Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304199
Linh Thi Phuong Nguyen, Khoa Le Duc, Khanh Do nam, Hao Tran Thi, Huong Dang Thi, Giang Le Minh, Van Hoang Thi Hai
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a considerable burden on frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), thus increasing their vulnerability to developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our study aimed to examine the relationship between possible PTSD symptoms and resilience and identify associated factors with possible PTSD symptoms among Vietnamese frontline HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. We conducted a cross-sectional study across medical facilities at three administrative levels: provincial, district, and commune levels of Vietnam's healthcare service and management systems. The Item of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were used to measure possible PTSD symptoms and psychological resilience accordingly. In the sample of 763 HCWs, two-thirds were women, their median age was 34, and nearly half were nurses. 15.9% of HCWs reported having possible PTSD symptoms. Several variables, including COVID-19 concerns: worried about being infected with COVID-19, lacking personal protective equipment (PPE), about an uncontrollable pandemic, feeling lonely about being isolated from family, and resilience capacity were statistically significant with having possible PTSD symptoms. Multiple logistic regression showed that reused PPE, concerns about lacking PPE, and low levels of resilience were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of possible PTSD symptoms. It is suggested that greater priority should be given to improving healthcare plans to mitigate HCWs' PTSD symptoms and improve their resilience trait.
{"title":"Association between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Resilience in Frontline Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam","authors":"Linh Thi Phuong Nguyen, Khoa Le Duc, Khanh Do nam, Hao Tran Thi, Huong Dang Thi, Giang Le Minh, Van Hoang Thi Hai","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304199","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a considerable burden on frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), thus increasing their vulnerability to developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our study aimed to examine the relationship between possible PTSD symptoms and resilience and identify associated factors with possible PTSD symptoms among Vietnamese frontline HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. We conducted a cross-sectional study across medical facilities at three administrative levels: provincial, district, and commune levels of Vietnam's healthcare service and management systems. The Item of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were used to measure possible PTSD symptoms and psychological resilience accordingly. In the sample of 763 HCWs, two-thirds were women, their median age was 34, and nearly half were nurses. 15.9% of HCWs reported having possible PTSD symptoms. Several variables, including COVID-19 concerns: worried about being infected with COVID-19, lacking personal protective equipment (PPE), about an uncontrollable pandemic, feeling lonely about being isolated from family, and resilience capacity were statistically significant with having possible PTSD symptoms. Multiple logistic regression showed that reused PPE, concerns about lacking PPE, and low levels of resilience were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of possible PTSD symptoms. It is suggested that greater priority should be given to improving healthcare plans to mitigate HCWs' PTSD symptoms and improve their resilience trait.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139198860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, the advancement of assessment, forecasting, and therapy or medical attention for psychological healthcare is already using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, particularly machine learning, due to the introduction of digital tools to treat mental health conditions. In mental health treatment, the present and the future of artificial intelligence technologies hold both enormous promises and potential dangers. With the current global scenario, psychological disorders like clinical depression, general anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or bipolar disorder are being reported at an alarming rate. Nonetheless, from the perspective of artificial intelligence, we see a shifting trend in diagnosing and early detection of such disorders. The deep learning models and power of machine learning, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest, and deep learning models like Natural Language Processing, Neural Networks, etc., have been committed to helping experts build techniques and prediction models for the same. This article presents an eagle-eye view of the work being done in this field. It focuses on the four major psychological disorders mentioned above, artificial intelligence technology and its current applications in diseases, and a discourse on how artificial intelligence can complement patient care while considering its inherent challenges, limitations, and moral considerations. Artificial intelligence is a rapidly emerging and continuously expanding field of research, which offers many prospects to the healthcare sector along with the challenges.
