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Protective Factors Associated With the Loss of a Child due to Oncological Illness: Systematic Review. 与肿瘤疾病导致丧子有关的保护因素:系统回顾。
Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241272500
Marina González-Biber, María Rueda-Extremera, Sandra Gomez-Martínez, María Cantero-García

This systematic review explores factors influencing resilience and post-traumatic growth in parents who have lost a child under 25 to cancer. While such parents are vulnerable to complicated grief, not all experience it. Eight qualitative and mixed studies from ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed, and Cochrane databases were included. They highlight the importance of support and communication with palliative care teams and other grieving families. Understanding the ambivalence experienced during the process is crucial. The review underscores the limited research in this area and offers direction for future studies. Psychological interventions could aid these parents in adapting to their new reality.

本系统综述探讨了影响因癌症失去 25 岁以下子女的父母的复原力和创伤后成长的因素。虽然这些父母容易受到复杂悲伤的影响,但并非所有人都经历过这种情况。本综述纳入了 ProQuest、Science Direct、PubMed 和 Cochrane 数据库中的八项定性和混合研究。这些研究强调了支持以及与姑息治疗团队和其他悲伤家庭沟通的重要性。了解这一过程中所经历的矛盾心理至关重要。综述强调了这一领域研究的有限性,并为今后的研究提供了方向。心理干预可以帮助这些父母适应新的现实。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Emergency Nurses' Psychological Resilience on Their Thanatophobic Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study. 急诊护士的心理复原力对其厌食行为的影响:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-17 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221128156
Mert Kartal, Gurkan Kapikiran, Nese Karakas

Purpose: This study analyzed the effect of emergency nurses' psychological resilience on their thanatophobic behaviors.

Methods: The research was conducted with 156 emergency nurses. In the data collection process, the Socio-Demographic Information Form, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Thanatophobia Scale were used.

Results: It was found that emergency nurses had medium-level psychological resilience and high-level thanatophobia. Besides, it was discerned that there was a moderate negative relationship between psychological resilience and thanatophobia (r:-.643, p: 0.000). Lastly, as per the simple linear regression analysis, it was identified that the predictor variable of psychological resilience accounted for 40.9% of the variance in the predicted variable of thanatophobia (R2:.409, p: 0.000).

Practice implications: Emergency nurses, who are faced with many negative situations, need to have a high level of psychological resilience in order to get out of the mental state brought by negative conditions as soon as possible, and it is recommended to carry out applications to increase psychological resilience.

目的:本研究分析了急诊护士的心理适应能力对其厌食行为的影响:研究对象为 156 名急诊护士。在数据收集过程中,使用了社会人口学信息表、简明复原力量表和恐高症量表:结果:研究发现,急诊护士的心理复原力处于中等水平,恐高症处于较高水平。此外,研究还发现心理复原力与恐高症之间存在中度负相关(r:-.643,P:0.000)。最后,根据简单线性回归分析,发现心理复原力这一预测变量占到恐高症预测变量方差的 40.9%(R2:.409,P:0.000):急诊护士面临许多负面情况,需要具备较高的心理弹性,才能尽快摆脱负面情况带来的心理状态,建议开展提高心理弹性的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Resilience and Post-traumatic Growth Among Bereaved Adults in Kosovo. 探索科索沃失去亲人的成年人的复原力和创伤后成长。
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241265391
Benita Cërmjani, Kaltrina Kelmendi

The study explores resilience and posttraumatic growth in adults in Kosovo who have experienced grief, using the Resilience Portfolio Model as a guiding framework. Twelve participants shared their experiences through semi-structured interviews, aiming to capture detailed personal narratives and insights into coping with loss. Thematic analysis of the data revealed three main themes: "Reaction to Loss," "Navigating through Loss and Embracing Adaptations," and "Resilience and Posttraumatic Growth." The findings highlight the transformative experiences contributing to personal development and resilience, emphasizing the significant role of cultural dimensions in shaping resilience and posttraumatic growth. The study underscores the importance of considering cultural context in therapeutic approaches to better support individuals in their recovery and growth from experiences of loss.

