Neuroimage. Reports最新文献

{"title":"Cholinergic neurotransmission in the anterior cingulate cortex is associated with cognitive performance in healthy older adults: Baseline characteristics of the Improving Neurological Health in Aging via Neuroplasticity-based Computerized Exercise (INHANCE) trial","authors":"Ana de Figueiredo Pelegrino ,&nbsp;Mouna Attarha ,&nbsp;Paule-Joanne Toussaint ,&nbsp;Lydia Ouellet ,&nbsp;Sarah-Jane Grant ,&nbsp;Thomas Van Vleet ,&nbsp;Etienne de Villers-Sidani","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is associated with dysfunction in the cholinergic system, including degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic terminals that innervate the cortex, which directly contributes to age- and disease-related cognitive decline. In this study, we used [18F]fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to assess the effect of age on cholinergic terminal integrity in predefined regions of interest and its relationship to cognitive performance in healthy older adults who underwent neuropsychological assessment and FEOBV PET brain imaging. Our results showed age-related reductions in FEOBV binding, particularly in the anterior cingulate cortex-the primary region of interest-as well as in the striatum, posterior cingulate cortex, and primary auditory cortex. Notably, FEOBV binding in the anterior cingulate cortex was positively correlated with cognitive performance on the NIH EXAMINER Executive Composite Score. These findings suggest that [18F]FEOBV PET imaging can be used as a reliable biomarker to assess cholinergic changes in the human brain and indicate that preserving the cholinergic integrity of the basal forebrain may help maintain cognitive function and protect against age-related cognitive decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully automated grading of pituitary adenoma","authors":"Raffaele Da Mutten ,&nbsp;Olivier Zanier ,&nbsp;Massimo Bottini ,&nbsp;Yves Baumann ,&nbsp;Olga Ciobanu-Caraus ,&nbsp;Luca Regli ,&nbsp;Carlo Serra ,&nbsp;Victor E. Staartjes","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Zurich Pituitary Score (ZPS) is an externally validated radiological grading scale to predict the likelihood of gross total resection (GTR) on coronal T1w magnetic resonance imaging of pituitary adenomas. The ZPS is based on the ratio of maximum tumor horizontal diameter and minimum intercarotid distance and on carotid artery encasement. While the interobserver agreement of the ZPS was relatively good, automated grading would be beneficial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nnU-Net algorithm was trained to segment the manually labeled tumor tissue and the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery. Subsequently, maximum horizontal tumor diameter and minimum intercarotid distance were extracted. Last, a seed-growing algorithm checked for encasement of the carotid to determine the ZPS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>213 patients were included, of which 128 (60%) had non-functioning adenomas, 49 (23%) a growth-hormone secreting and 19 (9%) a prolactin producing tumor. Accordingly, ZPS gradings were I = 63 (30%), II = 94 (44%), III = 41 (19%) and IV = 15 (7%). Dice score (mean ± standard deviation) for the tumor, left carotid, and right carotid in training validation of 0.78 ± 0.24, 0.62 ± 0.31, 0.62 ± 0.30 and during holdout testing of 0.79 ± 0.24, 0.59 ± 0.32, 0.58 ± 0.33 was reached. After the exclusion of two cases with poor segmentation results, intraclass correlation coefficients [95% CI] for the intercarotid distance, maximum horizontal tumor diameter, and the ZPS ratio of the two measurements were 0.89 [0.80, 0.94], 0.91 [0.82, 0.96], 0.80 [0.66, 0.89] respectively. Cohen's weighted Kappa for the final ZPS grading was 0.79 [0.68, 0.90] and Spearman rank correlation was 0.83.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We developed and internally validated a machine learning-based method for fully automated grading of the ZPS. Generally, robust segmentation performance was achieved. While ZPS grading generally worked well, human ratings remain superior in many situations. Especially for raters with low experience, our approach offers a solid and objective alternative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-state connectivity and task-based cortical response in post-stroke executive dysfunction: A fNIRS study","authors":"Kayee Chong ,&nbsp;Songmei Chen ,&nbsp;Xixi Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang ,&nbsp;Deng Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunlei Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study attempted to investigate the frontoparietal cortical reorganization associated with executive function (EF) in post-stroke executive dysfunction (PSED) patients, focusing on resting-state, Stroop and 1-back task-based functional connectivity (FC) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recorded oxygenated hemoglobin concentration signals from bilateral