{"title":"Understanding the Potentiality of Artificial Intelligence in Psychological Disorders Detection and Diagnostics","authors":"Krishanu Aich, Sukrit Kashyap, Konika Tyagi, Ishika Verma, Abhimanyu Chauhan, Chakresh Kumar Jain","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304198","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the advancement of assessment, forecasting, and therapy or medical attention for psychological healthcare is already using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, particularly machine learning, due to the introduction of digital tools to treat mental health conditions. In mental health treatment, the present and the future of artificial intelligence technologies hold both enormous promises and potential dangers. With the current global scenario, psychological disorders like clinical depression, general anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or bipolar disorder are being reported at an alarming rate. Nonetheless, from the perspective of artificial intelligence, we see a shifting trend in diagnosing and early detection of such disorders. The deep learning models and power of machine learning, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest, and deep learning models like Natural Language Processing, Neural Networks, etc., have been committed to helping experts build techniques and prediction models for the same. This article presents an eagle-eye view of the work being done in this field. It focuses on the four major psychological disorders mentioned above, artificial intelligence technology and its current applications in diseases, and a discourse on how artificial intelligence can complement patient care while considering its inherent challenges, limitations, and moral considerations. Artificial intelligence is a rapidly emerging and continuously expanding field of research, which offers many prospects to the healthcare sector along with the challenges.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139210865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304197
N. Abdelwahed, Mohammed A. Al Doghan, B. Soomro
In today's corporate landscape, optimizing performance has emerged as a formidable challenge for organizations, often hindered by formidable barriers and psychological factors. This study explores the role of anxiety, stress, and depression in attaining performance among Egyptian construction site workers. The quantitative analysis utilizes cross-sectional data collected from workers working at different construction sites in Egypt. The study concludes with findings from 298 valid cases. Leveraging the structural equation model (SEM) in a path analysis, the results unveil a stark negative impact of anxiety (p-value = 0.199), stress (p-value = 0.115), and depression (p-value = 0.209) on overall performance. Furthermore, it underscores the noteworthy predictive power of anxiety (p-value = 0.000) and stress (p-value = 0.000) on depression. These findings carry implications for both policy-makers and psychologists, offering valuable guidance for the formulation of strategies aimed at reducing anxiety, stress, and depression to catalyze enhanced performance. Besides, this study contributes a meaningful empirical perspective to the broader psychological and medical literature drawn from the unique context of construction site workers in a developing nation.
{"title":"Anxiety, Stress and Depression as the Notorious Barriers to Achieving a Massive Performance among Egyptian Construction Site Workers","authors":"N. Abdelwahed, Mohammed A. Al Doghan, B. Soomro","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304197","url":null,"abstract":"In today's corporate landscape, optimizing performance has emerged as a formidable challenge for organizations, often hindered by formidable barriers and psychological factors. This study explores the role of anxiety, stress, and depression in attaining performance among Egyptian construction site workers. The quantitative analysis utilizes cross-sectional data collected from workers working at different construction sites in Egypt. The study concludes with findings from 298 valid cases. Leveraging the structural equation model (SEM) in a path analysis, the results unveil a stark negative impact of anxiety (p-value = 0.199), stress (p-value = 0.115), and depression (p-value = 0.209) on overall performance. Furthermore, it underscores the noteworthy predictive power of anxiety (p-value = 0.000) and stress (p-value = 0.000) on depression. These findings carry implications for both policy-makers and psychologists, offering valuable guidance for the formulation of strategies aimed at reducing anxiety, stress, and depression to catalyze enhanced performance. Besides, this study contributes a meaningful empirical perspective to the broader psychological and medical literature drawn from the unique context of construction site workers in a developing nation.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304196
Boram Lee, Yang-Eun Kim
Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint in clinical practice, affecting both the physical and mental health of patients as well as many aspects of their life quality. Young adults, especially university students, are prone to a high prevalence of poor sleep quality or insomnia. Accurate assessment of insomnia severity among university students has become an important issue. One promising screening tool to identify clinically significant insomnia in the campus setting is the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), a seven-item self-report measure designed to assess the nature and severity of one’s insomnia. Although the ISI has been validated in primary care settings in Korea, no studies have examined its factor structure for university students. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the ISI. A convenience sample of 252 undergraduate students aged 18-64 attending a four-year university in South Korea was recruited for the study. The collected data underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which tested alternative models to determine the factorial structure of the ISI. Internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity were examined. CFA findings showed that a two-factor model best fit the data. The ISI was found to be significantly correlated with higher depressive symptoms and possess adequate internal consistency. Our study confirmed that the ISI had insufficient reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity. This study generally supports the validity and factor structure of the ISI. Its two-factor structure is a psychometrically robust measure for evaluating the prevalence of insomnia.