本研究以 "复原力组合模型 "为指导框架,探讨了科索沃经历过悲伤的成年人的复原力和创伤后成长。12 名参与者通过半结构化访谈分享了他们的经历,旨在捕捉详细的个人叙事和应对损失的见解。对数据的主题分析揭示了三大主题:分别是 "对失去的反应"、"度过失去和接受适应 "以及 "复原力和创伤后成长"。研究结果突出了有助于个人发展和复原力的转变性体验,强调了文化因素在塑造复原力和创伤后成长中的重要作用。这项研究强调了在治疗方法中考虑文化背景的重要性,以便更好地支持个人从失去亲人的经历中恢复和成长。
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引用次数: 0
Improving responsible Media Reporting on Student Suicide to Reduce Negative Public Opinion: Text Mining Based on Sina Weibo in China. 改进负责任的媒体对学生自杀的报道,减少负面舆论:基于中国新浪微博的文本挖掘。
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241240945
Meijie Chu, Chun-Yang Lee, Shiling Huang, Xiaoke Zhang, Lijie Wang, Tianmu Chen, Yi-Chen Chiang

The aims of this study were to explore whether student suicide reporting is consistent with media recommendations for suicide reporting; analyze public opinion and sentiments toward student suicide reports. A keyword search was performed on the WeiboReach platform. This study included 113 student suicide report posts and 176,262 readers' comments on suicide news reports. Hierarchical generalized linear modeling was used to analyze the relationships between adherence to reporting recommendations and negative emotions in readers' comments. None of the media reporting of student suicide was consistent with all of the media recommendations for suicide reporting. Netizens were less likely to post negative comments when the reports describe the suicide method used (OR 1.169, 95% CI 1.022∼1.337), and not specifying the cause of suicide was a protective factor for public negative emotion (OR 0.799, 95% CI 0.707, 0.905). The findings suggest improving responsible media reporting on student suicide to reduce negative public emotion.

本研究旨在探讨学生自杀报道是否符合媒体对自杀报道的建议;分析公众对学生自杀报道的看法和情绪。本研究在微博平台上进行了关键词搜索。本研究收录了 113 篇学生自杀报道帖子和 176,262 条读者对自杀新闻报道的评论。研究采用层次广义线性模型分析了报道建议的遵循与读者评论中负面情绪之间的关系。结果发现,没有一家媒体对学生自杀事件的报道符合所有媒体对自杀事件报道的建议。当报道描述自杀方式时,网民发表负面评论的可能性较低(OR 1.169,95% CI 1.022∼1.337),而不说明自杀原因是公众负面情绪的保护因素(OR 0.799,95% CI 0.707,0.905)。研究结果表明,媒体应加强对学生自杀事件的负责任报道,以减少公众的负面情绪。
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引用次数: 0
"The Most Fantastic Thing is Coming Here as an Individual and Going to Bed as Part of a Group": Participants' Experiences From a Residential Course, for People With Advanced Cancer. "最奇妙的事情是以个人身份来到这里,然后以团体成员身份上床睡觉":癌症晚期患者住宿课程参与者的经历。
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241264876
Henriette Søby Gärtner, Bodil H Blix, Mette Raunkiær, Helle Timm

People who suffer from advanced cancer may experience a loss of ability to participate in everyday life and meaningful activities, challenging their sense of identity and social relations. Social support in patient-to-patient interactions and the sharing of experiences with people in similar situations may help alleviate distress. This article is based on an ethnographic field study carried out in relation to three residential narrative courses, which included 36 persons with advanced cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore whether the courses were perceived as significant by the participants and, if so, in what ways. The field work included 185 hr of observations, six focus group interviews and nine individual interviews. The data were analyzed using an abductive thematic approach. Our findings indicate that the residential courses were generally experienced as meaningful and that in particular the setting, the community, and gaining hope were experienced as significant.

晚期癌症患者可能会丧失参与日常生活和有意义活动的能力,这对他们的身份认同感和社会关系提出了挑战。在病人与病人之间的互动中获得社会支持,并与处境相似的人分享经验,可能有助于减轻痛苦。本文以一项人种学实地研究为基础,该研究涉及三个住宿叙事课程,其中包括 36 名晚期癌症患者。在这项研究中,我们旨在探讨参与者是否认为这些课程具有重要意义,如果是,又是以何种方式认为的。实地工作包括 185 小时的观察、6 次焦点小组访谈和 9 次个人访谈。我们采用归纳专题法对数据进行了分析。我们的研究结果表明,参加者普遍认为寄宿课程是有意义的,尤其是环境、社区和获得希望被认为是有意义的。
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引用次数: 0
Disenfranchised Grief: Which Grieving Rules Do German Mid-adolescents Hold? 被剥夺权利的悲伤:德国中青少年的悲伤规则是什么?
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241266869
Angela Siebel, Heidi Müller, Marc Augustin, Christian Zwingmann

