based surgical strategies.
{"title":"Structural and effective brain connectivity in focal epilepsy","authors":"S.B. Jelsma , M. Zijlmans , I.B. Heijink , F.W.A. Hoefnagels , M. Raemaekers , W.M. Otte , N.E.C. van Klink , D. van Blooijs","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epilepsy surgery is usually based on the removal of a local epileptogenic zone. If epilepsy is considered a network disease, a network approach might be more suitable. Insight into patient-specific epileptic brain networks is necessary to establish network-based surgical strategies.</div><div>We included epilepsy surgery candidates who underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and intracranial EEG implantation with single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES, 0.2 Hz, 1–8 mA, 1 ms, monophasic stimuli) during presurgical evaluation. We reconstructed structural connectivity using fiber tractography taking intracranial electrodes as nodes. We reconstructed effective connectivity with SPES cortico-cortical evoked responses. We determined the inter-modal similarity between structural and effective connectivity with the Jaccard index, and compared network topologies using degree and betweenness centrality. We constructed a linear multilevel model to evaluate the relation between structural and effective connectivity at subject group level. The seizure onset zone nodes (SOZ), node proximity, and the volume of the electrode contact areas (VEA) were added to the model as possible predictors to accommodate for epilepsy and irregular spatial sampling.</div><div>We included 13 patients (five with electrocorticography, eight with stereo-EEG). The median Jaccard index was 0.25 (IQR: 0.20–0.29), which means there is a higher overlap than expected by chance (median expected Jaccard index = 0.1 (IQR: 0.07–0.17)) with a considerable amount of connections that did not overlap. The structural connectivity degree showed a significant positive correlation with the effective connectivity degree in 9/13 patients and at group level after accommodating for node proximity (β = 0.13, 95 %-CI = [0.04, 0.21], t(852) = 2.79, p = 0.0054). SOZ and VEA were no significant predictors for the correlation between structural and effective connectivity.</div><div>We showed a moderate overlap between non-invasive structural (measured with DWI) and invasive effective (measured with SPES) connectivity in epileptic brain networks. This overlap supports using non-invasively determined connectivity along with intracranial EEG to understand the epileptic brain. Future research needs to translate these findings towards network-based surgical strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100276
Erin L. Meier , Lisa D. Bunker , Hana Kim , Alexandra Zezinka Durfee , Victoria Tilton-Bolowsky , Voss Neal , Argye E. Hillis
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neurotechnology that has several advantages over fMRI, but questions remain about factors that affect data quality and activity in stroke survivors. We examined the effect of protocol factors (Aim 1) and participant characteristics (Aim 2) on raw fNIRS signal quality and tested associations between quality control metrics and brain activity and connectivity (Aim 3) in a sample of 107 individuals with a history of left or right hemisphere stroke. Participants completed tasks that varied by cognitive and motor speech demands (from low to high): Resting State, Discourse Comprehension, and Picture Naming. Scalp-coupling indices, peak spectral power values, and number of bad channels from each task were extracted from the Quality Testing of Near Infrared Scans (QT-NIRS) toolbox (Montero-Hernandez and Pollonini, 2020) and used to index raw data quality. Data quality did not vary by session location or protocol experience, but all data quality metrics from Picture Naming were significantly lower than those from the other tasks. fNIRS signals were generally worse for Black women compared to Black men and White individuals regardless of gender. No significant associations between the raw fNIRS signal quality and Resting State functional connectivity were found. However, relative changes in Picture Naming hemoglobin concentrations were associated with scalp-coupling indices for certain channels. These results highlight the need for careful data preprocessing of already collected data and a systematic approach in future studies to mitigate inherent biases of optical instruments, thereby enhancing the inclusion of underrepresented groups in neuroscience research.