{"title":"Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index among University Students in Korea","authors":"Boram Lee, Yang-Eun Kim","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304196","url":null,"abstract":"Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint in clinical practice, affecting both the physical and mental health of patients as well as many aspects of their life quality. Young adults, especially university students, are prone to a high prevalence of poor sleep quality or insomnia. Accurate assessment of insomnia severity among university students has become an important issue. One promising screening tool to identify clinically significant insomnia in the campus setting is the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), a seven-item self-report measure designed to assess the nature and severity of one’s insomnia. Although the ISI has been validated in primary care settings in Korea, no studies have examined its factor structure for university students. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the ISI. A convenience sample of 252 undergraduate students aged 18-64 attending a four-year university in South Korea was recruited for the study. The collected data underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which tested alternative models to determine the factorial structure of the ISI. Internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity were examined. CFA findings showed that a two-factor model best fit the data. The ISI was found to be significantly correlated with higher depressive symptoms and possess adequate internal consistency. Our study confirmed that the ISI had insufficient reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity. This study generally supports the validity and factor structure of the ISI. Its two-factor structure is a psychometrically robust measure for evaluating the prevalence of insomnia.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139252943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304195
Aleksey Shevcov, Pavel Ustin, Leonid Popov, Fail Gafarov, Galim Vakhitov
The sudden spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has convincingly proved the role of social networks in human life activity as an actor of interpersonal relations. The need for isolation and the limitation of face-to-face communication between people has significantly transformed the system of interpersonal connections through an extensive increase in social contacts in the virtual environment and the growing importance of online social services. In the study, we addressed the problem of diagnosing the indicator of social success of a personality, reflecting characteristics of its interpersonal relations in offline activity through the attributes of its virtual activity in social networks. The research was based on the methods of social network analysis and traditional ways of psychodiagnostics. Social networks were analyzed using social graphs - mathematical models that describe the characteristics of relationships between users in social networks through various metrics (friends, elements, edges, density, closeness centrality, degree centrality, clustering coefficient, etc.). The study aims to prove the predictive validity of social graph indicators as predictors of personality social success through correlations of graph characteristics reflecting the features of interpersonal relations of a social network user in a virtual environment with the socio-psychological hands of traditional psychodiagnostic tools. The study included 601 subjects. Data was collected using psychological questionnaires and personal profiles from the social network VKontakte. The results of the study showed correlations between several characteristics of social graphs (density, clustering coefficient, closeness centrality, etc.) and several indicators of psychodiagnostic techniques (Dominance index in relationships with others, Organizational abilities, Desire for people, Narcissism, etc.). The significant contribution of the research is to expand the methodological apparatus of psychological science and to open new methods of predicting interpersonal relations of personality through its activity in a virtual environment.