Every society adheres to grieving rules that govern how people experience loss and grief. These are rarely communicated explicitly, which can lead to insecurities in dealing with one's own grief and the grief of others. This is particularly true for adolescents. Based on Doka's concept of disenfranchised grief, this study explores the grieving rules of mid-adolescents. Cross-sectional data collection took place in November and December 2022 at six secondary schools in Germany. A total of 226 adolescents predominantly aged between 14 and 16 years completed the questionnaire. The analysis of the data shows that in some respects, mid-adolescents have similar grieving rules as adults. However, they are more inclusive when it comes to losses of ex-partners, pets and people with intellectual disabilities. Possible sources of (self-)disenfranchisement are parasocial relationships and the duration of grief. Open communication about grieving rules is suggested to prevent possible disenfranchisement.

每个社会都有一些悲伤规则,规定人们如何体验失去亲人的痛苦和悲伤。这些规则很少被明确传达,这可能导致人们在处理自己的悲伤和他人的悲伤时缺乏安全感。这对青少年来说尤其如此。根据多卡的 "被剥夺权利的悲伤 "概念,本研究探讨了中青少年的悲伤规则。横断面数据收集工作于 2022 年 11 月和 12 月在德国的六所中学进行。共有 226 名年龄主要在 14 至 16 岁之间的青少年填写了问卷。对数据的分析表明,在某些方面,中学生的悲伤规则与成年人相似。然而,当涉及到失去前伴侣、宠物和智障人士时,他们会更加包容。(自我)剥夺权利的可能来源是寄生社会关系和悲伤的持续时间。建议就悲伤规则进行公开交流,以防止可能出现的剥夺权利现象。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Effect of Participation in Bereavement Support Groups on Perceived Mental Well-Being and Grief Reactions. 评估参加丧亲之痛支持小组对心理健康感知和悲伤反应的影响。
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241253363
Asta B Petursdottir, Hrund S Thorsteinsson

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of participating in bereavement support groups on mental well-being and levels of grief and to gather information about participants´ experiences of participation. The programme consisted of six sessions over six weeks. Data were collected with the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) and the Adult Attitude to Grief scale (AAG) as well as demographic and open-ended questions. 64 bereaved spouses returned at least parts of the study´s questionnaires before participating in the programme while 39 returned the complete WEMWBS and 36 the complete AAG both before and after participation. Most participants were women >60 years old. Participation in the programme resulted in a significant increase in perceived mental well-being and significantly lower levels of vulnerability in grief. Responses to open-ended questions revealed both positive and negative experiences. A lowered WEMWBS score and a relatively high AAG underscore the importance of providing services to the recently bereaved. Routine screening for complicated grief before participating in the bereavement support group sessions is recommended.

该研究旨在评估参加丧亲支持小组对心理健康和悲伤程度的影响,并收集有关参与者参与体验的信息。该项目为期六周,共六节课。通过沃里克-爱丁堡心理健康量表 (WEMWBS) 和成人悲伤态度量表 (AAG) 以及人口统计学和开放式问题收集数据。64 名丧偶者在参加项目前至少填写了部分问卷,39 名丧偶者在参加项目前后填写了完整的 WEMWBS 问卷,36 名丧偶者填写了完整的 AAG 问卷。大多数参与者为 60 岁以上的女性。参加该计划后,心理健康感知显著提高,悲伤的脆弱程度明显降低。对开放式问题的回答显示了积极和消极的体验。WEMWBS 分数的降低和相对较高的 AAG 强调了为新近丧亲者提供服务的重要性。建议在参加丧亲之痛支持小组会议之前对复杂悲伤进行常规筛查。
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引用次数: 0
Posttraumatic Growth and Continued Bonds in Fathers Receiving Bereavement Photography Following Perinatal Loss: A Mixed-Methods Study. 围产期丧子后接受丧亲摄影的父亲的创伤后成长和持续联系:一项混合方法研究。
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241265525
Sarah Salvini, Levita D'Souza, Chiara McDowell, Kitty Vivekananda

Research exploring fathers' experiences of using bereavement photography after perinatal loss is lacking. Using continuing bonds theory, this study aims to investigate fathers'experiences of bereavement photography and predictors of posttraumatic growth (PTG). Mixed methodology was employed with participants (n = 29). A hierarchical regression showed that there were no significant associations between continuing bonds and PTG, but time since death predicted PTG in bereaved fathers. Further, a t test indicated that there was no significant difference in PTG for mothers and fathers. A thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative data from an open-ended survey question (n = 23) and semi-structured interviews (n = 3) with fathers. The qualitative analysis of fathers' responses showed themes relating to bonding/connection, capturing memories, recommendations to receive photography help with grieving, validation, memory-making and continuing bonds, and engagement with photos. Fathers valued bereavement photographs as it enabled them to integrate grief over time.