功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）是一种新兴的神经技术，与功能磁共振成像相比有许多优势，但影响中风幸存者数据质量和活动的因素仍然存在问题。我们研究了方案因素（Aim 1）和参与者特征（Aim 2）对原始fNIRS信号质量的影响，并测试了质量控制指标与大脑活动和连通性（Aim 3）之间的关联，样本包括107名有左半球或右半球卒中史的个体。参与者完成了由认知和运动语言需求（从低到高）不同的任务：静息状态、话语理解和图片命名。从近红外扫描质量测试（QT-NIRS）工具箱（Montero-Hernandez and Pollonini, 2020）中提取每个任务的头皮耦合指数、峰值光谱功率值和坏通道数量，并用于索引原始数据质量。数据质量不会因会话位置或协议经验而变化，但是来自图片命名的所有数据质量指标明显低于来自其他任务的数据质量指标。与黑人男性和白人相比，黑人女性的近红外光谱信号普遍较差，无论性别如何。未发现原始fNIRS信号质量与静息状态功能连接之间存在显著关联。然而，图像命名血红蛋白浓度的相对变化与某些通道的头皮偶联指数有关。这些结果强调了在未来的研究中需要对已经收集的数据进行仔细的数据预处理，并采用系统的方法来减轻光学仪器的固有偏差，从而增强神经科学研究中代表性不足群体的纳入。
{"title":"The effects of protocol factors and participant characteristics on functional near-infrared spectroscopy data quality after stroke","authors":"Erin L. Meier , Lisa D. Bunker , Hana Kim , Alexandra Zezinka Durfee , Victoria Tilton-Bolowsky , Voss Neal , Argye E. Hillis","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neurotechnology that has several advantages over fMRI, but questions remain about factors that affect data quality and activity in stroke survivors. We examined the effect of protocol factors (Aim 1) and participant characteristics (Aim 2) on raw fNIRS signal quality and tested associations between quality control metrics and brain activity and connectivity (Aim 3) in a sample of 107 individuals with a history of left or right hemisphere stroke. Participants completed tasks that varied by cognitive and motor speech demands (from low to high): Resting State, Discourse Comprehension, and Picture Naming. Scalp-coupling indices, peak spectral power values, and number of bad channels from each task were extracted from the Quality Testing of Near Infrared Scans (QT-NIRS) toolbox (Montero-Hernandez and Pollonini, 2020) and used to index raw data quality. Data quality did not vary by session location or protocol experience, but all data quality metrics from Picture Naming were significantly lower than those from the other tasks. fNIRS signals were generally worse for Black women compared to Black men and White individuals regardless of gender. No significant associations between the raw fNIRS signal quality and Resting State functional connectivity were found. However, relative changes in Picture Naming hemoglobin concentrations were associated with scalp-coupling indices for certain channels. These results highlight the need for careful data preprocessing of already collected data and a systematic approach in future studies to mitigate inherent biases of optical instruments, thereby enhancing the inclusion of underrepresented groups in neuroscience research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100271
Cihan Dogan , Claire E. Miller , Tom Jefferis , Margarita Saranti , Austyn J. Tempesta , Andrew J. Schofield , Ramaswamy Palaniappan , Howard Bowman
Cortical hyperexcitability is a key pathophysiological feature in several neurological disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, tinnitus, and Alzheimer's disease. We examined the temporal characteristics of Event Related Potentials (ERPs) in a healthy population using the Pattern Glare Test, a diagnostic tool used to assess patients with sensitivity to cortical hyperexcitability. In pre-experiment questionnaires, participants reported their susceptibility to a range of symptoms. A factor analysis over these responses identified three variables, with the one we investigate in this paper loading strongly on headache symptoms, e.g. headache frequency. We investigated two timeframes: habituation over the course of the entire experiment and sensitization over the course of a sequence of stimulus presentations. We found evidence of hyperexcitability at electrodes over visual cortex, for the aggravating stimulus (grating of ∼3 cycles/deg). Participants higher on the headache factor exhibited a higher degree of habituation and sensitization, with evidence that the level of sensitization habituated through the course of the experiment. These findings suggest that the same experimental paradigm and analysis should be performed on a clinically diagnosed population.
{"title":"Headache-specific hyperexcitation sensitises and habituates on different time scales: An event related potential study of pattern-glare","authors":"Cihan Dogan , Claire E. Miller , Tom Jefferis , Margarita Saranti , Austyn J. Tempesta , Andrew J. Schofield , Ramaswamy Palaniappan , Howard Bowman","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cortical hyperexcitability is a key pathophysiological feature in several neurological disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, tinnitus, and Alzheimer's disease. We examined the temporal characteristics of Event Related Potentials (ERPs) in a healthy population using the Pattern Glare Test, a diagnostic tool used to assess patients with sensitivity to cortical hyperexcitability. In pre-experiment questionnaires, participants reported their susceptibility to a range of symptoms. A factor analysis over these responses identified three variables, with the one we investigate in this paper loading strongly on headache symptoms, e.g. headache frequency. We investigated two timeframes: habituation over the course of the entire experiment and sensitization over the course of a sequence of stimulus presentations. We found evidence of hyperexcitability at electrodes over visual cortex, for the aggravating stimulus (grating of ∼3 cycles/deg). Participants higher on the headache factor exhibited a higher degree of habituation and sensitization, with evidence that the level of sensitization habituated through the course of the experiment. These findings suggest that the same experimental paradigm and analysis should be performed on a clinically diagnosed population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100277
Lars Skattebøl , Rigmor Lundby , Mathias H. Øverås , Piotr Sowa , Elisabeth G. Celius , Hanne F. Harbo , Wibeke Nordhøy , Einar A. Høgestøl , Gro O. Nygaard
Objective
Chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis is associated with neurodegeneration and progressive functional decline. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technique that visualizes paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), which are indicative of chronic inflammation. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the prevalence of PRLs in multiple sclerosis and assessed their associations with clinical disability, tissue magnetic susceptibility, and brain age predictions.