{"title":"Assessment of a Person's Social Success Through the Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationships in A Virtual Environment","authors":"Aleksey Shevcov, Pavel Ustin, Leonid Popov, Fail Gafarov, Galim Vakhitov","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304195","url":null,"abstract":"The sudden spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has convincingly proved the role of social networks in human life activity as an actor of interpersonal relations. The need for isolation and the limitation of face-to-face communication between people has significantly transformed the system of interpersonal connections through an extensive increase in social contacts in the virtual environment and the growing importance of online social services. In the study, we addressed the problem of diagnosing the indicator of social success of a personality, reflecting characteristics of its interpersonal relations in offline activity through the attributes of its virtual activity in social networks. The research was based on the methods of social network analysis and traditional ways of psychodiagnostics. Social networks were analyzed using social graphs - mathematical models that describe the characteristics of relationships between users in social networks through various metrics (friends, elements, edges, density, closeness centrality, degree centrality, clustering coefficient, etc.). The study aims to prove the predictive validity of social graph indicators as predictors of personality social success through correlations of graph characteristics reflecting the features of interpersonal relations of a social network user in a virtual environment with the socio-psychological hands of traditional psychodiagnostic tools. The study included 601 subjects. Data was collected using psychological questionnaires and personal profiles from the social network VKontakte. The results of the study showed correlations between several characteristics of social graphs (density, clustering coefficient, closeness centrality, etc.) and several indicators of psychodiagnostic techniques (Dominance index in relationships with others, Organizational abilities, Desire for people, Narcissism, etc.). The significant contribution of the research is to expand the methodological apparatus of psychological science and to open new methods of predicting interpersonal relations of personality through its activity in a virtual environment.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304194
Evanthia Asimakopoulou, Periklis Zavridis
Chronic pain in post-critical care patients is a multifaceted issue with profound implications for patient well-being and quality of life. This review aims to address the rehabilitation of patients who suffer from chronic pain following discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite growing awareness of the prevalence and impact of this condition, significant gaps in knowledge persist regarding the optimal rehabilitation strategies for these patients. To conduct this study, an extensive literature search was undertaken, encompassing peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, and observational studies in Medline, Scopus, and Cinahl databases, using specific keywords. Studies were identified based on their titles, abstracts, and those that met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies were eligible for inclusion in this review, varying in methodology, assessment tool, assessment time, or follow-up. The findings of this review illuminate the existing gaps in knowledge by synthesizing evidence on the various rehabilitation approaches employed, their effectiveness, and the factors influencing patient outcomes. So far, healthcare professionals have targeted either pain treatment, finding an analgesic medication or the proper position/exercise, or pain management, helping the patient manage life despite the unrelieved pain. Conventional pain treatment or control has been replaced by pain rehabilitation, in which a biopsychosocial approach enables healthcare professionals to provide patients with the knowledge and skills to manage their pain and disability through personal multidimensional choices. Early rehabilitation programs, quick mobilization, and greater family participation should be encouraged. The strengths of this study lie in its thorough analysis of the available literature and the provision of valuable insights into the heterogeneous nature of chronic pain in post-critical care patients. However, limitations include the limited availability of high-quality randomized controlled trials in this domain. Overall, this review contributes to an improved understanding of rehabilitation strategies for chronic pain in post-critical care patients and underscores the need for further research to enhance patient care and outcomes.
{"title":"Rehabilitation of Chronic Pain in Post-Critical Care Patients. A Narrative Review","authors":"Evanthia Asimakopoulou, Periklis Zavridis","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304194","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic pain in post-critical care patients is a multifaceted issue with profound implications for patient well-being and quality of life. This review aims to address the rehabilitation of patients who suffer from chronic pain following discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite growing awareness of the prevalence and impact of this condition, significant gaps in knowledge persist regarding the optimal rehabilitation strategies for these patients. To conduct this study, an extensive literature search was undertaken, encompassing peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, and observational studies in Medline, Scopus, and Cinahl databases, using specific keywords. Studies were identified based on their titles, abstracts, and those that met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies were eligible for inclusion in this review, varying in methodology, assessment tool, assessment time, or follow-up. The findings of this review illuminate the existing gaps in knowledge by synthesizing evidence on the various rehabilitation approaches employed, their effectiveness, and the factors influencing patient outcomes. So far, healthcare professionals have targeted either pain treatment, finding an analgesic medication or the proper position/exercise, or pain management, helping the patient manage life despite the unrelieved pain. Conventional pain treatment or control has been replaced by pain rehabilitation, in which a biopsychosocial approach enables healthcare professionals to provide patients with the knowledge and skills to manage their pain and disability through personal multidimensional choices. Early rehabilitation programs, quick mobilization, and greater family participation should be encouraged. The strengths of this study lie in its thorough analysis of the available literature and the provision of valuable insights into the heterogeneous nature of chronic pain in post-critical care patients. However, limitations include the limited availability of high-quality randomized controlled trials in this domain. Overall, this review contributes to an improved understanding of rehabilitation strategies for chronic pain in post-critical care patients and underscores the need for further research to enhance patient care and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135345438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304193