inferior parietal lobule (R_IPL/L_IPL), pre-motor area (R_PMA/L_PMA), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R_DLPFC/L_DLPFC), Broca's area (R_Broca/L_Broca) and frontopolar cortex (FPC) of 20 PSED patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs). We compared group differences in cortical response, including functional connectivity (FC) during resting-state, task-based FC during Stroop and 1-back task as well as cortical activation during these tasks. Additionally, we analyzed the correlation between MoCA scores, task performance, and any specific cortical response that showed differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PSED patients exhibited hypoactivation in executive-related regions during both Stroop and 1-back tasks compared to HCs. During the Stroop task, cross-hemispheric hyperconnectivity from the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) to the right Broca's area suggested compensatory adaptation. During the 1-back task, within-frontal and intra-hemispheric hypoconnectivity indicated maladaptive neural reorganization. Correlation analyses revealed that increased directed FC from the left IPL to right Broca was positively associated with Stroop reaction time, while decreased directed FC from the right IPL to the frontopolar cortex (FPC) was negatively associated with 1-back task performance in PSED patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study highlights the importance of including the parietal cortex in fNIRS studies of PSED to obtain a comprehensive understanding of EF deficits. From the investigation of task-based cortical response, PSED patients exhibited different patterns of FC despite reduced task-based cortical activation: compensatory cross-hemispheric hyperconnectivity during the Stroop task, while maladaptive within-frontal and between IPL and frontopolar hypoconnectivity during the 1-back task. Incorporating the insights gained from our study, future research can explore multi-targeted neuromodulation strategies that address frontal and parietal cortices may be more effective in improving cognitive outcomes in stroke survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Associations with disease activity, cognitive dysfunction, fatigue and pain","authors":"Tim Salomonsson ,&nbsp;Kristoffer A. Zervides ,&nbsp;Andreas Jönsen ,&nbsp;Malte Knutsson ,&nbsp;Ronnie Wirestam ,&nbsp;Jimmy Lätt ,&nbsp;Anders A. Bengtsson ,&nbsp;Linda Knutsson ,&nbsp;Pia C. Sundgren","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High disease activity, cognitive dysfunction (CD), fatigue and pain negatively affect the quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the impact on brain perfusion and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability remains incompletely understood. Therefore, we utilized 3 T dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging to investigate these factors in a cohort of 66 female SLE patients. Normalized leakage corrected cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT), and the BBB leakage parameter K_2, were compared within the cohort by splitting the group into patients with and without each symptom respectively. Fourteen regions of interest were chosen, and the results were adjusted for age, disease duration, smoking and glucocorticoids. We found regional significant alterations in the different SLE subgroups compared to patients without each corresponding symptom, with patterns as follows: moderate to high disease activity (n = 17, decreased MTT, increased K₂), CD in ≥1 domain (n = 36, decreased MTT, increased K₂), CD in ≥2 domains (n = 20, increased CBF, CBV and K₂), fatigue (n = 44, increased CBV and MTT), pain (n = 9, increased CBF and CBV, decreased MTT). Additionally, inverse correlations were found between cognitive scores and K₂ in multiple areas, indicating increased BBB permeability with worse cognitive performance. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, longitudinal studies should be conducted in a larger variation of patients, using different measurements of BBB disruption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing Declaration of Competing Interest statement in previously published article","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal inflammation and near-term white matter microstructure in infants born very preterm","authors":"Kathryn G. Anderson ,&nbsp;Molly F. Lazarus ,&nbsp;Lisa Bruckert ,&nbsp;Rocio V. Poblaciones ,&nbsp;Melissa Scala ,&nbsp;Virginia A. Marchman ,&nbsp;Heidi M. Feldman ,&nbsp;Katherine E. Travis","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe neonatal inflammatory conditions in very preterm infants (VPT: &lt;32 weeks gestational age, GA) are linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Differences in white matter (WM) microstructure of the corpus callosum (CC) have been observed at age 6 in VPT children with a history of severe neonatal inflammation. The goal of this study was to determine whether these CC differences can be detected at term-equivalent age using diffusion MRI (dMRI), and whether neonatal inflammation is associated with altered WM in additional tracts implicated in the encephalopathy of prematurity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective study of VPT infants (<em>n</em> = 152) born at 22–32 weeks GA, classified based on the presence (I+, <em>n</em> = 80) or absence (I-, <em>n</em> = 72) of severe neonatal inflammatory conditions (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, or culture-positive sepsis). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) assessed group differences in near-term dMRI mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) across seven segments of the CC and the anterior thalamic radiation, arcuate fasciculus, cingulum, corticospinal tract, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior cerebellar peduncle, and uncinate fasciculus. Due to imbalance of GA in the full sample, secondary ANCOVA analyses were performed in a GA-matched subset (<em>n</em> = 42) to further isolate the effect of inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FA was significantly lower in the I+ group compared to the I- group in the anterior frontal, posterior parietal, temporal, and occipital segments of the CC, and in the cingulum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and superior cerebellar peduncle. This general pattern persisted in the GA-matched subset, with significant differences in the anterior frontal and temporal CC segments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>VPT infants with severe neonatal inflammation had lower FA in multiple white matter tracts, suggesting that inflammation-related alterations in WM development begin in the neonatal period. The observed differences detected using dMRI at term-equivalent age corroborate prior findings and may provide a window of opportunity for early identification of VPT infants at increased risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring cognitive load in multitasking using mobile fNIRS","authors":"Katherine Boere ,&nbsp;Francesca Anderson ,&nbsp;Kent G. Hecker ,&nbsp;Olav E. Krigolson","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive load, or the mental effort required to process and retain information, is a critical factor in high-stakes environments where task demands often exceed working memory capacity, leading to performance declines and errors. However, most cognitive load research has relied on controlled, single-task paradigms, limiting its applicability to real-world multitasking situations. Addressing this gap, we used a mobile, two-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device to measure cognitive load in a complex multitasking environment, simulating real-world cognitive demands. Thirty-one undergraduate participants engaged in single-task and multitask conditions to simulate real-world cognitive demands. Results showed that subjective cognitive load ratings were higher, performance scores were lower, and error rates increased in the multitask condition compared to the single-task condition. However, contrary to expectations, prefrontal cortex activation did not increase in the multitask condition, suggesting a \"cognitive disengagement\" effect, where the brain limits engagement to manage overload. This finding challenges the traditional one-to-one association between cognitive load and prefrontal activation, as seen in simpler validation studies. Our study highlights the value of mobile fNIRS for assessing cognitive load in ecologically valid settings and provides insights that could inform strategies for optimizing performance in high-stakes environments like aviation and healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-guided clustering of patients with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease using self-organizing maps","authors":"Kellen K. Petersen ,&nbsp;Bhargav T. Nallapu ,&nbsp;Richard B. Lipton ,&nbsp;Ellen Grober ,&nbsp;Ali Ezzati","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a phenotypically and pathologically heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder. This heterogeneity can be studied and disentangled using data-driven clustering techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We implemented a self-organizing map clustering algorithm on baseline volumetric MRI measures from nine brain regions of interest (ROIs) to cluster 1041 individuals enrolled in the placebo arm of the EXPEDITION3 trial. Volumetric MRI differences were compared among clusters. Demographics as well as baseline and longitudinal cognitive performance metrics were used to evaluate cluster characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three distinct clusters, with an overall silhouette coefficient of 0.491, were identified based on MRI volumetrics. Cluster 1 (N = 400) had the largest baseline volumetric measures across all ROIs and the best cognitive performance at baseline. Cluster 2 (N = 269) had larger hippocampal and medial temporal lobe volumes, but smaller parietal lobe volumes in comparison with the third cluster (N = 372). Significant between-group mean differences were observed between Clusters 1 and 2 (difference, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.85 to 2.91; P &lt; 0.001), Clusters 1 and 3 (difference, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.41 to 2.44; P &lt; 0.001), but not between Clusters 2 and 3 (difference, 0.45; 95% CI, −0.11 to 1.02; P = 0.146) in ADAS-14.