Methods
All participants from the NOR-MS study with a 3T MRI T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo and QSM were included (n = 42, mean age = 39.4 years, 59.5 % females, median disease duration = 0.1 years [IQR: 0.02–5.42]). The presence and characteristics of PRLs were evaluated by an experienced neuroradiologist. PRL and non-PRL susceptibility were categorized into separate groups through manual segmentation and voxel-wise analysis. We utilized a validated simple fully convolutional network and T1-weighted images to estimate brain age, and its derivative – brain age gap (BAG). Clinical disability was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).
Results
PRLs were identified in 14.3 % (n = 6) of study participants, and correlated with EDSS (rho = 0.86, p = 0.03). The mean paramagnetic rim susceptibility was 25.6 ± 14.1 parts per billion and correlated with EDSS (rho = 0.93, p = 0.008). EDSS was significantly higher in the PRL-positive group (median EDSS 2.25 vs 1.5, p = 0.02). The PRL-positive group exhibited a mean 5.6-year higher BAG (p = 0.01) than the PRL-negative group.
Conclusion
PRLs were present in a significant subset of study participants with MS and were associated with greater disability and higher BAG.
目的多发性硬化症慢性炎症与神经退行性变和进行性功能下降有关。定量敏感性映射（QSM）是一种MRI技术，可以显示顺磁边缘病变（prl），这是慢性炎症的指示。在这项横断面研究中，我们探讨了prl在多发性硬化症中的患病率，并评估了它们与临床残疾、组织磁化率和脑年龄预测的关系。方法所有采用3T MRI t1加权磁化快速梯度回声和QSM的NOR-MS研究参与者（n = 42，平均年龄= 39.4岁，女性59.5%，中位病程= 0.1年[IQR: 0.02-5.42]）。由经验丰富的神经放射学家评估prl的存在和特征。通过人工分割和体素分析，将PRL和非PRL敏感性分为不同的组。我们使用经过验证的简单全卷积网络和t1加权图像来估计脑年龄及其衍生物-脑年龄差距（BAG）。临床残疾评估采用扩展残疾状态量表（EDSS）。结果14.3% （n = 6）的受试者存在sprl， sprl与EDSS相关（rho = 0.86, p = 0.03）。平均顺磁边缘磁化率为25.6±14.1，与EDSS相关（rho = 0.93, p = 0.008）。prl阳性组EDSS显著升高（中位EDSS 2.25 vs 1.5, p = 0.02）。prl阳性组的BAG平均比prl阴性组高5.6年（p = 0.01）。结论prl存在于MS研究参与者的一个重要子集中，并且与更大的残疾和更高的BAG相关。
{"title":"Quantitative susceptibility mapping of paramagnetic rim lesions in early multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study of brain age and disability","authors":"Lars Skattebøl , Rigmor Lundby , Mathias H. Øverås , Piotr Sowa , Elisabeth G. Celius , Hanne F. Harbo , Wibeke Nordhøy , Einar A. Høgestøl , Gro O. Nygaard","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis is associated with neurodegeneration and progressive functional decline. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technique that visualizes paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), which are indicative of chronic inflammation. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the prevalence of PRLs in multiple sclerosis and assessed their associations with clinical disability, tissue magnetic susceptibility, and brain age predictions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All participants from the NOR-MS study with a 3T MRI T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo and QSM were included (n = 42, mean age = 39.4 years, 59.5 % females, median disease duration = 0.1 years [IQR: 0.02–5.42]). The presence and characteristics of PRLs were evaluated by an experienced neuroradiologist. PRL and non-PRL susceptibility were categorized into separate groups through manual segmentation and voxel-wise analysis. We utilized a validated simple fully convolutional network and T1-weighted images to estimate brain age, and its derivative – brain age gap (BAG). Clinical disability was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PRLs were identified in 14.3 % (n = 6) of study participants, and correlated with EDSS (rho = 0.86, p = 0.03). The mean paramagnetic rim susceptibility was 25.6 ± 14.1 parts per billion and correlated with EDSS (rho = 0.93, p = 0.008). EDSS was significantly higher in the PRL-positive group (median EDSS 2.25 vs 1.5, p = 0.02). The PRL-positive group exhibited a mean 5.6-year higher BAG (p = 0.01) than the PRL-negative group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PRLs were present in a significant subset of study participants with MS and were associated with greater disability and higher BAG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100272
Melika Kangarani-Farahani , Jill G. Zwicker
Purpose