Gulzhaina Kassymova, Vladimir V. Podberezniy, Mariam Arpentieva, Bakhyt Zhigitbekova, Hans Schachl, Aigerim Kosherbayeva, Kundyz Aganina, Farid Vafazov, Marina G. Golubchikova, Andrey I. Korobchenko
Stressful events in students' and teachers' personal, academic, and professional lives are widespread. The paper discusses many effective methods and techniques for correcting and preventing stress that are simple to learn and practice. They give good results in working with children, adolescents, and youths in training and education. Some practices are more complex and require more attention and effort to understand and master them, but they also have broader capabilities in various situations. Therefore, training sessions aimed at training in the prevention and correction of (di)stress conditions are very relevant and necessary. The results showed that there is a conscious and urgent need for students to reduce anxiety and stress, including ways to deal with learning stresses. Stress management can and should be structured and systematically organized, including in the instrumental sense: students need to be taught how to manage stress and themselves, increase their resistance to stress (resilience), and be trained to use different coping techniques with anxiety, as appropriate. In an empirical study, representatives of other groups of students from three Kazakh universities answered questions from three author's stress questionnaires. According to the respondents, the study results showed that students need knowledge about stress. The study showed the urgent need for special educational and training seminars, lectures, and even courses on (di)stress and physical, mental, and moral injuries and coping with them. Such classes are needed to help schoolchildren and students cope with stress and avoid problems with moral, mental, and physical health to prevent other negative consequences of school and related strains.
{"title":"Building Resilience in Students: Managed and Minimised Stress in Students","authors":"Gulzhaina Kassymova, Vladimir V. Podberezniy, Mariam Arpentieva, Bakhyt Zhigitbekova, Hans Schachl, Aigerim Kosherbayeva, Kundyz Aganina, Farid Vafazov, Marina G. Golubchikova, Andrey I. Korobchenko","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304193","url":null,"abstract":"Stressful events in students' and teachers' personal, academic, and professional lives are widespread. The paper discusses many effective methods and techniques for correcting and preventing stress that are simple to learn and practice. They give good results in working with children, adolescents, and youths in training and education. Some practices are more complex and require more attention and effort to understand and master them, but they also have broader capabilities in various situations. Therefore, training sessions aimed at training in the prevention and correction of (di)stress conditions are very relevant and necessary. The results showed that there is a conscious and urgent need for students to reduce anxiety and stress, including ways to deal with learning stresses. Stress management can and should be structured and systematically organized, including in the instrumental sense: students need to be taught how to manage stress and themselves, increase their resistance to stress (resilience), and be trained to use different coping techniques with anxiety, as appropriate. In an empirical study, representatives of other groups of students from three Kazakh universities answered questions from three author's stress questionnaires. According to the respondents, the study results showed that students need knowledge about stress. The study showed the urgent need for special educational and training seminars, lectures, and even courses on (di)stress and physical, mental, and moral injuries and coping with them. Such classes are needed to help schoolchildren and students cope with stress and avoid problems with moral, mental, and physical health to prevent other negative consequences of school and related strains.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304192
Igor Val Danilov
The theoretical study observes literature to understand whether or not low-frequency oscillations can simultaneously alter the excitability of neurons from peripheral nervous subsystems in different individuals to provide Shared Intentionality in recipients (e.g., fetuses and newborns) and what are the attributes of ecological context for Shared Intentionality. To grasp the perception of objects during environmental learning at the onset of cognition, a fetus needs exogenous factors that could stimulate her nervous system to choose the relevant sensory stimulus. Low-frequency brain oscillations can cause the nonlocal coupling of neurons in peripheral and central nervous subsystems that provide subliminal perception. An external low-frequency oscillator and the proximity of individuals can stimulate the coordination of their heart rates and modulate neuronal excitability. External low-frequency oscillations can increase the cognitive performance of the subjects. The characteristics of this pulsed low-frequency field are oscillations with 400 and 700 nm wavelengths alternately with the pulsed frequency ranging from 1 to 1.6 Hz. This theoretical work contributes to knowledge about nonlocal neuronal coupling in different organisms that can appear due to low-frequency oscillations. The significance of the article is that it explains the neurophysiological processes occurring during Shared Intentionality - one of the central issues in understanding the cognitive development of young children, as the conventional view in cognitive sciences argues. The article's impact is a proposal of the universal mechanism of nonlocal neuronal coupling in shaping the embryonal nervous system in animals of all species, which opens new directions for research on the origin of perception of objects.