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Volumetric MRI can be used to identify homogenous clusters of amyloid positive individuals with mild dementia. The groups identified differ in baseline and longitudinal characteristics. Cluster 1 shows little ADAS-14 change over the first 40 weeks of study on placebo treatment and may be unsuitable for identifying early benefits of treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating state-based network dynamics in anhedonia","authors":"Angela Pisoni ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Browndyke ,&nbsp;Simon W. Davis ,&nbsp;Moria Smoski","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anhedonia is a transdiagnostic clinical syndrome associated with significant clinical impairment. In spite of this, a clear network-level characterization of anhedonia does not yet exist. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by taking a graph theoretical approach to characterizing state-based (i.e., reward anticipation, rest) network dynamics in a transdiagnostic sample of adults with clinically significant anhedonia (<em>n</em> = 77). Analyses focused on three canonical brain networks: the Salience Network (SN), the Default Mode Network (DMN) and the Central Executive Network (CEN), with hypotheses focusing on the role of saliency-mapping in anhedonia. Contrary to hypotheses, no significant relation was found between the SN and anhedonia symptom severity. Exploratory results revealed a significant association between anhedonia severity and DMN reorganization from rest to reward anticipation. Specifically, greater anhedonia severity was associated with less reward-related reorganization. This finding suggests that anhedonia severity may be associated with DMN hyposensitivity, such that individuals with more severe anhedonia may have a difficult time disengaging from their internal world in the context of potentially rewarding experiences. Although preliminary, this finding challenges the centrality of the SN in anhedonia severity and suggests the importance of the DMN. Clinical implications and future directions are explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unresponsiveness induced by sevoflurane and propofol is associated with reduced basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei functional connectivity in humans, a pilot exploratory study","authors":"Juliana Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Rachel Nuttall ,&nbsp;Daniel Golkowski ,&nbsp;Gerhard Schneider ,&nbsp;Andreas Ranft ,&nbsp;Rüdiger Ilg ,&nbsp;Afra Wohlschlaeger ,&nbsp;Christian Sorg ,&nbsp;Marlene Tahedl","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies suggest the cholinergic system is involved in anesthesia-induced unconsciousness, hence unresponsiveness. A significant source of cholinergic innervation comes from basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei (BFCN), with bi-directional connections between anterior BFCN and the default mode network (DMN). Since DMN functional connectivity (FC) is consistently reduced during anesthesia-induced unresponsiveness in humans, we hypothesized that BFCN-FC during anesthesia-induced unresponsiveness is reduced and particularly, anterior BFCN-FC reductions might be related to DMN-FC reductions. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) signal correlations (i.e., a proxy for FC) were calculated. FC seeds were anterior and posterior BFCN and the DMN. Rs-fMRI data come from healthy male controls during wakefulness and anesthesia with sevoflurane (n = 15) (at fixed concentrations: 2 and 3 vol%) and propofol titrated to the endpoint of clinical unresponsiveness (n = 12), respectively. FC state differences were tested via paired t-tests; FC changes for anterior BFCN and DMN were associated via correlation analysis. We found reduced anterior and posterior BFCN-FC with sevoflurane and propofol compared to wakefulness. The correlation between reduced DMN-FC-and anterior BFCN-FC reductions was r = 0.57 (p = 0.01) for sevoflurane 3 vol%, r = 0.34 (p = 0.11) for sevoflurane 2 vol% and r = 0.47 (p = 0.06) for propofol. In summary, in this exploratory pilot study, we demonstrated reduced BFCN-FC and a potential correlation between reduced anterior BFCN-FC and DMN-FC during sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia. This suggests DMN changes as a potential factor of anterior BFCN-FC reductions during anesthesia-induced unresponsiveness and BFCN-FC reduction as a potential sign of such state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}