目前还缺乏对围产期丧亲后父亲使用丧亲摄影的经验进行探讨的研究。本研究采用持续纽带理论,旨在调查父亲使用丧亲摄影的经历以及创伤后成长(PTG)的预测因素。研究采用了混合方法,参与者人数为 29 人。分层回归结果表明,持续性纽带与创伤后成长之间没有显著关联,但丧亲父亲的丧亲摄影时间预测了创伤后成长。此外,t 检验表明,母亲和父亲的 PTG 没有明显差异。我们对来自开放式调查问题(n = 23)和与父亲的半结构式访谈(n = 3)的定性数据进行了主题分析。对父亲们的回答进行的定性分析显示,主题涉及亲情/联系、捕捉记忆、建议在悲伤时接受摄影帮助、验证、建立记忆和延续亲情,以及参与照片拍摄。父亲们重视丧亲照片,因为它能让他们在一段时间内将悲伤融入其中。
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引用次数: 0
How Physicians are Trained to Interact With the Dying: A Thematic Analysis of Medical Student Exposures to End-Of-Life Cases. 医生如何接受与临终者互动的培训:医学生接触临终病例的专题分析。
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241265526
Erin Currey, M Margaret Fessler, Caroline Wong, Dasha Giger, Kristin Collier

Physicians-in-training feel uncomfortable coping with the grief they experience while delivering end-of-life care, and medical schools offer minimal formal curricular offerings on end of life care. Few studies have identified what experiences medical students have with death while training or what lessons they are being taught by more senior physicians at bedside. This qualitative study conducted semi-structured interviews prior to and six months into the medical school clinical year. Our goal was to identify when students were encountering seriously ill/dying patients and what informal education students received about caring for dying patients. Descriptive statistics showed the majority of the encounters the students had with seriously ill or dying patients were in the hospital-based medicine setting. A minority of students participated in debriefs about end-of-life care with their care teams after the events. Thematic analysis showed significant heterogeneity in students' exposure and responses to patient deaths.

接受培训的医生在提供临终关怀服务时会对自己所经历的悲伤感到不安,而医学院提供的有关临终关怀的正式课程极少。很少有研究能确定医学生在受训期间对死亡有什么样的体验,或者更资深的医生在床边给他们上了什么样的课。这项定性研究在医学院临床年之前和之后六个月进行了半结构化访谈。我们的目标是确定学生何时会遇到重病/垂死病人,以及学生在护理垂死病人方面接受了哪些非正式教育。描述性统计显示,学生与重症或垂危病人的接触大多是在医院的医疗环境中进行的。少数学生在事件发生后与他们的护理团队一起参加了有关临终关怀的汇报会。主题分析表明,学生在接触和应对病人死亡时存在明显的异质性。
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引用次数: 0
Is it True That "There are no Right or Wrong Ways to Grieve"? 悲伤没有对错之分 "是真的吗?
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/00302228241266643
Charles A Corr

This article explores some of the implications of the often-heard saying that, "There are no right or wrong ways to grieve." In order to do so, this article offers some reflections on the key phrases that are involved implicitly or explicitly in this advice: loss, bereavement, grief, grieving, and mourning. On that basis, this article examines a series of claims: Are there actually no right ways to grieve?; Is there no single right way to grieve?; Are there no wrong ways to grieve? These analyses are enriched by incorporating some of the new understandings of loss, grief, and mourning that have emerged in the professional literature in recent years from research and scholarship. The conclusion offers lessons that should be learned and that should not be learned from the advice that, "There are no right or wrong ways to grieve".

"哀悼的方式没有对错之分",这句经常听到的名言的一些含义在本文中有所探讨。为此,本文对这一建议中或隐或显地涉及到的关键短语进行了一些思考:失去、丧亲、悲伤、哀痛和哀悼。在此基础上,本文探讨了一系列主张:是否没有正确的悲伤方式?这些分析通过纳入近年来研究和学术研究中出现在专业文献中的一些对失去、悲伤和哀悼的新理解而变得更加丰富。结论是从 "悲伤的方式没有对错之分 "的建议中提出了应该汲取和不应该汲取的教训。
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引用次数: 0
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