{"title":"Low-Frequency Oscillations for Nonlocal Neuronal Coupling in Shared Intentionality Before and After Birth: Toward the Origin of Perception","authors":"Igor Val Danilov","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304192","url":null,"abstract":"The theoretical study observes literature to understand whether or not low-frequency oscillations can simultaneously alter the excitability of neurons from peripheral nervous subsystems in different individuals to provide Shared Intentionality in recipients (e.g., fetuses and newborns) and what are the attributes of ecological context for Shared Intentionality. To grasp the perception of objects during environmental learning at the onset of cognition, a fetus needs exogenous factors that could stimulate her nervous system to choose the relevant sensory stimulus. Low-frequency brain oscillations can cause the nonlocal coupling of neurons in peripheral and central nervous subsystems that provide subliminal perception. An external low-frequency oscillator and the proximity of individuals can stimulate the coordination of their heart rates and modulate neuronal excitability. External low-frequency oscillations can increase the cognitive performance of the subjects. The characteristics of this pulsed low-frequency field are oscillations with 400 and 700 nm wavelengths alternately with the pulsed frequency ranging from 1 to 1.6 Hz. This theoretical work contributes to knowledge about nonlocal neuronal coupling in different organisms that can appear due to low-frequency oscillations. The significance of the article is that it explains the neurophysiological processes occurring during Shared Intentionality - one of the central issues in understanding the cognitive development of young children, as the conventional view in cognitive sciences argues. The article's impact is a proposal of the universal mechanism of nonlocal neuronal coupling in shaping the embryonal nervous system in animals of all species, which opens new directions for research on the origin of perception of objects.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304191
Estefanía Espina, José M. Marbán, Ana Maroto
Dyscalculia is a math learning disability that significantly interferes with students' academic performance and math-related aspects of their daily lives. Early diagnosis and the design of intervention programs adapted to the needs of each case are essential. In this sense, multiple technological resources are created to address both issues. Still, it is difficult to identify which characteristics they share and which are more relevant regarding didactic suitability. Given this situation, this research proposes categorizing these resources according to the type of addressee, objective, format, and supporting scientific evidence. The categorization process has been carried out in two phases: deductive and inductive. In the first phase, a systematic review of the literature was carried out in the main scientific publication databases. Based on the review publications reading, the aspects common to the technological resources found were identified in the second phase, and the final categorization criteria were created. The result of such a procedure provides a valuable bank of technological resources for intervention in dyscalculia at early ages. However, more scientific evidence is lacking to support its efficacy and validity in educational settings.