Up to 88 % of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience motor difficulties consistent with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention is effective for children with co-occurring ASD and DCD to learn motor skills, but it is unknown if treatment-induced brain changes occur in this clinical population. Our objectives were to: (1) investigate changes in white matter microstructure in children with ASD + DCD after CO-OP intervention; (2) determine whether these brain changes are maintained three months after intervention; and (3) explore the relationship of white matter changes with improvements in motor function.
Methods
In this quasi-experimental study, 24 children with ASD + DCD (aged 8–12 years) underwent an initial MRI and were randomly assigned to either a treatment or waitlist group. The treatment group received CO-OP intervention (once weekly for 10 weeks), had a second MRI post-intervention, and a follow-up scan three months later. The waitlist group waited three months for their second MRI, received the intervention, and then had a post-treatment scan. Diffusion tensor imaging data were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics.
Results
Children with ASD + DCD showed increased fractional anisotropy in cerebellar white matter in vermal lobule VI and middle cerebellar peduncle after CO-OP (Cohen's d = 0.88 and 0.85, respectively). Brain changes were maintained three months post-intervention. Regression analysis found no relationship between white matter changes and motor outcomes.
Conclusions
Improvements in cerebellar white matter pathways in children with ASD + DCD highlight the efficacy of CO-OP interventions as a therapeutic approach for this clinical population.
{"title":"White matter changes with rehabilitation in children with Co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder","authors":"Melika Kangarani-Farahani , Jill G. Zwicker","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Up to 88 % of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience motor difficulties consistent with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention is effective for children with co-occurring ASD and DCD to learn motor skills, but it is unknown if treatment-induced brain changes occur in this clinical population. Our objectives were to: (1) investigate changes in white matter microstructure in children with ASD + DCD after CO-OP intervention; (2) determine whether these brain changes are maintained three months after intervention; and (3) explore the relationship of white matter changes with improvements in motor function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this quasi-experimental study, 24 children with ASD + DCD (aged 8–12 years) underwent an initial MRI and were randomly assigned to either a treatment or waitlist group. The treatment group received CO-OP intervention (once weekly for 10 weeks), had a second MRI post-intervention, and a follow-up scan three months later. The waitlist group waited three months for their second MRI, received the intervention, and then had a post-treatment scan. Diffusion tensor imaging data were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children with ASD + DCD showed increased fractional anisotropy in cerebellar white matter in vermal lobule VI and middle cerebellar peduncle after CO-OP (Cohen's d = 0.88 and 0.85, respectively). Brain changes were maintained three months post-intervention. Regression analysis found no relationship between white matter changes and motor outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Improvements in cerebellar white matter pathways in children with ASD + DCD highlight the efficacy of CO-OP interventions as a therapeutic approach for this clinical population.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trials registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04119492.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100273
Laura Nunez-Gonzalez , Elise G.P. Dopper , Anke W. van der Eerden , Samy Abo Seada , Agnita J.W. Boon , Marcel M. Verbeek , Bastiaan R. Bloem , Frederick Jan Anton Meijer , Juan Antonio Hernandez-Tamames
{"title":"Quantitative MRI-based decision model for early-stage parkinsonism diagnosis: a pilot feasibility study","authors":"Laura Nunez-Gonzalez , Elise G.P. Dopper , Anke W. van der Eerden , Samy Abo Seada , Agnita J.W. Boon , Marcel M. Verbeek , Bastiaan R. Bloem , Frederick Jan Anton Meijer , Juan Antonio Hernandez-Tamames","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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