{"title":"Technological Resources for Early Intervention in Cases of Dyscalculia: A Deductive-Inductive Categorization","authors":"Estefanía Espina, José M. Marbán, Ana Maroto","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304191","url":null,"abstract":"Dyscalculia is a math learning disability that significantly interferes with students' academic performance and math-related aspects of their daily lives. Early diagnosis and the design of intervention programs adapted to the needs of each case are essential. In this sense, multiple technological resources are created to address both issues. Still, it is difficult to identify which characteristics they share and which are more relevant regarding didactic suitability. Given this situation, this research proposes categorizing these resources according to the type of addressee, objective, format, and supporting scientific evidence. The categorization process has been carried out in two phases: deductive and inductive. In the first phase, a systematic review of the literature was carried out in the main scientific publication databases. Based on the review publications reading, the aspects common to the technological resources found were identified in the second phase, and the final categorization criteria were created. The result of such a procedure provides a valuable bank of technological resources for intervention in dyscalculia at early ages. However, more scientific evidence is lacking to support its efficacy and validity in educational settings.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to reveal autism vectors that are inherent in 3-4-year-olds with ASD. Three hundred eighty-three children with ASD took part in the research. An online questionnaire developed earlier by our research group was used. In the first stage, with the repeated use of exploratory factor analysis, the task of identifying the simplest factor structure was solved. As a result, a 7-factor system was obtained, including from 9 to 14 items in each factor (78 items in total): 1) "Persistence on sameness" (Sam); 2) "Emotional dysregulation" (Em); 3) "Alienation" (Al); 4) "Speech understanding" (SU); 5) "Disinhibition/Hyperactivity" (Hyp); 6) "Echolalia" (Ech); 7) "Sensory disintegration" (Sen). Next, a "parcel approach" was applied: binary items included in each factor were randomly distributed into 3 packages, from 3 to 5 items in each box. Thus, instead of 78 binary things, 21 quantitative variables were analyzed. At the second stage, a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was applied to verify the factor validity and structural and measurement equivalence of the obtained 7-factor model to the parts of the sample that differ by gender (m, f) and age (3 and 4 years). The factor validity of the 7-factor model was confirmed: the factors Em, Al, Su, and Ech correlated with each other (correlations from 0.33 to 0.65), forming a group of communication disorders, the second group consisted of factors Sam and Sen (r = 0.66), the factor Hyp did not correlate with other elements. The equivalence of this 7-factor model was confirmed with respect to samples differing in gender (m, f) and age (3 and 4 years). According to all 7 calculated factors-scales, the example of children with ASD statistically significantly differed from other children with the magnitude of the Coen's d effect from 0.688 to 2.088. However, it can be supposed that the factor dimension of autism symptoms can be even more significant, because the revealed structure is based on 436 initial hypothetical symptoms of autism.
{"title":"Factor Structure of ASD Symptoms in Russian 3-4-Year-Olds","authors":"Andrey Nasledov, Sergey Miroshnikov, Liubov Tkacheva, Sergey Fedorov","doi":"10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304190","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to reveal autism vectors that are inherent in 3-4-year-olds with ASD. Three hundred eighty-three children with ASD took part in the research. An online questionnaire developed earlier by our research group was used. In the first stage, with the repeated use of exploratory factor analysis, the task of identifying the simplest factor structure was solved. As a result, a 7-factor system was obtained, including from 9 to 14 items in each factor (78 items in total): 1) \"Persistence on sameness\" (Sam); 2) \"Emotional dysregulation\" (Em); 3) \"Alienation\" (Al); 4) \"Speech understanding\" (SU); 5) \"Disinhibition/Hyperactivity\" (Hyp); 6) \"Echolalia\" (Ech); 7) \"Sensory disintegration\" (Sen). Next, a \"parcel approach\" was applied: binary items included in each factor were randomly distributed into 3 packages, from 3 to 5 items in each box. Thus, instead of 78 binary things, 21 quantitative variables were analyzed. At the second stage, a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was applied to verify the factor validity and structural and measurement equivalence of the obtained 7-factor model to the parts of the sample that differ by gender (m, f) and age (3 and 4 years). The factor validity of the 7-factor model was confirmed: the factors Em, Al, Su, and Ech correlated with each other (correlations from 0.33 to 0.65), forming a group of communication disorders, the second group consisted of factors Sam and Sen (r = 0.66), the factor Hyp did not correlate with other elements. The equivalence of this 7-factor model was confirmed with respect to samples differing in gender (m, f) and age (3 and 4 years). According to all 7 calculated factors-scales, the example of children with ASD statistically significantly differed from other children with the magnitude of the Coen's d effect from 0.688 to 2.088. However, it can be supposed that the factor dimension of autism symptoms can be even more significant, because the revealed structure is based on 436 initial hypothetical symptoms of autism.","PeriodicalId":74334,"journal":{"name":"OBM neurobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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